高一英语开学摸底考（北京专用）（解析版）

2024届高一下学期开学摸底考（北京专用）英语（考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：100分）注意事项：1、本试卷共100分。考试时长90分钟。2、考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。3、考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。SamwasamotherlessboywholivedwithhisfatherCurtis.ToSam,hisfatherwashisheroandtheonlysoulwithwhomhefelt1andconnectedintheworld.Thoughuneducatedandpoor,Curtisrecognizedandcultivatedhisson’s2inwordslikeitwasthemostimportantthingintheworld.HewouldtakeSamtothepubliclibraryeveryday.WhenfatesuddenlytookCurtisawayfromSam,thekidbecamehomelessandwithdrawnfromeveryoneandeverything.Heevencouldn’treadasinglepagewithout3ateverysentence.Soheturnedtowritinginstead.Andwithintwomonths,theboyusedupsixnotebookstowritehisthoughtsinnotesandpoetry.Oneday,Mr.Murray,afatheroftwoboys,4Samsittingoutsideacafe,grippinghisstomachinhunger,tearsstreamingdownhisface.HetookSamhome,5him,andtuckedhimupinbed.ThenhelookedthroughSam’sbag,hopingtofindsomenumberhecouldcall.Instead,hefoundSam’sdiary.Hereadthroughpageafterpageofwhatthel1-year-oldhadbeengoingthrough,tryingtocryin6.WhenSamwokeup,hefoundhisbooks7arrangedonashelf,hisclothesputawayinalaundrybag,andthepictureofhisfatherputinabeautifulframeandplacedonthestudytable.“Thisisyourhome.Youcanhaveallthebooksyouwant.Iwilldriveyoutoandfromschooleverydaywithmyboys.Nothingwillstopyoufrompursuingyourdreams,”Mr.Murraysaid,acceptingSam’s8hug.Fromthatdayon,Sam’slifewasneverthesame.Readingandwritingnevergotapartfromhim.Hebecameoutgoingand9aconfidentpersonality.WiththeloveandsupportofMr.Murray,hefollowedhisheartandstudied10inuniversity.BythetimeSamwas30,hewastheownerofasuccessfulpublishinghouse.1．A．safe B．stressed C．excited D．anxious2．A．inspiration B．interest C．habit D．imagination3．A．showingoff B．givingup C．calmingdown D．breakingdown4．A．kept B．felt C．spotted D．prevented5．A．fed B．taught C．dragged D．pleased6．A．horror B．silence C．relief D．desperation7．A．neatly B．hurriedly C．wisely D．naturally8．A．polite B．tearful C．welcoming D．comforting9．A．replaced B．described C．developed D．strengthened10．A．science B．gymnastics C．education D．literature【参考答案】1．A2．B3．D4．C5．A6．B7．A8．B9．C10．D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是失去双亲的男孩山姆在好心人默里的帮助和呵护下成为更好的自己，也取得了事业上的成功。【详情解析】1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对山姆来说，父亲就是他的英雄，也是这个世界上唯一让他感到安全、有羁绊的人。A.safe安全的；B.stressed焦虑不安的；C.excited兴奋的；D.anxious焦急的。由上文“hisfatherwashishero”提到山姆的父亲是山姆的英雄可知，父亲能够让山姆感到安全。故选A项。2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管柯蒂斯没有文化，也很穷，但他懂得去培养他儿子对文字的兴趣，仿佛文字就是世界上最重要的事物。A.inspiration灵感；B.interest兴趣；C.habit习惯；D.imagination想象力。one’sinterestinsth.意为“对……的兴趣”；ahabitofsth.意为“……的习惯”。由设空处后面的介词“in”以及语意可知，此处是指柯蒂斯培养儿子对文字的兴趣。故选B项。3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：甚至他要是不把每个句子都作拆分，就会连一页都看不懂。A.showingoff炫耀；B.givingup放弃；C.calmingdown冷静下来；D.breakingdown分解，拆分。由上文“WhenfatesuddenlytookCurtisawayfromSam,thekidbecamehomelessandwithdrawnfromeveryoneandeverything.”提到由于山姆的父亲去世了，山姆变得无家可归，脱离外界可知，当时山姆很难看得进书，需要把每个句子作拆分才读得懂。故选D项。4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，两个孩子的父亲默里先生发现山姆坐在咖啡屋外面，饿着肚子，泪流满面。A.kept保持；B.felt感受；C.spotted发现；D.prevented防止。结合语意与下文“HetookSamhome”（他带山姆回家）可知，此处是指默里一家发现了山姆饿着肚子坐在咖啡屋外。故选C项。5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他带山姆回家，给他食物，哄他睡觉。A.fed喂食；B.taught教授；C.dragged拖，拉；D.pleased使高兴。由上文“grippinghisstomachinhunger”提到无家可归的山姆肚子很饿可知，默里带山姆回家后会给他食物。故选A项。6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一页一页地读着这个11岁孩子的遭遇，尽量不哭出声来。A.horror恐惧；B.silence沉默；C.relief宽慰；D.desperation绝望。结合语意，默里读着山姆写的日记，为山姆的遭遇所动容，且由设空处前的“tryingto”可以推知，默里哭的时候想要尽量不哭出声来。故选B项。7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：山姆醒来后，发现自己的书整洁地放在书架上，自己的衣服放在洗衣袋里，他父亲的照片也装进了一个漂亮的相框里，放在书桌上。A.neatly整洁地；B.hurriedly匆忙地；C.wisely明智地；D.naturally自然地。结合语意，由下文“hisclothesputawayinalaundrybag,andthepictureofhisfatherputinabeautifulframeandplacedonthestudytable”提到山姆的衣服放进洗衣袋里，父亲的照片也装好放在书桌上可知，他的东西被默里处理得很好，所以他的书也应该会被整洁地放在书架上。故选A项。8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这是你的家。你想要什么书就有什么书。我会每天开车载你和我的孩子们一起去上下学。任何东西都阻挡不了你去追求你的梦想。”默里说。山姆含泪给了他一个拥抱。A.polite礼貌的；B.tearful含泪的；C.welcoming（对来访或到达的人）欢迎的，热情友好的；D.comforting令人欣慰的。结合语意，默里对山姆说的话让山姆很感动，所以山姆含泪相拥，作为回应。故选B项。9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他变得外向，个性自信。A.replaced替代；B.described描述；C.developed发展，养成；D.strengthened增强。结合语意，由“Hebecameoutgoing”可知山姆后来变得外向起来，由此推知，他也培养了自信的个性。故选C项。10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他遵从内心，在大学修读文学。A.science科学；B.gymnastics体育；C.education教育；D.literature文学。由上文“Soheturnedtowritinginstead.Andwithintwomonths,theboyusedupsixnotebookstowritehisthoughtsinnotesandpoetry.”提到山姆写作，把自己的想法写成笔记或是诗歌，由此推知，他遵从内心，修读的应该是文学。故选D项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AChineseNewYearPaintingisaspecialChineseartform.Usuallyit11(put)onwalls,doorsorwindows.AsSpringFestivalarrives,manyfamiliesputupNewYearPaintingsasawish12(have)goodluckandhappiness.TherearedifferentsubjectsinNewYearPaintings,suchasbabies,flowersandbirds.TheearliestNewYearPainting13(appear)intheTangdynasty(朝代)andwasattachedtothedoortokeepthefamilysafe.TodayNewYearPaintingsarestillpopularinsomeruralareasofChina.【参考答案】11．isput12．tohave13．appeared【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国年画。【详情解析】11．考查时态语态。句意：通常它会贴在墙上、门上或窗户上。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语，且it(ChineseNewYearPainting)和put是被动关系，且根据句意可知，这里应用一般现在时。故填isput。12．考查非谓语。句意：随着春节的到来，许多家庭都挂上了年画，以祝好运和幸福。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，再根据句意可知，这里应填不定式作后置定语。故填tohave。13．考查时态。句意：最早的年画出现在唐代，并贴在门上以保护家人的安全。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语，NewYearPainting和appear是主动关系，再由intheTangdynasty可知，这里时态应用一般过去时。故填appeared。BItwasmyfirsttimespendingSpringFestivalinChina14myhostfamily.SpringFestivalishighlyvaluedbyeveryChinesefamily.Preparationsbeganaweekbeforethefestival.First,thehouse15(clean)fromtoptobottom.Next,theChinesecharacterFuwasattachedupsidedowntoourfrontdoor.ThegreatestexcitementbeganthenightbeforeSpringFestival.Fireworkswerebeingletoffacrossthecity,suddenlylightingupthenightsky.Wethensattogether16(enjoy)abigdinner,wishingeveryoneahappynewyear.【参考答案】14．with15．wascleaned16．enjoying【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在中国过春节的经历和感受。【详情解析】14．考查介词。句意：这是我第一次和寄宿家庭在中国过春节。分析句子结构和句意可知，此处需用介词with，表示“和……”，即和寄宿制家庭过春节。故填with。15．考查时态和语态。句意：首先，房子被彻底打扫了一遍。由文章前一句谓语动词began和空后was可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情；又因house与clean之间是被动关系，所以空处需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/weredone，主语是单数，所以用was。故填wascleaned。16．考查非谓语动词。句意：然后我们坐在一起享受一顿丰盛的晚餐，祝大家新年快乐。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语We与enjoy之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填enjoying。CItwasacoldandsnowymorningafterthewinterholiday.Actually,it17(be)myfirstdayatmynewschool.Iwaswalking18(slow)andworryingaboutlotsofthings.Agirl19wasonabikepassedmequickly.Shewasridingonsnowyicewhensuddenlyshefelloffherbikejustafewstepsinfrontofme.Withoutthinking,Iwentoverand20(help)herstandup.Shesaid“Thankyou!”tomewithasmileandthenrodeaway.Thewords“Thankyou!”helpedmeandthissmallevent(事情)mademelessnervousaboutmynewschool.【参考答案】17．was18．slowly19．who/that20．helped【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在去新学校上学的路上帮助了一位骑车摔倒的女孩的故事。【详情解析】17．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：事实上，这是我在新学校的第一天。根据前一句谓语动词was可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，主语是第三人称单数it，所以此处be动词需用was。故填was。18．考查副词。句意：我走得很慢，心里担心很多事情。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词walk，slow的副词为slowly“缓慢地”。故填slowly。19．考查定语从句。句意：一个骑自行车的女孩很快地超过了我。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是agirl，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that。20．考查时态。句意：没有太多考虑，我走过去扶她站起来。由空前“wentover”和连词and可知，此处并列连词and连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时。故填helped。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThefollowinglistincludessomebooksthatcomehighlyrecommendedbymillionsofreadersandalsoashortsummaryofthehighlightsofeachwork.TheGo-Giver,byBobBurgandJohnDavidMannIdidn’tevenexpectthatsuchashortbookcouldmakeahugedifferenceinmywaytowardslife.Itsimplyexplainscomplexlawsthatdirectmankind,andconcludesthatthereisalwaystruthintheopposite.DaoDeJing,byLaoZiDaoDeJingisoneofthefinestbooksonphilosophywrittenbyLaoZi,anancientChinesephilosopherandpoet.Itissincere,excitingandmakesyouthinkalot.Readitandgetintouchwiththecleareducativeunderstandingsthatgiveyouenoughtipstopursueyourlifegoalfullofpassion.TheScienceofGettingRich,byWallaceD．WattlesIhadmyownmisunderstandingsofgettingrichtillIreadthisbook.ThebookmadeahugedifferencetomylifeafterIdiscoveredthesecretsmentioned.Readitanditteachesyouhowtobecomerich,notimmediately,butstepbystep.ThePowerofHabit,byCharlesDuhiggIneverknewhabitsplayedsuchanimportantroleinshapingourfutureuntilIreadthisbook.Itsays,youarewhatyourhabitsare,andalsosuggeststheproventechniquestocreatenewhabitsthatchangeourlifestylesandeventuallyourlivers.Itismust-readforeveryonewhowishestoformlifetimehabits.TheRoadLessTravelled,byScottPeckSimplyput,buythisbookforthepathtowardsunderstandinginaspiritualwaythatstrengthensyourpersonalgrowth.Thisbooknevergivesyoueasysolutionstothechallengesoflife;itsimplyispartoflifeandleavesyouwithbetterunderstandingtoleadafulfilledlife.21．Whichbookcanhelpyouchaseyourdreampassionately?A．DaoDeJing. B．TheGo-Giver.C．TheRoadLessTravelled. D．TheScienceofGettingRich.22．WhichofthefollowingideasmayScottPeckagreewith?A．Habitscanshapeourfuture.B．Thereisalwaystruthintheopposite.C．Difficultyisoftenpartofpersonalgrowth.D．Weshouldfindeasysolutionstochallenges.23．Whatcanweknowaboutthebooksmentionedabove?A．Theyarealleasilywritten. B．Theyareallpopularbooks.C．Alltheirwritersareforeigners. D．Allthebooksareaboutlifegoals.【参考答案】21．A22．C23．B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些成千上万的读者推荐的非常受欢迎的书籍。【详情解析】21．细节理解题。根据文中DaoDeJing,byLaoZi中的“DaoDeJingisoneofthefinestbooksonphilosophywrittenbyLaoZi,anancientChinesephilosopherandpoet.Itissincere,excitingandmakesyouthinkalot.Readitandgetintouchwiththecleareducativeunderstandingsthatgiveyouenoughtipstopursueyourlifegoalfullofpassion.（《道德经》是中国古代哲学家、诗人老子所著的最优秀的哲学著作之一。它是真诚的，令人兴奋的，让你思考很多。读一读，你就会明白其中清晰的教育理念，它会给你足够的建议，让你充满激情地追求自己的人生目标。）”可知，《道德经》能帮助你激情地追逐梦想。故选A。22．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thisbooknevergivesyoueasysolutionstothechallengesoflife.Itsimplyispartoflifeandleavesyouwithbetterunderstandingtoleadafulfilledlife.（这本书不会给你简单的解决生活中的挑战的方法。它只是生活的一部分，让你更好地理解，过上充实的生活。）”可知，ScottPeck会同意C项“困难只是个人成长的一部分。”故选C。23．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Thefollowinglistincludessomebooksthatcomehighlyrecommendedbymillionsofreadersandalsoashortsummaryofthehighlightsofeachwork.（下面的清单包括了数百万读者强烈推荐的几本书，以及每本书的亮点的简短总结。）”可知，这些书有那么多的读者推荐，所以很受欢迎，故选B。BMargaretAnnBulkleywasbornaround1789,inIreland.Shehadbigdreams.“Iwanttobeadoctor!”Buttwohundredyearsagoagirlcouldn’tbecomeadoctor.Heruncle,JamesBarry,wasagreatpainter.AndhisfriendGeneralMirandahadalibrarywithmorethan6,000books.Margaretlovedreadingthere.Herintelligenceimpressedhim.Yearslater,heruncleJamesBarrydied,leavinghersomemoney.Itwasenoughtostudytobeadoctor.“Butagirlcan’tbecomeadoctor,”saidMargaretsadly.“Yes,youcan!”saidGeneralMiranda.“Allyouhavetodoistodisguiseasaboy.”Margaretreallywantedtobeadoctor.Soshecutoffherlonghair,practicedspeakinginadeepvoice,andputonboy’sclothes.ShealsonamedherselfJamesBarry.Fromthenon,MargaretAnnBulkleydisappeared.ShebecameJamesBarryandenteredEdinburghUniversity.Hetook13subjectsandworkedallthroughthesummerwhentheotherstudentswentonholiday.Barrygraduatedin1812anddecidedtojointheBritishArmy.Inhislife,Dr.JamesBarrytravelledallovertheworld,helpingtosavemanylives.Beforeretirement,BarryhadrisentothesecondhighestmedicalofficerintheBritishArmy.Barryimprovedtheconditionsfornotonlywoundedsoldiersbutalsothelocalpeople,andperformedthefirstrecordedsuccessfulcaesareansection(剖宫产)inAfrica.ThesecretDr.JamesBarrykeptforoverfiftyyearswasonlyknownafterhisdeathin1865.24．WhatleftadeepimpressiononGeneralMiranda?A．Margaret’sintelligence. B．Margaret’sloveforpainting.C．Margaret’sdream. D．Margaret’sloveforreading.25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disguise”inparagraph2mean?A．Changeone’sclothes. B．Dresslikeadoctor.C．Dresslikeagentleman. D．Changeone’sappearance.26．WhichwasDr.JamesBarry’sachievementinherjob?A．BecomingthehighestofficerintheBritishArmy.B．Improvingmedicalconditionsforthewoundedsoldiers.C．Graduatingfromthemostfamousmedicaluniversity.D．Doingtheworld’sfirstrecordedcaesareansectionsuccessfully.27．WhatwasthesecretDr.JamesBarrykeptforoverfiftyyears?A．JamesBarryleftmuchmoney.B．Margaretdiedinhertwenties.C．Dr.JamesBarrywasawoman.D．GeneralMirandahelpedMargaretalot.【参考答案】24．A25．D26．B27．C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了MargaretAnnBulkley为了实现自己成为医生的梦想，把自己装扮成一位男性从医的故事。【详情解析】24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“AndhisfriendGeneralMirandahadalibrarywithmorethan6,000books.Margaretlovedreadingthere.Herintelligenceimpressedhim.(他的朋友米兰达将军有一个藏书6000多本书的图书馆。玛格丽特喜欢在那里读书。她的聪明才智给他留下了深刻的印象)”可知，是Margaret的聪明才智给GeneralMiranda留下了深刻的印象，故选A。25．词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“Soshecutoffherlonghair,practicedspeakinginadeepvoice,andputonboy’sclothes.(于是她剪掉了长发，练习用低沉的声音说话，穿上了男孩的衣服)”可知，为了成为一名医生，把自己的头发剪短，装扮成一个男孩，故画线词意思与changeone’sappearance同义。故选D。26．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Barryimprovedtheconditionsfornotonlywoundedsoldiersbutalsothelocalpeople,andperformedthefirstrecordedsuccessfulcaesareansection(剖宫产)inAfrica.(Barry不仅改善了伤兵的条件，也改善了当地人的条件，并在非洲成功实施了有记录的第一例剖腹产手术)”可知，改善了伤兵的生活条件是她所取得的成就之一。故选B。27．推理判断题。根据第二段“Margaretreallywantedtobeadoctor.Soshecutoffherlonghair,practicedspeakinginadeepvoice,andputonboy’sclothes.ShealsonamedherselfJamesBarry.(Margaret很想成为一名医生。于是她剪掉了长发，练习用低沉的声音说话，穿上了男孩的衣服。她还给自己起名叫JamesBarry)”和第三段“ThesecretDr.JamesBarrykeptforoverfiftyyearswasonlyknownafterhisdeathin1865.(詹姆斯·巴里医生保守了50多年的秘密直到1865年他去世后才为人所知)”可知，她假扮成男孩成为一名医生，给自己起名叫JamesBarry，是她一直保守的秘密。即JamesBarry医生是一名女性。故选C。CLibrariesaroundtheworldstillholdcopiesofbooksprintedhundredsofyearsago.Wille-booksstillbeusedinhundredsofyears’time?Librariansareworriedthatdigitalinformationanddigitalbooksarealreadybeinglost.Technologyisalwayschanging,andevennow,wecannotfindtheinformationtypedinprogramsweusedtenorfifteenyearsago.Isdigitaldataindangerofdisappearingintoadigitalblackhole?Amazingly,westillhavecopiesofthefirstpublishedcollectionofWilliamShakespeare536playsThefirstFolio.That’snotbadforabookthat’snearly500yearsold.Thefoliowaspublishedin1623.Around800copieswereprintedand234knowncopiesstillcanbefoundtoday.Booksarequiteeasytostore.Theyholdalargeamountofinformationinasmallspace.Mostimportantly,wedon’tneedanyspecialequipmenttoopenthem.Butwhataboutthedigitalbooksstoredonyourcomputernow?Willpeoplebeabletoreadthemin800,500oreven10years’time?Technologymovesfast.Thedigitalbookswesavedonsomespecialequipmenttenortwentyyearsagocan’tbeopenednow.Wecan’topenthemonour21stcenturylaptops.Whataboutallyourdigitalphotographs?Everysecond,thousandsofthemareuploadedtosocialmedia.Thereisnophysicalcopy.Whatwillhappentothem?Willtheybelostinafewyears’time?Nowyousavethemin.jpgor.tiffformat(格式).Intenyears’time,therewillbeanotherformandanotherprogramtoopenyourphotoswith.Thisnewprogramwillnotbeabletoopenyourold.jpgor.tifffiles.PeoplehaverecognisedthisproblemandtherearenowonlinesellerswhowillprintphysicalphotoalbumsofyourFacebookposts.Whenawebsiteclosesdown,alltheinformationonthatwebsiteisremoved.It’sgoneforever.Ithasdisappearedintothe“digitalblackhole”.Organisationshaveunderstoodthisproblem.In2004,theBritishLibraryintheUKstartedtoarchive(存档)websitesthatareimportantculturallyandacademicallyforfuturegenerations,justlikepaper-basedliterature.In2010,theUSLibraryofCongresssignedanagreementwithTwittertoarchivepublicTweetssentbyAmericans.TheyhavearchivedallpublicTweetssentsincethestartofTwitterin2006.That’s400millionTweetseveryday!Withalltheamazingnewdigitaltechnologytoday,westillhavetorelyonthecenturies-oldtechnologyofprinting.Fornow,itseemsprintedcopiesarestillthesafestwaytostoreinformation.28．ThewritermentionsShakespeare’sworktoshow______.A．therearedifferentwaystostorebooksB．ShakespearehasinfluenceonprintingbooksC．printedbookscanbestoredforalongtimeD．thetechnologyofprintinghasalonghistory29．Whyisdigitaldataindangerofdisappearingintoadigitalblackhole?A．Thereisnoenoughroomtostoredigitaldata.B．Peoplepreferprintedcopiestodigitaldata.C．Anewformofdatawillreplacedigitaldata.D．Digitaldatamaynotbereachedinthefuture.30．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardkeepingtheprintedcopies?A．Doubtful. B．Supportive. C．Unclear. D．Worried.【参考答案】28．C29．D30．B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是数字黑洞，今天我们可以使用所有令人惊叹的新数字技术，但我们仍然必须依赖数百年的印刷技术来保存它们，这是最安全的方式。【详情解析】28．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Amazingly,westillhavecopiesofthefirstpublishedcollectionofWilliamShakespeare536playsThefirstFolio.That’snotbadforabookthat’snearly500yearsold.Thefoliowaspublishedin1623.Around800copieswereprintedand234knowncopiesstillcanbefoundtoday.(令人惊讶的是，我们仍然保存着威廉·莎士比亚第一次出版的536部戏剧《第一对开本》的副本。对于一本有近500年历史的书来说，这已经很不错了。这本对开本于1623年出版。大约有800本被印刷出来，至今仍能找到234本)”可知，作者提到了莎士比亚的作品是为了说明印刷书籍可以存放很长时间。故选C。29．推理判断题。根据第四段“Thisnewprogramwillnotbeabletoopenyourold.jpgor.tifffiles.(这个新程序将无法打开旧的jpg或tiff文件)”可知，数字数据有消失在数字黑洞的危险是因为未来可能无法接触到数字数据。故选D。30．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Fornow,itseemsprintedcopiesarestillthesafestwaytostoreinformation.(目前看来，打印副本仍然是最安全的存储信息的方式)”可知，作者对保留印刷本的态度是支持的。故选B。DAstechnologyisdevelopingrapidly,wecanactuallybuildVRheadsetsthatmeethighrequirements.TheinterestinVRrises,sodoestheinterestincreatingnewmediatobeexperiencedinusingVR.Journalismisamediumbuiltonrelevance.Journalistsarealwaysfindingnewmeanstotellstoriesandreportnews.Itisagoldmineforstorytelling.Whatbetterwaystotellastorytosomeonethantoputthemrightinthecenterofit?PeoplearealreadymakinguseofVRinnews.CreativedirectorSpikeJonzeandvisualartistChrisMilkputviewersatthesceneoftheMillionsMarchprotestinNewYorkinDecember,2014.TheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniacreated“ProjectSyria,”whichallowsviewerstoexperiencethebombingofacrowdedneighborhoodandvisitarefugeecampinthewar-tomcountry.Thesearejustafewexamplesofagrowingnumberofprojectsthatareoutthere.VRisapowerfultoolforjournalists.Theconsumerisn’tjustreadingorwatchingsomethingplayout;they’reexperiencingit.Theimmersive(沉浸式的)natureofVRallowspeopletoconnectwiththesubjectmatteronamuchdeeperlevelthanjustreadingaboutit.Theexperienceisemotional,speakingmoretoourinstinct(本能)thanourintellect(智力).Thereareawiderangeofpossibilitiesforstorytellinghere,andanystorytellerwantingtodosomethingmoreinterestingthantheirpeersshouldsurelybeconsideringthesheerpowerofVR.ThequestionofVR,though,isnothowpowerfulitis.Thatisobvious.ThequestionofVRisoneofviability(可行性)andavailability.Tellingstoriesmustbeeasytodo,andaccesstothosestoriesmustbereadilyavailable.ThisisthebiggestchallengethatVRfaces.IfthetoolstotellastorywithVRaren’teasytopickupandlearn,VRwillfail.IfVRtechnologyisn’tbothtop-of-the-lineandaffordable,VRwillfail.“IthinkthatcurrentVRtechnologyisprettyexclusiverightnow,butit’sverypromisingthatitwillnotbeaprobleminthelongrun,”saidThomasHallaq,assistantprofessorofjournalismandmasscommunications.“We’reseeingmoretechnologybecomeaccessible,andmorepeoplehavingaccesstothattechnology.Justlookatsmartphones.”IfthetechnologyiswidelyavailableandcompanieslikeOculus,Samsung,HTCandValvecanovercometheinherentdifficulties,VRwillsucceedinbeingadesirablemeansofstorytelling.Likeradio,TVandtheInternetbeforeit,VRwillchangethewaywetellstories.31．WhyisVRconsideredapowerfultoolforjournalism?A．Becauseitisamediumbuiltonrelevance.B．Becauseitisverypopularandinteresting.C．Becauseitallowspeopletoexperiencethenewspersonally.D．Becauseitisanexclusivelynewtoolintellingnewsstories.32．Accordingtothepassage,whatisthebiggestchallengeVRisfacing?A．Whetheritiseasilyaccessibletopeople.B．Howpowerfulandinterestingitcanbe.C．WhetherqualifiedVRheadsetscanbebuilt.D．Whatnewwayspeoplewillfindtoreportnews.33．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofVRtechnology?A．Neutral. B．Positive. C．Negative. D．Concerned.34．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheChallengesofVirtualRealityB．TheWidePopularityofVirtualRealityC．TheFutureofStorytelling—VirtualRealityD．TheDevelopmentofVirtualRealityintheFuture【参考答案】31．C32．A33．B34．C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了虚拟现实技术在报道新闻故事方面的作用以及它的未来发展前景。【详情解析】31．细节理解题。根据第三段中“VRisapowerfultoolforjournalists.Theconsumerisn’tjustreadingorwatchingsomethingplayout;they’reexperiencingit.TheimmersivenatureofVRallowspeopletoconnectwiththesubjectmatteronamuchdeeperlevelthanjustreadingaboutit.Theexperienceisemotional,speakingmoretoourinstinctthanourintellect.”（于记者来说，虚拟现实是一个强大的工具。消费者不只是阅读或观看某些内容;他们正在经历。虚拟现实的沉浸性让人们能够在更深层的层面上与主题联系起来，而不仅仅是阅读。这种体验是情绪化的，更多的是我们的本能，而不是我们的智力。）可知，虚拟现实被认为是新闻的强大工具是因为它能让人们亲身体验新闻。故选C项。32．细节理解题。根据第四段中“ThequestionofVRisoneofviabilityandavailability.Tellingstoriesmustbeeasytodo,andaccesstothosestoriesmustbereadilyavailable.ThisisthebiggestchallengethatVRfaces.”（虚拟现实是一个可行性和可用性的问题。讲故事必须容易做到，而且必须能够随时接触到这些故事。这是VR面临的最大挑战。）可知，根据文章，虚拟现实面临的最大挑战它是否容易为人们所接触到。故选A项。33．推理判断题。根据最后一段“IfthetechnologyiswidelyavailableandcompanieslikeOculus,Samsung,HTCandValvecanovercometheinherentdifficulties,VRwillsucceedinbeingadesirablemeansofstorytelling.Likeradio,TVandtheInternetbeforeit,VRwillchangethewaywetellstories.”（如果这项技术被广泛应用，Oculus、三星(Samsung)、HTC和Valve等公司能够克服固有的困难，VR将成功成为讲故事的理想手段。就像之前的广播、电视和互联网一样，虚拟现实将改变我们讲故事的方式。）故可推知，作者对VR技术的未来持积极乐观的态度。故选B项。34．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Journalistsarealwaysfindingnewmeanstotellstoriesandreportnews.Itisagoldmineforstorytelling.Whatbetterwaystotellastorytosomeonethantoputthemrightinthecenterofit?”（记者总是在寻找讲述故事和报道新闻的新方法。这是一个讲故事的金矿。还有什么比把他们放在故事的中心更好的方式来讲述一个故事呢？）以及最后一段中“Likeradio,TVandtheInternetbeforeit,VRwillchangethewaywetellstories.”（就像之前的广播、电视和互联网一样，虚拟现实将改变我们讲故事的方式。）可知，文章主要讲的是虚拟现实技术在报道新闻故事方面的作用以及它的未来发展前景。故文章最好的标题是“讲故事的未来——虚拟现实”。故选C项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyoufeeldepressed(消沉的),it’sbesttodosomethingaboutit—depressiondoesn’tjustgoawayonitsown.Inadditiontogettinghelpfromadoctor,herearefourthingsyoucandotofeelbetter.Exercise.Takea15-to-30-minutewalkeveryday—ordanceandbikeifyouprefer.35Butmakeyourselfdoitanyway.Onceyougetintheexercisehabit,itwon’ttakelongtonoticeadifferenceinyourmood.Provideyourselfwithgoodnutrition.Depressioncanaffectappetite(食欲).Onepersonmaynotfeellikeeatingatall,butanothermightovereat.36Soeatplentyoffruitsandvegetablesandgetregularmeals(evenifyoudon’tfeelhungry,trytoeatsomethinglight,likeapieceoffruit,tokeepyougoing).Findouttroubles.37Whenyouknowwhat’sgotyoufeelingblueandwhy,talkaboutitwithacaringfriend.Talkingisawaytoreceivesomeunderstanding.Ifthere’snoonetotell,pouringyourheartouttoajournalworksjustaswell.38Depressionaffectsaperson’sthoughts,makingeverythingseemunhappyandhopeless.Ifdepressionhasyounoticingonlythenegative,makeanefforttonoticethegoodthingsinlife.Trytonoticeonething,andthentrytothinkofonemore.Consideryourstrengthsorgifts.Mostofall,don’tforgettobepatientwithyourself.39A．Lookonthebrightside.B．Takeactiontosolveproblems.C．Depressiontakestimetoheal.D．Propernutritioncanaffectaperson’smoodandenergy.E．Peoplewhoaredepressedmaynotfeelmuchlikebeingactive.F．Trytomakeoutanysituationsthathavecontributedtoyourdepression.G．Withdepression,aperson’screativityandsenseoffunmayseemblocked.【参考答案】35．E36．D37．F38．A39．C【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍缓解心情低落的方法：经常锻炼，为自己提供良好的营养，找出麻烦和问题，这样能让自己的心情好起来。【详情解析】35．根据下文Butmakeyourselfdoitanyway.（尽管如此，还是让你自己去做吧）可知，此处与之形成转折关系。由此可知，E项Peoplewhoaredepressedmaynotfeelmuchlikebeingactive.（抑郁的人可能不太想活动）符合文意。故选E。36．根据上文Provideyourselfwithgoodnutrition.（给自己提供好的营养）可知，此处与nutrition“营养”有关。由此可知，D项Propernutritioncanaffectaperson’smoodandenergy.（适当的营养可以影响一个人的情绪和能量）符合文意。故选D。37．根据上文Findouttroubles.（找出问题）可知，此处指找出问题所在。由此可知，F项Trytomakeoutanysituationsthathavecontributedtoyourdepression.（试着找出任何导致你抑郁的情况）符合文意。故选F。38．根据下文Ifdepressionhasyounoticingonlythenegative,makeanefforttonoticethegoodthingsinlife.（如果抑郁让你只注意到消极的一面，那就努力去发现生活中好的一面）可知，此处指要看到事物积极的一面。由此可知，A项Lookonthebrightside.（往好的方面想）符合文意。故选A。39．根据上文Mostofall,don’tforgettobepatientwithyourself.（最重要的是，不要忘记对自己有耐心）可知，此处指排除压抑情绪需要一段时间。由此可知，C项Depressiontakestimetoheal.（抑郁症需要时间来治愈）符合文意。故选C。第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Aspoonfulofpickles(榨菜)cansometimesmakeamealtastewaybetter.Recently,anewtypeofpickleisbeingdiscussed:“digitalpickledvegetables”.Itreferstothevideospeoplewatchwhileeating.Manypeoplethinkthatthevideoscanmaketheirfoodmoreappetizing.Thetopicreceivedmorethan16millionclicksonSinaWei