病毒增殖课件

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病毒增殖BasicStepsof

ViralreplicationCycle

病毒的复制周期Adsorption吸附Penetration穿入Uncoating脱壳Biosynthesis生物合成(eclipsephase隐蔽期)Assembly装配&Release释放3ADSORPTION4TemperatureindependentRequiresviralspecificbindingsiteCellularreceptors细胞的受体ADSORPTION5SignificanceThespecificattachmentdeterminesthehostrange（属主范围）ofthevirus::Species（种特异性）organspecificity（器官特异性）6EnvelopedVirusesFusionwithcellmembraneEntryviaendosome（经内吞体）Penetration7herpesviruses,paramyxoviruses,HIVPenetration8EnvelopedVirusesFusionwithcellmembraneEntryviaendosomePenetration91011H+12H+13H+14H+15Fusionwithcellmembrane

Entryviaendosomes,fusionwithacidicendosomemembranePenetrationEnvelopedViruses16fromSchaechteretal,MechanismsofMicrobialDisease,3rded,1998PenetrationEnvelopedViruses17NON-ENVELOPEDVIRUSES

Penetration18Nakedvirus

entrydirectlyacrossplasmamembranePenetration19entrydirectlyacrossplasmamembranePenetrationNakedvirus

20H+21NeedtomakegenomeavailableUNCOATING22NeedtomakegenomeavailableOnceuncoatingoccurs,entereclipsephaseUNCOATING23UNCOATINGNeedtomakegenomeavailableOnceuncoatingoccurs,entereclipsephaseEclipsephaselastsuntilfirstnewvirusparticleformed2425Synthesis合成ViralNucleicAcid&ProteinManystrategies（多种策略）

Nucleicacidmaybemadeinnucleus（核）orcytoplasm（胞浆）

Proteinsynthesisisalwaysinthe

cytoplasm26theproductionofearlymRNA&earlyproteinsthereplicationofgenomeSynthesistheproductionoflatemRNA&lateproteins271.dsDNAvirusHerpesviruse疱疹病毒nucleusnspspCytoplasm`28picornaviruse2.(+)Single-strandedRNAvirusestoserveasamessengerRNAtoserveasatemplateforthesynthesisofacomplementary(-)strandRNA--makemore(+)RNAstrandsribosomes293.(-)Single-strandedRNAvirusesParamyxovirus副粘病毒304.Retroviruse(provirus)(provirus，前病毒)nucleusHIV,HTLV-l31Assembly&MaturationNucleusCytoplasmAtmembrane32SmallpoxVirus天花病毒

Assembly&MaturationF.A.Murphy,SchoolofVeterinaryMedicine,UniversityofCalifornia,Davis.

/fam_graphics/download.html33ReleaseLysis裂解12Buddingthroughplasmamembrane34SemlikiForestVirus塞姆利基森林病毒BuddingSchaechteretal,MechanismsofMicrobialDisease,3rded,199835HIV

Budding&MaturationHsiung,GDetal.,DiagnosticVirology1994p204(D.Medina)36Hockleyetal.JGenVirol69:2455-2469uninfectedHIVinfected(athighermagnifcation)HIVinfected37ViralreplicativeCycle38ReplicationofdsDNAvirus

39Replicationof+ssRNAvirus40ReplicationofHIV41Adsorption.PenetrationUncoatingEclipseVirusreplicationProteinsynthesis GenomreplicationNewvirusparticlesReleaseBuddingcytopathiceffect(CPE)+strandRNAvirus=mRNAdirecteTranslation

Allotherviruses-strandRNA+strandRNA=mRNA-

TranslationDNAmRNATranslation42Abnormalmultiplication

异常增殖1.Abortiveinfection顿挫感染:

non-permissivecell（非容许细胞）2.Defectiveviruses缺损病毒:

arethosewithgenomesshorterthannormalviruses,containingatleastonedepletion,alsocalleddefectiveinterferingparticles(DIPs，缺损干扰颗粒),theycannotreplicateunlessthedeletedgenehasbeenrescued

.43DEFECTIVEVIRUSESsomeexamplesofdefectiveviruses腺病毒相关病毒——腺病毒hepatitisdeltavirus(usesunrelatedhelper)44DEFECTIVEINTERFERING(DI)VIRUSES(PARTICLES)decreasereplicationofhelpervirus（辅助病毒）competeforviralprecursors,etc.