2024年步步高大一轮复习word文档(人教版)Book-1-unit-3

类型：反映信话题：校园中的乱涂和乱扔垃圾现象典例展示June8,2024DearMr.Headmaster，IamLiYue，astudentfromClass1，SeniorⅡ.Iamwritingtodrawyourattentiontosomeimproperbehaviouramongusstudents：litteringandscribbling.It_makes_our_schooldirty_and_unpleasant，and_does_harm_to_the_image_of_our_school.1IalwaysfeelashamedwheneverIseethis.Itisclearlynotappropriateforastudenttolitterandscribbleabout.Iwonderiftheschoolcouldplacemoredustbinsaroundandsetupspecificrulesagainstsuchbehaviour.Atthesametime，studentsshouldbeencouragedtodevelopgoodhabitsandbetterbehavethemselves.Ibelievethat，withthejointeffortsofbothteachersandstudents，our_school_will_become_a_more_enjoyable_place_in_the_near_future.2Thankyouforyourconsideration.Yoursfaithfully，LiYue(2024·浙江)佳句变式范文中的划线句子可改为如下句式：1.Notonlydoesitmakeourschooldirtyandunpleasant，butalsoitdoesharmtotheimageofourschool.2....wewillmakeourschoolamoreenjoyableplacetostudyininthenearfuture.Ⅰ.词汇与派生联想记忆法1.journaln.日记；杂志；定期刊物→journalistn.记者2.prefervt.更喜爱；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)→prefer(sb.)to_dosth.喜爱/愿意(某人)去做某事3.persuadevt.说服；劝说→persuadesb.to_dosth./persuadesb.intodoingsth.说服某人去做某事4.graduaten.大学毕业生；vi.毕业→graduatefrom...毕业于……→graduationn.毕业5.schedulen.时间表；进度表；vt.为某事安排时间→onschedule按时，如期→bescheduledtodosth.预计去做某事6.fondadj.喜爱的；慈祥的；宠爱的→befondof喜爱；喜爱7.altituden.海拔高度；高处→attituden.态度；看法→latituden.纬度8.pacevi.缓慢而行；踱步；n.一步；步调；速度→keeppacewithsb./sth.与……步调一致，与……并驾齐驱9.midnightn.午夜；子夜→atmidnight在午夜10.beneathprep.在……下面→图解如下构词记忆法1.transportn.运送；运输；交通车辆，运输工具→transportvt.运输；运送2.disadvantagen.不利条件，不便之处→advantagen.有利条件；优势3.cyclevi.骑自行车→cyclingn.骑自行车运动→cyclistn.骑自行车的人4.finallyadv.最后；终于→finaladj.最终的，最后的；n.决赛5.organizevt.组织；成立→organizationn.组织，团体，机构6.determinevt.决定；确定；下定决心→determinedadj.坚决的；有决心的7.boilvi.(液体)沸腾；(水)开→boiledadj.沸腾/开过的→boilingadj.正在沸腾的8.forecastn.&vt.预测，预报→forecastern.预测者；天气预报员→(同义词)predict9.insurancen.保险→insurevt.给……保险，投保10.wooln.羊毛；毛织品→woollenadj.毛织的，羊毛的11.reliableadj.可信赖的；可靠的→relyvi.依靠语境助记法Thejournalistoftensaysaltitudereliesonattitude.Sincehisgraduation，hehasturnedmanydisadvantagesintoadvantagesforhisbeingdeterminedandevenstubborn.It’sforecastthathewillmakeacarefullyorganizedjourneytoatempleinavalley.Allhisparcelshavebeentransportedthereaheadofschedule.学情自测根据句意用框中所给词的适当形式填空attitude，transport，insurance，schedule，reliable，persuade，determine，fare，cycle，journal1.Heissostubbornthatnoonecanpersuadehimtodoanything.2.Adeterminedpersonalwaystriestofinishthejob，nomatterhowharditis.3.Iwantedtopaythetrainfare，butmyfriendinsisted.FinallyIgavein.4.Shepersuadedallofustocycletoworkinsteadoftakingthebus.5.Ireadaboutitinascientificjournal.6.What’syourattitudetowardhisplan？Isitpractical?7.TheywilltransportthegoodsfromShanghaitoJapannextweek.8.Iboughtanothersafetylockasanadditionalinsuranceagainstthieves.9.We’llbestoppinghereforlongerthanscheduled.10.Fromareliablesource，thenewshetolduswasnottrue.Ⅱ.短语与拓展1.careabout关心；忧虑；惦念→carefor照顾，照料；喜爱2.changeone’smind改变主意→keep/bear...inmind将……记在心中3.makeupone’smind(todosth.)下决心，决定(去做某事)→bedeterminedtodosth.决定去做某事(状态)4.givein投降；屈服；让步→giveout(vi.)用完，耗尽；(vt.)分发，散发；发出(光、热等)5.asusual照常，像往常一样→asfollows如下6.putup树立，建立；使升高；张贴→putaway把……放回原处/收起；积蓄，攒钱7.stayawake醒着→stayup熬夜学情自测根据语境选择上述短语的适当形式填空1.Don’tgive_intodifficulties.2.Shehasafewthousanddollarsput_awayforherretirement.3.Sincegettingtoknowhimbetter，I’vechanged_my_mindabouthim.4.CanyouimaginethattheCEOofPuTianSoftwareCompanydoesn’tcare_abouthisdress?5.Whowillcare_foryourchildifyouareout?6.Afteramonththeirfoodsuppliesgave_out.Ⅲ.教材与高考1.(教材原句)Ever_sincemiddleschool，mysisterWangWeiandIhave_dreamed_abouttakingagreatbiketrip.(P18)(2024·陕西，12)Hisfirstnovel________goodreviewssinceitcameoutlastmonth.A.receives B.isreceivingC.willreceive D.hasreceived命题思路此题考查动词时态在具体语境中的运用。选D项。变式训练I’msurehisfirstnovel________goodreviewswhenitcomesoutnextmonth.A.receives B.isreceivingC.willreceive D.hasreceived答案解析本变式虽然和原题在用词上差不多，但题干所提供的语境完全变了，动词时态的选用也就不同了。句意为：我敢肯定当他的第一本小说下个月出版时，将会受到良好的评价。根据语境及whenitcomesoutnextmonth，从句中用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，应选C项。2.(教材原句)WhenItoldherthe_air_would_be_hard_to_breathe...，shesaiditwouldbeaninterestingexperience.(P18)(2024·福建，27)ThedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheiPad2morecomfortable________.A.held B.holdingC.beheld D.tohold命题思路此题考查动词不定式作状语在具体语境中的运用。考查句式be＋easy/difficult/hard/comfortable＋todo...。答案为D项。变式训练Thedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheusersmoreeasily________theiPad2.A.held B.holdingC.hold D.tohold答案解析本变式在语用、语境上都发生了变化。句意为：厚度和重量与先前版本的不同使得使用者更加方便地拿着iPad2使用。此题考查make作使役动词后接复合宾语的用法，即makesb.dosth.，故正确答案选C。Ⅳ.经典课文原句1.Once_she_has_made_up_her_mind(一旦她下定决心),nothingcanchangeit.2.Itbecomesrapidsasitpassesthroughdeepvalleys，travelling_across_western_Yunnan_Province(流经云南西部).3.Adeterminedpersonalwaystriestofinishthejob，no_matter_how_hard_it_is(不管有多难).4.Alongthewaychildrendressed_in_long_wool_coats(穿着长羊皮大衣的)stoppedtolookatus.5.To_climb_the_mountains(爬山)washardworkbutaswelookedaroundus,weweresurprisedbytheview.6.That’swhat_we_looked_like(我们看起来像的样子)!Ⅴ.单元语法自测用所给动词的适当形式补全以下句子1.Bettyis_leaving(leave)forGuangzhoubyplaneat3∶00thisafternoon.2.TheBrownsare_going(go)toNorthChinabytrainnext3.Somefriendsare_coming(come)toAnne’sbirthdaypartythisevening.4.Myplaneis_taking_off/takes_off(takeoff)at9∶20，soImustbeattheairportby8∶30.5.Theyare_getting(get)therebyair.1.preferv.tolikeorwantsb.orsth.morethansb.orsth.else更喜爱；钟爱prefersb.todo...宁愿让某人做……preferdoingAtodoingB和做B相比更喜爱做AprefertodoAratherthandoB宁愿做A，而不愿做Bhaveapreferencefor喜爱，偏好……(1)Weprefertypedarticlesbetween1,000and2,000wordsinlength.(2024·北京，阅读B)长度在1000至2000个单词之间，我们更喜爱打印稿。(2)Ipreferhernottocome.我宁愿她不来。(3)Shepreferredtogowithusratherthanstaybehind.＝Shepreferredgoingwithustostayingbehind.她宁愿和我们一起去，而不愿留下。写作句组——总分值作文之佳句a.Withthedevelopmentofthemodernworld,moreandmorepeopleprefertovisitzoos. (2024·广东)b.Inaword,peoplewanttodothisjustbecausetheyloveanimals. (2024·广东)c.Butamongthesecourses,I’dliketolearncookingbest.(2024·上海)2.persuadev.tomakesb.dosth.bygivingthemgoodreasonsfordoingit劝说；说服；tomakesb.believethatsth.istrue使信服；使相信persuadesb.todosth.＝persuadesb.intodoingsth.说服某人做某事persuadesb.nottodosth.＝persuadesb.outofdoingsth.说服某人不做某事persuadesb.ofsth./that...使某人相信某事注意表示“试图说服某人做某事〞为trytopersuadesb.todosth.或advisesb.todosth.。(1)Topersuadepeopletoreducetheirwaste. (2024·湖北，阅读C)说服人们减少浪费。(2)Don’tletyourselfbepersuadedintobuyingthingsyoudon’treallywant.不要被说服去购置那些你其实不需要的东西。(3)WefinallypersuadedBenofthewisdomofthedecision.我们最终使本相信这个决定是明智的。3.determinev.todecidedefinitelytodosth.决定，决心；toofficiallydecideand/orarrangesth.确定determinetodo...决定做……表示动作determineon/upon决定determinesb.todo...使某人决定做……bedeterminedtodo...决心做……表示状态withdetermination坚决地；果断地(1)Shelleytakesherdanceteacherasarolemodelmainlybecausesheisdetermined. (2024·大纲全国卷，阅读E)Shelley把她的舞蹈老师看作是学习的典范主要是因为她是一个意志坚决的人。(2)Wedetermined_onanearlystart.我们决定早些动身。(3)Whatdeterminedhertomarryhim?是什么使她下决心嫁给他的？思考题“决定做某事〞的表达方式还有：make_up_one’s_mind_to_do...,_decide_to_do...,_make_a_determination_to_do...,_make_a_decision_to_do...等。对点自测Ⅰ.语境填词eq\x(prefer，determine，persuade)1.Iwouldpreferthatyou(should)notmentionmyname.2.Weshouldcarryouttheplanwithdetermination.3.Wetriedtopersuadehimtogiveupsmoking,buthewouldn’tlisten.Ⅱ.单项填空1.Mr.Greenhasneversmokedanymoresincehiswife________himtogiveitup.A.wanted B.persuadedC.advised D.suggested答案B2.________Sunday,ratherthan________athome,Ipreferred________.A.Itbeing；stay；totravelB.Being；tostay；totravelC.Havingbeen；stay；travelD.Itwas；tostay；traveling答案A3.________togiveupsmoking,hethrewawayhis________cigarettes.A.Determined；remainedB.Determined；remainingC.Determining；remainedD.Determining；remaining答案B1.careabout关心；介意；在乎；忧虑；惦念carefor喜爱/喜好……多用于否认句、疑问句；,照顾；照看Whocares？谁在乎？管它呢！takecareof＝lookafter照顾withcare小心地(1)Imadethechoicetowithdrawfromcollegetocareforher.(2024·天津·阅读B)我选择了退学来照料她。(2)Shethinksonlyofherself；shedoesn’tcare_aboutotherpeople.她只顾自己，不顾别人。(3)Hedoesn’tcareaboutanythingwemaysay.我们说什么他都不在乎。写作句组——总分值作文之佳句a.Wecanworkwondersifweuniteasafamily，caringforeachotherandhelpingthoseinneed. (2024·福建)b.Atfirst，Ididmostofthedutiesmyselfwhileotherstudentscaredlittleaboutclassactivities. (2024·湖北)c.Asamatteroffact，itisbecauseourparentscareaboutusthattheywanttoknowusbetter. (2024·安徽)2.makeupone’smind(s)下定决心changeone’smind改变主意bear/keep...inmind记住have...inmind考虑；打算call/bringsth.tomind回忆起某事keep/fixone’smindupon/on把注意力集中在……(1)AtonepointImadeupmymindtotalktoUncleSam.ThenIchangedmymind，realizingthathecoulddonothingtohelp.(2024·上海，33)在某个时候，我决心和Sam叔叔谈谈，接着我改变了主意，意识到他不能做任何事来帮助。(2)Maybeyou’llthinkitoverandchangeyourmind.也许你会好好想想并改变主意。(3)Oncehemakes_up_his_mind，nothingcanbedonetochangehismind.他一旦下定决心，就没有什么能使他改变主意。3.givein屈服；投降；让步；上交giveintosb./sth.对某人/某事物让步giveaway赠送；泄露；出卖giveback归还；回报giveoff放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、光、声音)giveout分发；用完，消耗尽，筋疲力尽(1)Itseemsthattheworldalwaysgivesbacktoyouwhenyouneedit.(2024·安徽，完形)这个世界似乎总是在你需要它的时候回报于你。(2)Shewouldratherdiethangive_in.她宁死不屈。(3)Hehasgivenintomyviews.他被迫接受了我的观点。思考题其他与give相关的短语：give_up放弃/give_over移交/give_way_to给……让路4.Eversincemiddleschool，mysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakingagreatbiketrip.自高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次了不起的自行车旅行。句式提取：完成时＋eversince常用句型：Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since＋从句从句用一般过去时自从……有多长时间了since后跟的是一个时间点，当从句中的动词是非延续性动词时，表示从这个动作开始计时；假设从句中的动词是延续性的动词或状态时，那么表示从这个动作或状态结束的时间算起。(1)Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong­lived，dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboureversincethe18thcentury. (2024·重庆·阅读C)虽然对灰尘优点的相信长期存在，但自从18世纪以来灰尘不再被当作一个好邻居。(2)Ever_since_getting/I_got_to_know_you，Ican’tstopthinkingaboutyou.自从认识了你，我无时无刻不想你。(3)Itis/hasbeen3yearssinceIjoinedthearmy.我当兵已经三年了。5.Althoughshedidn’tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces，sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.尽管她对去某些地方的最正确路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。句式提取：insistthatsb.(should)dosth.insistondoingsth.坚持要求做某事insistthat...坚持说，坚持认为真实语气(1)Butfortheteacherwhokeptinsistingonmy“goingforit〞，Iwouldn’thavedecidedtogiveitatry. (2024·北京，完形)假设不是老师坚持让我争取的话，我才不会决定去尝试它呢。(2)Iinsistthatyoutakeanimmediateactiontoputthisright.我坚决要求你立刻采取行动把这件事情处理好。(3)Theyoungmaninsistedthathe_hadn’t_stolenthegirl’shandbag.那个年轻人坚持说他没有偷那女孩的包。对点自测Ⅰ.选词填空eq\x(makeupone’sminds，careabout，givein)1.Igave_intotemptationandhadacigarette.2.Haveyoumade_up_your_mindwhattodoyet?3.Althoughhehasalotofmoney，hedoesn’tcare_abouthisclothes.Ⅱ.完成句子1.约翰容许医生他不再吸烟了，从那以后，他再也没有吸过烟。Johnpromisedhisdoctorhewouldnotsmoke，andhe_has_never_smoked_ever_since.2.我坚决要求你准时去那里。Iinsistthatyou_(should)_go_there_on_time.Ⅲ.单项填空1.Thoughtheymetwithmuchdifficulty，theteam______togoonwiththeexperiment.A.changedtheirmindsB.madeuptheirmindsC.tooktheirmindsD.gavetheirminds答案B2.Theman________onataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.A.advised B.suggestedC.insisted D.persuaded答案C3.Ifwe________tohim，hewillonlymakefurtherdemands.A.giveup B.giveawayC.giveout D.givein答案D4.Asisreported，itis100years________QinghuaUniversitywasfounded.A.when B.beforeC.after D.since答案D5.Idon’t________whatotherpeoplethink.A.callfor B.applyforC.careabout D.carefor答案C

课时标准训练Ⅰ.单项填空(建议用时8′)1．—DoyouknowLiMing?—LiMing？Whichone？Iknow________LiMinginourclassverywell.Heis________LeiFengofourtimes.A．/；/ B．a；aC．a；the D．the；the2．Theoldworkerinsistedthathe________old，and________backtotheworkingpostagain.A．wasn’t；besent B．wasn’t；wassentC．benot；send D．isn’t；sent3．Hissisterlefthomein1998，and________eversince.A．hadnotbeenheardofB．hasnotbeenheardofC．hadnotheardofD．hasnotheardof4．Ifapersonhasnothadenoughsleep，hisactionswillgivehim________duringtheday.A．away B．upC．in D．back5．Aftertheearthquake，theinjuredwerecared________inthelocalhospitalsortakenbyairtothehospitalsintheneighbouringcities.A．of B．for C．after D．with6．Whatgreattroubletheboyhad________hisfathertoquitsmoking！A．persuaded B．persuadeC．topersuade D．persuading7．Hewasdeterminedthathischildren________tothebestschoolavailable.A．shouldgo B．wentC．oughttogo D．wouldgo8．Heprefers________indoors________outthisafternoon.A．tostay；togoB．staying；togoingC．staying；togoD．tostay；togoing9．Hedecidedthathewoulddriveallthewayhomeinsteadof________atahotelforthenight.A．puttingdown B．puttingoffC．puttingon D．puttingup10．Nomatterhow________，itisnotnecessarilylifeless. (2024·辽宁，25)A．adesertmaybedryB．dryadesertmaybeC．mayadesertbedryD．drymayadesertbe11．Hestaysuptoolateeverynight，________tocatchupwithhisclassmates.A．determined B．beingdeterminedC．todetermine D．determine12．Towriteagoodarticleyoumustfirst________yourideasverycarefully.A．organize B．settleC．report D．speak13．________thepolicethoughthewasthemostlikelyone，sincetheyhadnoexactproofaboutit，theycouldnotarresthim. A．Although B．AslongasC．Ifonly D．Assoonas14．Myheadache________me.Ithoughtitwasgoingaway，butnowit’sgettingworseandworse.A．iskilling B．waskillingC．kills D．killed15．—I’mafraidthatshewon’tcometohelpmeasshepromised.—Don’tworry.Nothingwill______hermindifshehas______uphermind.A．change；made B．turn；doneC．grow；given D．make；changedⅡ.阅读理解(建议用时6′)DeathValleyisoneofthemostfamousdesertsintheUnitedStates，coveringawideareawithitsalkalisand.Almost20percentofthisareaiswellbelowsealevel，andBadwater，asaltwaterpool，isabout280feetbelowsealevelandthelowestpointintheUnitedStates.LongagothePanamintIndianscalledthisplace“Tomesha〞—thelandoffire.DeathValley’spresentnamedatesbackto1849，whenagroupofminerscomingacrossfromNevadabecamelostinitsunpleasantnessandhugenessandtheiradventureturnedouttobeasadstory.TodayDeathValleyhasbeendeclaredaNationalMonumentandiscrossedbyseveralwell­markedroadswheregoodservicescanbefoundeasily.Luckilythechangecreatedbyhumansettlementhashardlyruinedthespecialbeautyofthisplace.Herenaturecreatedalotofsurprisingthings，almostlikethesightsonthemoon，ever­changingasthefrequentwindmovesthesandabout，showingthemostunusualcolors.OneofthemostastonishingandvariablepartsofDeathValleyistheDevil’sGolfCourse，whereitseemshardforonetotellrealityfromterribledreams.Sandsculpturesstandonafrighteningground，aseveningshadowsmoveandlengthen.1．________isthelowestplaceinthedesert.A．Tomesha B．DeathC．Nevada D．Badwater2．Thenameofthevalleycomesfrom________.A．anIndiannameB．thedeathoftheminersC．thelocalpeopleD．aNationalMonument3．Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat________.A．noonehadeverknownthedesertbeforetheminersB．it’sstillnoteasytotravelacrossthedesertC．peoplecanfindgas­stations，cafesandhotelsinthedesertD．peoplehavechangedthenaturalsightsofthedesert4．DevilGolfCourseisfamousfor________.A．thefrequentwindB．thecolorsofthesandC．dream­likesightsD．thesandsculptures5．Fromthepassagewecanseethatthewriter________theDeathA．appreciates B．isfearfulofC．dislikes D．istiredofⅢ.阅读表达(建议用时13′)VitaminDhelpsbonesandmusclesgrowstrongandhealthy.LowlevelsofvitaminDcanleadtoproblemslikerickets(佝偻病)andosteoporosis(骨质疏松)．Ricketsisadeformitymainlyfoundinchildren.Osteoporosisisthethinningofbone，acommonproblemaspeople，especiallywomen，whentheygetolder.StudiesinrecentyearshavesuggestedthatvitaminDmayalsohaveotheruses.________thatlowlevelsofvitaminDmayincreasetheriskofheartattacksinmenanddeathsfromsomecancers.OtherstudieshaveshownthatpeoplewithrheumaticdiseasesoftenhavelowlevelsofvitaminD.TheeasiestwaytogetvitaminDisfromsunlight.Theultravioletraysreactwithskincellstoproducethevitamin.Butmanypeopleworryaboutskincancerandskindamagefromthesun.Also，darkerskinnedpeopleproducelessvitaminDthanlighterskinnedpeople.Productionalsodecreasesinolderpeopleandthoselivinginnorthernareasthatgetlesssunlight.NotmanyfoodsnaturallycontainvitaminD．Foodswithhighlevelsincludeoilyfishsuchassalmon，tunaandmackerel，andfishliveroils.BostonUniversityresearchersreportedin2024thatfarmedsalmonhadalotlessvitaminDthanwildSmallamountsofvitaminDarefoundinbeefliver，cheeseandeggyolks.Andsomepeopletakedietarysupplementscontainingthevitamin.ButmostofthevitaminDintheAmericandietcomesfromfoodslikemilkwiththevitaminadded.The