高考英语一轮复习题型组合训练（Day1）

2022届高考英语一轮复习题型组合训练（Day1）今日训练内容：完型填空+阅读理解+七选五阅读一、完型填空Myfamilywentonholidayforaweekthissummer.Iwassurprisedtolearnthesleeping1forthenight—myyoungdaughterhadagreedtosleepinafirstfloorbedroombyherself.Aswe2,wediscussedthedeerwehad3onourway.“Ihopewecouldseeabearortwothis4!”mywifeshouted.Atbedtime,mywifeandIwenttotheupstairsroom,andmyparentsinlaw(岳父母)headedfora5onthefirstfloor.MywifeandIwereabouttosleepwhenourdaughterappearedwitha/an6lookonherface.Shesaida7wasscratching(刮出刺耳声)atherwindow.IdecideditwouldbebestifIsleptdownstairsandmydaughtersharedtheroomwithmywife.Onmywaydown,Ipassedmyfatherinlaw,asleepinfrontofthe8.IwasinbedonlyafewminuteswhenIheardatap…taponthewindowoutside.Somethingwasindeedoutthere.9,itwasn’tabear—Itoldmyself.Ifellasleepsoon.Sometimelater,Iwas10byastrangesound.Isawalarge11inthedoorwayandfrozeasit12closertome.Irealizedwhatitwas—onlyaftermyfatherinlawbentdowntogivemeakiss.“It’sDavid.”Myfatherinlawjumpedback.Welaughed13attheawkwardmoment,andIexplainedhisgranddaughter’sbedroom14.Itoldhimthattheonlything15thanabearattackwasPapaBearingintokissmegoodnight.1．A．schedules B．arrangements C．plots D．routines2．A．settledin B．brokein C．lookeddown D．calmeddown3．A．shot B．hunted C．trained D．spotted4．A．evening B．week C．month D．year5．A．study B．kitchen C．bedroom D．bathroom6．A．worried B．embarrassed C．delighted D．satisfied7．A．dog B．deer C．cat D．bear8．A．house B．television C．door D．fire9．A．Besides B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．However10．A．awakened B．interrupted C．impressed D．struck11．A．figure B．person C．animal D．ghost12．A．climbed B．jumped C．inched D．rolled13．A．eagerly B．sincerely C．secretly D．nervously14．A．preference B．switch C．difference D．choice15．A．prettier B．funnier C．scarier D．stranger二、阅读理解ADiversityintheoutdoors:StudentsGroupThursday,October8,2021,2—3:30pmASIPeakAdventuresisexcitedtohostadiscussionondiversityinoutdooractivities.Peoplefromsomeculturalbackgroundsarehistoricallyfewerinoutdoorleisure,butthetideischanging.Moreandmorepeoplefromallbackgroundsareinteractingwithnature.Inthisgroup,studentswilldiscusswhattheoutdoorsmeanstothemandshareadventurestories.LocationVirtual—ZOOMNoMan’sLandFilmFestivalFriday,October23,2021,6—11pmASIPeakAdventuresisexcitedtosupportandhostavirtualshowingoftheNoMan’sLandFilmFestival.Whilewecannotallbetogetheroncampusjustyet,wecanallbetogetherinmunitywatchingwomenfascinatedintheoutdoors.Thesefilmswillinspireyoutopromotethewomeninyourlifeandpossiblyyournextbigadventure!Thiseventisfreeforstudentsandthereisa$10suggesteddonation.LetNoMan’sLandFilmFestivalkickoffyourweekend!LocationVirtual—ZOOMYellowstoneThursday,December3,2021,4—4:30pmJoinusandexploreYellowstoneNationalParkfromthefortofyourownhome.Withourprovidedvirtualtour,eandseesomeofthefamousmainattractionsaroundthepark.Throughoutyouradventure,youcanlearnaboutthehistoryandnaturethatinhabitthepark.AlsoincludedissomeadditionalinformationaboutvisitingYellowstoneinperson.Wehopetoseeyouonourtour!LocationVirtual—ZOOM16．Whatwillthestudentsdointhegroup?A．Listsomeinterestingoutdooractivities.B．Workoutthemeaningofchangingtide.C．Tellsomeadventurestoriestoeachother.D．Dosomehistoricaloutdooractivities.17．WhatisspecialaboutNoMan’sLandFilmFestival?A．itchargesstudents$10fordonation.B．itfocusesonwomen’slovefortheoutdoors.C．itwillbeheldoncampusatweekends.D．itadmitswomen’sadventurersforthefestival.18．Whatdothethreeactivitieshaveinmon?A．Theyareallfreeforstudents. B．Theyalllastthesameperiod.C．Theyarealloutdooractivities. D．Theyareallonlineactivities.BAllthroughschool,Ihadonlyoneclosefriend.Wespentyearstogether,essentiallyjoinedatthehip.ButthenGregmovedaway,anditwouldtakemorethan50yearstobringustogetheragain.Aschildren,GregandIdoveintoeverythingwithpassion.Weracedourbikesandillustratedourownicbooks.Weevenbecameattractedtothesameblondegirlfromaroundthecorner,asixthgradernamedJoannewhobarelyknewweexisted.ThelasttimeIsawGregwassometimein1966.Ican’trecallsayinggoodbyebeforehemoved.Butthen,afewsummersago,Isawafamiliarwoman.“Excuseme.WouldyournamehappentobeJoanne?”“Uh,yes…”Shedidn’trecognizemeuntilIexplainedwhoIwas.Wehadn’texchangedmorethanafewdozenwordsinourentirelifetime.“HaveyoustayedintouchwithGreg?”sheasked.Iwassurprisedsheevenknewofourfriendship.“No.Ihaven’t,”Iadmitted.“IwishIhad.”BackatthecabinIcheckedmymessages.Iglancedatoneemail,andthenreaditfromstarttofinish.TheemailwasfromGreg.Greghadtrackedmedownthroughsocialmedia.Hewasnowmarried,hadtwochildrenandhadbeeamusicianandentrepreneur(企业家).Weexchangedseveralemailsbeforeconnectingbyphone.Amonthlater,mywifeandIdrovetomeetGregandhisfamily.Standingathisfrontdoor,Ifeltunsureofwhattosayordo.Somuchtimehadpassed.Butafterhugsandintroductions,theyearsdissolvedasweexchangedstoriesaboutourlives.IhadbroughtalongtheonlypictureIcouldfindcontainingthetwoofusfrommysixthbirthday.Ashegazedatthephoto,Greghandedmeasmall,oldcard:Greg’sinvitationtomysixthbirthdayparty,signed“FromDonnie”infadedbluecrayon.Therewereafewotherkeepsakes(纪念品)sharedthatevening,butnoneasmeaningfulastheinvitationandthesnapshot,panionpiecesstoredapartandsavedforthereunionoftwooldfriends.19．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A．WhatkindofpersonGregwas.B．HowadventuroustheauthorandGregwere.C．WhytheauthorandGreglostcontact.D．HowclosetheauthorandGregwereinchildhood.20．HowdidtheauthorprobablyfeelwhenJoanneaskedhimaboutGreg?A．Regretful. B．Thankful.C．Satisfactory. D．Unfortunate.21．Whydidtheauthorconsidertheinvitationandsnapshotmeaningful?A．Theyweregiftsfromtheauthor’ssixthbirthday.B．Theyinvolvedasenseofhistoryandmystery.C．Theywitnessedtwooldfriends’separationandreunion.D．Theywerethoughttobelostbutwerefinallyfound.22．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotelluswiththetext?A．Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.B．Amanisknownbythefriendshekeeps.C．Friendshipcanwithstandthetestoftime.D．Childhoodfriendshipisthetruestformoffriendship.CInordertohelpdiscoverspoilageandreducefoodwasteforsupermarketsandconsumers,researchershavedevelopednewlowcost,smartphonelinked,ecofriendlyspoilagesensorsformeatandfishpackaging.OneinthreeUKconsumersthrowawayfoodjustbecauseitreachestheusebydate,but60%ofthe£12.5billionworthoffoodwethrowawayeachyearissafetoeat.Theresearchers,whosefindingswerepublishedinACSSensors,saythesensorscouldalsoeventuallyreplacetheusebydate—awidelyusedindicatorofbeingfreshandeatable.ThesensorscosttwoUScentseachtomake.Knownas“paperbasedelectricalgassensors(PEGS)”,theydetectspoilagegaseslikeammonia(apoisonousgaswithastrongunpleasantsmell)inmeatandfishproducts.Theinformationprovidedbytheelectronicnoseisreceivedbyasmartphone,andthenyoucanknowwhetherthefoodisfreshandsafetoeat.TheImperialCollegeLondonresearcherswhodevelopedPEGSmadethesensorsbyprintingcarbonelectrodesontoaspecialtypeofpaper.Thematerialsareecofriendlyandharmless,sotheydon’tdamagetheenvironmentandaresafetouseinfoodpackaging.Thesensors,binedwithatinyelectronicsystem,theninformnearbymobiledevices,whichidentifyandunderstandthedataaboutspoilagegases.LeadauthorDrFiratGuderofImperial’sDepartmentofBioengineering,said,“Althoughthey’redesignedtokeepussafe,usebydatescanleadtoeatablefoodbeingthrownaway.Theydon’talwaysreflectitsactualfreshness.Infact,peopleoftengetsickfromfoodbornediseasesduetopoorstorage,evenwhenanitemiswithinitsusebydate.”“Thesesensorsarecheapenoughsowehopetoseesupermarketsusingthemwithinthreeyears.OurgoalistousePEGSinfoodpackagingtoreduceunnecessaryfoodwaste.”TheauthorshopethatPEGScouldhaveapplicationsbeyondfoodprocessing,likesensingchemicalsinagriculture,airquality,anddetectingdiseasemarkersinbreathlikethoseinvolvedinkidneydisease.23．WhatisthefunctionofPEGSaccordingtothetext?A．Toimprovethetasteoffoods. B．Toimprovetheserviceofstores.C．Tohelpsupermarketsstorefoods. D．Tohelppeopletestfoodfreshness.24．WhatroledoesthesmartphoneplaywhilePEGSarefunctioning?A．Itactsasanelectronicnose. B．ItreadsthedatacollectedbyPEGS.C．Ithelpsprintthegassensorsontopaper. D．Itdiscoversthespoilagegasesfromfoods.25．WhatdoesDr.FiratGudersayaboutusebydates?A．Theyarenotpletelyreliable. B．Theycanhelpreducefoodwaste.C．Theyarebasedonscientificresearch. D．Theyarenotacceptedbytheconsumers.26．Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthetext?A．Theprocessofresearchingspoilagesensors.B．Anewtechnologyinpackagingtoreducefoodwaste.C．Theapplicationofspoilagesensorsbeyondfoodprocessing.D．Theinfluenceofusebydatesonsupermarketsandconsumers.DDiseasecarryingmosquitoescanspreaddiseaseswithoutaffectingthemselves.Nearly700millionpeoplegetamosquitoborneillnesseachyear,whichresultsinoveronemilliondeaths.Humansexperiencecontinuouspressuresfromdiseasecarryingmosquitoesinmanypartsoftheworld,sowehavetofindwaystofightagainstthoseinsectsbecausetheykeepgettingscarier.EventhoughDEETremainsthemostmonlyused,andmostpowerful,mosquitorepellenteverdeveloped,scientistsareactivelypursuingeffectiveproductsbasedentirelyonplantoils.WhileDEETisaneffectivecontactrepellent,manypeopledisliketheoilyfeelandsmellontheirskin,andsometimessomepeoplearesensitivetoit.ConsumersarealwaysinterestedinalternativestoDEETandothersyntheticrepellents,sotherearenumerousnaturalrepellentsonthemarket.InhislabatIowaStateUniversity,Dr.JoelCoatsandhisteamhavesuccessfullytestedtheserepellentsagainstthreespeciesofdangerousmosquitoes.Thefirstgroupofthenewrepellentsactthroughtheair.Thesechemicalshaveavaporactionthatprovidesprotection,andtheyarecalled“spatial”repellents,sincetheyactthroughspace.Thesearepotentiallymostusefulinbackyards,parks,andhouses.Theothergrouparetheclassiconesthatstopinsectsfromstandingonatreatedsurface,suchashumanskin,clothingortents;collaboratorsattheUSDAARSandBioGentshaveconductedtestingwithhumanstoconfirmtheeffectivenessandidentifytheverybestones.Thenewrepellentsweredesignedandmadefromthenaturalmaterialsinplantessentialoils.Theymaintainmanyoftheadvantagesofthenaturalrepellents:Theyarefullybiodegradable,withnoecologicalconcernsorenvironmentalwastes,andgenerallyconsideredsafelikethethousandsoftypesofplantessentialoilsusedintheflavorandperfumeindustries.However,thoroughtestingwillbeconductedtodetermineiftheyaretrulynonpoisonousbecausethereisstillnoenoughevidence.27．Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoshowinparagraph1?A．Thewaymosquitoesspreaddisease.B．Thehighdeathrateofmosquitoborneillness.C．Thedifficultyoffightingdiseasecarryingmosquitoes.D．Theurgencyoffindingtoolstofightagainstmosquitoes.28．WhatisadisadvantageofDEET?A．Itwon’tbeeffectiveforlong. B．Itcan’tbeapplieduniversally.C．Itcausesdisforttotheusers. D．Itgreatlyharmspeople’shealth.29．Whatcanwelearnaboutthesecondgroupofthenewrepellents?A．Theycankillmosquitoesindirectly. B．Theyaremainlyusedintheopenair.C．Theyaremoreeffectiveonhumanskin. D．Theycanpreventmosquitoesfromcontactingusers.30．What’stheauthor’sattitudetothenewrepellents?A．Subjective. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Disapproving.三、七选五阅读NationalNappingDay:reasonsyoushouldnap.Findingthetimetorecoveramongdailyresponsibilitiescanbehard,butnappinghasbenefitsthatcouldhelpyoulevelupinyouroverallhealthandproductivity.31．Inotherwords,ifyoufeellikecallingitadayandfeelingsleepy,don’tfeelbad.32．Takinganaponceortwiceaweekcouldlowertheriskofheartattacksorstrokes,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalHeart.Aftertrackingmorethan3,400peoplebetweentheagesof35and75forslightlymorethanfiveyears,theresearchersfoundthatthosewholikedoccasionalnappingonceortwiceaweek,forfiveminutestoanhourwere48%lesslikelytoexperienceaheartattack,strokeorheartfailurethanthosewhodidn’tnapatall.Itmightevenhelpyougetintoshape.A2020studyfocusingonwomenfoundthemoresleepdeprived(失眠)thewomenwere,themorelikelytheyweretoconsumeaddedsugar,fattyfoodsandcaffeine.33．That’sbecauseinadequatesleepisbelievedtostimulatehungerandsuppresshormonesignalsthatmunicatefullness.Nappinghasbeenfoundtoboostyourcreativity.34．InaJanuary2020studyof2,214Chineseadultsages60andolder,participantswhotookafternoonnapsforfiveminutestotwohoursshowedbettermentalabilitythanthosewhodidn’tnap.Nappingmaynotensuresuccessineveryaspectofyourlife,butitcouldimproveyourhealthandchargeyourbrain'sbatteries.35．A．Nowgoliedown.B．You'llhavelowerriskforheartproblems.C．Takinganapmaymakeyourbrainmorealert.D．Alackofqualitysleepcouldleadtoovereating.E.Ashortnapmayalsomakeyoufeelmorerelaxed.F.Therightsideofyourbrainmayexperienceamentalsparkduringanap.G.Itmeansthereisnoreasontofeelasifyou’relazyfortakingaquicknap.2022届高考英语一轮复习综合训练参考答案一、完型填空115：BADBCADBDAACDBC【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者一家度假时，小女儿同意自己睡在一楼的卧室里，结果正要睡觉时女儿说有熊在抓她的窗户，于是作者和女儿换了房间。作者睡着后被奇怪的声音吵醒，结果是岳父，他本来是想给孙女晚安吻的，结果不知道作者和女儿换了房间，两人都尴尬地笑了。1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：得知当晚的睡觉安排时，我很惊讶——我的小女儿同意自己睡在一楼的卧室里。A.schedules时间表；B.arrangements安排；C.plots情节；D.routines常规。根据后文“myyoungdaughterhadagreedtosleepinafirstfloorbedroombyherself”提到小女儿同意睡在一楼的卧室，可推测是做睡觉房间的安排，故选B。2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：歇下后，我们谈起路上看到的那只鹿。A.settledin迁入，歇息；B.brokein闯入；C.lookeddown往下看；D.calmeddown平静下来。上文提到做睡觉安排，可推测此处是指他们歇息下以后开始谈论路上看到的鹿。故选A。3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：歇下后，我们谈起路上看到的那只鹿。A.shot发射；B.hunted狩猎；C.trained训练；D.spotted发现。根据上文“wediscussedthedeerwehad”指路上看到的鹿，应用spot。故选D。4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望这周能看到一两只熊！A.evening晚上；B.week周；C.month月；D.year年。呼应第一段中“Myfamilywentonholidayforaweekthissummer.”指度假这一周看到熊。故选B。5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：睡觉的时候，我和妻子去了楼上的房间，岳父岳母去了一楼的卧室。A.study书房；B.kitchen厨房；C.bedroom卧室；D.bathroom浴室。根据上文“Atbedtime”可知睡觉时间应当是去卧室休息。故选C。6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和妻子正要睡觉时，我们的女儿出现了，脸上带着忧虑的神情。A.worried担心的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.delighted高兴的；D.satisfied满意的。后文提到女儿说有熊在抓窗户，可知女儿是带着忧虑的神情。故选A。7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说有只熊在抓她的窗户。A.dog狗；B.deer鹿；C.cat猫；D.bear熊。根据后文“itwasn’tabear—Itoldmyself”可知女儿以为是熊在抓窗户。故选D。8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我下楼的路上，我遇到了在电视机前睡觉的岳父。A.house房子；B.television电视；C.door门；D.fire火。根据上文“asleepinfrontofthe”结合当时是在室内，推测岳父是在电视机前睡着了。故选B。9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我告诉自己，那不是一只熊。A.Besides此外；B.Therefore因此；C.Otherwise否则；D.However然而。上文提到确实有东西在那里，后文说告诉自己那不是一只熊，前后为转折关系，应用however。故选D。10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，我被一个奇怪的声音吵醒了。A.awakened唤醒；B.interrupted打断；C.impressed使印象深刻；D.struck罢工。根据后文“byastrangesound”指被奇怪的声音吵醒，awaken符合语境。故选A。11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到门口有一个巨大的身影，当它一点点靠近我时，我愣住了。A.figure身影；B.person人；C.animal动物；D.ghost鬼。根据后文“onlyaftermyfatherinlawbentdowntogivemeakiss”可知作者一开始看到一个巨大的身影在门口，故选A。12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到门口有一个巨大的身影，当它一点点靠近我时，我愣住了。A.climbed攀爬；B.jumped跳跃；C.inched缓慢前进；D.rolled滚动。根据后文“closertome.Irealizedwhatitwas—onlyaftermyfatherinlawbentdowntogivemeakiss”作者看清那个身影是岳父，可推测这个身影缓慢靠近了作者。故选C。13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这尴尬的时刻，我们都紧张地笑了起来，我向他解释他的孙女换了卧室。A.eagerly急切地；B.sincerely真诚地；C.secretly秘密地；D.nervously紧张地。根据上文““It’sDavid.”Myfatherinlawjumpedback.”可知岳父本来是想亲吻孙女，结果发现是作者，所以在这尴尬的时刻，他们都紧张地笑了起来，故选D。14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这尴尬的时刻，我们都紧张地笑了起来，我向他解释他的孙女换了卧室。A.preference偏爱；B.switch转换；C.difference差异；D.choice选择。呼应上文“Isleptdownstairsandmydaughtersharedtheroomwithmywife.”作者和女儿换了房间。故选B。15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他，唯一比熊袭击更可怕的事情就是熊爸爸来和我晚安吻。A.prettier更美的；B.funnier更有趣的；C.scarier更吓人的；D.stranger更陌生的。根据后文“thanabearattackwasPapaBearingintokissmegoodnight”结合上文作者看到门口巨大身影时的反应，可知此处指比熊袭击更可怕的事情就是熊爸爸来和自己晚安吻。故选C。二、阅读理解16．C17．B18．D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章向读者介绍了三种在线活动：户外多样性：学生组，无人区电影节和黄石公园的相关信息。16．细节理解题。由Diversityintheoutdoors:StudentsGroup中的“Inthisgroup,studentswilldiscusswhattheoutdoorsmeanstothemandshareadventurestories.(在这个小组里，学生们将讨论户外活动对他们意味着什么，并分享冒险故事)”可知，学生在小组里互相讲一些冒险故事。故选C项。17．细节理解题。由NoMan’sLandFilmFestival中的“Thesefilmswillinspireyoutopromotethewomeninyourlifeandpossiblyyournextbigadventure!(这些电影将激励你提升你生活中的女性，也可能是你的下一次大冒险！)”可知，无人区电影节关注女性对户外运动的热爱。故选B项。18．细节理解题。根据原文每一段后面都有“LocationVirtual—ZOOM(虚拟位置——缩放)”可知，这三种活动的共同点是它们都是虚拟地点，都是在线活动。故选D项。19．D20．A21．C22．C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者以前在学校里的一个密友格雷格，两人在一起度过了很多年，从不分开。多年后，格雷格通过社交媒体找到作者并发来电子邮件。因此，得以重聚。格雷格掏出了珍藏多年的请帖和快照，这些物品见证了两位老朋友的分离和重聚。19．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Aschildren,GregandIdoveintoeverythingwithpassion.Weracedourbikesandillustratedourownicbooks.Weevenbecameattractedtothesameblondegirlfromaroundthecorner,asixthgradernamedJoannewhobarelyknewweexisted.”（当我们还是孩子的时候，Greg和我就满怀激情地投身于毎一件事。我们骑自行车比賽，给自己的漫画书配插图。我们甚至被同一个金发女孩吸引住了，她住在街角，是一个六年级的女孩，名叫乔安妮，她几乎不知道我们的存在）可知，第二段主要讲了作者和Greg童年时的亲密关系。故选D项。20．推理判断题。根据文章第五段最后两句“HaveyoustayedintouchwithGreg？sheasked.Iwassurprisedsheevenknewofourfriendship.”（你和Greg保持联系了吗？她问。我很惊讶她竟然知道我们的友谊。）和第六段“No,Ihaven't,"Iadmitted."IwishIhad.”（不，我没有，我承认，我希望我联系了。）可知，当Joanne问起作者是否还与Greg保持联系时，作者表示他倒是希望他能和Greg保持联系，但是他却没有，因此可以推断出对于没能够和Greg保持联系，作者感到十分后悔。A.Regretful后悔的；B.Thankful感激的；C.Satisfactory满意的；D.Unfortunate不幸的。通过分析语境可知，A项“后悔的”符合本段语境。故选A项。21．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Therewereafewotherkeepsakessharedthatevening,butnoneasmeaningfulastheinvitationandthesnapshot,panionpiecesstoredapartandsavedforthereunionoftwooldfriends.”（那天晚上，大家还分享了一些其他的纪念品，但没有一个像邀请函和照片那样有意义，它们被分开存放，是为了迎接两位老朋友的重逢）可推知，作者认为邀请函和照片有意义是因为他们见证了两个朋友的分离和团聚。故选C项。22．推理判断题。根据阅读全文可知本文主要讲述了作者小时候和Greg是非常好的朋友但是后来Greg搬走了，然后他们就失去了联系。之后作者看到了Greg发来的邮件，并重新与他取得了联系并到Greg家中做客，作者拿出了他们在作者六岁生日上拍的一张照片，而Greg拿出了生日派对的邀请函，这两份礼物对于作者来说十分重要。可推知，作者与Greg从小便是朋友，而他们长大后再次相遇仍然是朋友，因此作者是想告诉我们，友谊是可以经受住时间的考验的。故选C项。23．D24．B25．A26．B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以减少食物浪费的新技术，名为“纸质电气气体传感器（PEGS）”。介绍了这种技术的工作方式以及人们对此技术未来应用领域的看法。23．细节理解题。根据第四段“ThesensorscosttwoUScentseachtomake.Knownas“paperbasedelectricalgassensors(PEGS)”,theydetectspoilagegaseslikeammonia(apoisonousgaswithastrongunpleasantsmell)inmeatandfishproducts.Theinformationprovidedbytheelectronicnoseisreceivedbyasmartphone,andthenyoucanknowwhetherthefoodisfreshandsafetoeat.(每个传感器的制造成本为2美分。它们被称为“纸质电气气体传感器（PEGS）”，可以检测出肉类和鱼类产品中的氨气（一种有强烈难闻气味的有毒气体）等腐败气体。电子鼻子提供的信息被智能接收，然后你就可以知道食物是否新鲜和安全的食用)”可知，PEGS的功能是帮助人们检测食物的新鲜度。故选D。24．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Thesensors,binedwithatinyelectronicsystem,theninformnearbymobiledevices,whichidentifyandunderstandthedataaboutspoilagegases.(这些传感器与一个微型电子系统结合，然后通知附近的移动设备，这些移动设备可以识别并了解有关变质气体的数据)”可知，当PEGS运行时，智能的作用是读取PEGS收集的数据。故选B。25．推理判断题。根据第六段“LeadauthorDrFiratGuderofImperial’sDepartmentofBioengineering,said,“Althoughthey’redesignedtokeepussafe,usebydatescanleadtoeatablefoodbeingthrownaway.Theydon’talwaysreflectitsactualfreshness.Infact,peopleoftengetsickfromfoodbornediseasesduetopoorstorage,evenwhenanitemiswithinitsusebydate.”(帝国理工大学生物工程系的第一作者FiratGuder博士说：“尽管保质期是为了保护我们的安全，但它可能导致可食用的食物被扔掉。它们并不总是反映它的实际新鲜度。事实上，人们经常会因为储存不当而患上食源性疾病，即使是在保质期内。”)”可推知，FiratGuder博士认为保质期不是完全可靠的。故选A。26．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Inordertohelpdiscoverspoilageandreducefoodwasteforsupermarketsandconsumers,researchershavedevelopednewlowcost,smartphonelinked,ecofriendlyspoilagesensorsformeatandfishpackaging.(为了帮助超市和消费者发现食物的腐败现象，减少食物浪费，研究人员开发了一种新型低成本、智能连接、环保的腐败传感器，用于肉类和鱼类的包装)”结合文章主要介绍了一种可以减少食物浪费的新技术，名为“纸质电气气体传感器（PEGS）”。介绍了这种技术的工作方式以及人们对此技术未来应用领域的看法。可知，作者在文中主要谈到了减少食物浪费的包装新技术。故选B。27．D28．C29．D30．B【解析】这是一篇说明文。在世界许多地方，人类承受着携带疾病的蚊子的持续压力，所以我们必须找到对付这些昆虫的方法，因为它们变得越来越可怕。文章主要介绍了三种类型的驱虫剂以及它们各自的特点。27．推理判断题。根据第一段“Diseasecarryingmosquitoescanspreaddiseaseswithoutaffectingthemselves.Nearly700millionpeoplegetamosquitoborneillnesseachyear,whichresultsinoveronemilliondeaths.Humansexperiencecontinuouspressuresfromdiseasecarryingmosquitoesinmanypartsoftheworld,sowehavetofindwaystofightagainstthoseinsectsbecausetheykeepgettingscarier.(携带疾病的蚊子可以传播疾病而不影响自身。每年有近7亿人感染由蚊子传播的疾病，导致超过100万人死亡。在世界许多地方，人类承受着携带疾病的蚊子的持续压力，所以我们必须找到对付这些昆虫的方法，因为它们变得越来越可怕)”可推知，作者在第一段主要想表达找到对付蚊子的工具的紧迫性。故选D。28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“WhileDEETisaneffectivecontactrepellent,manypeopledisliketheoilyfeelandsmellontheirskin,andsometimessomepeoplearesensitivetoit.(虽然避蚊胺是一种有效的接触驱避剂，但许多人不喜欢皮肤上油腻的感觉和气味，有时有些人对避蚊胺很敏感)”可知，避蚊胺的缺点是给使用者带来不适。故选C。29．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theothergrouparetheclassiconesthatstopinsectsfromstandingonatreatedsurface,suchashumanskin,clothingortents;collaboratorsattheUSDAARSandBioGentshaveconductedtestingwithhumanstoconfirmtheeffectivenessandidentifytheverybestones.(另一组是经典的阻止昆虫站在处理过的表面，如人体皮肤、衣服或帐篷；美国农业部和美国生物制剂研究所的合作者已经进行了人体试验，以确认其有效性，并确定最优方案)”可知，第二组新型驱蚊剂可以防止蚊子接触使用者。故选D。30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thenewrepellentsweredesignedandmadefromthenaturalmaterialsinplantessentialoils.Theymaintainmanyoftheadvantagesofthenaturalrepellents:Theyarefullybiodegradable,withnoecologicalconcernsorenvironmentalwastes,andgenerallyconsideredsafelikethethousandsoftypesofplantessentialoilsusedintheflavorandperfumeindustries.However,thoroughtestingwillbeconductedtodetermineiftheyaretrulynonpoisonousbecausethereisstillnoenoughevidence.(以植物精油为主要原料，设计并制备了新型驱避剂。它们保持了天然驱蚊剂的许多优点：它们是完全可生物降解的，没有生态问题或环境垃圾