人教版英语选修8教师用书Unit5SectionⅣUsingLanguage

THEFEAST：18，000BCWorriedaboutthepreparationsforherfeast①，Lalaquicklyturnedforhomewithhercollectionofnuts，melons(瓜)andotherfruit.Itwasthecustomoffamilygroupstoseparateandthengatheragainatdifferentsitesforreunionsastheyfollowedtheanimalherdsacrossthegrasslands②.Awrinkle(皱纹)appearedonherforehead.Ifonlyitcouldbejustlikelastyear！AtthattimeshehadbeensohappywhenDahuchoseherasthefuturemotherofhischildren.Hewasthebesttoolmakerinthegroupanditwasagreathonourforhertobechosen.Sherememberedthebloodpulsing(搏动)throughherveins.Shehadfeltsoproudasthegroupshoutedloudlytoapplaud(鼓掌欢迎)hischoice③.Ifonlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear！Thenshewouldn'thavebeenfeelingsoworriednow.公元前一万八千年的一次盛宴拉拉担心她这次盛宴的准备工作，所以赶紧把坚果、甜瓜和其他水果收集起来就快步回家了。由于在草原上放牧，家族成员先分散开，然后在不同的地方相聚，这是他们的一个习俗。她的额头出现了一道皱纹。要是能像去年那样就好了！当大胡选拉拉作未来孩子的母亲时，她觉得非常高兴。他是这个家族中最好的工匠，被他选中对拉拉来说是莫大的荣幸。她记得当时血脉加快，心情激动。部落成员为他的选择大声喝彩时，她感到很自豪。她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！那么她现在就不会这么担心了。[助读讲解]①形容词短语Worriedabout．．．作原因状语，意为“因担心……”。②Itwasthecustom．．．toseparate．．．astheyfollowed．．．中，it作形式主语，toseparate．．．作真正主语；astheyfollowed．．．是as引导的原因状语从句。③asthegroupshoutedloudly．．．是as引导的时间状语从句。Havingheardwolveshowling(嗥叫)intheforest，Lalaaccelerated(加速)herwalkupthepathtothecavesfearingthattheremightbewildbeastslyinginwaitforher④.Shehadnomanwithhisspear(矛)toprotecther⑤.Shehadalmostreachedherdestinationwhen⑥adelicioussmellarrestedherprogressandshestopped.Sothemenhadbroughthomethemeatforthefeast！Thesmellofcookingmeatfilledtheairsurroundingher⑦，andhersensesbecamedizzy(头晕目眩的)withhunger.Shecouldseehermotherandtheolderchildrenpreparingthedeerandpigmeatoverthefire.Herauntsweremakingclotheswithanimalskins.Abruptlyshesatdown，onlytobescoopedupbyherlaughing，shoutingsister，Luna.Lalasmiledwithrelief.Itwasgoodtohaveherfamilyaroundher.沿着回洞穴的路走着，听到森林里狼的嚎叫声，拉拉加快了步伐，她担心会有野兽隐蔽埋伏着，正等着她。她身边没有男人拿着矛保护她。快到达目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她停下来，不往前走了。原来男人们为这次盛宴已经把肉带回了家！烤肉的香味弥漫在周围的空气中，她因为饥饿而感到眩晕。她看到母亲和大一些的孩子在火上烧烤鹿肉和猪肉。她的姨妈们在用兽皮做衣服。她突然坐了下来，结果被爱吵闹的妹妹露娜一把抱了起来。拉拉宽慰地笑了，跟家人在一起实在是太好啦。[助读讲解]④that引导宾语从句。⑤withhisspeartoprotecther是with的复合结构，作定语，修饰man。⑥hadalmost/justdone．．．when．．．几乎/刚刚做完某事，这时……。⑦现在分词短语surroundingher作后置定语，修饰theair。Justthenatallmancameupbehindher.Hehadalarge，squareface，withstronglypronouncedeyebrows(眉毛)andcheekbones.Overhisshoulderhecarriedseveralfishandsomepiecesofwoodunderhisarm.LalasmiledandhandedsomestonescrapersovertoDahu，whosmiledandwentoutsidethecavetobeginhistask⑧.Firsthelookedcarefullyatthescrapersandthenwenttoacornerofthecaveandpulledoutsomemoretools.Theywereinapilewithothersharparrowheads(箭头)andstoneaxe­heads.Hechoseonelargestoneandbegantouseitlikeahammer(锤子)strikingtheedgeofthescraperthatneededsharpening⑨.NowandthenDahuwouldstop，lookatitandtryitagainsthishandbeforecontinuinghistask.Hestoppedwhenhefeltthescrapersweresharpenoughtocut⑩upthemeatandscrapethefish.AshepassedthemtoLala，thefirstofguestsfromtheneighbouringcavesbegantoarrivefordinner.Lala'sspiritsrose.Yes，itwasgoingtobejustaswonderfulaslastyear！Shesmiledtoherselfgaily(快乐的)andwentoutofthecavetoweleherfriendsandneighbours.就在那时，一个高个子男人从她身后走了过来。他的脸盘很大、方形脸，浓眉大眼，颧骨突出。肩上扛着几条鱼，腋下夹着一些木头。拉拉对大胡微笑着，递给他一些石头做的刮子。大胡也笑着，走出洞穴，开始工作。他先朝这些石刮子仔细瞧了瞧，然后走到洞穴的一个角落，拖出来更多的工具。这些工具同其他一些锐利的箭头和石斧头堆放在一起。他选了一块大石头，开始用它作锤子敲打一个需要磨快的石刮子边缘。他时不时地停下来看看，在手上试一试，然后再继续工作。当他觉得石刮子够快，能够切碎肉并能刮鱼鳞了，他才停下来。他把它们递给拉拉，这时候，来自邻近洞穴的第一批客人就开始来吃饭了。拉拉情绪高起来了。是的，今年的盛宴将一定会跟去年一样热闹！她高兴地自己笑着，走出洞穴，去欢迎她的朋友和邻居。[助读讲解]⑧who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Dahu。⑨现在分词短语strikingtheedgeof．．．作方式状语，其中thatneededsharpening是that引导的定语从句，修饰thescraper。needdoing＝needtobedone，意为“需要被……”，doing是主动形式表示被动含义(用法同want，require)。⑩“be＋adj.＋enough＋todo．．．”结构意为“做……足够……”。第一步速读——了解文章主题和段落大意Ⅰ.速读P43教材课文，匹配段落大意1．Para.1 A．Lalaandherfamiliesmade preparationsforthefeast.2．Para.2 B．ThedescriptionofDahu.3．Para.3 C．HowdidDahumaketools.4．Para.4 D．Lalaworriedaboutthe preparationsforthefeastandshe hopedthefeastcouldbeasgoodas theonelastyear.[答案]1－4DABCⅡ.速读P43教材课文，选择最佳答案Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．ThemarriagelifeofLalaandDahu.B．Theseparateresponsibilityofmenandwomen.C．Thedifferencebetweenearlylifeandmodernlife.D．Thepreparationsforafeast.[答案]D第二步细读——把控文章关键信息细读P43教材课文，选择最佳答案1．WhydidLalaaccelerateherwalk?A．Becauseshewasveryhungry.B．Becauseshefearedherhusbandwouldgetangry.C．Becauseshehadtoprepareforherfeast.D．Becauseshefearedtheremightbewildanimalsattackingher.2．Lalawashappylastyearbecause．A．shewasluckytobechosenbyDahuB．shedidn'thavetoprepareforthefeastC．herhusbandlovedherverymuchD．shewastogetherwithhersisterandmother3．AccordingtothetextDahuusuallydidallthethingsEXCEPT．A．fishing B．collectingfruitC．sharpeningscrapers D．killinganimals4．WecaninferfromthetextthatLalawasherlife.A．tiredof B．worriedaboutC．satisfiedwith D．disappointedwith[答案]1－4DABC第三步研读——能力升华接轨高考根据P43教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1．Worried(worry)aboutthepreparationsforherfeast，Lala2.quickly(quick)camebackhomewithhercollectionofnuts，melonsandotherfruit.Itwasatime3.whenfamilygroupsgatheredagain.Theyreunitedasthey4.followed(follow)theanimalherdsacrossthegrasslands.Ifonlyit5.could(can)bejustlikelastyear！ThenshewassohappywhenDahuchoseher6.asthefuturemotherofhischildren.Itwas7.agreathonour8.tobechosen(choose)．Shehadfeltsoproudasthegroupshoutedloudlytoapplaudhischoice.Itturnedoutjustaswonderfulaslastyear.Shesmiledto9.herself(her)gailyandwentoutofthecave10.towele(wele)herfriendsandneighbours.Ⅰ.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1．Heisaskilful(熟练的)English­speakingprofessor.2．She'sbeginningtogetwrinkles(皱纹)roundhereyes.3．Ourpresenttaskistoaccelerate(加速)economicgrowth.4．WeallknowthesignificanceoflearningEnglishinhighschool.5．Theaudienceallstoodupandapplaudedthespeaker.6．They'vearrestedalmosteverybodywhoisinvolvedintherobbery.Ⅱ.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1．acceleratevi.&vt.加速；促进→accelerationn．加速度2．applaudvi.&vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏→applausen．鼓掌3．significancen．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义→significantadj.重要的Ⅲ.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1．referto 谈到；参考2．breakout (战争，疾病，火灾等的)突然发生3．fedupwith 受够了；饱受；厌烦4．lookahead 向前看；为将来打算5．lieinwaitfor 隐蔽静候以出其不意；伏击6．dateback(to．．．) 追溯到；始于Ⅳ.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1．Wemustlookaheadbeforewegofurtherinthematter.2．I'mfedupwiththisfood；it'stimewehadsomechange.3．They'vebeenfriendsforlongandtheirfriendshipdatesbacktothe1970s.4．LittledidIknowwhattroubleswerelyinginwaitformewhenIgothome.背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.Ifonlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear！她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！Ifonly．．．意为“要是……就好了”，表示与事实相反的假设。IfonlyIhadn'tgivenupthechancetostudyfurther.要是我没有放弃那次进一步学习的机会就好了。2.Havingheardwolveshowlingintheforest，Lalaacceleratedherwalkupthepathtothecavesfearingthattheremightbewildbeastslyinginwaitforher.沿着回洞穴的路走着，听到森林里狼的嚎叫声，拉拉加快了步伐，她担心会有野兽隐蔽埋伏着，正等着她。Havingheard．．．fearingthat．．．为现在分词短语作状语。Hedroveslowly，havingachat/chattingwithhisfriendonthephone.他一边和朋友在里聊天，一边慢慢地开车。3.Shehadalmostreachedherdestinationwhenadelicioussmellarrestedherprogressandshestopped.快到达目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她停下来，不往前走了。句型haddone．．．when．．．意为“刚刚做完某事，就在这时……”。Hehadjustgonetobedwhenthetelephonerang.他刚上床睡觉，这时铃响了。4.Abruptlyshesatdown，onlytobescoopedupbyherlaughing，shoutingsister，Luna.她突然坐了下来，结果被爱吵闹的妹妹露娜一把抱了起来。onlytodosth.意为“不料；结果……”，动词不定式作结果状语，表示意料不到的情况。Wewalkedalongwaytoseehim，onlytofindthathehadjustleftforthecountryside.我们走了很长一段路去看他，没想到他刚下乡了。(be)fedupwith受够了；饱受；厌烦(教材P41)Well，I'mfedupwithalltheattentionand．．．噢，我厌烦了这么多关注……(1)befedup 厌烦feedup (把人、动物)养肥；让……吃饱feedback 反应；反馈feedsb./sth.onsth. 用……喂养……feedsth.tosb./sth. 喂……给……feedonsth. (动物)以……为食；靠……活(2)be/getfedupwith＝beboredwith＝betiredof 对……厌倦①Thesalesmanfedbackinformationtothefirmaboutitssales.这位推销员将售货情况反馈到公司。②Therainwasgoingonandon，andIwasfedupthen.雨不停地下起来，我倍感厌烦。③I'mtiredofdoingsomuchhomework.我厌倦了做这么多家庭作业。[语境助记]Cowsfeedongrass，andmyworkistofeedthemongrasseveryday.ButIamfedupwithfeedinggrasstocowsandIamtryingmakingarobottoworkinplaceofme.牛以草为食，我的工作就是每天用草喂养它们。但是我厌烦了给它们喂草，我正试着制造一个机器人来代替我工作。lookahead向前看；为将来打算(教材P43)Ifonlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear!她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！lookaheadto 展望……，为……做打算lookback(onsth.) 回首往事，回顾lookdownon 轻视，蔑视，瞧不起lookforwardto 盼望，期待lookinto 调查，审查lookthrough 浏览lookon 旁观lookup 抬头看，仰视；查阅lookupto 尊敬，敬仰①Youngpeopleoftenlookaheadtothefuturewhiletheelderlylookbackonthepast.年轻人常思将来，老年人常回顾过去。②I'mreallylookingforwardtoourvacation.我热切地期待着我们的假期。③Youshouldlookthroughyournotesbeforetheexam.考试前你应该浏览一下你的笔记。arrestvt.逮捕；吸引n．逮捕；拘留(教材P43)Shehadalmostreachedherdestinationwhenadelicioussmellarrestedherprogressandshestopped.快到达目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她停下来，不往前走了。(1)arrestsb.forsth. 因……逮捕某人getarrested (人)被逮捕arrestone'sattention 引起某人的注意(2)beunderarrest 被逮捕①Heissaidtobeunderarrestforspreadingonlinerumors.据说他由于传播网络谣言被捕了。②Anunusualpaintingarrestedhisattention.一幅异乎寻常的画引起了他的注意。③Afterthematchthreeyouthsgotarrested(arrest)．比赛过后，有三个青年被捕。④Hewasarrestedforfakingsomefamouspaintings.他由于伪造一些名画而被逮捕。[语境助记]“逮捕”arrest也多样Theheadmasteroftheschoolgotarrestedtheotherdayandwasstillunderarrest，whicharrestedtheattentionofthepublic.这个学校的校长前几天被逮捕了，现在还在关押中，这引起了公众的注意。dateback(to．．．)追溯到；始于(教材P44)AlltheobjectsarefromthesameexcavationsiteinSanxingduiandcanbedatedbacktobetween3，000and5，000yearsago.所有的物品都来自于三星堆的一个挖掘点，时间可以追溯到3000年到5000年前。(1)datebackto＝datefrom 追溯到……；始于……(2)outofdate 过时的，过期的uptodate 最新的fix/makeadate 确定/约定时间goonadate 去约会①Thisinformationisoutofdate.这资料已经过时了。②Haveyoufixedadatefortheweddingyet?你确定举办婚礼的日期了吗？③ThehistoryofhumanitymaydatebacktotheIceAge.人类历史可以追溯到冰川时代。[名师点津]datebackto相当于datefrom，常用于一般现在时态，且无被动语态。[明辨异同]datebackto/datebackdatebackto“追溯到；始于”，其后接表示具体时间的名词dateback“上溯；追溯”，其后接表示一段时间的名词(datebackto，dateback)④Thehistoryoftheirfamilydatesbackhundredsofyears；thehousewheretheylivedatesbacktothe18thcentury.(教材P43)Ifonlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear!她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！【要点提炼】此句用了虚拟语气。ifonly．．．意为“要是……就好了”。(1)ifonly．．．could/would/mightdo．．． 表示对将来事情的愿望(不用should)(2)ifonly．．．did．．． 表示对与目前或现在事实相反的愿望(3)ifonly．．．haddone．．． 表示对与过去事实相反的愿望①IfonlythewholefamilycouldbeunitedduringtheSpringFestival！要是今年春节全家能团圆就好了！②Ifonlymymotherwere(be)herewithmenow!要是母亲现在和我在一起就好了！③Ifonlyyouhadworked(work)withgreatercare!你工作要是再仔细一些多好啊！[明辨异同]ifonly/onlyififonly“但愿，要是……就好了”，引导感叹句或状语从句，谓语动词用虚拟语气，表示愿望或未实现的条件onlyif“只有……才”，引导条件状语从句，不用虚拟语气，其中的only表示强调。因为状语从句放在句首，又用only强调，所以主句主、谓语要倒装(ifonly，onlyif)④XiaoMingsaid，“IfonlyIwouldpasstheCollegeEntranceExamination！”Buthisfathersaid，“Onlyifyoustudyhardcanyougototheuniversity.”(教材P43)Abruptlyshesatdown，onlytobescoopedupbyherlaughing，shoutingsister，Luna.她突然坐了下来，结果被爱吵闹的妹妹露娜一把抱了起来。【要点提炼】句中运用了非谓语作状语，即“onlytobescoopedupbyherlaughing，shoutingsister”，不定式短语在句中作结果状语。(1)不定式在句中作结果状语，强调意料不到的结果；意为“不料……，结果却……”，其前常加only。(2)动词­ing形式在句中作结果状语，强调必然的结果。①Itorethebox，onlytodiscoverthatsomeofthepartsweremissing.我撕开盒子，却发现有些零件不见了。②Hedroppedtheglassontothefloor，breaking(break)itintopieces.他把玻璃杯子掉在了地上，摔碎了。③Hehurriedtotheairportonlytobetold(tell)thatthefilmstarhadleft.他匆忙赶到机场，却被告知那位电影明星已经离开了。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．—Anyinformationaboutyourson?—No.IfonlyIhadn'tsaid(notsa