GMDSS英语阅读（4216-0）Chapter 1 Introduction of GMDSS课件

Chapter1IntroductionofGMDSSITURadioRegulations()SOLAS(InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea(SOLAS),1974)ChapterIV-Radiocommunications

In1979,theInternationalMaritimeOrganizationdecidedtoup-gradetheexistingcommunicationssystemtoincorporate

newtechnologiesavailablewhichwouldsignificantlyimprove

thesafetyoflifeatsea.

TheGMDSSEnteredfullyinForce

(1stFebruary1999)1.1General1.1.1ThehistoryofGMDSS

The“old”SystemaspertheInternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea(SOLAS)19742majorsystems:Morsetelegraphy(500Khz)oncargovesselsover1600GRT,allpassengervessels.Radiotelephony2182kHzandVHFCh16cargovesselsover300GRT,allpassengervessels.bothmanuallyoperated.minimumrangerequired100-150NM.NewMaritimeServicesEPIRB(COSPAS-SARSAT)INMARSATSYSTEM(A,B,C,F,M)NAVTEXDSCSARTSVesselsaffected:

Allpassengervesselsand;Cargovesselsof300grtandaboveoninternationalvoyages1.1.2GMDSSImplementation

1.1.3BasicConceptofGMDSS

TheBasicconceptoftheGMDSSisthatsearchandrescueauthoritiesashoreaswellasshippingintheimmediatevicinityoftheship,orpersonsindistresswillberapidlyalertedtoadistressincidentsotheycanassistinacoordinatedresearchandrescueoperationwiththeminimum

delay.01Inmarsat-SystemComponentsThemajordifferencebetweentheGMDSSanditspredecessorsystemsisthattheradiocommunicationsequipmenttobefittedtoaGMDSSshipisdeterminedbytheship'sareaofoperation,ratherthanbyitssize.BecausethevariousradiosystemsusedintheGMDSShavedifferentlimitations,withregardstorangeandservicesprovided,GMDSSdividestheworld'soceansinto4areas(zones):1.2SeaAreasGMDSSSeaAreasGMDSSSeaAreasA1-CoastalareawithincoverageofatleastoneVHFcoastradiostationprovidingcontinuousavailabilityofDSCALERTING(20-30nm)A2-AreawithincoverageofatleastoneMFcoastradiostationprovidingcontinuousavailabilityofDSCALERTINGexcl.A1(150-200es)A3-AreawithincoverageofInmarsatgeostationarysatellitesprovidingcontinuousavailabilityofalerting,excl.A1andA2,approximatelybetweenlatitudes70degreesnorthand70degreessouth);A4-AreaoutsideseaareasA1,A2,andA3(veryhighlatitudes)

VHFDSCwithradiotelephones-EPIRBorVHFEPIRBNAVTEX2SARTTheGMDSSregulations(chapterIVoftheInternationalSOLASConvention),requirethateveryGMDSSequippedshipshallbecapableof;transmittingship-to-shoreDistressAlertsbyatleasttwoseparateandindependentmeans,eachusingadifferentradiocommunicationservice;receivingshore-to-shipDistressAlerts;transmittingandreceivingship-to-shipDistressAlerts;transmittingandreceivingsearchandrescueco-coordinatingcommunications;1.3Functionalrequirementstransmittingandreceivingon-scenecommunications;transmittingandreceivinglocatingandhomingsignals;receivingmaritimesafetyinformation;transmittingandreceivinggeneralradiocommunicationsrelatingtothemanagementandoperationofthevessel;transmittingandreceivingbridge-to-bridgecommunications.

GMDSSSystemInclude:SatelliteCommunicationSystem-Inmarsat-COSPAS-SARSAT(EPIRB)TerrestrialCommunicationSystem-Radiotelephone-NarrowBandDirectPrintingTelex(NBDP)-SearchandRescueRadarTransponder(SART)-DigitalSelectiveCall(DSC)•FirstClassRadio-ElectronicCertificate(includesfullon-boardmaintenance),•SecondClassRadio-ElectronicCertificate(includeslimitedon-boardmaintenance),•GeneralOperator'sCertificate(world-wideoperation,butnotincludingmaintenance),•RestrictedOperator'sCertificate(forAreaA1ships).1.4RadioPersonnelCertificateRequirements•ForstationsonboardvesselswhichsailbeyondtherangeofVHFcoaststations(SeaareaA2A3andA4),takingintoaccounttheprovisionsofSOLAS:aholderofafirst-orsecond-classradioelectroniccertificateorageneraloperator'scertificate(GOC);•ForstationsonboardvesselswhichsailwithintherangeofVHFcoaststations(SeaareaA1),takingintoaccounttheprovisionsofSOLAS:aholderofafirst-orsecond-classradioelectroniccertificateorageneraloperator'scertificateorarestrictedoperators'certificate(ROC).A1A2A3A4

VHFequipments-EPIRBorVHFEPIRBMSIreceiverSART

VHFandMFequipmentS-EPIRBMSIreceiverSART

VHF,MFandHForsatelliteequipmentS-EPIRBMSIreceiverSART

VHF,MFandHFequipment406MHzS-EPIRBMSIreceiverSART1.5GMDSS

equipmentrequirementsInmarsat-SystemComponentsSeaareaA1/A2byusingatleastonemethodsabove;SeaareaA3/A4,byusingacombinationofatleasttwomethodsabove.DuplicationofEquipment(DOE)Shore-basedMaintenance(SBM)AtSeaElectronicMaintenance(ASM)1.6AvailabilityofShipStationEquipment

MaintenanceRequirmentsEquipmentsshallbesodesignedthatthemainunitscanbereplacedreadily,withoutelaboraterecalibrationor

readjustment；Itisreadilyaccessibleinspectionandon-boardmaintenancepurpose.Dailytests1)TheproperfunctioningoftheDSCfacilitiesshallbetestedatleastoutradiationofsignals,byuseofthemeansprovidedbyequipment.2)Batteriesprovidingasourceofenergyforanypartoftheradiostationsshallbetesteddailyand,wherenecessary,broughtuptothefullychargedcondition.3)Printershallbecheckeddailytoensurethereisanadequatesupplyof