2022-2023学年新教材高中英语课时作业十Unit4 Space Exploration SectionⅡ Readingand Thinking新人教版必修第三册

课时作业(十)UNIT4SectionIIReadingandThinking

层级一课时跟踪检测

维度1单词拼写

1.Ourgoalistocreateapeacefulcommunitywithsharedfutureform.

2.Chinahas1moresatellitesintoorbitinthepastfewyears.

3.Whenhearingthednews,theoldmanwasveryupset.

4.Thedexpressiononhisfacesuggestedthathewouldn,tgivein.

5.Inhischildhood,hecouldneverhaveimaginedthathewouldbecomea(n)

a.

维度2单句语法填空

1.She(signal)toapassingtaxiandaskedhimtotakehertotheraiIway

station.

2.Inthelongrun,notonlyshouldstudentsstudywellbutalsolearntheability

tolive________(independent).

3.Ifyouwanttogetahigherincome,youmustgetadegreewhichis

(relate)toyourcareer.

4.Theelderlyareusuallythefirst(taste)thefoodservedonthetable

becausetheyarewellrespectedinChina.

5.Aplanecrashedontheseaand269peopleboardtheplanewerekilled.

维度3完成句子

1.[2021∙新高考全国卷I,读后续写]当双胞胎失望地环顾四周时，他们的父亲出现

了。

Asthetwins,theirfatherappeared.

2.为了能够集中精力学习，她已经拒绝了几次参加演出的邀请。

Shehasturneddownseveralinvitationstostaratshows

herstudies.

3.我精通英语，而且容易相处。那就是为什么我写信申请这份工作。

IhaveagoodcommandofEnglishandameasytogetalongwith.

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__________________________thejob.

4.我下决心克服所有困难，把每一科都学好。

Iallthedifficultiesandlearneverysubjectwell.

5.只有用这种方式他们才能独立成长、真正成功。

Onlyinthiswaycantheygrowupto.

6.我们不仅听讲座而且参加中国书法体验活动。

butwealsotakepartinChinesecalligraphyexperiencing

activities.

维度4课文语法填空

Humanshavealwayslookedupatthestarsandwantedtolearnmoreaboutspace.

1.(determine)tofindoutthesecretsoftheuniverse,scientistsworkhard

tomake2.________(vehicle)tocarrypeopleintospace.

Inthemid-20thcentury,rocketsthatwerepowerfulenoughtoovercomeEarth,s

gravityweredeveloped,makingspaceexploration3.________reality.On4October

1957,theUSSRsuccessfulIylaunchedthefirstartificialsatellite,Sputnik1,into

space.Fouryearslater,YuriGagarinbecamethefirsthuman4.(travel)

intospace.20July1969wasa5.(history)dayforspacetravel:astronaut

NeilArmstrongwalkedonthesurfaceoftheMoon.

AlthoughChina,Sspaceprogrammestartedlater6.thoseofRussiaand

theUS,ithasmadegreatprogressinashorttime.In2003,YangLiweisuccessfully

orbitedEarthintheShenzhou5spacecraft,7.madeChinathethirdcountry

intheworldto8.(independent)sendhumansintospace.Morerecently,China

hasmadehistorybylandingChang,e4onthefarsideoftheMoon.

However,accidentsthatresulted9.________thedeathsoftheastronauts

happenedbeforedespitescientists5effortstomakesurenothinggoeswrong.But

thedesiretoexplorespacenever10.(fade)away.Europe,theUS,andChina

allhaveplanstoexploreplanetslikeMarsandJupiter.Sothefutureofspace

explorationremainsbright.层级二主题阅读训练

I.阅读理解

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A

[2022∙成都高一检测]JuIy20,2021marksthe52thanniversaryofthefirstmoon

landing.TheNationalSpaceCenterwillprovideyouwithsuper-sizespace

experiences:agiantEarthmodel,adomedplanetarium（穹顶天文台）anda42-meter

rockettower.It'sal1undercoversoit,sagoodplacetovisitonarainyday.

Ticket

It,snotcheap—adult$15,5-to-16-year-olds$12-butonceyou,vepaidyoucan

revisitasmanytimesasyouwantinayear,andadmissionisfreeforkidsunder

five.

Openinghours

10a.m.—4p.m.MondaytoFriday,10a.m.—5p.m.weekendsandschoolholidays.

Whataboutlunch?

TheBoostersCafeservesreasonablypricedhotandcoldsnacksanddrinksat

thefootofthecenter*stworockets.Thecafeoffersvegetarian（素食的）option

too.

Exitthroughthegiftshop?

It,sstockedwithsouvenirsincludingbooks,gamesandtelescopes.Someare

quitepricey.Thegiftshopisthefirstthingyoupassonentryandalsothelast

thingyouseeasyouleave.

1.WhatgiftscanyoubuyintheCenter?

A.Rockets.B.Telescopes.

C.Pencils.D.Earthmodels.

2.WhatcanyoulearnabouttheNationalSpaceCenter?

A.Itisfreeforkidsunder6.

B.Ithastwogiftshops.

C.Itisvegetarian-friendly.

D.Itisopenatnightinholidays.

3.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

A.Holidayplans.

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B.Spaceexperiences.

C.SuggestionsforvisitingtheCenter.

D.InformationabouttheCenter.

B

[2022∙中山高一检测]Manyofuswonderwhatliesinouterspace.Whenwelook

upatthenightsky,weseestars,thetwinkleofamovingsatelliteandoccasionally

adistantplanet.Butonethingwedon,tseeisthemillionsofpiecesofjunkfilling

upspace.It,sthisdebris（废弃物）that,scausingproblemsfortheexisting

technologythat,supthereandwhichwerelyon.

Theamountofspacejunkisincreasing.Overthelastfewdecades,satellites

androcketshavebeenlaunchedintospace,litteringthecosmos（宇宙）astheygo.

It,sestimatedtherearenowmillionsofthrown-awaypiecesofmetalandother

materialsinorbit-everythingfromoldrocketpiecestoaccidentallydropped

astronauttools,andevenflecksofpaint.Thefearisthatifwedon,tstarttaking

thisdebrisoutoftheskysoon,itwillbecomeagreatdangertoactivesatellites.

NobuOkada,ChiefExecutiveofAstroscale—acompanyworkingonwaystocleanup

spacejunk-sayshitting“evenasmallpaintfleck...hasenoughpowertoblowup

othersatellites.”

Severalideasarebeinglookedattocollectthedebrisfloatingaroundinspace.

In2018,theRemoveDebrisspacecraftcarriedoutvariousexperiments,including

testinganetthatcouldcatchasatelliteorfiringaharpoonatatargetinorbit

totrytocatchit.

ThisyeartheUKSpaceAgencyishelpingtofundnewapproachestotracking

satellitesanddebrisinspace.JacobGeerfromUKSAtoldtheBBC:"Space

surveillance（监视）andtrackingisoneofthekeythingswecandotokeepsafe

thosesatelliteswerelyonnow,andtomakesurecertainorbitsdon,tbecome

inaccessible（无法接近的）forfuturegenerationsbecausethere,stoomuchdebris

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inthem.

It,sclearthatsomethingmustbedonetoachieveadeepcleaninspace.But

lookingtothefuture,likeanylitterproblem,weneedtolookatwaysofcreating

less—andthatshould∏,tbethestuffofsciencefiction.

4.Whichofthefollowingitemsisspacejunk?

A.Metalstuff.

B.Oldrocketpiecesintheorbit.

C.Toolsinthespaceship.

D.Paintonaspaceship.

5.WhatproblemcanspacejunkcauseaccordingtoParagraph2?

A.Smallpaintoffleckwillblowawaysatellites.

B.Activesatelliteswillbeindanger.

C.Itwillbeimpossibletocleanup.

D.Itwillleadtodisastersontheearth.

6.AccordingtoJacobGeer,whatmakesorbitsinaccessibleforfuture

generations?

ʌ.Toomuchman-madesatellites.

B.Toomuchpopulation.

C.Toomuchspaceactivities.

D.Toomuchdebrisinspaceorbits.

7.Whichofthefollowingisnothelpfulinsolvingthedebrisproblem?

A.Stoppingreadingsciencefictions.

B.Carryingoutathoroughspacecleaning.

C.Creatinglessspacejunkfromnowon.

D.Usingspacesurveillanceandtrackingsystem.

C

Ifaskedwhetherspaceexplorationshouldcontinue,mostAmericanswouldgive

animmediateresponseeitherinfavourofcontinuingorinfavourofendingspace

exploration.Λcommonresponsewouldbethatspaceexplorationisawasteofmoney.

AnaverageAmerican,uneducatedonthesubject,mightbelievethatthegovernment

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iswastingbillionsofdollarsontheresearchthathasnovalue.Someoneignorant

ofthesubjectmightsaythataspaceshuttlegoesuponceinawhileandthatis

aboutal1thathappens.Researchisongoingandcontinueswhentherearenoshuttles

beinglaunched.Thisalsocoststhegovernmentmoney.Doestheextremecostofspace

explorationmakesense?

Oneargumentisthatthegovernmentiswastingmoneyontheresearchnotbeing

usedonEarth.Actually,themoneygoestoworkersandscientiststhatsupport

NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)missions,andgoestomajor

companiesthatplayimportantrolesinmajorsectorsoftheUSeconomy.Boeingis

apartnerofNASAforaircraft,thesamecompanythatmakescommercialaircraftfor

theairlineindustry.

Anotherbenefitofcontinuingspaceexplorationisthemanyspin-off

technologies(衍生技术)itprovides.Theartificialheartresultedfromexperiments

onthespaceshuttle.ThehandheldJawsofLifeusedtosavevictimsfromcar

accidentsoriginatedfromthesystemusedtoseparatethespaceshuttlefromits

boosterrockets.Insulationinhomesthatkeepsthemwarmandenergyefficientis

basedonthetechnologyusedtoinsulatethespaceshuttle.

TherearedirectbenefitstotheeconomyprovidedbyNASAmissionsaswe11as

spin-offtechnologies.Theseadvancesarefoundinfood,buiIdingmaterials,medical

proceduresandthevehicleswedrive.Whileitcanbeproventhatbillionsofdollars

thatcouldbeusedelsewhereisbeingspentonspaceexploration,thebenefitsit

providesoutweighthenegativeaspects.Asamatteroffact,themoneyspenthelps

toimprovethequalityofourlives.

8.HowisParagraph2mainlydeveloped?

ʌ.Bylistingdata.

B.Byofferinganalysis.

C.Bygivingsomeexamples.

D.Bypresentingresearchfindings.

9.WhatisthefunctionofJawsofLife?

A.Tosavepeoplefromtrafficaccidents.

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B.Todoexperimentsonthespaceshuttle.

C.Tokeephouseswarmandenergyefficient.

D.Toseparatethespaceshuttlefromitsboosterrockets.

10.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofspaceexploration?

A.Ithaschangedourlifecompletely.

B.Itcoststoomuchmoney.

C.Ithasnothingtodowithus.

D.Itbenefitsusinmanyways.

11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.BenefitsofSpaceExploration

B.IsSpaceExplorationWorththeCost?

C.HowtoMakeSpaceExplorationAffordable?

D.MissionsoftheNASASpaceShuttleProgramme

D

[2022∙贵州省高一下学期联考]Whendidyoulaststoptolookatatree?Really

lookatit,notmerelynoticeit.Treesplaysuchanimportantroleinourlives

andyetdaytodayweoftendon,tevennoticethem;weoftentakethemforgranted.

Yetifyouarelookingtostrengthenyourgrounds,reducepollutionaroundyour

school,improveyourchildren,shealthandwel!beinganddevelopyourscience

subject,thenplantingtreesiscertainlythewayforward.

Thefirstandmostobviousbenefitofstartingatree-plantingprogramisthe

environmentalimpact.Childrenareenthusiastic,andoftenhighlyknowledgeable

aboutclimatechangeandthemaincausesofit.Theyarealsointerestedinprojects

thatcanmakeadifferencetotheircommunity,scarbonfootprints.Plantingtrees

isaneasyandlong-lastingwaytoinvolvepupilsandtohaveapositiveimpacton

theclimate.

Atree-plantingprogramalsooffersteacherstheopportunitytodiscuss

biodiversity（生物多样性）andgivespupilsthechancetogetinvolvedinanactual

example.It,sareal-lifescienceexperimentandwillprovidechildrenwithamazing

habitatstostudyinsciencelessonsforyearstocome.

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Plantingtreescanalsohaveapositiveimpactonchildren,smentalhealth.One

infourpeopleintheUKwillexperiencementalhealthissuesatsomepointintheir

1ivesandonein10childrenaged5-16haveadiagnosable（可诊断的）mentalhealth

condition,accordingtoTheChildre∏,sSociety.Mentalhealthisacomplexissue

withmanycausalfactorsandnosimplesolutions.However,accordingtotheMental

HealthFoundation,theopportunitytoplayandlearninoutdoorenvironmentshas

beenquotedinresearchstudiesasasignificantlypositiveinfluence.

Beingactivewillalsoimprovechildren,sgeneralhealthandwellbeing,aswell

asincreasingengagementmoregenerallybyprovidinganenjoyablecontextfor

learning.Parentsandthecommunity,too,willenjoytheimprovedbeautyofthe

schoolgrounds.

12.WhatcanchiIdrendotocontributetothecommunity,seffortstocutcarbon

footprints?

A.Reducetheirdailyactivities.

B.Attendtree-plantingprojects.

C.Learnmoreaboutclimatechange.

D.Encouragemorepeopletotakeaction.

13.Howcanatreeplantingprogrambenefitteachers?

A.Bymakingtheirclasseslivelier.

B.Bysupplyingthemwithhabitatstostudy.

C.Byprovidingthemwithrealexamplesofbiodiversity.

D.Bygivingthemchancestocommunicatewithstudents.

14.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4?

A.Outdooractivitiescanbenefitchildren,smentalhealth.

B.Children,splaytimeisreducinggraduallyinrecentyears.

C.Plantingtreesisaperfectwaytoimprovetheenvironment.

D.FewpeopleintheUKpaymuchattentiontomentalhealth.

15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

ʌ.Howcanschoolsgetinvolvedintree-plantingprojects?

B.Childrenneedmorecarefromtheirteachers.

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C.Whyshouldschoolsbeplantingtrees?

D.Schoolsshouldsetupnewclasses.

II.七选五

Therearemanycostsofhavinganegativeattitudeintheworkplace.Employees

whodon,tfeelappreciatedworklessproductively.Theycanhaveconflictswithother

members.Negativebossesspreadtheirbadfeelingstoemployees.Herearesomeways

todevelopapositivespiritinyourworkplace.

Beamodelofkindnessandrespect.Employeeslookuptotheirbossesforan

exampleofhowtobehaveintheworkplace.]Itisfarbettertobepatient,kind,

andrespectful.Thisisagreatwaytobringpositivitytotheworkplace.

2Whenemployeesarethankedfortheirgoodwork,itgivesthemawarmfeeling.

Everyonelikestobeappreciated,andemployeesoftentoil（辛苦工作）foryears

withoutbeingthankedfortheirhardwork.Even“thankyou“andahand-shakego

alongwaytowardmakinganemployeefeelappreciated.

Makegoalsclearforeveryone.Havingaconcretegoaltoworktowardgives

employeesdirectionandpositivityintheworkplace.Employeesliketoknowthat

theirhardworkisdirectedtowardaparticularend.3Thiscanbeassimpleas

expressingyourprideduringastaffmeeting.

Putonasmile.Evenifyou,rehavingadifficultday,youcanspreadpositivity

bysmiling.Whenabossissmiling,theiremployeesfindreasonstosmile,too.4

Haveanofficewellnessprogram.Haveyourhumanresourcesstaffarrangea

fitnessprogramforyouremployees.5Don,tbepunitive（惩罚性的）andtiring.

Lettingyouremployeeshaveabreaktorelaxwillmakethemhappierandmore

productive.

A.Makeitfun.

B.Encouragecommunication.

C.Haveanattitudeofgratitude.

D.Whenthegoalsarereached,havealittlecelebration.

E.Whenemployeesarenotlistenedto,theyfeelunappreciated.

F.Ifthebossisdisrespectful,thatwillbecomepartofthecompanyculture.

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G.Dealingwithabosswhoisalwaysseriousmakestheemployeesdifficultto

workwith.

课时作业（十）

层级一课时跟踪检测

维度1

1.mankind2.launched3.disappointing4.determined

5.astronaut

维度2

1.signalled2.independently3.related4.totaste5.on

维度3

1.lookedaroundindisappointment/disappointedly

2.soasto/inordertoconcentrateon

3.That,swhyI,mwritingtoapplyfor

4.amdeterminedtoovercome

5.beindependentandbecometrulysuccessful

6.Notonlydowelistentolectures

维度4

1.答案与解析：Determined考查非谓语动词。bedeterminedtodoSth.意为“下

决心做某事”，为固定搭配，此处为形容词短语作状语。

2.答案与解析：vehicles考查名词。VehiCIe为可数名词，此处表示复数含义，应

用复数形式。

3.答案与解析：a考查冠词。此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，reaIity意为“现

实”时为可数名词，此处表泛指，其前应用不定冠词a。“makesth.areality"意为"使

某事成为现实”。

4.答案与解析：totravel考查非谓语动词。名词前有thefirst修饰，其后应用

不定式作定语。

5.答案与解析：historic考查形容词。设空处修饰名词，应用形容词形式，此处表

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示“历史上重要的”。

6.答案与解析：than考查关系词。此处表示比较含义，应用关系词than。

7.答案与解析：which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语

从句，关系词在从句中作主语，代指前面整个主句。

8.答案与解析：independently考查副词。设空处修饰动词Send,应用副词。

9.答案与解析：in考查介词。resultin意为“导致”，为固定搭配。

10.答案与解析：faded考查动词的时态。设空处在此是谓语动词，与主语之间是主

动关系，描述发生在过去的动作，所以应用一般过去时•

层级二主题阅读训练

I.阅读理解

A

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了国家航天中心的一些参观信息。

1.答案与解析:B细节理解题。根据EXitthroUghthegiftShop?中的"It'sstocked

withsouvenirsincludingbooks,gamesandtelescopes.,,可知,国家航天中心可以买

到书、游戏和望远镜。

2.答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据Whataboutlunch?中的"Thecafeoffers

vegetarianoptiontoo.",可知，该中心还提供素食。

3.答案与解析：D主旨大意题。根据全文TiCket票价；OPeninghours开放时间；

Whataboutlunch?午餐呢？Exitthroughthegiftshop?从礼品店出门？可知，文章

主要介绍了国家航天中心的一些参观信息。

B

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空垃圾所导致的问题以及解决太

空垃圾的办法。

4.答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知在过去的几十年里，卫星和火

箭被发射到太空，在它们发射的过程中散落在宇宙中。因此，“轨道上的旧火箭碎片”是

太空垃圾。

5.答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据文章第二段第四句可知，令人担忧的是，如果

我们不尽快将这些碎片从空中清除出去，它将对运行中的卫星构成巨大威胁。因此，太空

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垃圾会导致运行中的卫星处于危险中。

6.答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句可知，可以确保某些轨道

不会因为碎片太多而让后代无法进入。因此，太空轨道上有太多的碎片会让后代无法进入

轨道。

7.答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，我们需要寻找创造更

少垃圾的方法一一这不应该是科幻小说里的东西.因此，“停止阅读科幻小说”并不能解

决此问题。

C

【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章列举了太空研究的好处，如提供衍生技术以及

带来直接的经济效益等。

8.答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据第二段中的"Actually,themoneygoesto

workersandscientistsw和“goestomajorcompaniesthatplayimportantroles”

可知，事实上，钱花在了工作人员和科学家以及在美国经济中起重要作用的公司身上。由

此可知第二段给出的是分析说明。故选B。

9.答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第三段中的第三句可知，救生颌的作用是挽救出

车祸的人。故选A。

10.答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第三段中的第一句及最后一段内容可知，作者

认为太空探索有很多好处。故选D。

11.答案与解析：B标题归纳题。文章第一段提出问题“Doestheextremecostof

spaceexplorationmakesense?”，文章最后给出回答"Asamatteroffact,themoney

spenthelpstoimprovethequalityofourlives.,,,由此可知，本文是在讨论用于太

空探索的钱花得值不值。故选B。

D

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了植树给学生学习、老师教学以及学

生身心健康带来的好处，建议学校开展植树这一项目。

12.答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第二段“Theyarealsointerestedinprojects

thatcanmakeadifferencetotheircommunity,scarbonfootprints.,,而根据第二段

第一句"Thefirstandmostobviousbenefitofstartingatree-plantingprogramis

theenvironmentalimpact,n可知，孩子们参加植树项目可以为社区减少碳足迹的努力作

出贡献。

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13.答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第三段“Atree-plant