《中考复习新导引英语》课件专题9 句子（一）

专题9中考新导引复习讲义句子（一）1Therebe结构

“Therebe+某物或某人+某地或某时”结构表示“某地或某时有某物或某人”。这种结构中的be和后面的名词在数方面必须一致。当名词为不可数名词时，be动词应为单数形式。例如：Thereisasupermarketonthatroad.Therearemanypeoplehereonvacation.Thereissomemilkinthefridge.当后面的名词有并列主语时，往往根据靠近be动词的那个主语的单复数来确定be的形式，即“就近原则”。例如：Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.Therearetwoboysandagirlintheroom.1Therebe结构be动词有各种时态的变化。例如：Therewasaparkinfrontofthebuildinginthepast.Thereweremanypeopleinthestreetlastnight.Thereisgoingtobeabasketballgameinourschooltomorrow.Ithinktherewillbeonlyonecountryintheworld.Therehavebeenlotsofchangesinthelastfewyears.thereis/are/was/were变疑问式时要将be动词置于there前，变否定式时在be动词后加not。例如：Isthereabankintheneighborhood?Thereweren’tmanypeopleonvacationlastsummer.1Therebe结构therewillbe变疑问式时要将will置于there前，变否定式时在will后加not。例如：Willtherebemorepeopleinthefuture?Therewon’tbemorecarsin50years.have意思是“拥有”，主语一般是人。如果主语是物，表示“某物本身拥有”。例如：Ihavearoundfaceandbigeyes.Thetablehasthreelegs.Theislandhasanareaof0.46squarekilometers.2陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句(1)陈述句

陈述句用于说明事实或陈述说话人的看法，包括肯定结构和否定结构。例如：MynameisJennyGreen.Hamburgersarenothealthy.(2)疑问句①一般疑问句一般疑问句是在句子中用提问的方式提供一些信息，要求用Yes或No回答的疑问句。一般疑问句常以be动词、助动词或情态动词开头。例如：Isthisyourpencil?Didyougoshoppingyesterdayafternoon?Canyouplaytheguitar?2陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句②特殊疑问句特殊疑问是以特殊疑问词（如who,what,how,when,where,why等）开始的以寻求信息为目的的疑问句。当疑问词不是主语时，特殊疑问句的结构是：疑问词+一般疑问句。例如:Whereishefrom?Whendoyouusuallygetup?Whodidyourfathertalktojustnow?当疑问词是主语时，特殊疑问句的结构是：疑问词+谓语动词。例如:Whocleanedtheroomjustnow?Whatmakesyousounhappy?2陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句③选择疑问句选择疑问句是指说话人提出两种或两种以上情况，问对方选择那一种，最后两个选择项之间用or连接。回答不能用Yes或No。例如：—AreyouanEnglishmanoranAmerican?—I’manEnglishman.④反意疑问句反意疑问句提出情况或看法，问对方同不同意。这种问句都由两部分组成，前一部分用陈述句的形式，后一部分是一个附着在前一部分的简短问句。当前一部分为肯定形式时，后一部分通常用否定形式；当前一部分为否定形式时，后一部分通常用肯定形式。例如：2陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句It’safineday,isn’tit?Youlikesports,don’tyou?Lucycanswim,can’tshe?Thereisadictionaryonyourdesk,isn’tthere?OurEnglishteacherdidn’tleaveushomework,didhe?Thetwinsaren’tfromAmerica,arethey?Samcouldhardly

walkattheendofthetrip,couldhe?当前一部分为否定形式时，在翻译时要特别注意：—Youaren’tastudent,areyou?—Yes,Iam.不，我是。或

—No,I’mnot.是的，我不是。在回答这种结构时，不要出现Yes,I’mnot或No,Iam之类的答语。2陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句另外，祈使句后也可以加一个简短问句，使口气变得客气一些。这时，陈述部分和疑问部分不存在“前肯定后否定、前否定后肯定”的反意关系。例如：Havealittlemorecoffee,will/won’tyou?Let’smeetatthestation,shallwe?(3)祈使句祈使句一般用来表示请求、命令、劝告、建议等，它的结构与陈述句一样，但主语常省略，谓语动词用原形。祈使句的否定结构用“don’t+动词原形”,句末用句号或感叹号。例如：Openthedoor,please!Pleasedon’tmakeanynoise.2陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句(4)感叹句感叹句用于表达强烈的感情。这类句子中很多是用what或how引起的，what用来修饰一个名词，how修饰形容词、副词和动词。感叹句基本结构：

(1)What(a/an)+形容词+名词(主语+动词)！WhatagoodteacherMr.Greenis!Whatagreattimethetouristshadtoday!Whatdeliciousfoodwehadlastnight!主语和名词重复时，一般使用人称代词。Whatatallboy(heis)!Whatbeautifulflowers(theyare)!Whatlovelyweather(itis)!2陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句(2)How（+形容词或副词）+主语+动词！Howtalltheboyis!Howterriblethefoodtastes!Howhappilytheywereplaying!HowI’vechanged!Howhewishestogotocollege!选择括号内的动词填空。精练291.There__________(is,are)adictionaryandtwobooksonthedesk.2.There__________(is,are)goingtobetwobasketballgamesthisevening.3.Thereisgoingto__________(be,have)aspeechinthehalltomorrowafternoon.4.Willthere__________(be,have)morepollutionontheearthin100years?5.Infrontofthehouse__________(has,thereis)aclearriver.6.Aclock__________(has,thereis)aroundface.isarebebethereishas将下列反意疑问句补充完整。精练301.Thetrainisalwayslate,__________?2.Younevergotoschoollate,__________?3.Itlookslikerain,______________?4.Samwenttothefarmyesterday,______________?5.Lucywillcometotheparty,____________?6.Therewerelotsofpeopleattheparty,________________?7.LucyandLilyaren’tEnglish,__________?8.Theboycanhardlyswim,__________?isn’titdoyoudoesn’titdidn’thewon’tsheweren’ttherearetheycanhe用括号内的词将下列各句改为感叹句。精练311.Themovieisreallyinteresting.（what）______________________________________________________2.Thefoodisverydelicious.(what)______________________________________________________3.Theflowersarereallybeautiful.(what)______________________________________________________4.Themusicianplayedreallyloudmusicattheparty.(what)______________________________________________________5.Thestreetlooksverycleannow.(how)______________________________________________________6.Thechildrenweredancingquitehappilylastnight.(how)___________________________