2024年高考英语押题卷02（全国通用）（解析版）

2024年高考英语押题卷02（全国通用）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分1.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.答案是C。1．（2024·四川乐山·统考一模）Whatisthewomandoing?A．Offeringadvice. B．Sellingclothes. C．Askingforhelp.【答案】A【原文】M:I’mnotsurewhethertowearthisshirtwithmyjeans.Whatdoyouthink?W:Ithinkyourwhiteshirtgoeswellwiththedarkbluejeans.ButnowI’mnotsureaboutthatgreensweateroveryourshirt.Howaboutwearingyourjacketinstead?2．（2024·全国·校联考模拟预测）Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A．Theweather. B．Drivinglessons. C．Theman’swork.【答案】A【原文】W:Bringyourumbrellatoworktoday.Itlookslikethereisgoingtobeastorm.M:Ihavemyraincoatinthecar,soIamnotworried.W:OK,butalsoremembertodriveslowlyifitstartstorain.3．（2024·全国·校联考模拟预测）Whydoesthewomangivethecall?A．Tobookatable. B．Tomakeanappointment. C．Tochangethedateofmeeting.【答案】B【原文】M:Goodafternoon,ParkDentalAssociates.CanIhelpyou?W:Goodafternoon,I’dliketoseeDoctorBryantat9a.m.onFriday,please!M:I’msorry,DoctorBryant’sscheduleisfullonthatday.CanIfityouinonSaturday?W:Yes,that’sfine.4．（2024·全国·校联考模拟预测）Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Atabusstop. B．Atschool. C．Athome.【答案】C【原文】W:Luke,Hurryup!Theschoolbuswillbearrivingin5minutes.Youcan’tmissitoryou’llbelatefortheexamtoday.M:It’sOK,mom.Thedriverknowsit,sohewillmakesureeverybodyisonboard.5．（2024·全国·校联考模拟预测）Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutflight?A．Anxious. B．Excited. C．Dissatisfied.【答案】C【原文】M:Howwasyourtrip?Iseverythingallright?W:Wewaitedforalongtimebeforetheplanetookoff,andtheseatmademeuncomfortable.Now,Ijustwanttogotomybedandgetsomerest.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段对话，回答第6、7题。（2024·全国·校联考模拟预测）6．What’sthebestlanguagestudymethodaccordingtotheman?A．Usinganapp. B．Listeningtonews. C．Speakingwithlocalpeople.7．Whatdoesthemanvaluemost?A．Touringthecountry. B．Exploringlocalcafes. C．Gettinginvolvedintheculture.【答案】6．C7．C【原文】W:How’syourFrenchcomingalong?Areyoustillpracticingdaily?M:Yeah,onehouraday.It’simprovedfromgreetingstobasicconversations.W:Great!Couldyourecommendanyapps?M:Well,there’sonenamed“EnProvence”.AndIlistentolocalnewssometimes,butnothingbeatschattingwithpeopleatthelocalFrenchcafe.W:AnditishandyinFrancetoo,right?M:Absolutely.Byengagingmyselfintheculture,I’lltrulybecomeapartofthelocalcommunity.It’simportanttohaveagenuineexperienceratherthanjustbeingatourist.W:Thatsoundsamazing.I’mplanningtovisitParisnextyeartoo.MaybeIshouldstartlearningFrenchaswell.M:Definitely!听第7段对话，回答第8、9题。（2024·全国·校联考模拟预测）8．Howmuchdoesanentranceticketcost?A．Twodollars. B．Fivedollars. C．Sevendollars.9．Inwhatwaydoesthewomanpay?A．Bycheque. B．Incash. C．Bycreditcard.【答案】8．B9．B【原文】W:I’dlikeatickettothefair,please.M:OK.Thisisanentranceticketonly.Ifyou’dliketogotothepettingzooorthehorseride,therewillbeanextrafee.W:Howmuchdothosecost?M:Thepettingzoois$2,andthehorserideis$3.W:I’llbuyatickettothepettingzooaswell,please.M:Yourtotalcomesto$7.W:Doyoutakecreditcards?M:No,wetakecashonly.W:Okay,hereyougo.听第8段对话，回答第10至12题。（2024·全国·校联考模拟预测）10．Howdidthewomanknowabouttheapartment?A．Fromafriend. B．Fromtheformerrenter. C．Fromanadvertisement.11．Whenwilltheapartmentbecleaned?A．Ontomorrowafternoon. B．Infivedays. C．Intendays.12．Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheapartment?A．Itisn’tfurnished. B．It’squiteconvenient. C．It’sinneedofrepair.13．Whatmayannoythewoman?A．Movinghouse. B．Somethingoftengoeswrong. C．Walkingalongwaytobuythings.【答案】10．C11．A12．B13．B【原文】W:Hello,thisisPamela.I’dliketoseetheapartmentyouadvertised.M:Hello,Pamela.I’mfreewheneveryoucome.W:Soundsgood.Oh,I’msatisfiedwiththepicturesyouputupthere,butIthinkI’dbetterhavealook.M:Ofcourse.Theformerrenterjustmovedoutyesterday,soIhaven’tcleanedityet.W:ThehouseIliveinnowisdueintendays.M:Inthatcase,Iwillhavetheroomcleanedtomorrowafternoon.W:Great.Bytheway,arethereanyshoppingcentersnearby?M:Yes,it’saboutfiveminutes’walk.Undergroundandbusstationarequitenear,too.W:Cool.Isthehousewell-furnished?Andisthatingoodcondition?M:Yeah.AndIwillcheckalltheequipmentbeforeyoumovein.W:Thankyouverymuch.Youknow,it’sannoyingifsomethingoftenbreaks.M:Don’tworry,madam.W:OK.I’llcallyoulater.听第9段对话，回答第13至16题。（2024·河南新乡·统考一模）14．Wherewillthemanbeat11:00thismorning?A．Attheoffice. B．Attheairport. C．Attherestaurant.15．Whatwillthemanprobablybedoingat2:00thisafternoon?A．Havingameeting. B．Receivingaguest. C．Readingareport.16．Whenwillthewomanseetheman?A．Thisafternoon. B．Tomorrowmorning. C．Thisnoon.【答案】14．B15．A16．B【原文】W:Hello,MrWhite.Doyouthinkit’spossibleforustotalksometimetoday?M:I’dloveto,MissWilson.ButIhavegotaprettytightscheduletoday.Ihavegottofinishreadingtheyearlyfinancialreportby10:00.ThenIhavetodrivetotheairporttopickupanadvertiserat11:00.Afterthat,Iwillhaveameetingwithhimoverlunch.W:CanIseeyouafterlunch?M:Well,letmesee.Afterlunch,Ihavetoattendaseniorstaffmeeting,whichmaylastabouttwohours.Canyoucomeat3:00?Er,Iwillhaveameetingwithmysalesteam.IthinkwecantalkforanhourbeforeImeetmysalesteamat4:00.W:I’mafraidanhouristooshort.Wehavetoomanythingstodiscuss.Whatabouttomorrowmorning?M:9:00to11:00then.Iwillwaitforyouattheoffice.W:OK,seeyouthen.听第10段对话，回答第17至20题。（2024·陕西汉中·统考一模）17．Whatisthewomancookingnow?A．Spaghetti. B．Pizza. C．Friedchicken.18．Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthefood?A．Indifferent. B．Interested. C．Worried.19．Fromwhomdidthewomangettherecipe?A．Arelative. B．Afriend. C．Arestaurantowner.20．Whatdidthewomanplantodotonight?A．Goshoppingforfood. B．Teachthemantocook. C．Entertainfriendsathome.【答案】17．A18．B19．A20．C【原文】M:Hello,Heidi.Somethingsmellsgood!Whatareyoumakingfordinnertonight?W:Oh,hey,Vince.Iamtryingoutanewrecipe-spaghetti(意大利面)withhomemadetomatosauce.M:Wow,thatsoundsdelicious.Howdoyoumakeit?W:Igotabunchoftomatoes,oliveoil,garlic,andsalt.Icookedeverythingquicklyinalittlebitofwater.Then,Iletitcookslowlyforovertwohours.M:Wheredidyoufindtherecipe?Iamalwaysinterestedinideasfornewmeals.Thisonesoundsamazing!W:Mycousinsentmetherecipe.Heisachefatanicerestaurant.Iamsureitwillbegreat.M:CanItrysomeofitwhenyou’refinishedcooking?Spaghettiisoneofmyfavoritefoods.W:Certainly.Iwasabouttoinvitesomeofmyotherfriendstocomeoverfordinner,too.Thereshouldbeplentyoffood--pizzas,salads,friedchicken...Everythingshouldbereadybysixo’clock.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A（2024·四川绵阳·统考一模）TheupcomingChina-CentralAsiaSummitistobeheldinXi’an,whichhasahistoryofover3,000yearsandenjoysareputationasa“LivingHistoryMuseum”.Ifyouareamongtheparticipants,justenjoythefollowing.TheTerracottaArmyItisoneofthegreatestdiscoveriesofthe20thcentury.Discoveredin1974,thearmyofTerracottaWarriorswasconstructedbyChina’sFirstEmperorQinshihuangoftheQinDynasty(221BC-207BC)withacollectionofthousandsoflife-sizeterracottasoldiersandhorsesdifferinginfacialfeaturesandexpressions,clothing,hairstyleandalsobodyposition.AncientCityWallItwasbuiltinthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang,thefirstEmperoroftheMingdynasty(1368–1644).Nowitisoneoftheoldestandbest-preservedChinesecitywalls.Thewallisnowalandmark,whereyoucanenjoyagoodviewofthecity.GiantWildGoosePagodaOneofChina’smostfamousBuddhistpagodas,theGiantWildGoosePagoda,wasbuiltintheTangDynasty(618-907)forthestudyofBuddhistscriptures(经典).OneofitsmainfunctionswastostorescripturesbroughttoChinafromIndiabythefamousmonkandtravelerXuanZang.ShaanxiHistoryMuseumItishometoover370,000precioustreasuresunearthedinShaanxi.Itscollectionsrangefrombronzewarestopottery(陶)figures,goldandpaintingsfromtheTangDynastytombs.Amongitspreciouscollections,somepieceshavebeenlistedasnationaltreasures.21．Wherecanyougoifyou’reintoancientChina’stroops?A．TheTerracottaArmy. B．AncientCityWall.C．GiantWildGoosePagoda. D．ShaanxiHistoryMuseum.22．Whatdothefourattractionshaveincommon?A．Theydatebackto1,000yearsago.B．Theyhavewonderfultallbuildings.C．TheyshowthegreathistoricalcharmofXi’an.D．Theyhaveawiderangeofpreciouscollections.23．Whoisthepassagemainlyintendedfor?A．ThetravelerstoXi’an.B．Thehistory-loverstoXi’an.C．TheparticipantstoasummitinXi’an.D．ThevisitorstoafamousmuseuminXi’an.【答案】21．A22．C23．C【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个位于西安，具有历史和文化价值的景点。21．细节理解题。根据文章TheTerracottaArmy部分中“Discoveredin1974,thearmyofTerracottaWarriorswasconstructedbyChina’sFirstEmperorQinshihuangoftheQinDynasty(221BC-207BC)withacollectionofthousandsoflife-sizeterracottasoldiersandhorsesdifferinginfacialfeaturesandexpressions,clothing,hairstyleandalsobodyposition.(兵马俑于1974年被发现，是由中国秦始皇秦朝(公元前221年-公元前207年)建造的，有数千个真人大小的兵马俑，在面部特征和表情、服装、发型和身体姿势上各不相同)”可知，如果你想了解古代中国的军队，你可以去兵马俑。故选A项。22．细节理解题。根据文章TheTerracottaArmy部分中“Itisoneofthegreatestdiscoveriesofthe20thcentury.(这是20世纪最伟大的发现之一)”和AncientCityWall部分中“Nowitisoneoftheoldestandbest-preservedChinesecitywalls.(现在它是中国最古老、保存最完好的城墙之一)”和GiantWildGoosePagoda部分中“Itwasbuiltinthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang,thefirstEmperoroftheMingdynasty(1368–1644).(它是明朝(1368-1644)第一任皇帝朱元璋于14世纪建造的)”和ShaanxiHistoryMuseum部分中“Itscollectionsrangefrombronzewarestopottery(陶)figures,goldandpaintingsfromtheTangDynastytombs.(它的藏品包括青铜器、陶俑、黄金和唐代墓葬的绘画)”可知，这四个景点的共同之处是它们展现了西安伟大的历史魅力。故选C项。23．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“TheupcomingChina-CentralAsiaSummitistobeheldinXi’an,whichhasahistoryofover3,000yearsandenjoysareputationasa“LivingHistoryMuseum”.Ifyouareamongtheparticipants,justenjoythefollowing.(即将召开的中国-中亚领导人会议将在拥有3000多年历史、有“活历史博物馆”美誉的西安举行。如果你是参与者之一，请享受以下内容)”可推知，这篇文章主要是写给出席西安峰会的与会者看的。故选C项。B（2024·四川内江·统考一模）Inelementaryschool,GlennCameronwasveryawareofthechallengesfacedbyhisfriend,Roger,whowasmissingahand.Nowhehasbuiltanartificialhelperforhim.Therobotichandiscalled“Dexi”.Itseachfingercanmoveindependently.Thestrengthandspeedofthehand’s“muscles”canbecontrolled.Thefingersstopclosingwhentheycomeacrosssomething,allowingthehandtoshakehands,forexample.He’salsocreatedadigitalversionofthishand,whichrespondsonacomputerscreen.Thesystemconsideredunusualbyexpertsisthatittakeselectricalsignalsfromahumanbrainandsendsthemtoacomputer.Cameronmanagedtoapplythebraininterface(接口)afterhundredsofexperiments.Wearingaspecialheadset,hecanopenandclosetherobotichandjustbythinking.Tomakethehandclose,he“sees”afistinhishead.Toopenthehand,hethinksaboutthebeep(嘟嘟声).Infact,Cameron’sfirstrobotichandwas3Dprintedfromanonlinerobotkit.Realizingthehandwastoolimited,hedecidedtobuildhisown.Itwasquiteachallenge,buthisnewversionwasbetter.It’salsocheap,comparedtomanyotherrobotichandprojects.Mr.Cameronsaysdesigningandbuildingthehandishardandfindsprogrammingcomputerseasier.ThencametheoneRogerisusing.Cameronisworkingonahandthatcanactuallybeusedbyapersonwho’slostahandatpresent.Hesaysthenewhandwillbesimpler,becausetherewon’tbeasmuchspace.Tomakeupforthis,he’saddingaminicameraandtryingtomakethehandsmarter.Hewantstoletusersthinkofataskandhavethehanddoitautomatically.Cameronencouragesyoungpeoplewhothinktheymightwanttodosomethingdemandingandsimilar:“Youjustbeginworkingtowardsit,takingonelittlestepatatime,purposefulanddetermined,soonerorlateryou’regoingtogettowhereyoulongfor.”24．What’sthemostspecialabouttherobotichandRogeruses?A．Theminicamera. B．Controllablemuscles.C．3Dprinting. D．Thebraininterface.25．WhichversionoftheartificialhanddoesDexibelongto?A．Thefirst. B．Thesecond. C．Thethird. D．Thefourth.26．WhichsayingdoCameron’swordsconvey?A．Wellbegunishalfdone.B．Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.C．Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.D．Thelongestjourneybeginswiththefirststep.27．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Cameron’sroadtosuccess. B．Arobotichelperforthedisabled.C．Cameron’slatestartificialhanddesign. D．TheevolutionofCameron’srobotichands.【答案】24．D25．C26．B27．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Cameron为了帮助失去了一只手的朋友Roger，为他设计并制造出了可以由电脑控制的机械手。24．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thesystemconsideredunusualbyexpertsisthatittakeselectricalsignalsfromahumanbrainandsendsthemtoacomputer.Cameronmanagedtoapplythebraininterface(接口)afterhundredsofexperiments.(这个系统被专家认为是不寻常的，它从人脑中获取电信号并将其发送给计算机。经过数百次实验，Cameron设法成功地应用了大脑接口。)”可知，Roger使用的机械手最特别的地方是大脑接口。故选D项。25．推理判断题。根据第三段“Infact,Cameron’sfirstrobotichandwas3Dprintedfromanonlinerobotkit.Realizingthehandwastoolimited,hedecidedtobuildhisown.Itwasquiteachallenge,buthisnewversionwasbetter.It’salsocheap,comparedtomanyotherrobotichandprojects.Mr.Cameronsaysdesigningandbuildingthehandishardandfindsprogrammingcomputerseasier.ThencametheoneRogerisusing.(事实上，Cameron的第一只机械手是用在线机器人套件3D打印出来的。意识到这只手太有限，他决定自己制造一只机械手。这是一个相当大的挑战，但他的新版本更好。与许多其他机械手项目相比，它也很便宜。Cameron先生说，设计和制造机械手是困难的，而给电脑编程更容易。然后就有了Roger正在使用的那个。)”可知，Roger的第一只机械手是Cameron在网上3D打印的，第二只是Cameron自己制造的，后来又有了Roger现在用的这只Dexi，所以Dexi是第三个版本。故选C项。26．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Cameronencouragesyoungpeoplewhothinktheymightwanttodosomethingdemandingandsimilar:‘Youjustbeginworkingtowardsit,takingonelittlestepatatime,purposefulanddetermined,soonerorlateryou’regoingtogettowhereyoulongfor.’(Cameron鼓励那些想要做一些有挑战性的类似的事情的年轻人:‘你只要开始朝着它努力，一次迈出一小步，有目标，有决心，迟早你会到达你渴望的地方。’)”可知，Cameron想要表达只要有梦想，并为之坚持，就会成功，即“有志者，事竟成”。故选B项。27．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Inelementaryschool,GlennCameronwasveryawareofthechallengesfacedbyhisfriend,Roger,whowasmissingahand.Nowhehasbuiltanartificialhelperforhim.(上小学的时候，GlennCameron非常清楚他的朋友Roger所面临的挑战，他失去了一只手。现在他为他制造了一只机械手来帮助他。)”和第三段“Infact,Cameron’sfirstrobotichandwas3Dprintedfromanonlinerobotkit.Realizingthehandwastoolimited,hedecidedtobuildhisown.Itwasquiteachallenge,buthisnewversionwasbetter.It’salsocheap,comparedtomanyotherrobotichandprojects.Mr.Cameronsaysdesigningandbuildingthehandishardandfindsprogrammingcomputerseasier.ThencametheoneRogerisusing.(事实上，Cameron的第一只机械手是用在线机器人套件3D打印出来的。意识到这只手太有限，他决定自己制造一只机械手。这是一个相当大的挑战，但他的新版本更好。与许多其他机械手项目相比，它也很便宜。Cameron先生说，设计和制造机械手是困难的，而给电脑编程更容易。然后就有了Roger正在使用的那个。)”可知，本文主要叙述了Cameron为帮助朋友，经过几次尝试，终于成功设计并制造了可以由电脑控制的机械手。D项“Cameron机械手的演变”能概括文章大意，符合题意。故选D项。C（2024·全国·校联考模拟预测）Themeasurementofbloodpressuregoesbackalmostthreecenturies,leadingtotheprocedurethatweallknowandthatourfamilydoctorperformswhenwehavecheckups:Acuff(袖口)goesaroundourarm,whichisfirstinflated(膨胀),andthendeflated(放气),inacontrolledmanner,todetermineourmaximumandminimumbloodpressure.Buttheuseofinflatable-cuffbloodpressuremonitorshassomedisadvantages.Foronething,unlesspeoplehavehomemonitors,theymustgotoachemistryshop,doctor’sofficeorhealthcentertolearnwhattheirbloodpressureis.Anotherbarrieristhatrepeatedinflationanddeflationofthecuffcancausedifficultieswhen,forexample,apatientisinthehospitalandneedsfrequentbloodpressuremonitoring.Andthelastoneisthatsincecuffsdon’tallowcontinuousmeasurementofbloodpressure,they’reonlyprovidingameasurementataspecificmoment.Today,anewgenerationofbloodpressuredeviceshavebeendevelopedandtheiraimistomakeiteasiertojudgehighbloodpressure.Unliketraditionaldevices,theydowithoutthearmcuffandofferbloodpressurevaluesondemand.Usersjustpresstheirfingeronasensoronawatchandring.Thevariouscufflessmeasuringdevicesarebasedonmethodsthat,insteadofdirectlydeterminingbloodpressure,usesensorstocapturevariousindirectsignals.Thesesignalsareprocessedbydifferentsetsofmathematicalprocedurestoobtainthebloodpressurevalues.Itislikeinferringfeverbymeasuringanincreaseinheartbeatandsweatinginsteadofusingathermometer(体温表),ordiviningtheresultofasoccermatchfromoutsidethestadiumbylisteningtothescreamsofthesoccerfans.Thedevelopmentofdevicesformeasuringbloodpressurewithoutabloodpressurecuffisprogressingrapidly,butthatdoesn’tmeantheyarereadyusedtomakediagnosticandtreatmentdecisions.“Theroadtoclinicalapplicationmaybesomedayinthenearfuture,butnotnow,”Avoliosays.28．Howmanydrawbacksofinflatable-cuffbloodpressuremonitorsarethereinthetext?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.29．WhichwordcanreplacetheunderlinewordinPara.4?A．changing. B．describing. C．guessing. D．remembering.30．What’sthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theworkingprincipleofcufflessmeasuringdevices.B．Thedifferentmethodsforsettingmathematicalprocedures.C．Thewayofcufflessmeasuringdevicestomeasureindirectsignals.D．Theconnectionbetweeninferringfeverandmeasuringbloodpressure.31．Whatwillthewritermostprobablytalkaboutoncufflessmeasuringdevicesnext?A．Theissueofmass-producingthem.B．Theprocessingtechniquesofthem.C．Thecompetitiveintensityamongtheirproducers.D．Thereasonsforthemnotbeingusedinthemedicalworldcurrently.【答案】28．B29．C30．A31．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新一代的血压测量设备。28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Foronething,unlesspeoplehavehomemonitors,theymustgotoachemistryshop,doctor’sofficeorhealthcentertolearnwhattheirbloodpressureis.Anotherbarrieristhatrepeatedinflationanddeflationofthecuffcancausedifficultieswhen,forexample,apatientisinthehospitalandneedsfrequentbloodpressuremonitoring.Andthelastoneisthatsincecuffsdon’tallowcontinuousmeasurementofbloodpressure,they’reonlyprovidingameasurementataspecificmoment.(一方面，除非人们有家用监测仪，否则他们必须去化学商店、医生办公室或健康中心了解他们的血压。另一个障碍是，袖带的反复充气和充气可能会造成困难，例如，当病人住院并需要频繁监测血压时。最后一点是，由于袖口不允许持续测量血压，它们只能提供特定时刻的测量。)”可知，传统的可充气的臂袖式血压仪有三个不足之处。故选B项。29．词句猜测题。第四段划线词句前半部分“Itislikeinferringfeverbymeasuringanincreaseinheartbeatandsweatinginsteadofusingathermometer(体温表),(这就像不使用体温表，而是通过心跳和出汗的增加来推测发烧，)”列举了一种间接推测的事例，从而推知划线部分“ordiviningtheresultofasoccermatchfromoutsidethestadiumbylisteningtothescreamsofthesoccerfans(或者通过球迷的尖叫声来divining足球比赛的结果。)”其中划线单词意思是“（间接）猜测（足球比赛结果）”。故选C项。30．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Thevariouscufflessmeasuringdevicesarebasedonmethodsthat,insteadofdirectlydeterminingbloodpressure,usesensorstocapturevariousindirectsignals.Thesesignalsareprocessedbydifferentsetsofmathematicalprocedurestoobtainthebloodpressurevalues.(各种无臂袖测量设备的方法，而不是直接测量血压，使用传感器捕捉各种间接信号。这些信号经过不同的数学程序处理，得到血压值。)”可知，本段主要讲的是无臂袖式测量设备的工作原理。故选A项。31．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thedevelopmentofdevicesformeasuringbloodpressurewithoutabloodpressurecuffisprogressingrapidly,butthatdoesn’tmeantheyarereadyusedtomakediagnosticandtreatmentdecisions.(不用血压计袖带测量血压的设备正在迅速发展，但这并不意味着它们已经准备好用于诊断和治疗决策。)”以及Avolio所说“Theroadtoclinicalapplicationmaybesomedayinthenearfuture,butnotnow.(临床应用的道路可能在不久的将来的某一天，但不是现在。)”可知，接下来作者很有可能会介绍新一代无臂袖式血压测量设备在医疗行业中使用的原因。故选D项。D（2024·全国·校联考模拟预测）UnderamiddaysummersuninCalifornia’sSacramentoValley,ricefarmerPeterRystromwalksacrossadustyandbareplotofland,drysoilcrunching(碎裂)beneatheachstep.Inatypicalyear,he’dbewalkingacrossgreenricefieldsininchesofwater.Buttodaythesoilisdryandbakinginthe35℃heat.Ithasn’trainedfor4weeksinarow.“Climatechangeisexpectedtoworsenthestate’sextremeswingsinrainfall,”researchersreportedinNatureClimateChangein2018.LowwaterlevelsinrivershaveforcedfarmerslikeRystrom,whosefamilyhasbeengrowingriceonthislandforfourgenerations,toreducetheirwateruse.“Ifweloseourricecrops,wehavetodealwithseverefoodcrisis.Climatechangeisalreadythreateningrice-growingregionsaroundtheworld.Thisisnotafutureproblem.Thisishappeningnow,”saysplantgeneticistPamelaRonaldoftheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,whoidentifiesgenesinricethathelptheplantstanduptodryness,disease,flood,etc.Tosaveandevenboostproduction,ricegrowers,engineersandresearchershaveturnedtowater-savingirrigation(灌溉)routines.Buildingcanalsystemsandreservoirs(水库)canhelpfarmersdampentheirfields.Butforsome,thesolutiontorice’sclimate-relatedproblemsliesinenhancingtheplantitself.Theyholdthatestablishingricegenebanksthatstorehundredsofthousandsofricevarietiesreadytobebredintonew,dryness-tolerantvarietiesismorepracticalandeffective.SolutionsmaybehiddenintheDNAofthoseolderbreeds.Threedecadeshavepassedsinceitsinitialdevelopment,andsomeresearchersarelookingbeyondthegeneticvariabilitypreservedinricegenebanks,searchinginsteadforusefulgenesfromotherspecies,includingplantsandbacteria.Butpickinggenesfromonespeciesandputtingthemintoanother,orgeneticrecombination,remainsdebatable.ThemostfamousexampleofgeneticallychangedriceisGoldenRice(GR).“Lookingahead,itwillbecrucialforcountriestoembraceGRrice.Butitwilltaketime,”saysIsmail,principalscientistatIRRI,32．WhatproblemdoesRystromhavetodealwith?A．Thirst. B．Drought. C．Hotsun. D．Dustyweather.33．WhatcanbeinferredfromPara.3?A．Downtrendofrice-growingareasisseverenow.B．Climatechangeisathreateningfactorinthefuture.C．Humanswillfacestarvationifcropfailurehappens.D．Foodcrisisisacommonoccurrencearoundtheworld.34．What’sthepurposeofsettingupgenebanks?A．Tostoreasmanyseedsaspossible. B．Tocultivateclimate-adaptedvarieties.C．Toimprovetheefficiencyofbreeding. D．Toshowthetechnologyofgenemapping.35．What’sIsmail’sopinionaboutGR?A．Favourable. B．Impractical. C．Disapproving. D．Insecure.【答案】32．B33．C34．B35．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了气候变化已经威胁到世界各地的水稻种植区，并讨论了解决方案。32．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Buttodaythesoilisdryandbakinginthe35℃heat.Ithasn’trainedfor4weeksinarow.(但今天，土壤干燥，在35℃的高温下炙烤。已经连续四周没下雨了)”等内容和第二段中“LowwaterlevelsinrivershaveforcedfarmerslikeRystrom,whosefamilyhasbeengrowingriceonthislandforfourgenerations,toreducetheirwateruse.(河流的低水位迫使像Rystrom这样的农民减少用水量，他们的家庭已经在这片土地上种植了四代水稻)”可知，Rystrom急需解决田地干旱的问题。故选B项。33．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Ifweloseourricecrops,wehavetodealwithseverefoodcrisis.(如果我们失去了水稻作物，我们就必须应对严重的粮食危机)”可推知，如果农作物歉收，人类将面临饥荒。故选C项。34．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Theyholdthatestablishingricegenebanksthatstorehundredsofthousandsofricevarietiesreadytobebredintonew,dryness-tolerantvarietiesismorepracticalandeffective.(他们认为，建立水稻基因库，储存成千上万的水稻品种，准备培育出新的耐旱品种，是更实际和有效的)”可推知，建立基因库的目的是为了培育适应气候的品种。故选B项。35．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Ismail所说“Lookingahead,itwillbecrucialforcountriestoembraceGRrice.(展望未来，各国接受转基因大米将是至关重要的)”可推知，Ismail对GoldenRice是持赞成态度的。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2023·全国·模拟预测）Oneoftheeasiestandmostsatisfyingwaystoexpressyourcreativityisbydrawing.36Itcanalsohelpdistract(使分心)youfromnegativethoughts,clearyourmind,andprovideyouwithaconstructivewaytoreleaseemotion.Buthowtorelievestressbydrawing?◎37Contentdoesnotmatterasmuchastheideasyouassociatewithwhateveryouchoosetodraw.Ifyoufindmountainsortreesrelaxingtobearound,tryyourhandatdrawing.Otherlikelycandidatesinclude:pets,flowers,leaves,fruits,abuildingorplaceyouadmireorhavepositivememoriesin.◎Besomewherewithminimaldistractions.38Somewhereprivateisbest,asyourdrawingwillnotbedisturbedbythepresenceofothers,andyouwillbelesslikelytobeinterrupted.Drawingoutsidecanalsogiveyouinspirationandideasofthingstodraw.◎Releaseemotionontothesheetsofpaper.Withoutintendingtodrawanythinginparticular,simplyapplyyourdrawingtoablanksheetofpaper.Closeyoureyes.Focusonwhateveremotionsyou’refeelingandwouldliketogetridof.Onceyou’refocusedonemotion,allowittopassthroughyourarmandhandontothesheetofpaper.Allowyouremotion,notyourmind,togiveorderstothemovementofthepenorpencil.39◎Havesomefunwhendrawing.40Don’tworryaboutthefinalproductanddon’tjudgeyourartisticabilities.Loseyourselfintheexperienceofcreation!Sittingdowntodrawforjustafewminutescanmakeyougetaboostinenergyandmayevenfeelmoreopen-mindedfortherestoftheday.A．Letyourselfenjoytheprocess.B．Drawsomethingthatcomfortsyou.C．Justgatherthetoolsyouneedandstartdrawing.D．Further,drawingcancalmyoudowninmultipleways.E．Hangthedrawingupsomewhereitwillcatchyoureye.F．Switchoffyourphone,andavoidareaswithtelevisionsorcomputers.G．Whatevercomesoutonthepageissimplyanexpressionofyourfeelings.【答案】36．D37．B38．F39．G40．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍如何通过画画这种最简单且最令人满意的方式来缓解压力。36．根据上文“Oneoftheeasiestandmostsatisfyingwaystoexpressyourcreativityisbydrawing.(表达你的创造力的最简单和最令人满意的方法之一就是画画)”以及后文“Itcanalsohelpdistract(使分心)youfromnegativethoughts,clearyourmind,andprovideyouwithaconstructivewaytoreleaseemotion.(它还可以帮助你从消极