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2022年-2023年教师资格之中学英语学科知识与教
学能力通关题库(附答案)
单选题(共45题)
1、Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinsocietieswherethereis
amixtureofdifferentkindsofpeoplethaninsocietieswherepeople
aresimilarinmanyways.Thesimplereasonforthisisthatthere
aremoredifferentwaysoflookingatthingspresentinthefirst
kindofsociety.Therearemoreideas,moredisagreementsininterest,
andmoregroupsandorganizationswithdifferentbeliefs.Inaddition,
thereisusuallyagreaterworldlyinterestandgreatertolerancein
mixedsocieties.Allthesefactorstendtoprotnotesocialchangeby
openingmoreareasoflifetodecision.
A.peopletherehavegotsoaccustomedtotheirconditionsthatthey
seldomthinkitnecessarytochange
B.peopletherehaveidenticalneedsthatcanbesatisfiedwithout
muchdifficulty
C.peoplethereareeasytoplease
D.peopletherearelessdisputed
【答案】A
2、AccordingtoClark,ScarinoandBrownellJsview,pleaseselect
thecomponentsoftaskinTask-BasedLanguageTeaching.①purpose
②context©process©functionoflanguage©product
A.①②③⑤
B.②③④⑤
C.①②④⑤
D.①②③④
【答案】A
3、ThenumberofchildrenbeinghomeeducatedinBritainhas
increasedby65percentoverthesixyears.
A.beingrecorded
B.toberecorded
C.recorded
D.recording
【答案】c
4、Everybodysleeps,butwhatpeoplestayuplatetocatch一orwakeup
earlyinordernottomiss一variesbyculture.From
A.Theyareculture-related
B.Theyaffectpeople'shealth
C.Theychangewiththeseasons
D.Theyvaryfrompersontoperson
【答案】A
5、Passage2
A.moreeffective
B.lesscontroversial
C.lesssevere
D.morelasting
【答案】c
6、TheultimategoalofmiddleschoolEnglishteachingandlearning
isto.
A.enhancecertainbasiclanguageknowledge
B.developintegrativeabilitiesinlanguageuse
C.developintegrativeabilitiesinlanguageuse
D.fosterlistening,speaking,readingandwritingskills
【答案】B
7、Theisdesignedaccordingtothemorphologicalandsyntactic
aspectsofalanguage.
A.structuralsyllabus
B.situationalsyllabus
C.skill-basedsyllabus
D.content-basedsyllabus
【答案】A
8、请阅读短文
A.suggestsdifferentpeopleusethesamefacialexpressionstoshow
theiremotions
B.showsthathumanbeingshavemorethansevenbasicemotions
C.therearesevenbasichumanemotions
D.findsthatdifferentfacialexpressionscanbeeasilyunderstood
【答案】B
9、Polyester(聚酯)isnowbeingusedforbottles.ICI,thechemicals
andplasticscompany,believesthatitisnowbeginningtobreakthe
gripofglassonthebottlebusinessandthustakeadvantageofthis
hugemarket.
A.Thepriceofoilandplastichasrisen
B.Itisnotsuitableforcontaininggassydrinks
C.Thepublicliketraditionalglassbottles
D.Shop-keepersdislikereusablebottles
【答案】c
10、Whichstageofthespeakinglessonistheleastcontrolledby
teachers?
A.Presentation
B.Practice
C.Preparation
D.Production
【答案】D
11、Ihavepersonallycometounderstandthatempowermentisnot
alessonthatcanbethoughtbywayoftextbooksorlectures,
projectsorfieldtrips,andnotevenbywayofprinciplesand
inspirationalteaching.Itmustbetaughtbypersonalexamples.
A.Overcome
B.Encounter
C.Movearound
D.Takeaway
【答案】A
12、Passage2
A.commercialwhalingislegalintheUSA
B.whalingforlimitedscientificresearchispermitted
C.Georgiaisn,tasuitableplaceforbelugawhalestolivein
D.theGeorgiaAquarium,srequesthasn,tbeenapprovedsofar
【答案】D
13、Itisplainthatintheyear2020everyonewillhaveathiselbow
severaltimesmoremechanicalenergythanhehastoday.Therewillbe
advanceinbiologicalknowledgeasfarreachingasthosethathave
beenmadeinphysics.Weareonlybeginningtolearnthatwecan
controlourbiologicalenvironmentaswellasourphysical
one.Starvationhasbeenpredictedtwicetoagrowingworld
population:byMalthusinabout1800.byCrookesinabout1900.It
washeadedoffthefirsttimebytakingagriculturetoAmericaand
thesecondtimebyusingthenewfertilizers.Intheyear2020,
starvationwillbeheadedoffbythecontrolofthediseasesandthe
heredityofplantsandanimals-byshapingourownbiological
environment.
A.canbepredicted
B.isunavoidable
C.canbeprevented
D.ismainlycausedbypooragriculture
【答案】C
14、请阅读Passage1。完成小题。
A.Aesop,sfablesprovideavaluableglimpseintoearlyGreekthought
andbeliefs
B.themostefficientandreliablewaytostudythevaluessystemof
anancientcultureisthrough?studyofitsmythology
C.withoutathoroughexaminationofasociety,sfablesandother
mythology,aculturalstudy?onthatsocietywouldbeonlypartial
D.throughthestudyofaculture,smythologicaltradition,onecan
discernsomeofthe?underlyingbeliefsthatshapedthosestories
【答案】D
15、Inimplementationofteaching,toarousestudents?initiatives
creativityinanactivegroup,whichlearningstrategyshouldbeused?
A.independentlearning
B.cooperativelearning
C.inquiry-basedlearning
D.allabove
【答案】c
16、InspiteofallstoriesofprosperityintheUnitedStates,not
onlydoespovertyexistthere,butcrimesofvarioustypeshavebeen
increasingatanalarmingrate.Mostactsofviolencewerecommitted
byyoungpeople.57%ofthecriminalsarrestedin1979wereyouths
below25ofage.
A.theUnitedStatesisawealthycountryalthoughpovertyandcrime
existthere
B.crimehasbecomeaseriousproblemintheUnitedStates,although
itissaidtobeaprosperousone
C.despitethefactthatcrimeshavebeenincreasingrapidlyinthe
UnitedStates,itisacountryofprosperity
D.inspiteofstoriesaboutpovertyandcrimeintheUnitedStates,
itisprosperingatanincreasingrate
【答案】B
17、TheBritishMedicalJournalrecentlyfeaturedastrongresponse
towhatwasjudgedaninappropriate1ylenientreactionbyamedical
schooltoastudentcheatinginanexamination.
A.themedicalprofessionisbasedontrust
B.thereiszerotoleranceofcheatinginmedicine
C.themedicalprofessiondependsonthegovernment
D.cheatingexistsextensivelyinmedicalschools
【答案】A
18、IntheCommunicativeclassrooms,theteachermightbea
""---engagingincommunicativeactivitiesalongwith
students.
A.co-communicator
B.co-instructor
C.co-learner
D.co-performer
【答案】A
19、Backintheolddays,whenIwasachild,wesataroundthe
familyroundtableatdinnertimeandexchangedourdailyexperiences.
Itwasn,tveryorganized,buteveryonewasrecognizedandallthe
newsthathadtobetoldwastoldbyeachfamilymember.
A.thetelevisionstations
B.thesociety
C.TVprograms
D.theirparents
【答案】D
20、请阅读短文,完成第小题。
A.Itiseasiertomakesuchacomparison
B.Themaster5sprogrammaybetterillustratethedifference
C.Themaster5sprogramissimplerthanthebachelor,sprogram
D.Itisoflessinteresttothewritertocomparethebachelor,s
programs
【答案】A
21>Passage1
A.Itkeepsbuildingsmuchcoolerthanothermethods
B.Itcanbeusedbylargecitiesanywhereintheworld
C.Itismuchmoreenergy-efficientthantraditionalsystems
D.Itkeepswaterfrombeingusedformorethanonepurpose
【答案】c
22、Whichtypeofapproachcanbestdescribethefollowinglearning
patternStudentssearchformaterialsinself-assesscenter.
A.Autonomouslearning
B.Interactivelearning
C.Contextualizedlearning
D.Task-basedlearning
【答案】A
23、WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheSituationalApproach
isNOTtrue
A.Adoptaninductiveapproachtogrammarteaching
B.Encourageexplanationsofthemeaningofnewitemsinforeign
language
C.Focusonlanguageaccuracy
D.Practicestructuresandpatternsthroughrepetitionand
substitutionactivities
【答案】B
24、HelookslikeaScottish,buthisaccentmaygivehim.
A.off
B.out
C.in
D.away
【答案】D
25、CampaigningontheIndianfrontierisanexperienceby
itself.Neitherthelandscapenorthepeoplefindtheircounterparts
A.theintroductionoftherifle
B.thespreadofBritishrule
C.theextensionofluxuries
D.thespreadoftrade
【答案】A
26、Whichofthefollowingstatementsexplainsonebenefitof
inductivegrammarteaching?
A.Beingtime-saving
B.Studentsbeingactivelyinvolvedinlearning
C.Studentslearningfromclearrules
D.Fullandaccurateexplanations
【答案】B
27、“Thekeytothemedicalproblemsishealthcarereform,
saidtheminister.
A.solve
B.solving
C.beingsolved
D.besolved
【答案】B
28、Crash.Shatter.Boom.Crash.Shatter.Boom.Smatteringofsilly
dialogue.Prettygirlscreams:
A.Theaudiencesarehardtosatisfy
B.Bayisgoodatproducingmassivehit
C.OnlyBaycanbringaudiencemassivehit
D.Bayknowsabouttheaudience,smind
【答案】B
29、Whichofthefollowingactivitiesdoesnotbelongtopre-reading
activities?
A.scanning
B.settingthescene
C.skimming
D.paraphrasing
【答案】D
30、Wehopetobecomemoreinpredictingearthquake.
A.absolute
B.steady
C.ideal
D.accurate
【答案】D
31>Duringclass,theteacherleadsstudentstomemorizethe
importantpointsoftheteachingcontent.Ononehand,theteacher
helpsstudentstograspthekeypoints.Ontheotherhand,what
learningstrategyistheteacherteaching?
A.Cognitivestrategy
B.Seif-managementstrategy
C.Communicationstrategy
D.Resourcestrategy
【答案】A
32、请阅读Passage1,完成第小题。
A.Thelyricisbeautifulpoetryofactionandstory
B.Themostimportantfeatureofthelyricisitsmusicalform
C.Poetrygainsitsmeaningwhenreadsilentlyandcarefully
D.Poedefinedallpoetryaspuremusicwithchimingsyllables
【答案】B
33、请阅读短文,完成此题。
A.arecheaper
B.aremoresuitedtosmallsizes
C.aremoreexcitingtolookat
D.donotbreakeasily
【答案】D
34、请阅读短文,完成此题。
A.Thepriceofoilandplastichasrisen
B.Itisnotsuitableforcontaininggassydrinks
C.Thepublicliketraditionalglassbottles
D.Shopkeepersdislikereusablebottles
【答案】c
35、Whatdoeshe/sheintendtodowhenateacherwritesthefollowing
sentences“Shegetsupearly.Shewearsauniform.Sheworksvery
hard.”ontheblackboardatthepresentationstage?
A.Practicesentencepatternsusingmodelsentences
B.Checkifstudentscanpronouncethesentencescorrectly
C.Monitorwhetherstudentscanaccuratelyexpresstheirideas
D.Drawstudents?attentiontotheformofanewlanguageitem
【答案】D
36、Whichofthefollowingiscorrectinitsuseofpunctuation标点?
A.Theteacherasked,“Whosaid,Givemelibertyorgivemedeath”
B.Theteacherasked,“Whosaid,Givemelibertyorgivemedeath”
C.Theteacherasked,“WhosaidGivemelibertyorgivemedeath”
D.Theteacherasked,“WhosaidGivemelibertyorgivemedeath”
【答案】D
37>Passage1
A.Questionsareraisedfirstandthenexperimentstoanswerthemare
cited
B.Opinionsaregivenfirstandthenevidencesagainstthemarequoted
C.Statementscomefirstandexamplessupportingthemfollow
D.People,slongheldbeliefsarecitedfirstandexceptionscome
after
【答案】A
38、“Fall"and"autumn"aresynonyms.
A.dialectal
B.stylistic
C.evaluativelydifferent
D.semanticallydifferent
【答案】A
39、Oursensitivitydecreaseswithage.Byage60,most
peoplehavelost40percentoftheirabilitytosmelland50percent
oftheirtastebuds.
A.sensible
B.senseless
C.sensitive
D.sensory
【答案】D
40、Aroundtwoo'clockeverynight,Suewillstarttalkinginher
dream.Itsomewhatus.
A.bothers
B.hadbothereD
C.wouldbother
D.bothereD
【答案】B
41、Whichofthefollowingpracticescanencouragestudentstoread
anarticlecritically?
A.Evaluatingitspointofview
B.Findingoutthefacts
C.Findingdetailedinformation
D.Doingtranslationexercises
【答案】A
42、请阅读Passage2,完成小题:
A.Itevolvesfromcommonsense
B.Itissecondarytointelligence
C.Itshouldbepursued
D.Itignorespower
【答案】C
43、()thesamemistakesintheannualfinancialreportagainmade
hisbossveryangry.
A.Hishavingmade
B.Hehavingmade
C.Hehadmade
D.Hehasmade
【答案】A
44、Whichofthefollowingpropertyoflanguageenableslanguage
userstoovercomethebarrierscausedbytimeandplace,duetothis
featureoflanguage,speakersofalanguagearefreetotalkabout
anythinginanysituation?
A.Transferability
B.Duality
C.Displacement
D.Arbitrariness
【答案】c
45、Afterteachingsounds,ateachermakesatestthataimstofind
outwhichsoundsstudentsarenotabletopronounce.Thistest
belongsto.
A.aptitudetest
B.proficiencytest
C.achievementtest
D.diagnostictest
【答案】D
大题(共10题)
一、根据题目要求完成下列任务,用中文作答。简述课文教学“导入”活动的
目的和注意事项.并以"Talkingaboutlikesanddislikes”为例,用英文写出
两句相应的课堂导入语。
【答案】(1)导入的目的:①通过有趣的内容进行导入,能够吸引学生的注意
力,让学生从课下休闲或者疲倦的精神状态中转移过来;②导入相当于给学生
提供一个良好的英语学习环境,锻炼学生用英语思维的能力;③有利于教师自
然而然地引出本节课的内容。(2)导入的注意事项:①导入时间不宜过长,45
分钟的课堂,导入时间5分钟左右即可;②导入内容尽量与本课所教授的内容
相关联,以便更好、更自然地过渡到本节课的学习中来;③导人内容要新颖,
要有创新,否则达不到导入的效果。(3)“Talkingaboutlikesanddislikes”课
堂导入语:T:Hello,everyone.Let'Sbeginourclass.First,
lookatthepicturesinmyhands.WhichonedoyoulikebestAndwhichonedoyoudisl
ike(Studentsgivetheiranswers.)T:
Thanksforyouranswers.Asweallknow.everyonehashis/
herlikesanddislikes.Todaywewilltalkaboutyourlikesanddislikes,
andyoucanexpressyouropinionsfreely.
二、根据题目要求完成下列任务。用中文作答。什么是课堂总结它的作用是什
么请具体说出两种课堂总结方法并举例。
【答案】(1)课堂总结是在完成教学任务的终了阶段,教师富有艺术性地对所学
知识和技能进行归纳总结和转化升华的行为方式。它常用于课堂的结尾。(2)课
堂总结的作用:①归纳总结。通过总结,可以使课堂上学到的知识系统化,利
于突出重点、突破难点,引导学生整理、复习、巩固所学知识,并把新旧知识
联系起来,形成知识结构。为后续学习奠定基础②引导探索。课程结束时,可
在学生理解新课内容的基础上适当拓展知识面,引起学生更浓厚的兴趣,开拓
创造性思维;必要时可提出带有启发性的问题,设置悬念,引导学生课下探索
答案。(3)课堂总结方法:①延伸法:将课内知识向课外知识延伸,拓展学生的
知识面。新课程倡导对学生实际语言运用能力的培养,因此教师可以在课堂小
结时巧妙设计一些课外活动题。比如人教版八年级上册
Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake教给了学生如何制作奶昔、沙拉、爆米
花、面条及三明治。通过学习,学生掌握了如何用英语描述制作食品。在课堂
小结时可以给学生布置两个课外题一一用英语描述制作粽子和用英语表达不同
的烹饪方式,并且让学生在下节课进行比赛。很多学生通过课外查阅资料都获
得了答案,虽然这些内容并不是书本上的知识,但通过探究,学生的视野及知
识面都得到了拓宽。②悬念法:在老师帮助学生梳理完知识点后根据课文内容
提出疑问,让同学们带着思考问题离开课堂。因为课堂的结束并不是完结,而
是一个新的开始,此种方法还有利于下一节课的教学,可帮助老师顺利导入新
课。比如人教版七年级下册Unitl2Don'teatinclass.SectionB第一节课后,
教师可以用下列话语设置新的悬念:
“Todaywetalkedabouteveryone'sfamilyrules.Weseetheysometimeshelpbut
sometimesannoyUSalot.Andthereisagir1cal1edZhaoPeiwhohasthesameproble
m.WhatareherfamilyrulesDoesshelikethemorhatethemWhatwillshedowiththe
mWewi1Ireadherstorytomorrow.”以提问的方式引起学生们的好奇心.让他们
进行思考.为下堂课的学习做铺垫。
三、根据题目要求完成下列任务。用中文作答。请说明精听与泛听的区别,并
分别简述教师应该如何指导学生进行精听与泛听的训练。
【答案】(1)精听与泛听的区别:精听(Carefullistening)是通过听课文,再把
文章的内容感知一遍,同时可以加深对文章细节内容的深入了解。并且可以通
过一些练习来检验昕的效果,如:FillinginBlanks/TrueorFalse/Questions
/Formso泛听(Extensivelistening)是让学生初步听材料并回答问题,让学生
初步了解文章的主旨大意(mainidea)和基本信息(basicinformation)□例如:
时间、地点、原因、方式等。(2)教师在指导学生进行精听训练时,要与语音、
语法和词汇的学习相结合,可以与“听”“读”和“写”的技能训练相结合,
还可以与社会、文化背景知识的学习相结合。在进行精听训练时,教师可以指
导学生在反复多听的基础上完成一些辨音、填充缺失内容、听写的练习,之后
还可以进行一些拓展练习,如总结听力材料中出现的语音现象、跟读或朗读内
容、分析听力材料的文本结构和语言特点等。教师在指导学生进行泛听训练
时,一定要严格要求学生,听力过程应该一气呵成,中间不能停顿或来回重
复。在泛听训练中可以使用的听力练习包括:测试对听力内容是否理解的选择
题、判断题,测试能否抓住重点词句的填空题,以及用自己的语言写出或口述
出所听到的主要内容的练习等。完成这些练习后,教师要注意和学生及时总
结,或和学生共同讨论泛听的策略,例如.如何根据上下文判断生词的含义、
如何预测下文等。
四、根据题目要求完成下列任务,用中文作答。下面是某教师的课堂教学片
段:
T:Whatdidyourmumdoyesterday,WangLin?S:Mymumbuyedthedressforme.T:Oh,th
atisnice.Yourmumboughtitforyou,didshe?S:Yes.T:Wheredidshebuyit?S:Sheb
uyeditintown.T:Oh,sheboughtitintownforyou.Well,itisverynice.请根据所
给材料回答下列三个问题。(1)学生在对话中的语言错误是什么?(6分)(2)该教
师采用什么方式来纠正学生的错误?效果如何?(12分)(3)教师还可以采用哪些
方式纠错?请举例说明。(12分)
【答案】(1)该学生犯了13语语法错误,用错了动词过去式的形式。即
Mymumbuyedthedressforme.buyed-bought,
Shebuyeditintown,buyed^boughto(2)该教师采用了重述法(Recasts)来纠正
学生的错误。教师对学生语言表达中的错误进行了含蓄纠正。即先进行部分肯
定之后用正确的语言重述学生的表达,不指出错误,而通过不同的语气(如反
问)、语调、眼神、动作等,让学生自己意识到自己的错误。此纠错技巧对于纠
正学生口语中的语法错误比较有效。(3)①直接纠错法(ExplicitCorrection)当
学生出现语言错误时,教师打断语言训练或实践活动,对其错误予以正面纠正
(说出正确的语言形式。并让学生改正)。这种纠错方式常用于旨在让学生掌握
正确的语言形式而进行的机械操练或侧重语言精确输出的各种练习中。教师可
用以下课堂用语:Youshouldsay*/No,
youshouldn,tsaythat•••/Readafterme./Payattentionto***/Oh,youmean-**,
Wedon?tsay••,inEnglish,wesay・・•等,例如:T:Whatdidyoudolastnight?S:
Igotoseeamoviewithmyparents.T:
Oh.YoushouldsayIwenttoseeamoviewithmyparents??.S:
Oh.sorry.Iwenttoseeamoviewithmyparents.②强调纠错法(Pinpointing)教师
重复学生的话.有意重读并拖长出错部分的发音或用升调以表示特别强调。这种
方法常用于学生的自我纠错。这样既能纠正学生的口语错误,保证学生顺利进
行口头叙述,又能顾及学生的自尊心,促进他们参与口语活动的积极性。例
如:T:Wheredidyougoonvacationthissummer?S:
IgotoHongKongformyvacation.T:YougotoHongKong?
五、根据题目要求完成下列任务,用中文作答。下面是某初中教师的课堂教学
片段。
(TaskedSstomakesentencesaccordingtotheinformationontheBb.)T:Now,let'
slookattheblackboardandmakesentences.Isay/,Idon,thaveabasketball/zandy
ousay/zOurteacherdoesn'thaveabasketball/z.Isay/zIhaveavo11eybal1^andyou
say^Ourteacherhasavolleyball77.LiXing,makethethirdsentence...(Twrotese
ntencesontheBb.)LiXing:Tomhaveatennisracket.T:IsitcorrectNo,weshoulds
ayitlikethisz/Tomhasatennisracketz/.Wedon/tput"have"after"He,She,Tom,L
ucy”.Weshouldsay^Hehas...,Shehas...,Tomhas...,Lucyhas…”.(Twrotethew
rongsentenceontheBbandcorrectedit.)T:Nextone,LiLei,please.LiLei:Jimha
saping
pongball.T:Yes.(TwroteitontheBb.)Nextone,ZhangHong,please.ZhangHOng:L
iLeidon'thaveasoccerball.T:No,no,no.Wrongagain.Whatisthecorrectanswe
rSs:LiLeidoesn/thaveasoccerball.T:Yes.(TwrotethecorrectanswerontheBb.
)
【答案】(1)①学生在英语学习过程中缺少语言环境,受母语表达习惯影响。②
与汉语不同,英语谓语动词需要随着时态、人称和数的变化而变化。(2)该教师
采用了直接纠错法来纠正学生的错误,即学生出现语言错误时,教师对其错误
予以正面纠正(说出正确的语言形式,并让学生改正)。(3)①在课堂教学过程
中,特别是在提问的过程中,很多学生都缺乏自信,羞于开口说英语。针对学
生回答错误的情况,教师应当以鼓励性评价为主,采用多种方法适时地纠错。
通过表情、手势、语调等对学生的答案进行评价是教师课堂最常见的反馈形式
之一。学生回答问题时谓语动词使用错误,教师最好不要马上否认学生,试着
多次重复,并放慢语速,或者摆摆手、摇摇头等,启发学生自己发现错误并改
正,并且在此过程中不失时机地给予学生积极强化,这样学生会记得更牢,自
信心也不会受打击。②为了有效地纠正学生在英语课堂上出现的语言错误,就
必须明确错误产生的原因,这样才能“对症下药”,进而进行有效的引导。教
学片段中回答错误的学生主要是由于受母语的干扰,对于新的语言规则掌握不
熟练。教师应该在纠正错误的基础上,指导学生掌握有效的学习策略,例如归
纳学习、演绎学习、情境学习、认知强化练习等,从而达到“药到病除”的效
果。
六、请阅读下面一份学生的书面表达以及教师的评语,并回答问题。
Hi,Suzanne,Firstofall,welcometoChina.Infact,manystudentshavethesamepr
oblemlikeyou.Asamatteroffact,itdoesn'tasdifficultasyouthink.Butwaysar
egreatimportance.Herearesometips:Firstly,reviewyourlessonssothatitcan
helpyoucatchtheimportantpoints.Alsoreadbooksinadvance.Andputyourheart
intoclass,espeeialwhattheteachersays.Secondly,don'tbeafraidmakemistak
es.It,sagoodstudyhabitwhichplay^aimportantroleinlearninglanguage.Thir
dly,trytodosomethinghardandalwaysdiscusssomeproblemswithyourclassmate
sinChinesesothatyoucanlearnChinesefromyourclassmates.Finally,tobepati
entwhenyousti1IdopoorlyinChinese.Asyouknow,Romeisn'tbuildinaday.Astim
egoeson,youwillsuccesssoonerorlater.Ihopethatyoucanmakegreatprogressi
nChinese.Goodluck!Yours,XiaoYu教师的评语:结构合理,层次清晰。过渡词
用得很好,使用了较复杂的句式为文章增色了许多。但画线地方有误,请改
正。(1)该教师对学生作文的错误地方画线有何作用?(8分)(2)对该教师对学生
作文的批改情况进行分析。(15分)(3)假若此学生作文中出现的问题是学生群
体中普遍常犯的错误,教师应该怎么做?(7分)
【答案】(1)教师对学生的错误地方画线。是一种让学生修改其错误的提示性标
记。材料中教师在错误处画线,有助于学生在自我更正的过程中积极地思考出
错的原因.从错误中吸取教训。同时,学生能够对所学知识进行查漏补缺.可
以认识到自己还没有完全掌握哪些知识点或哪些语言规则掌握得不准确。学生
可以从错误中学到知识.知识的残缺也会得到及时的弥补。(2)该教师在批改此
学生的作文中,能够认真阅读并指出错误之处,并希望学生自行改正,是教师
批改的一大优点.但该教师没有区分错误的类型,对于出现的错误不加区分一
律画线,是其批改中出现的不当之处。有的学生可以悟出来,如
beafraidmakemistakes,playaimportant等。此类错误不必多加解释,经过提
示,学生可以自行解决。但对于Asamatteroffact为什么画线.学生很难发现
其出错原因是前面用了infact,造成重复现象。还有
tobepatientwhenvoustilldopoorlyinChinese学生很可能搞不懂错在哪里。这
时,教师应给出详细解释,确保学生理解错误原因。因此.对学生书面表达中
出现的错误的处理方式应有别于口语中出现的错误处理方式。从某种程度上
说.书面表达错误的处理应更加严谨.要求学生充分运用所掌握的语言知识来
监察和修改语言输出.少出或不出语言形式方面的错误。(3)教师如果在教学过
程中发现学生普遍存在某一类的言语错误,此类现象可以看作对课堂教学是否
正确高效的一种反馈。教师可以通过对普遍性错误的分析.找出教学中的薄弱
环节,从而针对学生的实际情况,及时优化教学内容.改进教学方法.促进教
学质量的进一步提高。
七、下面是某教师的课堂教学片段:
T:Whatdidyourmumdoyesterday,WangLinS:Mymumbuyedthedressforme.T:Oh,tha
tisnice.Yourmumboughtitforyou,didsheS:Yes.T:WheredidshebuyitS:Shebuye
ditintown.T:Oh,sheboughtitintownforyou.Well,itisverynice.请根据所给材
料回答下列三个问题。(1)学生在对话中的语言错误是什么⑵该教师采用什么
方式来纠正学生的错误效果如何⑶教师还可以采用哪些方式纠错请举例说明。
【答案】(1)该学生犯了13语语法错误,用错了动词过去式的形式。即
Mymumbuyedthedressforme.buyed-*bought,
Shebuyeditintown.buyed—bought。(2)该教师采用了重述法(Recasts)来纠正
学生的错误。教师对学生语言表达中的错误进行了含蓄纠正。即先进行部分肯
定之后用正确的语言重述学生的表达,不指出错误,而通过不同的语气(如反
问)、语调、眼神、动作等,让学生自己意识到自己的错误。此纠错技巧对于纠
正学生口语中的语法错误比较有效。(3)①直接纠错法(ExplicitCorrection)
当学生出现语言错误时,教师打断语言训练或实践活动,对其错误予以正面纠
正(说出正确的语言形式。并让学生改正)。这种纠错方式常用于旨在让学生掌
握正确的语言形式而进行的机械操练或侧重语言精确输出的各种练习中。教师
可用以下课堂用语:Youshouldsay…/No,
youshouldn,tsaythat•••/Readafterme./Payattentionto…/Oh,youmean…,
Wedon,tsay…inEnglish,wesay…等,例如:T:Whatdidyoudolastnight
S:Igotoseeamoviewithmyparents.T:
Oh.Youshouldsay“Iwenttoseeamoviewithmyparents”.S:
Oh.sorry.Iwenttoseeamoviewithmyparents.②强调纠错法(Pinpointing)
教师重复学生的话.有意重读并拖长出错部分的发音或用升调以表示特别强调。
这种方法常用于学生的自我纠错。这样既能纠正学生的口语错误,保证学生顺
利进行口头叙述,又能顾及学生的自尊心,促进他们参与口语活动的积极性。
例如:T:ffheredidyougoonvacationthissummerS:
IgotoHongKongformyvacation.T:YougotoHongKongS:
Oh.IwenttoHongKongformyvacation.
八、下列教学片段选自某高中课堂实录,阅读后回答问题:
T:0k[Next,let'sreadthetextandchoosethebestheadingforeachparagraph.Rea
dthepassageandchoosethebestheadingforeachparagraph.(5minuteslater)T:N
ow,whocanshowustheanswer?Sl:B,A,C,F,E.T:Youareclever,but,doyouhaveany
otherideasforParagraph3?SI:Ohsorry,It,sD.T:ExcellentINowwehaveknownth
emainmeaningofeachparagraph.Thistimelet'sreadeachparagraphcarefully.T
hen,makeagroupdiscussionandtrytofillintheform.lOminutesplease.(lOminu
teslater.)T:Timeisup.Whichgroupwantstoshowyourformtous?0k,Group1.S
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