2023外研版新教材高中英语选择性必修第四册同步练习-Unit 4　Everyday economics

Unit4Everydayeconomics

五年高考练

阅读理解

A

主题语境：语篇类型：建议用时：

（2022全国乙,D,*）

TheGovernment'ssugartaxonsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoneyasMinistersfirst

predicteditwouldgenerate,thefirstofficialdataonthepolicyhasshown.

FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gof

sugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodObeSity（月巴月半）.Itisbelievedthattoday9s

childrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthemata

higherriskofthedisease.

Initiallythesugartaxwasexpectedtomake£520mayearfortheTreasury.However,dataof

thefirstsixmonthsshoweditwouldmakelessthanhalfthisamount.Atpresentitisexpectedto

generate£240mfortheyearendinginApril2019,whichwillgotoschoolsports.

Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutby

manufacturers（制造商）sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinksnowcontain45millionfewerkilos

ofsugarasaresultofmanufacturers,effortstoavoidthecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.

SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeenforcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugary

drinktheyproduceorimport,dependingonthesugarcontent.

However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthesugartaxandare

refusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmost

alcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthanImlitresper

year.

Today,sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositiveinfluencethesugartax

ishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities（设施）andhealthiereatinginschools.

Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andthe

industryisplayingitspart.

词汇积累

1.bringin赚得;挣

2.generate也产生

3.consumeu.吃;喝;摄取消费

4.initiallyαd上最初

!.Whywasthesugartaxintroduced?

A.Tocollectmoneyforschools.

B.Toimprovethequalityofdrinks.

C.Toprotectchildren,shealth.

D.Toencourageresearchineducation.

2.Howdidsomedrinkscompaniesrespondtothesugartax?

A.Theyturnedtooverseasmarkets.

B.Theyraisedthepricesoftheirproducts.

C.Theycutdownontheirproduction.

D.Theyreducedtheirproducts5sugarcontent.

3.Fromwhichofthefollowingisthesugartaxcollected?

A.Mostalcoholicdrinks.

B.Milk-baseddrinks.

C.Fruitjuices.

D.ClassicCoke.

4.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicy?

A.Itisashort-sighteddecision.

B.Itisasuccessstory.

C.Itbenefitsmanufacturers.

D.Itupsetscustomers.

B

主题语境：创新与创业意识语敲¾iB≡建议用时天

（2019北京,B,不）

AliceMooreisateenagerentrepreneur创业者）,whoinMay2015setupherbusiness

AilieCandy.Bythetimeshewas13,hercompanywasworthmillionsofdollarswiththeinvention

ofasuper-sweettreatthatcouldsavekids,teeth,insteadofdestroyingthem.

ItallbeganwhenMoorevisitedabankwithherdad.Ontheouting,shewasofferedacandybar.

However,herdadremindedherthatsugarytreatswerebadforherteeth.ButMoorewassickof

missingoutoncandies.Soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning,ςςWhycan,tImakeahealthycandy

that,sgoodformyteethsothatmyparentscan,tsaynotoit?”Withthatinmind,Mooreaskedher

dadifshecouldstartherowncandycompany.Herecommendedthatshedosomeresearchandtalk

todentistsaboutwhatahealthiercandywouldcontain.

Withherdad,spermission,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconductingtrials

togetarecipethatwasbothtastyandtooth-friendly.Shealsoapproacheddentiststolearnmore

aboutteethcleaning.Consequently,shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusingnatural

sweeteners,whichcanreduceoralbacteria.

Moorethenusedhersavingstogetherbusinessofftheground.Afterwards,sheandherfather

securedtheirfirstbusinessmeetingwithasupermarketowner,whofinallyagreedtosellMoore,s

product-CanCandy.

AsCanCandy9Ssuccessgrows,sodoesMoore,scredibilityasayoungentrepreneur.Mooreis

enthusiasticaboutthecandyshecreated,andshe,salsopositiveaboutwhatthefuturemightbring.

Shehopesthateverykidcanhaveacleanmouthandabroadsmile.

Meanwhile,withherparents9help,Mooreisgenerallyabletoliveanormalteenagelife.

Althoughshefoundedhercompanyearlyoninlife,shewasn,tdrivenprimarilybyprofit.Moore

wantstouseheruniquetalenttohelpothersfindtheirsmiles.Shedonates10%ofAilieCandy9S

profitstoBigSmiles.Withhertalentanddetermination,itappearsthattheskycouldbethelimitfor

AliceMoore.

词汇积累

1.getround成功地对付;解决;克服;避开

2.consequentlyα”也因此,结果

3.secure也获得,取得

4.credibility〃.可信度

5.beenthusiasticabout热衷于..

5.HowdidMoorereacttoherdad,swarning?

A.Shearguedwithhim.

B.Shetriedtofindawayout.

C.Shepaidnoattention.

D.Shechosetoconsultdentists.

6.WhatisspecialaboutCanCandy?

A.Itisbeneficialtodentalhealth.

B.Itisfreeofsweeteners.

C.Itissweeterthanothercandies.

D.Itisproducedtoadentists,recipe.

7.WhatdoesMooreexpectfromherbusiness?

A.Toearnmoremoney.

B.Tohelpothersfindsmiles.

C.Tomakeherselfstandout.

D.Tobeatothercandycompanies.

8.WhatcanweIeamfromAliceMoore,sstory?

A.Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.

B.Ayouthistoberegardedwithrespect.

C-Positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.

D.Successmeansgettingpersonaldesiressatisfied.

答案与分层梯度式解析

Unit4Everydayeconomics

五年高考练^

A

◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了造成孩子肥胖的软饮料被征收糖税,相关企业对该税有不同反

应,且该税款带来了好处。

I.C细节理解题。由第二段第一句中的“thetax...wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodObeSity”可知彳正收该

税是为了帮助减少儿童肥胖,从而保护孩子们的健康。

2.D细节理解题。由第四段第一句"Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheir

sugarlevelscutbymanufacturerssotheycanavoidpayingthetax.（在其到来之前,制造商已经降低了商店中销

售的超过一半的软饮料的含糖量.这样他们可以避免纳税）”可知,有些公司通过降低产品的含糖量来应对糖税。

3.D细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthesugar

tax（一些高糖品牌,如经典可口可乐,已经接受了糖税）"和"Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholic

drinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthanImlitresperyear.（果汁、以牛奶为主

原料的饮料和大多数含酒精的饮料免税,年产量不足100万升的小公司也是如此）”可知.糖税是从经典可口可

乐这样的产品中收取的。

4.B推理判断题。由最后一段中的“showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishaving（显示了糖税正在产生

的积极影响）''和"Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andthe

industryisplayingitsPart.（帮助下一代拥有一个健康和活跃的童年是非常重要的,这个行业正在发挥作用）”可

知,糖税政策是成功的。故选B。

长难句

原句Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturersso

theycanavoidpayingthetax.

分析该句是一个主从复合句。after引导时间状语从句。过去分词短语“soldinshops”作定语,修饰Soft

drinks。"havehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturers"为"have+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,过去分词短语“cut

bymanufacturers”作宾语theirsugarlevels的补足语。so弓I导结果状语从句。

译文在其到来之前,制造商已经降低了商店中销售的超过一半的软饮料的含糖量.这样他们可以避免纳税。

B

◎语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。AIiCe是一个青少年创业者,她用她独有的智慧帮助了其他爱吃糖果的孩

子并成就了自己的事业。

5.B细节理解题。本题题干意为:对于她爸爸的警告,Moore是如何回应的?根据题干中的关键词da<Γs

warning可以锁定答案在第二段。根据第二段第五句"Soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning,4Whycan,tI

makeahealthycandythat'sgoodformyteethsothatmyparentscan'tsaynotoit?’"可知,Moore希望找至∣J解决办

法,因此答案为B项（她试图找到出路）。A:她与他争论;C:她没有给予关注;D:她选择咨询牙医。

6.A细节理解题。本题题干意为CanCandy有什么特别之处？根据文章第三段第一句"Withherdad's

permission,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconductingtrialstogetarecipethatwasbothtasty

andtoo