2023年常州市实验初级中学中考一模英语试题（含答案解析）

2023年常州市实验初级中学中考一模英语试题一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．—________valuableadvicehesharedwithusyesterday!—Exactly．Iamgoingtothinkovermyplanmorecarefully．A．How B．Howa C．What D．Whata2．—WhereisyourcousinJames?—He________theschoollibrarysincetwohoursago．A．hasbeento B．hasgoneto C．wasin D．hasbeenin3．Becauseoftheterribleweather,theGreenshadto________theirtriptoYunnan．A．cutdown B．cutshort C．cutout D．cutin4．Beforetakingmedicine,you’dbetterreadthe________first．A．invention B．invitation C．instruction D．attention5．Ittookthelittleboyalongtime________heranawayfromtheNaziscampduringWorldWarII．A．before B．until C．after D．assoonas6．—Isthatmaninblackoverthereyourmanager?—It________behim．Hewentabroadaweekago．Idoubtifhehascomeback．Amustn’t B．needn’t C．should D．may7．Yesterday’stalkcoveredtablemanners．________,weshouldwaittilleveryoneisreadyatthetable．A．Afterall B．Aboveall C．Atall D．Inall8．Thisyear’sTaihuMusicFestivalwillbesuretoattract________visitorsfromChangzhou．A．agreatdealof B．thenumberof C．ateamof D．plentyof9．—AtraincrashhappenedintheUSAseveraldaysago．—Thatwasreallyawful．Peopleallwondered________．A．howmanypeoplearekilledinthecrash B．thatwhyithappenedsmoothlyC．whatcausedtheterribleaccident D．whatdidthegovernmentdoafterit10．—Gaoyemaybeoneofthebestactressesinthefilmindustry．SheactedwellinTheKnockout．—________．Heractingskillsgobeyondwords．A．Ican’tagreemore B．That’snotthecase C．Notexactly D．Youmustbekidding二、完形填空（共12小题;每小题1分,满分12分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Afewweeksago,CatherineaskedThomas,her7-year-oldson,whathewouldliketobewhenhegrowsup．ThomassaidhewantedtoeitherrunadoghotelorbeaLego(乐高)____11____．“WhenIwasseven,mymumaskedmethesamequestion,andIsaidIwantedtobeanastronaut．ButIdidnotmakeit．Unlikeme,____12____,Thomaswasactive,”Catherinesaid．Thenextdayheappearedwithaletter,writteninhis“besthandwriting”,askingLegoifhecouldworkforthem．He____13____sharedthathecouldhelpwithdesigningLegosafterschool,onweekendsandintheholidays．Catherineputtheletterinthemailbutalsotriedtomanagehis____14____．ShetoldThomasthatwhileLegowouldappreciate(欣赏)hisletter,thecompanyprobablywouldn’t____15____．AfterhearingwhatCatherinesaid,Thomaswasverysadanddisappointed(失望的)．Thenapackage(包裹)arrivedfromChristianPau,thegeneralmanagerofLegoU．K．____16____wasaLegokit(成套设备)andahandwrittenletter．Inthisletter,PauthankedThomasforhisletterandsaidhiscreationslook____17____!HeinvitedThomastovisithiscompany．“Seeingmyson____18____withprideattheletter,”Catherinesaid,“wassomethingIwon’tforget．”And____19____willThomas．ChristianPaudidn’tknowwhatThomas’s____20____mighthold．Hesimplytookthetimetoreply．Itwasasmallmomenttohim,butprobablya____21____momentforThomas．AsCatherinewrote,“Thankyouformakingmysonseethatit’salwaysworth____22____．”That’stherealbeautyofPau’sletter．Youcanneverexpectwhenasmallmomentwillmakeabigdifference．11．A．player B．designer C．producer D．creator12．A．therefore B．otherwise C．however D．even13．A．wisely B．lightly C．correctly D．possibly14．A．creations B．introductions C．instructions D．expectations15．A．arrive B．invite C．reply D．return16．A．Inside B．Outside C．With D．Beyond17．A．strange B．fantastic C．impossible D．powerful18．A．turnup B．putup C．lightup D．takeup19．A．so B．then C．neither D．either20．A．letter B．design C．handwriting D．future21．A．helpless B．huge C．useful D．satisfying22．A．trying B．asking C．dreaming D．playing三、阅读理解（共14小题;每小题2分,满分28分）阅读下面的短文,从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AAnimalsweretherealpioneersofspacefight．Let’slearnaboutsomethathavebeentospace．Fruitflies(果蝇)OnFebruary20,1947,theUnitedStatessentsomefruitfliesintospacetostudytheinfluencethatcosmicradiation(宇宙辐射)mighthaveonastronautsinthefuture．Theychosefliesbecausetheyaregenetically(基因上)similartohumans．WhentheyreturnedtoEarth,thescientistsfoundthefliesalive,withnosignoftheharmofradiation．MiceMicehavelongbeenusedtofindoutmoreabouthowspacetravelwillaffectthehumanbody．Infact,NASAhasrecentlypublishedastudyofmicehousedattheInternationalSpaceStation．Itshowsthatmicequicklyadapttomicrogravity(适应微重力)conditions．Theveryfirstmousewentintospacein1950,reachinganaltitudeof137km．However,unlikethefruitflies,themousediedwhentherocketbrokeintopartsbecauseofaparachute(降落伞)failure．DogsLaika,aRussianhomelessdog,wenttospaceonNovember3,1957．Shewaspickeduponthestreetsandwasthoughtsuitablebecauseshehadagentletemperament(性情)andbehavedwell．Thescientistsalsobelievedahomelessdogwouldbebetteratdealingwithdifficultconditionslikemicrogravitythanapetdog．LaikaisfamousforbeingthefirstanimaltotravelaroundtheEarth．However,sheneverreturned．Spiders(蜘蛛)In1973,twogardenspiderscalledAnitaandArabellawereusedinanexperiment(实验)toseeiftheycouldstillbuildwebsinspace．Bothspidersmanagedtobuildwebs,eventhoughthewebswereslightlyfinerthanonEarth．Thestudyshowedagreatdealabouttheinfluenceofmicrogravityonmotorresponse(运动反应)．23．Whatcanwelearnaboutthemouseastronaut?A．Itfailedtocomebackalive． B．Itwasthefirstanimaltobesenttospace．C．Itsgenesweresimilartohumans． D．Itcouldn’tsurviveinmicrogravityconditions．24．LaikawaschosenbythescientistsforallthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT________．A．hergoodtemperament B．hergoodbehaviorC．herabilitytodealwithmicrogravity D．heridentity(身份)asapetdog25．What’sthepurposeofsendingthetwospiderstospace?A．TocomparethequalityofwebstheymadeonEarthandinspace．B．Tostudytheinfluenceofcosmicradiationontheirlives．C．Toseehowfasttheycouldbuildwebsinspace．D．Toseewhethertheycouldbuildwebsinspace．BTheMogaoGrottoes(莫高窟)aresomeBuddhistcavetemples(佛教庙宇)inChina．ThissiteisnearthecityofDunhuanginthenorthwesternChineseprovinceofGansu．ThisancientcitywasonceanimportantplaceontheancientSilkRoad．So,Dunhuangwasacenterwherenotonlytrade,butalsocultural,religious(宗教的),andinformationexchangestookplace．TheMogaoGrottoesarefamousfortheirstatuesandwallpaintings．TheMogaoGrottoeshaveasmanyas492caves．Insidethese,morethan2,000paintedstatuesandabout45,000squaremetersofwallpaintingscanbefound．ThefirsttempleintheMogaoGrottoeswasbuiltin366AD．Itissaidthatamonk(僧人)bythenameofYueZunoncetravelledacrossthearea．HehadadreaminwhichathousandgoldenBuddhasappeared．Therefore,themonkdecidedtobuildatemple．Soon,othersfollowedYueZun’sexample,andbuilttheirowntemplesintotherockface．ThefollowingcenturiessawtheriseandfallofmanydynastiesinChina．However,eachnewdynastyaddedtotheartworkoftheMogaoGrottoes．ActivityintheMogaoGrottoesreacheditspeak(顶峰)duringtheTangDynasty．What’smore,therulersoftheTangDynastybelievedinBuddhism,andthenumberofcavetemplesduringthisperiodoftimegrewtoover1,000．Withtheuseofnewtraderoutesinthefollowingcenturies,theimportanceofDunhuangdecreased．AfterthefalloftheYuanDynasty,theMogaoGrottoesweregivenupandlargelyforgottenbytherestoftheworld．In1961,theimportanceoftheMogaoGrottoeswasrecognizedbytheChinesegovernment,andtheybecameanationalmonument．In1987,theMogaoGrottoeswerenamedasaWorldHeritageSite(世界文化遗产)．Overtheyears,thissitehasbecomeatouristattraction．26HowmanystatuesarethereintheMogaoGrottoes?A．About492． B．Lessthan45,000． C．Morethan2,000． D．About2,492．27Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decreased”probablymean?A．rose B．dropped C．balanced D．zeroed28．Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthat________．A．theMogaoGrottoeswerediscoveredagainin1961B．mostoftheMogaoGrottoeswerebuiltintheTangDynastyC．theruleroftheYuanDynastyledtothefalloftheMogaoGrottoesD．newdynastiesalsoplayedaroleinthedevelopmentoftheMogaoGrottoesCYou’resittingatthedinnertablewithyourdog．Youknowyoushouldn’tgivedogshumanfood,butwhenyoulookdown,thosecutepuppy(小狗)eyesarealmostimpossibletorefuse．Whydoesthiskindofthinghappen?AJapanesescientist,MihoNagasawa,seemstohavefoundtheanswer:ithassomethingtodowithwhatiscalled“thecuddlechemical”(拥抱化合物)．Inordertobetterunderstandhowthecuddlechemicalworksbetweendogsandhumans,Nagasawaandhisteamcarriedoutanexperiment(实验)．Theytestedthelevelsofthecuddlechemicalindogsandhumans,andthenputtheminaroomtointeract(互动)witheachother．Whileintheroom,thehumanspatted(爱抚)thedogs,spoketothedogs,andlookedintothedogs’eyes．Thenthescientiststestedtheirlevelsofthecuddlechemicalagain．Theresearchersfoundthatthelevelsofthecuddlechemicalwerehigherinbothhumansanddogsaftertheyhadinteracted．However,thelevelswerethehighestinthehumansanddogsthathadsimplylookedintoeachother’seyes,withoutmuchpattingortalking．Theresultsofthisstudycanalsotellusalotaboutthehistoryofthebond(关系)betweenhumansanddogs．Itallstartedtensofthousandsofyearsago．Wolvesusedtofollowhumanswhentheywerehunting．Humansrealizedthattheycouldusethewolvestohelpwiththehunt,andfinally,bothspecies(物种)begantoworktogethertowardsurvival．Overtime,thewolvesandhumansstartedtodependoneachother．Andtheystartedtobondwitheachother．Thesechangesarewhatcausedsomeofthewolvestoturnintowhatwenowknowasdogs．Thisprocessdependedagreatdealonthebondthathumansformedwiththem．AndaccordingtoNagasawa’sstudy,thebondwasformedwiththehelpofthecuddlechemical．29．Accordingtothetext,thepurposeoftheexperimentwasto________．A．tellpeopletolovetheirpets B．studytherelationshipbetweendogsandwolvesC．explainhowthecuddlechemicalworks D．understandthefeelingsofanimals30．Whichkindofbehaviorleadstomostcuddlechemical?A．Feedingdogs． B．Pattingdogs． C．Lookingintodogs’eyes． D．Speakingtodogs．31．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Scientistsfirstfoundthecuddlechemicalinwolves．B．Somewolveschangedintodogsovertime．C．Dogshavemorecuddlechemicalsthanwolves．D．Dogsarebetterathuntingthanwolves．32．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．PuppyLove B．ASpecialDog C．KindOwners D．GoodHuntersDLucy:Ah,goodevening,you’vecomeatlast．Jack:Oh…er…goodevening．Yeah…er…sorrytobelate．Simon:ButJack…Lucy:Oh,Jack,youarenaughty(淘气的)．Keepingmewaitingherefortwentyyears,andthentryingtosurprisemebycominginfromthewindow．Andyourfriend,Isee,isasstrongasyou．Goodevening．Jack'ssuchasillyboy,stilluptohistricks．Dotakeachair．Andwecanallhaveanicecupoftea．You’dlikethat,wouldn’tyou?Simon:Oh…er…yeah．Er…thankyou．Lucy:Lovely．Now,waitaminute．Jack,entertainyourfriend,ha,ha,ha,ha,ha,ha．Simon:Arightmessthisis．Quick,backoutofthewindow．Jack:No．Calmdown．Can’tyousee?It’seveneasier．ShethinksI’mheroldboyfriend．She’sbeenwaitingforhimfortwentyyears．AllIhavetodoistoaskherforthemoneyandshe’llgiveittome．She’soffherhead．Simon:Doyouthinkso?It’llbeaseasyasthat?Jack:Ofcourseitwill．Nowshutup．She’scomingback．Simon:Shedidn’tevennoticeourmasks．Jack:Oh,shutup．Lucy:Hereweare．Anicecupofteaand,now,Jack,youhaven’tintroducedyourfriend．Jack:Oh,no．Sorry．Er…thisisSimon．Yeah…“Simon．”Simon,thisis…Lucy:Hello,Simon．Sopleasedtomeetyou．I’mLucy．Simon:Oh,verypleased,I'msure．Jack:Lucy,Iwantedtotalktoyouaboutmoney．Lucy:Ahyes,Jack．Iwasn’tgoingtomentionitquitesosoon,butthattenthousandpoundsIlentyoumusthavegotquitealotofinterestbynow,andtimesareratherhard．Now,drinkyourtealikeagoodboyandwe’lldiscusshowyoucanpayitback．Twentyyearsisalongtimetowait,afterall．Jack?Jack,whatareyoudoing?Comebackatonce．Ohdear．Heisanaughtyboy．ButIknowhe’llcomeback．Alwaysdid．ButI’mafraidhisteawillbecold．Ah…33．ThetwostrongmencameintoLucy’shouse________．A．toenjoyhertea B．toattendapartyC．tostealmoneyorrobher D．togiveherasurprise34．HowdidLucygettoknowthenameofthefirstmanJack?A．Sheknewthismanalongtimeago． B．Hetoldherhisname．C．HerboyfriendwascalledJack． D．SheheardSimon’scallingtoJack．35．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceprobablymeaninChinese?A．她生病了。 B．她神志不清。 C．她低下了头。 D．她遮住了她的头。36．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Lucyknewwhatthetwomenwerecomingfor． B．LucywaswaitingforJack．C．Lucywastoooldtotellpeople’snameright． D．Lucywasverylonely．四、还原句子（共4小题;每小题1．5分,满分6分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。GrowingupinsouthernChina,LiuBingyaostudiedyangqinfor20yearsbeforecomingtostudyatMountHolyokeCollege．Butofcourse,herprimaryfocus(重点)wasalwaysonherschoolwork．____37____．Butthenlastfall,shefoundedaChinesemusicensemble(乐团),bringingChinesemusictoMassachusetts．____38____,thenshetookacourseinmusic．“Intheclass,wetalkedaboutmusicfromdifferentpartsoftheworld—India,Africa,Japan,Indonesi—butnoonetalkedaboutChinesemusic,”Liusaid．“Ithought,Ishoulddosomethingtobringthismusictothisarea．”“Mygoal(目标)istogetChinesemusicandChineseinstrumentsontothestagetoshoweveryonewhatwehave,”shesaid．“____39____．”“Bingyaodoesnotsitaroundwaitingforchancestoknock,”Liu’smusicprofessorGreenbaumsaid．“Shelearnedandexplored．”Oftheensemble’s14members,sixstudentsplayguzheng．OthersplaypipaandthreekindsofChineseflutes．Liuplaystheonlyyangqin．Theensemblenowperforms(表演)atcampusevents．“ComingtoMountHolyoke,IfeellikeI’vegotclosertothecultureIgrewupwith,”Liusaid．“____40____．”ButnowIcanseehowprecious(珍贵的)theenvironmentIgrewupinis．”A．BeforeIcamehere,Itookitforgranted(想当然)B．Musicwasjustanextracurricular(课外的)activityC．ThisturnofeventsbeganinLiu’sfirstsemester(学期)D．ShedevelopedanearlyinterestinChinesecultureE．Wehavesomethingbeautifulhere,andIwanttoshareitwitheveryoneF．Folksongsdescribedworkinganddailylifesuchasfishingandfarming五、综合填空（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheskillformakingJiangzhouChengniinkstonescanbedatedbacktotheHanDynasty．____41____,itwaslostattheendoftheMingDynasty．In1986,LinYongmao,amanfromXinjiangcounty,Shanxi,andhissonLinTaodecided____42____(bring)backthisancientskill．Tofindclues,theyvisitedlibrariestoreadabouttheinkstone．Althoughtheylearnedaboutthebasis,bringing____43____(its)backtolifewasnoeasytask．Theywalkedovertheriverbedandcollecteddifferentkindsofmud(泥)tofind____44____(good)one．Moreover,theyspentsleeplessnights____45____(keep)aclosewatchonthekiln(窑)．Ittakesoverayearandmorethan10stepstomakeaChengniinkstone．Thekeystepsaretofilter(过滤)mud．Themudrequirestobefilteredoverandoveragain____46____itfeelslikeflour(面粉)．Aftermanyfailures,they____47____(success)inmakingtheeChengniinkstonesin1991．LinXiaolin,LinTao’sson,isathird-generationinheritor(继承人)．In2019,afterreturning____48____hisstudiesabroad,the33-year-oldcreatednewwaystomaketheChengniinkstonebycontrollingthetemperature．In2013,LinTaobuilttheChinajiangzhouChengniInkstoneCuturalPark．Thenumberof____49____(visit)hasincreasedto10,000uptillnow．“Passingontheskillholdsthekeytokeepingit____50____(live),”hesaid．六、根据所给中文完成句子（共6小题:每小题1．5分,满分9分）51．你再怎么注意细节都不为过。You________．52．张艺谋执导的《满江红》值得一看吗？_________thefilmAllRed________byZhangYimou________?53．袁隆平非常伟大，赢得了所有人的高度赞扬。YuanLongpingwassuch________allthepeople．54．我想知道过去在国外你们是怎么互相保持联系的。Iwonderhowyou________．55．因为生病，他别无选择只好放弃了这个角色的试镜。Becauseofillness,he________therole．56．太令人惊讶了！这个小男孩在下雨天晚上冒险一个人外出！________forthelittleboy________aloneonarainynight!七、书面表达（共1题;满分15分）57．假如你是育才中学的王刚,近期收到了英国笔友约翰的电子邮件。请你根据邮件内容,用英语给他写一封回信。DearWangGang,Inmylastletter,ItoldyousomethingaboutmyunforgettableactivityinaBritishschool．IhavebeeninterestedinChineseschoollifesincewebecamefriends．Wouldyoupleaseintroducethemostmeaningfulactivityatyourschooltome?Whendoyouhaveit?Whatdoyoudointheactivity?Isthereanythingspecialaboutit?Andwhathaveyoulearntfromit?I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply．John注意:1．文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称;2．要点齐全,语句通顺,表达清晰,书写规范;3．词数不少于100。文章的开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。DearJohnI’msohappytoreceiveyoure-mail．_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________WangGang参考答案1．C【解析】【详解】句意：——他昨天和我们分享了多么宝贵的建议啊！——没错。我要更仔细地考虑我的计划。考查感叹句。根据“valuableadvice”可知，中心词是不可数名词，结合what+adj．+不可数名词，what符合句意，故选C。2．D【解析】【详解】句意：——你的表弟詹姆斯在哪里？——他从两个小时前就一直在学校图书馆。考查动词短语辨析。hasbeento表示已经去了某地，并且现在已经回来；hasgoneto表示已经去了某地，现在还没有回来；wasin表示过去某个时候在某地；hasbeenin指已经在某处待了多长时间，表示已经在某地。根据“sincetwohoursago从两个小时前”可知，用现在完成时，并且一直在图书馆待着。故选D。3．B【解析】【详解】句意：由于天气恶劣，格林一家不得不缩短去云南的行程。考查短语辨析。cutdown砍伐；cutshort缩短；cutout裁剪；cutin插队。根据“Becauseoftheterribleweather”可知，因为下雨，所以缩短行程，故选B。4．C【解析】【详解】句意：吃药之前，你最好先读说明书。考查名词辨析。invention发明；invitation邀请；instruction说明；attention注意。根据“Beforetakingmedicine”和常识可知吃药前要看说明书。故选C。5．A【解析】【详解】句意：第二次世界大战期间，这个小男孩花了很长时间才从纳粹集中营逃跑。考查连词辨析。before在……之前；until直到；after在……之后；assoonas一……就。根据“heranawayfromtheNaziscampduringWorldWarII．”可知，在从集中营逃跑出来之前花了很长时间，故选A。6．D【解析】【详解】句意：——在那边穿着黑色衣服的男士是你的经理吗？——可能是吧。他上周出国了，我怀疑他是否已经回来了。考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；needn’t没必要；should应该；may可能。根据“Hewentabroadaweekago．Idoubtifhehascomeback”可知经理可能回来了，那个男士可能是他。故选D。7．B【解析】【详解】句意：昨天的谈话涉及到餐桌礼仪。最重要的是，我们应该等到每个人都准备好了。考查短语辨析。Afterall毕竟；Aboveall最重要的；Atall与not搭配，一点也不；Inall总计。根据“weshouldwaittilleveryoneisreadyatthetable．”可知，此处讲述餐桌礼仪最重要的内容，故选B。8．D【解析】【详解】句意：今年的太湖音乐节一定会吸引很多常州的游客。考查形容词短语辨析。agreatdealof大量的，修饰不可数名词；thenumberof……的数目；ateamof一队；plentyof许多，修饰可数名词复数形式或不可数名词。根据“attract…visitors”可知，此处指吸引了很多的游客，修饰可数名词复数形式visitors，应填plentyof，故选D。9．C【解析】【详解】句意：——几天前美国发生了一起火车相撞事故。——太糟糕了。人们都想知道是什么造成了这场可怕的事故。考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，是宾语从句；根据“Peopleallwondered”可知，主句时态是一般过去时，从句时态与过去有关，排除A；再者宾语从句的语序要陈述语序，排除D；wonder后不可接that的宾语从句。故选C。10．A【解析】【详解】句意：——高叶可能是电影行业中最好的女演员之一。她在《狂飙》中表演的非常好。——我完全同意。她的演技无法用语言表达。考查情景交际。Ican’tagreemore我完全同意；That’snotthecase事实并非如此；Notexactly不完全是；Youmustbekidding你肯定在开玩笑。根据“Heractingskillsgobeyondwords”可知同意对方说的“高叶是电影行业中最好的女演员之一”。故选A。11．B12．C13．A14．D15．C16．A17．B18．C19．C20．D21．B22．A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲了7岁的托马斯给乐高公司写自荐信得到了回应的故事。【11题详解】句意：托马斯说，他要么想经营一家狗狗酒店，要么想成为一名乐高设计师。player运动员；designer设计师；producer生产商；creator创造者。根据“hecouldhelpwithdesigningLegos”可知想要成一名乐高设计师。故选B。【12题详解】句意：然而，与我不同的是，托马斯很活跃。therefore因此；otherwise否则；however然而；even甚至。前后句意出现转折，用however表转折。故选C。【13题详解】句意：他明智地分享说，他可以在放学后、周末和假期帮助设计乐高。wisely明智地；lightly轻轻地；correctly正确地；possibly可能地。根据“sharedthathecouldhelpwithdesigningLegosafterschool,onweekendsandintheholidays”可知能考虑到设计时间的托马斯是明智地。故选A。【14题详解】句意：凯瑟琳把信寄进了邮件，但也尽量控制住他的期待。creations创造；introductions介绍；instructions说明；expectations期待。根据“ShetoldThomasthatwhileLegowouldappreciatehisletter,thecompanyprobablywouldn’t．．．”可知告诉托马斯他不太可能会收到回复，应是降低他的期待。故选D。【15题详解】句意：她告诉托马斯，虽然乐高会很感激他的来信，但公司可能不会回复。arrive到达；invite邀请；reply答复；return返回。根据“ShetoldThomasthatwhileLegowouldappreciatehisletter,thecompanyprobablywouldn’t．．．”可推出是可能不会回复托马斯的信。故选C。【16题详解】句意：里面是一个乐高玩具和一封手写的信。Inside在里面；Outside在外面；With有；Beyond超出。根据“ThenapackagearrivedfromChristianPau”可知此处介绍包裹里面的东西。故选A。【17题详解】句意：在这封信中，保罗感谢托马斯的来信，并表示他的作品看起来棒极了！strange奇怪的；fantastic极好的，了不起的；impossible不可能的；powerful有力量的。根据“withpride”可知保罗赞扬托马斯的作品很棒。故选B。【18题详解】句意：凯瑟琳说：“看到儿子收到这封信自豪地面露喜色，是我永远不会忘记的事情。”turnup调大；putup张贴；lightup露出喜色；takeup开始从事。根据“Inthisletter,PauthankedThomasforhisletterandsaidhiscreationslook．．．!HeinvitedThomastovisithiscompany．”可知保罗回信了而且赞扬了托马斯，托马斯面露喜色。故选C。【19题详解】句意：而且托马斯也不会。so因此；then然后；neither两者都不；either也。根据“Iwon’tforget”可知此处用“neitherwillThomas”表示托马斯也不会忘记。故选C。【20题详解】句意：克里斯蒂安·保罗不知道托马斯的未来会怎样。letter信件；design设计；handwriting手写；future未来。根据“mighthold”可推出是不知道托马斯的未来会怎样。故选D。【21题详解】句意：这对他来说是一个小时刻，但对托马斯来说可能是一个巨大的时刻。helpless无助的；huge巨大的；useful有用的；satisfying令人满意的。根据“Itwasasmallmomenttohim”及but引起的转折可推出对托马斯来说是个大时刻。故选B。【22题详解】句意：谢谢你让我儿子明白这总是值得一试的。trying尝试；asking询问；dreaming梦想；playing玩耍。根据文中托马斯尝试给乐高公司写信收到回复的事情，可提出是让他明白事情总是值得一试的。故选A。23．A24．D25．D【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍动物对航天的贡献。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“However,unlikethefruitflies,themousedied”可知老鼠最后死了。故选A。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据“becauseshehadagentletemperament(性情)andbehavedwell．Thescientistsalsobelievedahomelessdogwouldbebetteratdealingwithdifficultconditionslikemicrogravitythanapetdog”可知Laika被科学家选中是因为她的温顺、表现好和她是一只流浪狗，D选项没有提及。故选D。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据“seeiftheycouldstillbuildwebsinspace”可知，蜘蛛被送往太空是为了看一看是否他们还会在太空中织网。故选D。26．C27．B28．D【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了莫高窟的基本情况。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“Insidethese,morethan2,000paintedstatuesandabout45,000squaremetersofwallpaintingscanbefound．”可知莫高窟里有2000多尊彩绘雕像。故选C。【27题详解】词句猜测题。根据“AfterthefalloftheYuanDynasty,theMogaoGrottoesweregivenupandlargelyforgottenbytherestoftheworld．”可知在元朝灭亡后，莫高窟就被世界遗忘了，因此敦煌的重要性就逐渐减小了。故选B。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据“However,eachnewdynastyaddedtotheartworkoftheMogaoGrottoes．”可知每个新的朝代都在莫高窟上有新作品，因此新朝代对莫高窟也做出了贡献。故选D。29．C30．C31．B32．A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了人类与狗之间的爱。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据“Inordertobetterunderstandhowthecuddlechemicalworksbetweendogsandhumans,Nagasawaandhisteamcarriedoutanexperiment”可知为了更好的理解拥抱化合物是怎么生效的，因此做了实验。故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据“However,thelevelswerethehighestinthehumansanddogsthathadsimplylookedintoeachother’seyes,withoutmuchpattingortalking”可知看彼此的眼睛会需要最多的拥抱化合物。故选C。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据“Overtime,thewolvesandhumansstartedtodependoneachother．Andtheystartedtobondwitheachother．Thesechangesarewhatcausedsomeofthewolvestoturnintowhatwenowknowasdogs”可知一些狼会变成狗一样。故选B。【32题详解】最佳标题题。通读全文可知本文主要介绍人类与狗之间的爱。故选A。33．C34．D35．B36．A【解析】【导语】本文是一则对话，是一个女士和两个入室抢劫的男士之间的对话。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据“Keepingmewaitingherefortwentyyears,andthentryingtosurprisemebycominginfromthewindow．”和“AllIhavetodoistoaskherforthemoneyandshe’llgiveittome．”可知Jack和Simon从窗户进来的目的是进行抢劫。故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据“Simon:ButJack…Lucy:Oh,Jack,”可知是因为Simon叫Jack的名字，所以Lucy知道了Jack的名字了。故选D。【35题详解】词句猜测题。根据“ShethinksI'mheroldboyfriend．She'sbeenwaitingforhimfortwentyyears．AllIhavetodoistoaskherforthemoneyandshe'llgiveittome．”可知Jack认为Lucy等了他二十年，因此划线句子表示“Lucy神志不清”。故选B。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据“Iwasn’tgoingtomentionit…howyoucanpayitback．”可知Lucy是知道这两个男士来的目的。故选A。37．B38．C39．E40．A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了刘冰瑶学习扬琴的经历。【37题详解】根据“Butofcourse,herprimaryfocuswasalwaysonherschoolwork．”可知重点在学习上，音乐只是课外活动，B项“音乐只是一种课外活动”符合语境。故选B。【38题详解】根据“thenshetookacourseinmusic”可知音乐不在作为课外活动，情况出现转折，C项“这一转折始于刘的第一个学期”符合语境。故选C。【39题详解】根据“MygoalistogetChinesemusicandChineseinstrumentsontothestagetoshoweveryonewhatwehave”可知要在舞台上把中国音乐和乐器展示给每个人，这是在分享，E项“我们这里有一些美丽的东西，我想和大家分享”符合语境。故选E。【40题详解】根据“ButnowIcanseehowprecioustheenvironmentIgrewupinis．”可知在到MountHolyoke之前以为自己成长的环境是理所当然的，现在才时到它的珍贵，A项“在我来到这里之前，我认为这是理所当然的”符合语境。故选A。41．However42．tobring43．it44．thebest45．keeping46．until47．succeeded48．from49．visitors50．alive【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了林永茂和他的儿子复兴澄泥砚的故事。【41题详解】句意：然而，它在明末失传了。根据“TheskillformakingJiangzhouChengniinkstonescanbedatedbacktotheHanDynasty．”可知，此句与文章下一句是转折关系，however“但是”符合句意，位于句首首字母大写。故填However。【42题详解】句意：1986年，来自山西新疆县的林永茂和他的儿子林涛决定把这项古老的技能带回来。decidetodo“决定做某事”，故填tobring。【43题详解】句意：尽管他们了解了这个基础，但让它恢复生机并非易事。bringsthbacktolife“使……恢复生机”，此处需要宾格，故填it。【44题详解】句意：他们走过河床，收集不同种类的泥，以找到最好的一种。根据“collecteddifferentkindsofmud”可知，寻找最好的一种，需要最高级，故填thebest。【45题详解】句意：此外，他们彻夜难眠，严密看守着窑炉。spendsthdoing“花……做某事”，动名词作宾语，故填keeping。【46题详解】句意：泥浆需要反复过滤，直到摸起来像面粉。根据“itfeelslikeflour”可知，泥浆需要反复过滤，直到摸起来像面粉，until“直到”符合句意，故填until。【47题详解】句意：在多次失败后，他们于1991年成功制作了三款承尼砚台。根据“in1991”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，succeeded符合句意，故填succeeded。【48题详解】句意：2019年，从国外留学归来后，33岁的他通过控制温度，创造了制作成泥砚的新方法。returnfrom“从……返回”，from符合句意，故填from。【49题详解】句意：到目前为止，参观人数已增加到一万人。根据“Thenumberof”可知，游客增加到一