2023年高考英语真题试卷 (全国乙卷)(含答案及详细解析)

2023年高考英语真题试卷(全国乙卷)一、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)JacquelineFelicedeAlmania(c.1322)highlightsthesuspicionthatwomenpracticingmedBorntoaJewishfamilyinFlorence,shemovedtoParissurgery.In1322shewastriedforpracticingunlawfully.Inspiteofthecourthearingtestimonials(证明)ofherabilityasadoctor,shewaChinesewomenatthetimecouldnotserveapprenticeships(学徒期)withdoctors.However,Tanpassedtheofficialexam.Tantreatedwomenfromallwalksoflife.InDoctor,describingherlifeasaphysiacceptedbyEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.ShequaliBritishArmy,servingoverseas.Barryretiredin1859,havingpracticedherenRebeccaLeeCrumpler(1831-1895)workedasacollegeinBostonin1860.Fouryearslater,shedegree.ShemovedtoVirginiain18A.Doingteachingjobs.B.Beinghiredasphysicians.C.PerformingsurgeryD.Beingbanne2.HowwasTanYunxiandifferA.Shewroteabook.C.Sheworkedasadentist.A.JacquelineFelicedeAlmania.C.JamesBarry,Livinginlowaandtryingtobecomeaphotographerspecializinginlandscape(风景)canbequiteachallenge,mainlybecausethecornstatelaAlthoughlandscapesintheMidwesttendtobequitesimilar,eitherfarmfIfinddistinctivecharacterinthehillsorlakes.TomakesomeofmylafourhoursawaytoshootparksortothecountrysiBeingattherightplaceattherighttimeisdecisiveinanyseektherightdestinationssoIcanshavemissedplentyofbeautifulsunsets/sunrisesduetobeingonthespotonlyfiveminutesbeforethOnetimemyfriendsandIdrovethreehourstoDevil'sLake,Wisconsin,toclimbth英)rockaroundthelake.Afterwefoundacrazy-lookingroadthathungoverabutophotographthesceneatsunset.Thepositionenbackground.Wemanagedtoleavethisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.Howevwedidnotmarktheroute(路线)soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.Oncewefplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthelimitetheyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenprepared4.HowdoestheauthordealA.ByteamingupwithotheA.Propertimemanagement.C.Adventurousspirit.A.AmusingB.SatisfyingC.Encouraging.D.ComfortingWhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishadinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?EventhoughBritainhasaputationforless-than-impressivecuisine,itisproducingmoretoprtelevisionscreensandwhoserecipebooksIt'sthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertmeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.recentlyreportedthatthenumberofthosestickingtoatraditionaldietisslowlydecliningandaroundhalfofBritain'sconsumerswouldliketochangeorimpnumberofstudentsapplyingforfoodcoursesatUKuniversitiesandcolleghavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcoAccordingtoanewstudyfrommarketanalysts,1ionTVhasencouragedthemtotrydifferentfood.Almostonethirdsaytheingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytbefore.OneinfouradultssaythatTVchefshavemadetcookeryknowledgeandskills,andyoungpeoplearealsogetobsession(痴迷)withfoodisreflectedthroughtelevisionscheduling.Cookeryshowsanddocumentariesaboutfoodarebroadcastmoreoftenthanbefore.Withanincreasingnumberofmalonger"uncool"forboystol8.WhatdopeopleusuallythinkC.Itlacksauthentictastes.A.Authoritative.B.Creative.C.Profitable.A.20%B.24%.C.25%.D.33%.D.Studiesofbigeaters.阅读理解Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhaworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity'slaterachievements,evenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirIdeallyahistorywouldbringtjustthat,butinmanycaseswesimplycan't.ThecleahistoryisperhapsthefAboriginals.FromtheEnglishside,wehavescFromtheAustralianside,wehaveonlyawooexperienceofgunshot.IfwewanttoreconstructwhatwasactualInadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehdeliberatelytwisted,eoftenhaveonlytheirthingstotelltheipeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectsavoice.Whenweconsidercontact(first-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjuA.Howpasteventsshouldbepresented.C.WhetherfactsspeaklouderA.Hisreportwasscientific.B.HerepresentedthelocalpeoC.HeruledoverBotanyBay.D.HisrecordwasonA.Problem.B.HistoryC.VoiceA.HowMapsTellStoriesoftheWorldB.AShortHistoryofAustralia二、任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.16.,butstudieshaveshownthatthplantsareeasytolookaftIndoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.ManyofWhyareindoorplantllSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBormonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood."Severalstudieshavebthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.ThereisalsoresearcancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgaAloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.".20._."Spoelstrasays."ItcanbringalinkbetweenhomeanA.AllplantsarediffeC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsE.PlantslikepeaceliliesanddeF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpGLearningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding三、完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(23._tohertwodogsandtothebeacAsitturnedout,Douglasdid30.whatsheshe31.__twoRussians.TheChinesecoach32.33.,helpingherskyrocketfroman34.memberofthenationalteaNotsolongago,MarthaKarolyi,thecoordinator(联络人)ofthewomen'snationalteam,didnotthinkDouglashadwhatit38.couldmaketheLondonGames—andwin.21.A.triedB.thoughtC.judged22.A.takeupB.packupC.cleanupD.doup23.A.goodbyeB.hello25.A.commonB.time26.A.breathtakingB.heartbreakingC.eye-catchingD.he27.A.droppedoutB.movedonC.pulledov28.A.reasonB.talkC29.A.metB.helpedC.understoodD.need30.A.approximatelyB.graduallyC.exactly31.A.defeatedB.pleasedC.respected32.A.forcedB.transformedC.persuaded33.A.worldB.cityC.team34.A.amateurB.electedC.averageD.ent37.A.confidentB.nervous38.A.viewedB.appearedC.mattered40.A.shineB.fly四、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Beijingisacitybridgingtheancientandthemodern.FromBuddhisttemplehutong.41._royalpalaces,itishometomorethan3,0layout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully42.(build)systemofringroads.Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisafast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitectural44.standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.Itisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差verydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombilast10years,I47.tokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.AsaphotThe49.(remark)developmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,50.discoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50yea五、短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(八),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。LastFridaymymomdecidedtocolorhishair.ShestudiedwithallthThecolorshechoosecameinaboxwhichhadapictureofawomanthathaircolorlookedjustpwassuresamecolorwjustasthedirectionssaying.However,insteadofthebrownishredhairshehadhopedfor,shefinalgotpurplehair.Shewentrightintotheshowertowashingit,butitwasnouse.Atleaston六、书面表达(满分25分)1.词数100左右；2.题目已为你写好。workedasaphysicianandperformedsurgeoverseas.Barryretiredin1859,havingpracticedherentiremedical写了一本书《女医生的故事》,描述了她作为一名医3.考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantocountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongthethoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely."尽可能会更好。可推知，依作者之见，风景摄影成功的关键是适当的时间管理。故选A。6.考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“However,wedidnotmarkthe在与朋友到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。故选C。7.考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely."尽【答案】8.A8.考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“WhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probabfishandchips,oraSundaydinne你想到英国食物时，你会想到什么?你可能想到的是炸鱼薯条，或是一肉两菜的周日晚餐。但是，英国食物真的如此无趣吗?可知对于英国食物，大家往往只是想到炸鱼薯条和周日周日晚餐，也就是说人们会觉得英国食物简简单单，平淡无奇。故9.考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“It'sthankstotBritonsareturningawayfrommeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutco10.考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Almostonethirdsaytheynowus料)thantheyusedto,andjustunde以前更好。也就是说33%左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。故选D。了。可推断，下文应该具体介绍电视上的男性厨师12.考查段落大意。根据第一段“Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity'sachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnot用物件来记录他们所关心的事情。可推知，第一段介绍了历史应该如何呈现给我们。故选A。13.考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,anside,wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain'srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAuonlyawoodenshield(盾)droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstex14.考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.W15.考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.”如果我们要找到对话的另性，想要更好的了解历史就要将文本和物品结合在一起。从而推断本文最有可能选自《100件物品中16.根据空后"butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople'swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心17.根据空前"Manyofthesespecies(物种)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter."这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生18.根据空后"Ifindduringthewimature-whichispartofthejoyofowningplants."年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们【答案】21.D;22.B;23.A;232.B;33.A;34.C;35.C;36.D;37.A;奥运冠军，远离家乡，和一名来自中国的教练一起训championintheindividual(个人)all-aroundevent,Gab"1,200milesawayfrom22.句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A.takeup”从事";B.packup"打包、收拾行李";C.bedroominVirginia”可知此处指她整理好她的卧室，准备离开，故选B。GabbyDouglas要离开自己的家，因此此处指与家里的两只狗说再见，故选A。可知，GabbyDouglas到了一个离家1200英里的地方，故选D。28.句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。A.reason"推理";B.talk"谈话";C.compete"竞争";D.train"培训"Douglas离开家，可推知，她来到这里是为了和一位A.approximately"大约";B.gradually"逐渐地";C.exactly"准确地，完全";D.possibly"可能地"。根据todotobecomeOlympicchampion"和下文"theOlympicall一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A.forced"强迫34.句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世通的";D.enthusiastic"热情的"。根据空后"memberofthenationa位中国教练帮助Douglas从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。故选C。故选A。相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。故选B。励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人，故选A。【答案】41.to;42.built;43.that/which;44.wonders;45.yet/but;46.Havingvisited;47.wasamazed;