2023届山东省新高考联合模拟济南二模考试英语 含解析

2023年4月山东省新高考联合模拟考试

英语试题

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写

在答题卡上。

2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂

黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应

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以上要求作答的答案无效。

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

ManysmallAmericantownsareknownfortheirbeautifulscenery,butveryfewhavesomethingspecialto

offer.Thefollowingareknownfortheiruniquestyles.

Scottshoro,Alabama

Thisattractivetownisknownas44TheLostLuggageCapitaloftheWorld^thankstotheunclaimedluggage

center,wherelostitemssuchassnowskis,instrumentsandengagementringsareforsale.Inadditiontothestore,

whichhasbecomeoneofAlabama'stoptouristandshoppingattractions,thecity'sparksandheritagecentersare

popularplacestovisit.

Hope,Kansas

HopeisacityinsouthernDickinsonCounty,Kansas,withapopulationof317.It'sthehomeofKlipsch

MuseumofAudioHistory,PresidentWilliamJeffersonClinton'sbirthplaceandseveralantiqueshops.Hope's

motto,whichisalsothenameofthetown'ssong,isTherewillalwaysbe'Hope'inKansas

Branson,Missouri

Althoughitspopulationisjustover10,000,Bransonhostsover9millionvisitorseachyear.Whenthebest­

sellingnovel,TheShepherdoftheHills,writtenbyHaroldBellWright,wasreleasedin1907,readersrushedtothe

Ozarkhillstoexperienceitsfamousviews.NowtouristsalsogettovisittheWorld'sLargestToyMuseum,the

world'slargestTitanicMuseumAttractionandtherecord-breakingthemepark,SilverDollarCity.

Leavenworth,Washington

LeavenworthisaEuropean-inspireddestination,offeringacollectionofoutdooractivitiesallyearlong.It

welcomesalmost2milliontouristseachyearandishometotheNutcracker（胡桃夹子）Museum,whichhasmore

than7,000nutcrackersfromaroundtheworld.ManyofitsvisitorstraveltothevillageinDecemberduringits

annualholidayfestivaltoseeitlightupwithmorethanonemillionChristmaslights.

1.WhyisScottsborocalled'TheLostLuggageCapitaloftheWorld”？

A.Itsellsunclaimedlostitems.

B.Ithasfancyheritagecenters.

C.Itfeaturesamusingcityparks.

D.Itofferstopshoppingattractions.

2.WhatcanvisitorsdoinBranson,Missouri?

A.Takepartinfestivals.

B.Shopatantiqueshops.

C.Visitthememuseums.

D.Watchlightshows.

3.Whichofthefollowingmightbethemostattractivetooutdoorfans?

A.Hope,Kansas.

B.Branson,Missouri.

C.Scottsboro,Alabama.

D.Leavenworth,Washington.

【答案】1.A2.C3.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了许多美国小镇都以美丽的风景而闻名，但很少有什么特别的东西可

以提供。以下是他们独特的风格的介绍。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据Scottshoro,Alabama中**Thisattractivetownisknownas"TheLostLuggageCapitalofthe

World''thankstotheunclaimedluggagecenter,wherelostitemssuchassnowskis,instrumentsandengagement

ringsareforsale.M（由于无人认领的行李中心，这个迷人的小镇被称为“世界遗失行李之都”，在那里

出售丢失的物品，如滑雪板、乐器和订婚戒指。）可知，斯科茨伯勒被称为“世界遗失行李之都”是因为

它出售无人认领的失物。故选A项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据Branson,Missouri中,NowtouristsalsogettovisittheWorld'sLargestToyMuseum,the

world'slargestTitanicMuseumAttractionandtherecord-breakingthemepark,SilverDollarCity.”（现在，游

客们还可以参观世界上最大的玩具博物馆、世界上最大的泰坦尼克号博物馆景点和破纪录的主题公园一

一银元城。）可知，游客在密苏里州的布兰森可以参观主题博物馆。故选C项。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据Leavenworth,Washington中“LeavenworthisaEuropean-inspireddestination,offeringa

collectionofoutdooractivitiesallyearlong.M（莱文沃思是•个欧洲风格的目的地，提供全年户外活动的集

合。）可知，华盛顿的莱文沃斯可能对户外爱好者最有吸引力。故选D项。

B

Astheworldhaschanged,sohaseducation.Since2018,NellyCheboiandhernon-profitTechLitAfricahave

beenbringingcomputertechnologyintoschoolsinKenya,helpingstudentsjointhedigitalworld,andunlocktheir

potential.Withitsownsoftwareprograms,curriculum（课程）andteachertrainingprograms,thisnon-profithopes

tochangeAfrica.

In2012,CheboireceivedascholarshiptoCollegeinIllinoisthatchangedherlife.Shegrewupinpovertyin

ruralKenya,watchinghermotherstruggletosupportherfamilyalone.Cheboihadnoexperiencewithcomputers

beforemovingtotheUStostudy.Shehandwrotepapersandthenstruggledtotypethemoutonalaptopcomputer.

Somehowshefellinlovewithcomputerscienceandbeganacareerinthefield.Butshedidnotlosesightofher

origins.<4Asanundergraduate,Iinvestedallofmyincomefromvariouscampusjobsintomycommunitybackin

Kenya,"shesaidontheTechLitAfricawebsite.ButsoonshewantedtodomoreforitandthatishowTechLit

Africabegan.

Cheboirecalledhowherbackgroundhelpedherunderstandhowimportanttechnologicalknowledgecouldbe

forchildrenlivinginpoverty.Shebuiltaschoolwiththeideaofbringingcomputerscienceaspartofkids'

curriculumgrowingup.Butshefoundthatitwasgoingtobereallyhardtoimpactasmanypeopleaspossible,

becauseitwassohardtofundraise.Theninordertoreachmorestudents,sheintroducedcomputertrainingto

existingschools.Cheboiphysicallydraggedover40recycledcomputersthathadbeendonatedtothembyvarious

techcompaniestoKenyainsuitcases.

Now,sincethenon-profithasgrown,itworkswithvariouscompaniesthathelpthemcleanthedonated

computersofdataandsendthemtoAfrica.TechLitAfricarunsitsowncurriculumwithitsownsoftwareprograms

in10Kenyanschools,andthehopeistoincreaseto100throughoutAfricabynextyear.Thestudentslovelearning

aboutcomputers,andinturnaregainingskillsthatwillhelpthemmakeuseoftheirtalentsintoawayoutofpoverty.

4.WhathasCheboibeendoingsince2018?

A.Boostinghersciencecareer.

B.Promotingdigitaleducation.

C.Startingascholarshipprogram.

D.Updatingthecomputercourses.

5.WhatinspiredCheboitosetupTechLitAfrica?

A.Herloveforcomputerscience.

B.Herdesiretohelpherhometown.

C.Herdreamofsupportingherfamily.

D.HerchildhoodexperienceintheUS.

6.WhatdoweknowaboutCheboifromParagraph3?

A.Shehopestohelpmorekids.

B.Sheplanstobuildnewschools.

C.Sheseekstodevelopnewcourses.

D.Shecallsfbrdonationsofcomputers.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCheboi?

A.Sensitive.B.Devoted.C.Considerate.D.Cooperative.

【答案】4.B5.B6.A7.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了自2018年以来，NellyCheboi和她的非营利组织TechLitAfrica一

直在将计算机技术带入肯尼亚的学校，这个非营利组织希望通过自己的软件程序、课程和教师培训项目来

改变非洲。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Since2018,NellyCheboiandhernon-profitTechLitAfricahavebeenbringing

computertechnologyintoschoolsinKenya,helpingstudentsjointhedigitalworld,andunlocktheirpotential.

Withitsownsoftwareprograms,curriculum（课程）andteachertrainingprograms,thisnon-profithopestochange

Africa.（自2018年以来，NellyCheboi和她的非营利组织TechLitAfrica一直在将计算机技术带入肯尼亚的

学校，帮助学生加入数字世界，并释放他们的潜力。这个非营利组织希望通过自己的软件程序、课程和

教师培训项目来改变非洲）”可知，Cheboi自2018年以来一直在推动数字教育。故选B。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段中的“"Asanundergraduate,Iinvestedallofmyincomefromvariouscampusjobs

intomycommunitybackinKenya,“shesaidontheTechLitAfricawebsite.Butsoonshewantedtodomoreforit

andthatishowTechLitAfricabegan.（“作为一名大学生，我把在校园里各种工作的收入全部投入到肯尼亚

的社区，"她在TechLitAfrica网站上说。但很快，她想为它做更多的事情，这就是TechLilAfrica的开

始）”可推知，她想帮助家乡的愿望激发了Cheboi建立TechLitAfrica。故选B。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Butshefoundthatitwasgoingtobereallyhardtoimpactasmanypeopleas

possible,becauseitwassohardtofundraise.Theninordertoreachmorestudents,sheintroducedcomputer

trainingtoexistingschools.Cheboiphysicallydraggedover40recycledcomputersthathadbeendonatedtothem

byvarioustechcompaniestoKenyainsuitcases.（但她发现，要影响尽可能多的人真的很难，因为筹集资金

太难了。然后，为了接触到更多的学生，她向现有的学校介绍了计算机培训。Cheboi把40多台回收的电

脑装在行李箱里拖到了肯尼亚，这些电脑是各大科技公司捐赠给他们的）”可知，Cheboi希望帮助更多的

孩子。故选A。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Since2018,NellyCheboiandhernon-profitTechLitAfricahavebeenbringing

computertechnologyintoschoolsinKenya,helpingstudentsjointhedigitalworld,andunlocktheirpotential.

Withitsownsoftwareprograms,curriculum（课程）andteachertrainingprograms,thisnon-profithopestochange

Africa.（自2018年以来，NellyCheboi和她的非营利组织TechLitAfrica一直在将计算机技术带入肯尼亚的

学校，帮助学生加入数字世界，并释放他们的潜力。这个非营利组织希望通过自己的软件程序、课程和

教师培训项目来改变非洲）”可知，Cheboi自2018年以来一直在推动数字教育，希望通过自己的软件程

序、课程和教师培训项目来改变非洲。由此推知，Cheboi是一个很有奉献精神的人。故选B。

C

APurdueUniversityinventioncouldsavemillionsoftaxpayerdollarsandsignificantlyreducetrafficdelays.

Thenewinvention,asensorthatallowsconcreteto"talk”,decreasesconstructiontimeandhowoftenconcrete

pavement（路面）needsrepairswhilealsoimprovingtheroad'ssustainabilityandcuttingitscarbonfootprint.Fixed

directlyintoaconcretepourthesensorsendsengineersmorepreciseandconsistentdataabouttheconcrete's

strengthandneedforrepairsthanispossiblewithcurrentlyusedtoolsandmethods.

"Trafficjamscausedbyrepairshavewasted4billionhoursand3billiongallonsofgas,onayearlybasis.This

ismainlyduetoinsufficientknowledgeandunderstandingofconcrete'sstrengthlevels,9,saidLunaLu,whohas

beenleadingdevelopmentofthesensorsince2017.“Forinstance,wedon'tknowwhenconcretewillreachtheright

strengthneededtoaccommodatetrafficloadsjustafterconstruction.Theconcretemaybeputintousetoo

early,leadingtofrequentrepairing,sheadded.

WiththetechnologyLuandherteaminvented,engineerscandirectlymonitorthefreshconcreteandaccurately

measuremanyofitspropertiesatonce.Thesensornoticesengineersviaasmartphoneappexactlywhenthe

pavementisstrongenoughtohandleheavytraffic.Thestrongerthepavementisbeforebeingusedbyvehicles,the

lessoftenitwillneedtoberepaired.Bydecreasingroadrepairsandconstructiontimelines,thistechnologycould

reducecarbondioxidethatvehicleswouldhavegivenoffwhilewaitingintraffictogetaroundaconstructionsite.

Methodsthattheindustryhasusedformorethanacenturycallfortestinglargesamplesofconcreteatalabor

onsitefacility.Eventhoughthesetestsarewellunderstoodbytheindustry,differencesbetweenlabandoutdoor

conditionscanleadtoinaccurateestimatesoftheconcrete'sstrengthduetothedifferentconcretecompositionsand

temperaturesofthesurroundingarea.

8.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthenewinvention?

A.Itdecreasesaccidents.

B.Itiscostlytoproduce.

C.Itreducesroadrepairs.

D.Itisdifficulttooperate.

9.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A.Wastecausedbyroadrepairs.

B.Characteristicsoftheconcrete.

C.Situationsofroadconstructions.

D.Necessityofinventingthesensor.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“notifies“inParagraph3mean?

A.Signals.B.Awakes.C.Monitor.D.Examines.

11.Whatistheproblemwiththeprevioustests?

A.Samplesmustbetestedonthespot.

B.Theresultsturnouttobeunreliable.

C.Fewerpropertieshavebeenmeasured.

D.Concreteistestedincertaintemperature.

【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了普渡大学的一项发明，该发明可以节省数百万纳税人的钱，并大

大减少交通延误。这项新发明是一种传感器，它可以让混凝土“说话”，减少施工时间和混凝土路面需要

维修的频率，同时提高道路的可持续性，减少碳足迹。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Thenewinvention,asensorthatallowsconcreteto"talk”,decreases

constructiontimeandhowoftenconcretepavement（路面）needsrepairswhilealsoimprovingtheroad's

sustainabilityandcuttingitscarbonfootprint/这项新发明是一种传感器，它可以让混凝土“说话”，减少施

工时间和混凝土路面需要维修的频率，同时提高道路的可持续性，减少碳足迹）”可知，这项新发明减少

了道路维修。故选C。

【9题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段“"Trafficjamscausedbyrepairshavewasted4billionhoursand3billiongallonsof

gas,onayearlybasis.Thisismainlyduetoinsufficientknowledgeandunderstandingofconcrete'sstrength

levels,saidLunaLu,whohasbeenleadingdevelopmentofthesensorsince2017.“Forinstance,wedon'tknow

whenconcretewillreachtherightstrengthneededtoaccommodatetrafficloadsjustafterconstruction.The

concretemaybeputintousetooearly,leadingtofrequentrepairing,9,sheadded.（“每年维修造成的交通堵塞浪

费了40亿小时和30亿加仑的汽油。这主要是由于对混凝土强度水平的认识和理解不足，”自2017年以

来一直领导该传感器开发的卢娜•卢说。“例如，我们不知道混凝土何时才能达到合适的强度，以适应

施工后的交通负荷。混凝土可能过早投入使用，导致频繁维修，”她补充道）”结合第一段的“Thenew

invention,asensorthatallowsconcreteto4ttalk,\decreasesconstructiontimeandhowoftenconcretepavement

（路面）needsrepairswhilealsoimprovingtheroad'ssustainabilityandcuttingitscarbonfootprint.（这项新发明

是一种传感器，它可以让混凝土“说话”，减少施工时间和混凝土路面需要维修的频率，同时提高道路

的可持续性，减少碳足迹）”可知，第二段主要论述了发明传感器的必要性。故选D。

【10题详解】

词句猜测题。根据划线词下文"viaasmartphoneappexactlywhenthepavementisstrongenoughtohandle

heavytraffic.（通过一款智能手机应用程序，准确判断路面是否足够坚固，可以应对繁忙的交通）”可知，

此处指传感器通过一款智能手机应用程序告知工程师相关信息。由此可知，划线词notifies与signals（告

知）意思接近。故选Ao

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Eventhoughthesetestsarewellunderstoodbytheindustry,differences

betweenlabandoutdoorconditionscanleadtoinaccurateestimatesoftheconcrete'sstrengthduetothedifferent

concretecompositionsandtemperaturesofthesurroundingarea.（尽管这些测试被业界彳艮好地理解,但由于混凝

土成分和周围地区温度的不同，实验室和室外条件之间的差异可能导致对混凝土强度的不准确估计）”可

推知，以前试验的问题是结果不可靠。故选B。

D

AstudyfromtheUniversityofMontrealandtheMontrealMuseumofFineArts,publishedinFrontiersin

Medicine,foundthatregularvirtualvisitstomuseumscouldhelpseniorsstaymentallyactiveandcomewithahost

ofadditionalhealthbenefits.That'sbecausethesedigitalconnectionscanmakeretireesfeellesslonelyand

isolated（孤立的）.

Socialisolationhasbeenassociatedwiththerisksforheartdiseaseandthedeclineofrecognitionabilitiesin

seniorsandthepandemic（疫情）increasedtherisksduetotheneedforseniorstostayhomeandisolate,according

toapressreleasefromtheuniversity.

Theresearchersinvestigatedthepotentialbenefitsofweeklyvirtualvisitsforathree-monthperiod.The

participantswerepeopleaged65andolderwholivedinMontreal.Halfoftheparticipantstookpartinonlinevisits

andadiscussionafterwards,whilethecontrolgroupdidnotparticipateinanyculturaleventsatall.Thegroupwho

participatedinthevirtualvisitsshowedimprovementsintheirqualityoflife.k4Ourstudyshowedthatart-based

activitiesmaybeaneffectiveintervention,^leadauthorDr.OlivierBeauchet,aprofessorattheUniversityof

Montreal,saidinthepressrelease,t4Onaglobalscale,thisparticipatoryart-basedactivitycouldbecomeamodel

thatcouldbeofferedinmuseumsandartsinstitutionsworldwidetopromoteactiveandhealthyaging.”

TheinitiativereflectsapproachesrecommendedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationtomanagecertaindiseases

accordingtoBeauchet.Forinstance,theWHOlaunchedtheAgingandHealthProgramin2015thatincluded

usingcommunity-basedorganizationstopromotecultureasakeycomponentofimprovinghealth.Traditionally,

thesesortsofpreventivehealthactivitieshavetakenplaceinschools,communitycenters,andworkplaces."While

thesearesuitablelocationsthatreachagreatnumberofpeople,thereareadditionalorganizationsandsectorsthat

couldbecomepartnersinpublichealthresearchandpracticedevelopment,Beauchetsaid."Museumsareamong

suchpotentialpartners.Theyareawareoftheneedsoftheircommunitiesandareconsequentlyexpandingthetypes

ofactivitiestheyoffer>.”

12.Howdoseniorsbenefitfromregularvirtualvisitstomuseums?

A.Theygetsurvivalskills.

B.Theyraiseinterestinart.

C.Theyimprovequalityoflife.

D.Theyconnectmorewithfamily.

13.WhatcanbeinferredfromBeauchet'swordsinParagraph3?

A.Participantscomefromthewholeworld.

B.Themuseumneedsbetterculturalevents.

C.Face-to-facediscussionisausefulintervention.

D.Seniorsshouldattendmoreart-basedactivities.

14.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?

A.Toadvocate.B.Toentertain.C.Toadvertise.D.Towarn.

15.Whichmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheAgedFormaCommunitytoReduceLoneliness

B.VirtualArt-basedActivitiesBringPeopleTogether

COnlineMuseumTripsImproveSeniors'Well-being

D.RetiredIndividualsPayMoreVisitstoMuseums

【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了蒙特利尔大学和蒙特利尔美术博物馆发表在《医学前沿》上的一项

研究发现，定期虚拟参观博物馆可以帮助老年人保持精神活跃，并带来许多额外的健康益处。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段“AstudyfromtheUniversityofMontrealandtheMontrealMuseumofFineArts,

publishedinFrontiersinMedicine,foundthatregularvirtualvisitstomuseumscouldhelpseniorsstaymentally

activeandcomewithahostofadditionalhealthbenefits.That'sbecausethesedigitalconnectionscanmake

retireesfeellesslonelyandisolated（孤立的）（蒙特利尔大学和蒙特利尔美术博物馆发表在《医学前沿》

上的一项研究发现，定期虚拟参观博物馆可以帮助老年人保持精神活跃，并带来许多额外的健康益处。

这是因为这些数字联系可以让退休人员感到不那么孤独和孤立。）可知，老年人从定期虚拟参观博物馆中

提高了生活质量。故选C项。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段中“"Ourstudyshowedthatart-basedactivitiesmaybeaneffectiveintervention,

leadauthorDr.OlivierBeauchet,aprofessorattheUniversityofMontreal,saidinthepressrelease.tcOnaglobal

scale,thisparticipatoryart-basedactivitycouldbecomeamodelthatcouldbeofferedinmuseumsandarts

institutionsworldwidetopromoteactiveandhealthyaging.""（“我们的研究表明，以艺术为基础的活动可

能是一种有效的干预，”蒙特利尔大学教授、该研究的主要作者奥利维尔•博切特博士在新闻发布会上

说。“在全球范围内，这种参与性的艺术活动可以成为一种模式，可以在世界各地的博物馆和艺术机构

中提供，以促进积极和健康的老龄化。”）可知，从第三段博切特的话中可以推断出老年人应该参加更

多的艺术活动。故选D项。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段"TheinitiativereflectsapproachesrecommendedbytheWorldHealth

Organizationtomanagecertaindiseases,accordingtoBeauchet.Forinstance,theWHOlaunchedtheAgingand

HealthProgramin2015thatincludedusingcommunity-basedorganizationstopromotecultureasakey

componentofimprovinghealth.w（博切特说，这一倡议反映了世界卫生组织推荐的管理某些疾病的方法。

例如，世卫组织于2015年启动了老龄化与健康规划，其中包括利用社区组织促进文化，将其作为改善健

康的关键组成部分。）可推知，最后一段的目的是为了提倡和号召老龄化与健康规划。故选A项。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段l,AstudyfromtheUniversityofMontrealandtheMontrealMuseum

ofFineArts,publishedinFrontiersinMedicine,foundthatregularvirtualvisitstomuseumscouldhelpseniors

staymentallyactiveandcomewithahostofadditionalhealthbenefits.That'sbecausethesedigitalconnections

canmakeretireesfeellesslonelyandisolated（孤立的）（蒙特利尔大学和蒙特利尔美术博物馆发表在《医

学前沿》上的一项研究发现，定期虚拟参观博物馆可以帮助老年人保持精神活跃，并带来许多额外的健

康益处。这是因为这些数字联系可以让退休人员感到不那么孤独和孤立。）可知，文章主要讲的是定期虚

拟参观博物馆可以帮助老年人保持精神活跃，并带来许多额外的健康益处。故文章合适的标题是“网上

博物馆之旅改善老年人的健康”。故选C项。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

ItseemsabitstrangetoimagineancientEgyptianscelebratingtheirbirthdayswithlayeredcakestoppedwith

lightedcandles.16

Thefirstbirthdaycakeswerenothingofwhattheyaretodayandweren'tevencalledbirthday

cakes.17Atthattimeonlytheycouldaffordtocelebratewithsomethingsweet.Thatishowcakebecame

associatedwithspecialoccasions.

AncientEgyptiansarecreditedwith"inventing^thebirthdaycelebration.AndancientGreeksborrowedthe

traditionbutrightfullyrealizedthatadessertwouldmakethecelebrationallthemoremeaningful.Sotheybaked

moon-shapedcakestoofferuptothemoon.18

Itwasn'tjusttheancientEgyptiansandGreekswhocelebratedwithsweetcakes.19Andit'sbelieved

thattheoriginalbirthdaycakecamefromthem.Ratherthanjustcelebratingbirthdays,though,ancientRomewas

knownforcelebratingallthingswithacakeincludingwedding,buttherewasanexception——thebirthdayscelebrated

wereonlyformenwhowerecitizens,andtheyhadtobefamous.

Modembirthdaypartiesaresaidtogettheirrootsfromthe18th-centuryGermancelebration.Onthemorning

ofachild'sbirthday,heorshewouldreceiveacakewithlightedcandlesthataddeduptothechild'sageplus

one.20Thebirthdaychildwouldmakeawish,trytoblowoutallthecandlesinonebreath,anddigin.

A.AncientRomansalsohadtheirtraditions.

B.Rather,theyweresymbolicofthenobleclass.

C.AncientGreeksmadethefirstbirthdaycakes.

D.Onbirthday,childrenwouldeatcakesmadebytheirmums.

E.Theyalsodecoratedthecakestomakethemshinelikethemoon.

F.Thisextracandlewascalledthelightofhopeforanothernewyear.

G.However,they'retheoneswhofirstcameupwiththeideatodoso.

【答案】16.G17.B18.E19.A20.F

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了蛋糕的起源以及它的发展史。

【16题详解】

根据上文“ItseemsabitstrangetoimagineancientEgyptianscelebratingtheirbirthdayswithlayeredcakes

toppedwithlightedcandles."（想象古埃及人用分层的蛋糕和点燃的蜡烛来庆祝他们的生日，似乎有点奇

怪。）说明古埃及人的一种怪异的想法，结合选项G项However,they'retheoneswhofirstcameupwiththe

ideatodoso.（然而，他们是最先提出这个想法的人。）上下文紧密连接，和上文意思一致，其中they指

代的就是ancientEgyptians,故选G项。

【17题详解】

上文“Thefirstbirthdaycakeswerenothingofwhattheyaretodayandweren'tevencalledbirthdaycakes.”

（第一个生日蛋糕与今天的蛋糕完全不同，甚至不叫生日蛋糕。）说明生日蛋糕与今天的蛋糕完全不同。

下文“Atthattimeonlytheycouldaffordtocelebratewithsomethingsweet.Thatishowcakebecameassociated

withspecialoccasions."（在那个时候，只有他们买得起一些甜蜜的东西来庆祝。这就是蛋糕如何与特殊

场合联系在一起的。）说明蛋糕的特殊性。故可推断空格处内容为蛋糕和现在不同的原因。结合选项B项

Rather,theyweresymbolicofthenobleclass.（相反，它们是贵族阶级的象征。）解释不同的原因，上下文语

意连贯。故选B项。

【18题详解】

根据上文“Sotheybakedmoon-shapedcakestoofferuptothemoon."（所以他们烤了月亮形状的蛋糕来献

给月亮。）说明对蛋糕的设计和用意。结合选项E项Theyalsodecoratedthecakestomakethemshinelike

themoon.（他们还装饰蛋糕，使它们像月亮一样发光。）说明对蛋糕的装饰，上下文意思一致，为对上文

的语意递进，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。

【19题详解】

上文"Itwasn'tjusttheancientEgyptiansandGreekswhocelebratedwithsweetcakes."（不仅仅是古埃及人

和古希腊人用甜蛋糕来庆祝。）；下文“Andit'sbelievedthattheoriginalbirthdaycakecamefromthem.”

（们相信最初的生日蛋糕就是来自他们O）故可推断空格处内容为还有其它国家或者地方有这样的传统习

俗。结合选项A项AncientRomansalsohadtheirtraditions.（古罗马人也有自己的传统。）符合此推断，上

下文语意连贯。故选A项。

【20题详解】

上文“Onthemorningofachild'sbirthday,heorshewouldreceiveacakewithlightedcandlesthataddedupto

thechilesageplusone."（在孩子生日的早晨，他或她会收到一个蛋糕，上面点着的蜡烛加起来就是孩子

的年龄加一岁。）说明点着的蜡烛加的寓意。下文uThebirthdaychildwouldmakeawish,trytoblowoutall

thecandlesinonebreath,anddigin."（过生日的孩子会许一个愿，试着一口气吹灭所有的蜡烛，然后开始

吃。）也是说明蜡烛的用意。故可推断空格处内容为与蜡烛有关。结合选项F项Thisextracandlewas

calledthelightofhopeforanothernewyear.（这支额外的蜡烛被称为新的一岁的希望之光。）符合此推断，

说明蜡烛的寓意，和上下文内容一致，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。

第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。

In2013,myhusbandRobintookanewjobinGhana.WerelocatedfromLondon,whereIworkedasa

photographer,tothecapital,Accra.Robinworked,butmyvisadidn'tpermitmeto,andIwaslefthomesickand

lacking21.Withfewpeoplearound,Iturnedto22.1photographedhorsesandconsideredtheoutdoors

theplacewhereIfeltmost23

InSeptember2018,afteronebadthunderstormJfoundabird,barelyamonthold,ontheground.He

was24byhisflock（群）.Hiseyeswereshut,tooyoungto25alone.Iplacedhiminacardboardboxand

stayedupallnight,researchinghowto26him.Ispoketoanexpertwhosaiditwouldtake12weekstoprepare

himforthe27

Forthenext84days,the28birdlivedonme.Hewouldflyalongsideme.Ashelearnedtofly,he'd

makeshort29frommyhand,tomyshoulder,andthensettledonmyhair.I30namedhimbecause

Ihadto31myselfthatheneededtoreturntothewild.Inreturnforputtinghislifebackoncourse,

he32mebygivingmepurpose.Threemonthslater,hewas33enoughandflyingfartherfrom

me.Itwastimeforhimtogo.Thenonacleardaywhenhisflockreturned,RobinandItookhimoutandthelittle

birdflewawaywiththem.

34himtaughtmehowtoliveinthepresent.Lastyear,Ijoinedlocalconservationefforts.That,along

withthe35thatanylittlecreaturecanmakeadifference,iswhatheleftme.

21.A.purposeB.interestC.experienceD.confidence

22.A.familyB.sportsC.natureD.school

23.A.gratefulB.aliveC.stressedD.scared

24.A.enviedB.controlledC.recognizedD.abandoned

25A.surviveB.fightC.escapeD.play

26.A.gowithB.careforC.focusonD.speakabout

27.A.travelB.stayC.wildD.change

28.A.rareB.lazyC.proudD.tiny

29.A.noisesB.dancesC.flightsD.stops

30.A.kindlyB.cheerfullyC.onceD.never

31.A.remindB.promiseC.cheatD.motivate

32.A.attractedB.honoredC.shockedD.rewarded

33.A.highB.strongC.smartD.calm

34.A.RaisingB.ToleratingC.EvaluatingD.Amusing

35.A.secretB.messageC.newsD.lesson

【答案】21.A22.C