命题点1 宾语从句

第三部分

语法专题精讲练专题十

主从复合句命题点1

宾语从句

宾语指的是在句子中置于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的成分，是谓语动词的接受者。如：“I

like

reading.”中“reading”就是动词“like”的宾语。而当宾语的表现形式为句子的时候，这个句子就叫作宾语从句。如：Mary

thinks

that

the

teams

were

fantastic.I

know

that

he

plans

to

go

to

Beijing

tomorrow.三要素用法例句引导词that，在从句中无意义，不充当句子成分，在口语中常可省略。I

believe（that）you

will

succeed.三要素用法例句引导词连接代词（what/which/who/whom/whose）在从句中作成分，如主语、宾语、定语等。Lisa

wonders

what

she

should

do

next.Do

you

know

whose

coat

it

is？连接副词（where/when/why/how）在从句中作状语。Jessie

hasn’t

decided

when

she

will

leave

for

Paris.if/whether（是否），不作句子成分，但不能省略。I

don’t

know

if/whether

my

sister

will

come

to

the

party.续表三要素用法例句语序陈述句语序：主语+谓语+其他。I

wonder

how

Jim

came

to

school

this

morning.时态主句：现在的某种时态；从句：根据实际情况使用相应时态。I

remember

Linda

came

here

two

days

ago.主句：过去的某种时态；从句：过去的某种时态。John

told

me

he

had

finished

his

homework.从句若为客观事实、真理、自然现象等，不管主句使用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。Our

geography

teacher

told

us

that

the

earth

travels

around

the

sun.续表拓展1.

在介词之后，动词不定式之前或与or

not连用，只能用whether，不能用if。除此之外，whether引导的从句可以放在句首，if不可以。如：I

can’t

decide

whether

to

buy

this

bike

or

not.2.

宾语从句的否定前移在宾语从句中，当主语为第一人称，主句的谓语动词为think,

believe,

expect,

imagine,

suppose等且无其他修饰语时，

从句中表示否定意义的not应移到这些词之前。如：I

don’t

think

you

are

right.3.如果复合句中宾语从句很长，

那么可以用it作形式宾语，

以免句子头重脚轻。如：He

made

it

quite

clear

that

he

preferred

to

study

English.4.当what,

who,

which在宾语从句中作主语时，该句型疑问语序不变。如：I

don’t

know

what’s

wrong/the

matter/the

trouble

with

sb.；I

don’t

know

what

happened

to

sb.；I

don’t

know

which

is

the

way

to…随堂练一、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子what

when

why

whetherlook

create

how

where1.The

teacher

told

us

______

we

would

have

the

next

exam.

I

only

have

two

weeks

left

to

review.when2.I

wonder

_______

the

nearest

supermarket

is.

I

need

to

buy

some

fresh

fruit.where3.I

would

rather

teach

you

_____

to

do

it

than

give

you

the

answer

directly．how4.I

often

follow

______

the

teachers

said

in

class,

so

I

learn

well

in

many

subjects.what5.The

nature

world

is

quite

amazing.

I

really

want

to

know

_____

leaves

turn

yellow

in

autumn.why6.The

students

studying

abroad

had

to

make

a

choice

_________

to

return

or

to

stay．whether7.Could

you

tell

me

when

you

___________

a

new

song?

We

are

looking

forward

to

it.will

create8.He

asked

me

why

I

_______

unhappy

just

now，

but

I

didn’t

tell

him

the

reason.looked二、用方框中所给单词完成语篇what

when

how

that

Exercise

helps

to

keep

us

in

good

health.

Health

experts

suggest

1._____

at

least

150

minutes

of

proper

physical

activities

every

week

can

reduce

the

risk

of

catching

a

cold.

But

what

about

those

when

you

are

sick?

If

you

do

not

feel

well,

should

you

continue

to

do

2.

______you’re

advised?

Health

experts

make

sure

when

signs（迹象）

of

your

illness

thatwhatare

all

above

the

neck,

it’s

fine

to

exercise.

For

example,

there

is

something

wrong

with

your

nose,

and

you

wonder

3.

_____to

ease（减轻）

it.

In

fact,

exercise

may

make

you

feel

better

and

help

you

to

breathe

more

easily.

At

the

same

time,

experts

also

remind

4.

______you

should

take

a

break

from

exercising.