命题点3 动词的语态

第三部分

语法专题精讲练专题一

动词命题点3

动词的语态1.被动语态的构成和用法2.主动语态变被动语态的方法口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓语动词用被动。3.主动结构表被动意义的情况（1）open,

lock,

write,

read,

sell,

wash,

clean,

watch,

cut,

burn,

drive

等作不及物动词时，且主语为物，可用主动结构表被动意义。如：This

kind

of

pen

writes

very

smoothly.（2）look,

sound,

taste,

smell等系动词描述某物特征时。如：Mooncakes

taste

delicious.（3）be

worth

doing“值得做”。如：This

book

is

worth

reading.（4）need/require

doing

sth.=need/require

to

be

done，

to

be

done是不定式的被动结构。如：Your

car

needs

washing.=Your

car

needs

to

be

washed.随堂练一、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子speak

finish

considercreate

improve

advise1.WeChat

was

________

by

Tencent

in

2011

and

over

one

billion

people

have

been

using

it

to

chat

online

so

far.created2.Chinese

is

the

language

which

is

________

by

the

largest

population

in

the

world.spoken3.Nowadays,

cycling,

along

with

swimming,

is

___________

as

one

of

the

best

all-round

forms

of

exercise.considered4.If

we

take

action

to

recycle

daily

things,

the

environment

will

be

__________

greatly

in

our

city.improved5.In

the

West,

during

the

meal,

you

may

be

________

to

serve

yourself

by

someone

who

says,“Help

yourself.”advised6.The

work

has

been

_________.

It

took

longer

than

I

expected.finished二、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成语篇call

collect

use

start

expect

solve

A

project

is

being

1.________

by

a

team

of

scientists

at

Greenwich

University

in

London.

They

are

trying

to

find

ways

to

make

food

on

Mars（火星）

in

the

future.

The

project

is

2._______

Feeding

Mars.

It

tries

to

use

water,

fish

and

fish

waste

to

grow

fruit

and

vegetables

on

Mars.startedcalled

Farming

on

Mars，

however，

will

be

very

hard.

There's

plenty

of

water

that

could

be

3._________

from

ice

just

below

the

surface，

but

the

land

on

Mars

is

missing

the

nutrients（养分）

that

living

things

need.

The

team

say

that

the

problem

will

be

4._______

by

growing

plants

and

fish

together.

Fish

waste

can

then

be

5.______

to

provide

nutrients

for

plants.

“It

is

6._________

that

you

can

grow

lots

of

food，

such

as

vegetables，

salads，

tea

and

medicinal

plants

on

Mars,”

said

Dr.

Ben