九年级英语《Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth!》同步训练

《Unit13We’retryingtosavetheearth.》同步训练Unit13We’retryingtosavetheearth.单元知识背记手册

SectionA重点单词1.litter乱扔；垃圾；废弃物2.bottom底部；最下部3.fisherman渔民；钓鱼的人4.coal煤；煤块5.ugly丑陋的；难看的6.advantage优点；有利条件7.cost花费；价钱8.wooden木制的；木头的9.plastic塑料的；塑料；塑胶10.cruel残酷的；残忍的11.harmful有害的12.industry工业；行业13.law法律；法规14.scientific科学上的；科学的15.afford承担得起(后果)；买得起

SectionA重点短语1.playapartin参与；在……中起作用2.toomuch太多3.cutdown减少……的量；砍倒4.insteadof代替；而不是5.makeadifference产生影响或作用6.cutoff砍掉；切断7.notonly…butalso…不但……而且……8.beharmfulto对……有害9.atthetopof在……顶部或顶端10.sofar到目前为止11.indanger处于危险状态12.takepartin参加13.turnoff关掉14.payfor付费；付出代价15.takeaction采取行动

SectionB重点单词1.recycle回收利用；再利用2.gate大门3.bottle瓶子4.president负责人；主席；总统5.work(音乐、艺术)作品6.metal金属

SectionB重点短语1.throwaway扔掉；抛弃2.putsth.togooduse好好利用某物3.build…outof用……修建……4.pull…down拆下；摧毁5.upsidedown上下颠倒；倒转6.setup建立7.bringback恢复；归还；使想起

词形变换1.fisherman→(复数)fishermen2.wooden→(名词)wood3.harmful→(名词)harm4.scientific→(名词)science5.creativity→(形容词)creative

重点句型1.We'retryingtosavetheearth!我们正尽力挽救地球！2.Eventhebottomoftheriverwasfullofrubbish.甚至河的底部都充满了垃圾。3.Everyoneinthistownshouldplayapartincleaningitup!这个城镇中的每个人都应该参与把它打扫干净！4.Well，tocutdownairpollution，weshouldtakethebusorsubwayinsteadofdriving.为了减少空气污染，我们应该乘公共汽车或地铁，而不是开车。5.It'sgoodforhealthanditdoesn'tcostanything!它对健康有益，而且不花费任何东西！6.Sotogether，ouractionscanmakeadifferenceandleadtoabetterfuture！因此，我们齐心协力就能带来变化，创造更加美好的未来！7.Doyouoftenthrowawaythingsyoudon'tneedanymore？你经常扔掉你不再需要的东西吗？8.ShelivesinahouseintheUKthatshebuiltherselfoutofrubbish.她住在英国，房子是她自己用废弃物建成的。9.Ihopepeoplecanreadmybookandenjoyit！我希望人们能读到我的书并喜欢它！第一课时SectionA(1a～2d)01基础过关Ⅰ.根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。1.Wecanclearlyseefishswimmingattheb________oftheriver.2.Thegirlseldomgoesoutsidebecauseofanu________scar(伤疤)onherface.3.Weshoulduseclothbagsinsteadofpaperorp________bags.4.Thevillagersusedtoburnc________togetwarm.5.Don'tl________wastethingseverywhere.Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。6.Thereisa________(wood)tableinthemiddleoftheroom.7.Thereusedtobemany________(fisherman)inthevillage.8.Ididn'tbuythecarbecauseit________(cost)toomuch.9.Canyoutellmethemachine's________(advantage)?10.Her________(act)tellusalotaboutherpurpose.Ⅲ.单项选择。()11.(十堰中考)—Smartphonesaremoreandmorepopularnow.—Sotheyare.Buttheystill________toomuch.A.payB.costC.takeD.spend()12.Weshouldkeepthewindows________inordertoletthefreshairin.A.openB.openedC.closeD.closed()13.Arobothaslotsof________.Itcanhelphumansdohardanddangerouswork.A.courageB.experiencesC.advantagesD.knowledge()14.—Let'sgohiking________stayingathome，shallwe?—Goodidea.A.aswellasB.inordertoC.insteadofD.eventhough()15.ManykidslaughatKim'slooksandtheythinkheis________.A.cleverB.uglyC.niceD.kindⅣ.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。16.这个房间里将有一个聚会，请在聚会后把房间打扫干净。Therewillbeapartyinthisroom.Please________it________aftertheparty.17.树对我们是有用的，当我们砍倒一些时，应该栽更多。Treesareveryusefultous.Weshouldplantmorewhenwe________some________.18.这条裙子花了我60美元。Thedress________________$60.19.我们的行动会带来不同，并引领一个更好的未来。Ouractionscan________________________andleadtoabetterfuture.20.这条河被严重污染了。Theriver________________________.02能力提升Ⅴ.补全对话。根据对话内容，从方框中选择合适的选项补全对话。(其中有两项多余)Bob:Goodmorning，Kim.Kim:Goodmorning.Bob:__21__Itcansavealotoftime.Kim:Well，Ipreferwalkingtodrivingacar.Bob:Mm，it'sgoodforhealthandtheenvironment.Kim:Yes.Theenvironmentisveryimportantforus.__22__Bob:Yeah，right.Whatelsecanwedo?Kim:Forexample，we'dbetternotbuyclothesmadeofanimalfur.Bob:Iagreewithyou.__23__Anythingelse?Kim:Don'tuseplasticbags.Bob:__24__Kim:Yes，theyarereallyusefulforus.Buttheypolluteourenvironment.Bob:__25__Kim:Wecanuseclothbagsinsteadofplasticones.Bob:That'sagoodidea.Oh，it'slate.Imustgonow.Seeyou!Kim:Seeyou!A.Everyoneshoulddosomethingforit.B.Whydon'tyoudrivetowork?C.It'suselessforprotectingplants.D.It'sagoodwaytoprotectanimals.E.Butdon'tyouthinktheyarereallyconvenientinourdailylives?F.Whydoyougotoworkinacar?G.Howcanwecarrythingsaftershopping，then?21.________22.________23.________24.________25.________第一课时SectionA(1a～2d)Ⅰ.1.bottom2.ugly3.plastic4.coal5.litterⅡ.6.wooden7.fishermen8.cost9.advantages10.actionsⅢ.11-15BACCBⅣ.16.clean；up17.cut；down18.costme19.makeadifference20.wasbadlypollutedⅤ.21-25BADEG第二课时SectionA(3a～3b)01基础过关Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示填写单词。1.Ithinkit's________(残酷的)ofthemtoshoottheanimals.2.Withthedevelopmentof________(工业)，itwillcausesomepollutionproblems.3.Thethiefwas________(抓住)bythepolicelastnight.4.Youwillbepunishedifyoubreakthe________(法律).5.________(鲨鱼)areverysmartanimals.Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。6.Hainanisinthe________(south)partofChina.7.Weallsupporthis________(science)research.8.Thisisan________(danger)animal.Weshouldtrytosaveit.9.Smokingis________(harm)toyourhealth.Youmustgiveitup.10.Tomis________(strong)inourschool.Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。11.保护海洋生态系统食物链的平衡很重要。It'sveryimportanttokeepthebalanceofthe________________intheoceanecosystem.12.目前很多动物的数量在下降。Atpresentthenumberofmanyanimals________________.13.他的中指在工作时不小心被机器切掉了。Hismiddlefinger________accidentally________________whileworking.14.让我们拒绝鱼翅汤吧。因为保护鲨鱼就是保护我们自己。Let's________________________________________________because“toprotectsharksistoprotectourselves”.15.听！贾森在练歌房里引吭高歌。Listen!Jasonissinging________________________________hisvoiceinthesinginghall.02能力提升Ⅳ.完形填空。Therewasonceagreyplanet.Thepeoplelivingtheredidn't16it，althoughtheyhadalltheinventionsyoucouldimagine.Theplanetwasfullof17.Itwassodirtythattherewerenoplantsoranimalsleft.Oneday，a18waswalkingontheplanet.Whenhepassedacave(洞穴)，henoticedasmallredflowerinside.Theflowerwasdying，sotheboycarefullydugitup，withitsroots(根)，soilandeverything.Then，hestartedlookingforaplacewherehecould19it.Hesearchedallovertheplanet，buttheplanetwasso20thattherewasnoplacetoplanttheflower.Thenhelookedupattheskyandnoticedthemoon.Theboythoughtthatmaybetheflowercouldbeplantedthere.Sotheboy21hisspacesuit(宇宙服)andclimbedintoaspaceship(宇宙飞船).Hewenttothemoonandthenplantedtheflowerthere.Farawayfrompollution，theflower22togrow.Theflowerwasso23caredforthatitsoonproducedotherflowers.Beforelong，thewholemoonwascompletelycoveredwithflowers.Theywerequitebeautiful.That's24，whenevertheboy'sflowersbloom(开花)，themoonhasaredsheen(光辉).Itlookslikeawarninglight.Ittellsusthat25youdon'tlookafteryourplanet，adaywhenflowerswillonlybeabletogrowonthemoonwillcome.()16.A.takepartinB.takecareofC.playwithD.runafter()17.A.waterB.spaceC.foodD.litter()18.A.girlB.womanC.boyD.man()19.A.throwB.plantC.sellD.catch()20.A.pollutedB.largeC.quietD.clean()21.A.turnedonB.putonC.wokeupD.gaveup()22.A.rememberedB.forgotC.startedD.stopped()23.A.wellB.badlyC.clearlyD.slowly()24.A.whatB.whoC.whereD.why()25.A.althoughB.unlessC.ifD.so名校讲坛harmful的用法harmful作形容词，意为“有害的；导致损害的”，常构成短语beharmfulto，意为“对……有害的”。harm意为“害处”，常构成短语doharmto，意为“对……有害”。第二课时SectionA(3a～3b)Ⅰ.1.cruel2.industry3.caught4.laws5.SharksⅡ.6.southern7.scientific8.endangered9.harmful10.thestrongestⅢ.11.foodchain12.isdropping13.was；cutoff14.saynotosharkfinsoup15.atthetopofⅣ.16-20BDCBA21-25BCADC第三课时SectionA(4a～4c)01基础过关Ⅰ.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示填写单词。1.Thehouseisreallyexpensive.Ican'ta________it.2.Howmuchdidyoup________forthecomputer?3.Remembertoturno________thelightwhenyouleavetheroom.4.Whatdoyouthinkofthe________(交通运输)inyourcity?5.Thiskindofmaterialis________(可重复使用的).Don'tthrowit.Ⅱ.单项选择。()6.—Whydon'tyoubuythecomputer?—It'stooexpensive.Ican't________it.A.affordB.sellC.borrowD.keep()7.Anyonewhosingswellcan________theactivityinourschool.A.takepartinB.takeoffC.takeoutD.takecareof()8.Ourgovernmenthastodosomething________ourenvironment.A.protectB.protectedC.protectingD.toprotect()9.They________manybuildingsinthelastfiveyears.A.buildB.havebuiltC.builtD.arebuilding()10.—HowmuchisthetickettoCentralPark?—Aone－wayticket________$40，andyoucan________another$20foraround－trip.A.costs；payB.cost；spendC.pay；spendD.spends；payⅢ.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。11.当你出去的时候，不要忘记关灯。Don'tforgetto________________thelightswhenyougoout.12.你愿意参加校运动会吗？Wouldyouliketo________________________theschoolsportsmeeting?13.你买所有这些东西一共花了多少钱？Howmuchdidyou________________allthesethings?14.我至今还没有得到她的回复。Ihavehadnoreplyfromher________________.15.我觉得对我来说是采取行动的时间了。Ifeltthatitwastimeforme________________________.02能力提升Ⅳ.阅读理解。11－year－oldSeanLesniakisinterestedinsharks.Hewantstohelpthemsurvive(生存).WhenSeanwas3yearsold，helearnedthatmanysharkswerekilledjustfortheirfins!AsSean'sinterestinsharksgrew，hewantedtotakeactiontoprotectsharks.Hedecidedtostartathomewhenhelearnedthathisstate，Massachusetts，didnothavealawthatpreventedsharkfinning!Seanwrotealettertohisstaterepresentative(州议员)，DavidNangle，askinghimtointroducealawthatwouldban(禁止)sharkfinningintheirstate.Inhisletter，Seanincludedapaintingofasharkwithitsfinremoved.Afterafewtries，hewasabletospeaktoRepresentativeNanglewhoagreedtoproposethebill(提出此项议案).InJune，2014itbecamealaw!Massachusettsisnowoneofthe10statesinAmericathatbansharkfinning.Seanisalsonowinterestedinhelpingprotectseaturtlesinhishomestate.AndguesswhatSeanwantstobewhenhegrowsup.Asharkbiologist(生物学家)ofcourse!Sean'sactionsshowhowyoungpeoplecanmakeabigdifference.Hisadvicetootherchildrenis，“Ifyouareinterestedinsomethingandifyoubelieveyoucandoit，youshouldtryyourbesttomakeithappen.”根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F)。()16.Seanisscaredofsharks.()17.SeanwrotealettertotheRepresentativeNangle.()18.MassachusettsisSean'shometown.()19.MassachusettshasalreadybannedsharkfinningsinceJune，2014.()20.Sean'sdreamistobecomeasharkbiologist.第三课时SectionA(4a～4c)Ⅰ.1.afford2.pay3.off4.transportation5.reusableⅡ.6-10AADBAⅢ.11.turnoff12.takepartin13.payfor14.sofar15.totakeactionⅣ.16-20FTTTT第四课时SectionB(1a～1e)01基础过关Ⅰ.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。take，recycle，own，napkin，shop1.________paperisareallyeasythingforeveryone.2.Thegirldoesn'thaveher________room.3.Shewent________withhersisterinthesupermarketyesterday.4.Mybrotheris________ashowerinthebathroomnow.5.Andifyouhavetocough，useyour________tocoveryourmouth.Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。6.“Stop________(talk)andlistentome，”theteachersaidtous.7.You'dbetterkeepthewindowopenwhen________(sleep)insummer.8.Shefeltsorryfor________(be)lateagain.9.Theoldmanusedto________(like)basketballwhenhewasyoung.10.Hehasbeenusedto________(live)alone.Ⅲ.单项选择。()11.Theword“cool”________youngpeoplesooftentheseyears.A.usesbyB.isusedbyC.isusedasD.isusedfor()12.Theshowerisstillon.Pleasegoto________.A.turnitoffB.turnthemoffC.turnoffitD.turnoffthem()13.Theyweretootired.Theydecidedtostop________arest.A.hadB.havingC.tohaveD.tohaving()14.Wefind________hardtodoajobverywell.A.thisB.thatC.itD.these()15.Zoosarelike________textbooksforyoungpeople.A.aliveB.liveC.livingD.tolive02能力提升Ⅳ.配对阅读。请仔细阅读第16－20题中五项有关环境的活动，从A－G中选出相应的活动名称，其中有两项为多余选项。()16.Inaforestorapark,lieonyourbackwithbothfists(拳头)heldupintheair.Everytimeyouhearthesongofabird,pleaseliftonefinger.Thisisawonderfulwaytobecomeawareofthesoundsofnature.Takedownhowmanycolorsyoucanseeinfrontofyouwithoutmoving.Youwillbesurprised.()17.Everyyearpeoplecutdownlotsoftreestomakepaper.However,paperfromhomes,offices,andschoolscanbecollected,senttospecialrecyclingcenters,andremadeintousablepaper.Thisprocesscantakeplaceoverandover.Thisway,wecanhelpsavetreesfrombeingcutdown.()18.Becreative.Findsomesticks,rocks,leavesandotherobjectsoutside.Trytostartbytapping(拍)sticksondifferentobjects.Seehowmanygoodsoundsyoucanmake.()19.Createapieceofartwith“junk”！Havea“JunkArt”displayaftereveryonehasbroughttheirstoschool.Whenstudentstaketheirpiecesofarthome,makesurethattheydonotthrowthemaway,butrecyclealltherecyclables.()20.Youcansuggestyourfriendsgivemoneyorotherthingstoyourfavoriteenvironmentalcharity(慈善团体)insteadofgivinggiftstoyou.Forexample,Emilyhelpstheplanetbyaskingherfriendstobringfoodandbabyclothestoaneighborhoodcenterinsteadofgivinghergiftsonherbirthday.A.Haveagreeneco－birthdayparty.B.SoundsandcolorsC.RecyclepaperD.Growmoretrees.E.MakemusicwithnatureF.RecycledartG.Recyclewater第四课时SectionB(1a～1e)Ⅰ.1.Recycling2.own3.shopping4.taking5.napkinⅡ.6.talking7.sleeping8.being9.like10.livingⅢ.11-15BACCCⅣ.16-20BCEFA第五课时SectionB(2a～2e)01基础过关Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示填写单词。1.Doyouknowwhothe________(总统)ofAmericais?2.Let'smeetatthe________(大门)oftheschool，shallwe?3.Manyartistsandpoetsdrawtheir________(灵感)fromnature.4.“Strikewhilethe________(铁)ishot”isapopularsaying.5.Thereisnosoftwaredevelopmentwithout________(创造力).Ⅱ.用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。pulldown，hearof，work，bottle，metal6.I'dlikesomechickenandtwo________ofbeer.7.Themanmakesmoneybyprinting________offamouswriters.8.Someofthetoysaremadeof________whileothersaremadeofwood.9.Thedangerousbuildingmust________atonce.10.I________him，butIdon'tknowhim.Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。11.我确信你给他们的这些钱将会被很好地使用。I'msurethatthemoneyyougavethemwillbe________________________________.12.墙上的油画被人放倒了。Thepaintingonthewallis________________________.13.把好的食物扔掉是一种浪费。Itisawasteto________________goodfood.14.我明天把这张CD还给你。Iwill________________theCDtoyoutomorrow.15.他们去年组建了这支乐队。They________________thebandlastyear.02能力提升Ⅳ.任务型阅读。Onefreshsunnyday，whileIwasswimminginthewater，Ifeltsomethingspecialgoingthroughmygills(鳃).Itwasadifferentkindofwater.Ialsofoundmanyofmyfriendsbecamesick.Someofthemweredying.IwasstartingtoworrybecauseIdidn'twanttogetsickordie.IwasalsothinkingaboutwhatIshoulddotosavemyfriends，soIdecidedtodosomeresearchformyunderwaterlife.Myresearchstarted.Atfirst，Inoticedthereweremanybottles，cansandotherkindsofrubbishinthewater.ThenIwenton…IgotcloserandthenItastedmanydifferentkindsofliquid(液体).(A)Tomysurprise，Inoticedamanpouringsomeliquidintothewater.Othersalsosawhimdoingsoandtheydecidedtofollowhim.Ihatedit!IwishIcouldhavetoldthemthatitwaskillingus!Ithinkitissostupidforpeopletodothistotheearththattheyarelivingon!Ican'tunderstand(B)theyaredoingthis.Humansshouldstopthrowingwasteintothelakesorrivers.Iwanttohaveanormallifewithmyfriends.Peopleshouldstopbeingsoselfishandcareabouttheenvironment.Iftheydothat，everyonewillbefineandwillhavenothingtoworryabout.Isuggesttheyfollowmywords.Ifso，Ibelieveeveryonewillbeabletoliveahappylife.根据短文内容，完成下列任务。任务一:完成下列句子。16.Someofthewriter'sfriendsweredyingbecauseof________________.任务二:把A处画线句子译为汉语。17.________________________________________________________________________任务三:在B处横线上填上一个恰当的词。18.________________任务四:回答下列问题。19.Whatwastheweatherlike?________________________________________________________________________20.Whatshouldpeopledoaccordingtotheparagraph?________________________________________________________________________名校讲坛outof的用法outof意为“由……制成(组成)”，相当于bemadeof/from，只不过outof带有“从中选出”之意，不一定是完全利用。第五课时SectionB(2a～2e)Ⅰ.1.president2.gate3.inspiration4.iron5.creativityⅡ.6.bottles7.works8.metal9.bepulleddown10.heardofⅢ.11.puttogooduse12.putupsidedown13.throwaway14.bringback15.setupⅣ.16.waterpollution17.令我惊讶的是，我注意到一个男的正在把液体倒入水里。18.why19.Itwasafreshsunnyday.20.Peopleshouldcareabouttheenvironment.单元重难点题组训练题组训练一cost，spend，take与payfor辨析Ⅰ.单项选择。()1.(咸宁中考)—Whatanicetablecomputer！Howmuchdidyou________onit?—It________me400dollars.A.take；paidB.cost；tookC.pay；spentD.spend；cost()2.(黄冈中考)—Grandpahaschangedalot.—Sohehas.Hespendsmoretimethanheusedto________gameswiththechildren.A.playB.playingC.playedD.plays()3.(六盘水中考)Lily________30yuanforthealbum.Itwasnotexpensive.A.paidB.costC.tookD.spentⅡ.同义句转换，每空一词。4.(黔西南中考)ShespendsanhourreadingEnglisheveryday.It________heranhourto________Englisheveryday.5.Thenewfridgecostme2，000yuan.I________2，000yuan________thenewfridge.题组训练二afford的用法Ⅰ.单项选择。()1.—Whatdoyouthinkofthe4Gmobilephone?—Ireallylikeit，butIcan't________it.A.refuseB.standC.payD.afford()2.Mr.Whiteisoutofwork.Hecan't________hisson'seducation.A.buyB.takeC.affordD.pay()3.Manypeoplecan'tafford________thehouse.A.tobuyB.buyC.buyingD.boughtⅡ.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。4.他的父母负担不起他的学费。Hisparentscouldn't________________________________hiseducation.5.我抽不出一个小时去吃午饭。Ican't________anhour________lunch.题组训练三turnoff，turnon，turnup与turndown辨析Ⅰ.单项选择。()1.(扬州中考)—DoyouknowthelatestinformationaboutFlightMH370?—I'venoidea.Let's________theTVtowatchthenewsprogramme.A.turnonB.turndownC.turnupD.turnoff()2.(乐山中考)—Wouldyoubesokindasto________yourmusic?Iampreparingfortomorrow'sspeech.—Sure.Sorrytodisturbyou.A.turndownB.turnupC.turnonD.turnoff()3.(淄博中考)Bill，please________yourcomputerandgotosleep.It'stoolate.A.turnonB.turnoffC.turnupD.turndownⅡ.根据汉语提示完成句子，每空词数不限。4.Wouldyouplease________________(开大)theradio?Ican'thearitclearly.5.Mr.Black________________(打开)theTVassoonashegothome.题组训练四takepartin与join辨析Ⅰ.单项选择。()1.(青岛中考)—________ofvolunteerswillbeneededfor2014InternationalHorticultureExpositioninQingdao.—Let'sgoand________them.A.Thousands；joinB.Thousand；beamemberofC.Threethousand；takepartinD.Thousands；bein()2.He________thecompositioncontestandwonaprize.A.tookpartinB.tookoffC.tookoutD.tookcareof()3.—Isupposewe'llgotoplanttreesnextweek.—Terrific!Plantingtreesisalotoffun.I'dliketo________you.A.visitB.joinC.followD.meetⅡ.用takepartin和join的适当形式填空。4.He________theEnglishclublastterm.5.Whydidn'tyou________________Jim'spartyyesterday?单元重难点题组训练一、Ⅰ.1-3DBAⅡ.4.takes；read5.paid；for二、Ⅰ.1-3DCAⅡ.4.affordtopayfor5.afford；for三、Ⅰ.1-3AABⅡ.4.turnup5.turnedon四、Ⅰ.1-3AABⅡ.4.joined5.takepartin单元语法小专题(GrammarFocus)语法精讲一、情态动词的用法复习情态动词有can(could)，may(might)，must，haveto，shall(should)，will(would)，dare(dared)，need，oughtto等。情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。1.情态动词的一般用法(1)can，could①表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。此时可用beableto代替。can只有一般现在时和一般过去时；而beableto则有更多的时态。当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用beableto，不能用can。②表示请求和允许。此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could，might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。如:—CouldIcometoseeyoutomorrow？我明天可以来看你吗？—Yes，youcan./No，I'mafraidnot.是的，可以。/不，恐怕不行。③表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。(2)may，might①表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can't或mustn't，表示“不可以，禁止”。用“MayI…？”征询对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用“CanI…？”在口语中更常见。②用于祈使句，表示祝愿。如:Mayyousucceed！愿你成功！(3)must，haveto①表示必须、必要。在回答由must引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn't(禁止，不准)，而用needn't或don'thaveto(不必)。如:—Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday？我们今天必须交练习本吗？—Yes，youmust.(No，youdon'thaveto/youneedn't.)是的，你们必须今天交。(不，你们不一定要今天交。)②must是说话人的主观看法，而haveto则强调客观需要。must只有一般现在时，而haveto有更多的时态形式。如:IhadtoworkwhenIwasyourage.我像你这么大时，就必须工作了。(4)dare，need①dare作情态动词用时，常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，其过去式为dared。如:Hedaren'tspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd，darehe？他不敢在人群前说英语，是吗？②need作情态动词用时，常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must，haveto，oughtto，should代替。如:—NeedIfinishtheworktoday？我需要今天完成这个工作吗？—Yes，youmust./No，youneedn't.是的，必须今天完成。/不，不一定要今天完成。③dare和need作实义动词用时，有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。如:Hedoesn'tdare(to)answer.他不敢回答。Heneedstofinishhishomeworktoday.他今天要完成家庭作业。(5)shall，should①shall用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。Whatshallwedothisevening？今天晚上我们做什么？②shall用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如:Youshallfailifyoudon'tworkhard.如果你不努力就会失败。(警告)(6)will，would①表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。Will/Wouldyoupassmetheball，please？你能把那个球递给我吗？②表示意志、愿望和决心。如:Iwillneverdothatagain.我再不会那样做了。③would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去的习惯时比usedto正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。如:Duringthevacation，hewouldvisitmeeveryotherday.假期里，他每隔一天看我一次。(7)should，oughtto①should，oughtto表示“应该”，oughtto表示义务或责任，比should语气重。如:Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.我应该帮她，因为她陷入麻烦了。Yououghttotakecareofthebaby.你应该照顾这个宝宝。②表示劝告、建议和命令时should，oughtto可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。如:Youshould/oughttogotoclassrightaway.你应该马上去上课。ShouldIopenthewindow？我应该打开门吗？2.情态动词表推测(1)can表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度)，用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。如:Canthisbetrue？这可能是真的吗？Thiscan'tbedonebyhim.这不可能是他做的。Howcanthisbetrue？这怎么可能是真的？(2)may/might表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句)。might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。如:Yourmothermay/mightnotknowthetruth.你妈妈可能不知道真相。(3)must表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)。如:You'reTom'sgoodfriend，soyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.你是汤姆的好朋友，你一定知道他最喜欢什么。(4)should，oughtto(客观推测)，must(主观推测)。如:Hemustbehomebynow.他现在一定回家了。(断定他已到家)Heoughtto/shouldbehomebynow.他现在应该到家了。(按理应当，不太肯定)二、usedto“闯三关”1.用法关usedto后接动词原形，表示过去经常性或持续性的动作或状态，意为“过去常常”。如:Iusedtogetupveryearly.我过去常常很早起床。WhenIwasyoung，itusedtobeverycoldinwinter.我小的时候，冬天经常很冷。2.句式关其否定形式为“didn'tusetodosth.”或“usedn'ttodosth.”；一般疑问形式为“Usedsb.todosth.？”或“Didsb.usetodosth.？”；附加疑问句式为“use(d)n'tsb.”或“didn'tsb.”。3.辨异关be/getusedto后面接名词或动词－ing形式时，表示“习惯于做某事”，其中to为介词；beusedto后面接动词原形时，表示“被用来做某事”。其中to是不定式符号。如:I'musedtowalkingtoschoolnow.我现在习惯步行去学校。Thecomputerisusedtostoreinformation.这台电脑被用来储存信息。语法精练Ⅰ.用can，may，must，need，haveto的适当形式填空。1.You________returnthebooktothelibraryontime.2.I________(not)findthewaytothehospital.________youshowmetheway?3.—________Ifinishtheworkrightnow?—No，you________(not).You________doitlater.4.Hesaidhe________(not)cometonight.5.Hermotherwasill.She________stayathomeandlookafterher.6.It'stimeforclass.You________stopplayingfootballoryou________belateforclass.7.Thecloudislifting，soit________(not)bearainydaytomorrow.8.Thedeskisnotdirty.You________cleanit.9.—WhatisyourmothergoingtodothisSaturday?—I'mnotsure.She________gotoseemygrandmother.10.Ifthetrafficlightisred，you________crosstheroad.It'sdangerous.Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。11.Wedon'tneed________(work)today.12.Hedoesn'tdare________(break)hispromise.13.Somestudentsareusedto________(ask)theirparentsforhelpwhentheymeettrouble.14.Thereused________(be)aquietvillagehere.15.Ithinkyouwillbeusedto________(live)inthecountryside.16.Allofusknowthatcottoncanbeused________(make)cloth.17.Youused________(go)toschoolbybike，didn'tyou?Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空词数不限。18.这本书一定是汤姆的，他的名字在封面上。Thisbook________________Tom's.Hisnameisonthecover.19.他被一个5岁的小男孩愚弄了，这可能是真的吗？________________truethathewasfooledbyafive－year－oldboy?20.你的车需要维修了。Yourcar________________________.21.这种小刀是用来切东西的。Thiskindofknife________________things.22.当我年轻的时候，我常常打篮球。I________________basketballwhenIwasyoung.23.他过去常花很多时间玩电脑游戏吗？________________________muchtimeplayingcomputergames?单元语法小专题(GrammarFocus)Ⅰ.1.must2.can't；Could3.Must；needn't；may4.couldn't5.hadto6．must；may7.can't8.needn't9.may/might10.mustn'tⅡ.11.towork12.tobreak13.asking14.tobe15.living16.tomake17.togoⅢ.18.mustbe19.Canitbe20.needsmending/needstoberepaired21.isusedtocut22.usedtoplay23.Didheusetospend/Usedhetospend单元写作小专题&SectionB(3a～3b)【单元写作目标】能描述地球的环境问题、原因及解决问题的建议。1.能用“usedto，atpresent，however”等词来描述当今的环境变化；2.能用“Ithinkweshould…/Isuggestthat…/We'dbetter…/Wecould…/It'sagoodideato…”等句型来提出解决环境问题的建议。一、语言积累(一)Environmentalproblemsandreasons:根据句意及汉语提示完成下列句子。1.Theriverusedtobeclean，butnowthe________(底部)oftheriveris________(充满着)of________(垃圾).2.Peopleare________(乱扔)rubbishintheriverandfactoriesare________(倒入)wastewaterintotheriver.That'swhytheriverbecomesdirtieranddirtier.Asaresult，thereisnomorefishfor________(渔民)tocatch.3.Alotof________(工业的)wastewatercomesfromthefactories.4.Peopleusealargenumberof________(塑料)bagseveryday.Peopleare________(扔)thosebagseverywhere.Thisturnsthebeautifulcitiesinto________(丑陋的)ones.What'sworse，theyalsopollutetheearth.5.Thefactoriesthatburn___