2023届高考英语二轮拔高复习训练：阅读理解说明文(二)

2023年新高考英语二轮拔高班复习卷

阅读理解训练题型：说明文题组训练（二）

姓名：班级：学校：错题号：

（2022春•江苏南通•高二统考期末）YoumayhaverecentlyseenavideofromtheBeijingWildlifeZoobecomingahit.Whatexactlywassointerestingaboutthisvideo?Itshows

adogplayingwithbigcatsfourtofivetimesitssize!Manypeoplemightwonderifthisdoghasadeathwish,butitseemsthatthedogandthebigcatsaregoodfriends.

Thedogwasactuallyraisedalongsidethelionandtigercubs,makingupanoddbutlovingfamily,accordingtozooofficials.Asopposedtothecommonbeliefcross-species

friendshiphasbeenaroundforcenturies.Peoplehavedomesticatedmanyanimals,mostnotablycatsanddogs,andformedbondswiththemaspets.Perhapsyouevenhavea

petyourself.

Therearemanyotherinstancesofcross-speciesfriendships.

AtananimalsanctuaryinSantiago,Chile,ajaguarnamedMarinaandadeernamedLauraformedafriendshipaftertheybothcametothepark.Asneitheranimalhada

mother;sanctuarystaffsaidtheyinstantlybondedwhentheymet.LaurahadbeenrescuedfromaslaughterhousewhileMarinahadbeenrescuedfromthestreet.

Onepossibleexplanationforthesefriendshipsistheenvironmentofthezoo.Animalsdonzthuntfortheirfoodanddonztneedtoworryaboutmarkingtheirterritoryor

lookingformatesinthewayananimalinthewildwould.nAIIthoseactivitiestaketimeandenergy,andiftheseneedsareremoved,theanimalsgetbored,z,GordonBurghardt,

apsychologistattheUniversityofTenessee,US,toldTheAtlanticmagazine."Inthisparticularsituation,theanimaKsmotivationtoengagesociallyandplayfullymaybehigher

initsneedhierarchy（等级）thaneating.”

MarcBekoff,formerbiologyprofessorattheUniversityofColorado,US,toldSlatemagazine,"Ithinkthechoicesanimalsmakeincross-speciesrelationshipsarethesameas

they'dmakeinsame-speciesrelationships.Somedogsdonztlikeeveryotherdog.Animalsareveryselectiveabouttheotherindividualswhotheyletintotheirlives.”

1.Whatisthecommonopinionaboutthefriendshipbetweenanimals?

A.It'seasierfordogsandcatstobecomefriends.

B.Animalstendtoplaywithpeersofthesamespecies.

C.Thefriendshipbetweenanimalsisnotsolidandreliable.

D.It'scommonthatanimalsofdifferentspeciescanbecomefriends.

2.WhyareMarinaandLauramentionedinparagraph4?

A.Topresentatruth.B.Toexplainaphenomenon.

C.Tointroducethetopic.D.Toprovideaproof.

3.Whatsthekeyfactoroftheanimals7friendshipinthezooaccordingtoGordonBurghardt?

A.Theexistingtradition.B.Theinfluencebymates.

C.Theanimalszinnersocialdrive.D.Theanimals1raisers'instruction.

4.Whatzsthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Toappealtopeopletotreasureanimals.

B.Toinformreadersofaspecialfriendship.

C.Todemonstratethehistoryofbringinguppets.

D.Tocomparefriendshipbetweencross-speciesandsame-species.

（2022秋•湖南•高三校联考阶段练习）Colorado;aplaceweusuallyassociatewithsnow-cappedmountainsandgreengrassymeadows,winterskiing,andkayakinginitsclear;

mirror-1ikelakes.Butdidyouknowthestateisalsohometoa30-square-milesanddune（沙丘）field?

NestledontheeasternedgeoftheSanLuisValley,andbesidetheSangredeCristoMountains,thisfantasticlandscapefeaturesdunesthatareupto750feethighandare

perfectforhiking,camping,andphotoopportunities.

ThetallestsanddunesinNorthAmericaaresituatedinthediverselandscapeofwetlands,forests,mountainouslakes,tundra,andgrasslands—providingapatchworkof

color.GreatSandDunesNationalParkandPreserveissounusualandunique,infact,thatitisaprotectedlandscapeundertheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature.

Thefourmaincomponentsofthesanddunesystemarethemountainwatershed,thedunefielditselfthesandsheet—aflatplotofsandwithlargegrains—andthe

sabkha-acoastalmudflatorsandflat.Theduneswereformedovertensofthousandsofyearsbysediments（沉积物）fromthesurroundingmountainsthatfilledthevalley.In

addition,asthelakesinthevalleyretreated,exposedsandwasblownbythewinds,resultingindunes.

Theparkwasoriginallylabelledaprotectedareabackin1932,byPresidentHoover;afterfearsofgoldminingorconcretemanufacturingalarmedresidentsofthenearby

AlamosaandMonteVistacities,whothenpetitionedCongressaskingforprotection.Theareawaseventuallyupgradedfromanationalmonumenttoanationalparkand

preservein2004.

Itcontainsamind-boggling1.2cubicmiles—or5billioncubicmeters—ofsand.Evidenceofhumanhabitation,however,datesbackto11,000years,withthefirsthistoric

peoplestoinhabittheregionbeingtheSouthernUteTribes.

Now,visitorshavenumerousactivitiestoenjoy—fromsandboardingandsandsleddingtofour-wheeldriving.Butthebestadventurecomesatnightfall;theadventurous

canbackpackoversanddunestopitchatentandenjoythestunningstarrynightskieswhenthesungoesdown.（Althoughbackpackerswillneedapermitandcanberequiredat

thevisitor1scenter.)Thepark'selevationat8.200ftandrurallocationmakesitafavoritewithdarkskystargazers,withparkofficialsofferingspecialastronomyprogramsfrom

MaytoSeptember.

Overnighterscanbaskinthestillsilence,indulgeinthisremote,isolatedregionofthecounty,andbesoothedtosleepbythewindwhistlingthroughthedunes.Ifyouwantto

campout,butbackcountryisn'tyourstyle,PinonFlatsCampgroundisnearbyandrunbytheNationalParkService,with44sitesthatarefirst-come,first-served,withafurther

44sitesthatcanbereserved.

Byday,touristscanhiketothesummitofStarDune,thetallestduneinthepark,whileCrestoneNeedle,ClevelandPeak,andMountHerardalsoofferchallengingelevation

climbs.

And,astheparkalsooffersspecialsandwheelchairs(it'srecommendedtoreserveoneinadvance),everyonecanenjoythisstunning,once-in-a-lifetimeexperienceinthe

sanddunesofColorado.

5.Dunescameintobeingduetothefactthat.

A.lakesinthevalleyswereblowndryduetotheclimatechangeinhistory

B.humanoverexploitationofresourcesdrainedthewaterinthevalley

C.thousandsofyearsofdepositsfrommountainsfilledthevalley

D.depositsfrommountainsandwindblowonthedrainedlakesplayedacommonrole

6.Theduneareawastitledasareservationin1932because.

A.PresidentHooverurgedpeopletohaveaplaceforhikingandcampingasarestoration

B.Thelocalsweredeeplyconcernedabouttheconsequencesofgoldminingontheenvironment

C.ResidentsofthenearbyAlamosaandMonteVistacitiesweretooobsessedwithgoldmining

D.PresidentHooverwantedtokeepthetallestdunesintheareaasaworldrecord

7.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A.thesandfieldfeaturesitsdunesthatareupto750feethigh,arecordintheworld

B.accordingtotheSouthernUteTribes,theirancestorshadalreadyinhabitedinthesanddunefield11,000yearsago

C.thepark'slocationandheightmakeituniqueforstargazerstoobservethenightskies

D.88sitesforcampingareavailablefortouristsinsanddunesarea,withadvancedreservationrequired

8.Whatzsthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.AFantasticPlaceforStargazersB.PresidentHoover*sDecision

C.CampingontheDunesD.ExploitationonDunes

（2022春•山东泰安•高二统考期中）Humanshavebeenlivingandworkingonthespacestationfor20years.Theirmealsarepackaged,thoughsometimesastronautsreceive

freshtreatsfromresupplymissions.Thelongerthatpackagedfoodisstored,themoreitlosesnutrientslikevitaminCandvitaminK.

Astronautshavesuccessfullygrown10differentcropsonthespacestationsince2015andhadthechancetosampleeachone.TheInternationalSpaceStationhostedaparty

forastronautsonFridayastheycelebratedtheharvestofthefirstChili（辣椒）growninspace.Thecrewfinallyhadachancetotastethepeppersafterinitiallykickingofftheplant

experimentonthespacestationinJuly.

PlantHabitat-04isoneofthemostcomplexplantexperimentsontheorbitinglaboratorytodatebecausepepperstakemuchlongertogrowthanthepreviousexperiment

plants.Aftergrowingforfourmonths,thepepperswereharvestedonFriday.

PeppersprovideagreatsourceofvitaminC,aswellasotherkeynutrients.Pepperplantsself-pollinate,sotheyareeasytogrow,andtheyareapick-and-eatcropthatdoesnz

thavetobecooked.Theyarealsosafetoeatraw.

Asideeffectoflifeinzerogravityisthatastronautsoftenlosesomeoftheirtasteandsmell,sospicyorwell-seasonedfoodsareafavorite.Addingfreshgreensorpeppersto

themenuallowsastronautstolivenuptheirregularmeals.Butgrowingandtendingtotheplantscanalsoproduceotherbenefits.

Astronautshavedescribedthejoyfromseeing-aswellassmellingandcaringfor—leafygreenplantsonthespacestationthatremindthemofEarth.

°Growingcolorfulvegetablesinspacecanhavelong-termbenefitsforphysicalandpsychologicalhealth/1saidMattRomeyn,principalinvestigatorfortheexperiment."We

arediscoveringthatgrowingplantsandvegetableswithcolorsandsmellshelpstoimproveastronauts'well-being.M

9.Whatdoesunderlined"kickingoff"inthe2ndparagraphmean?

A.Launch.B.Complete.C.QuitD.Announce.

10.WhatmakesPlantHabitat-04oneofthemostcomplexplantexperiments?

A.Thetechnology.B.Growingprocess.

C.Thevarietiesofplants.D.Growingtimerequired.

11.Whyarepeppersaddedtothemenuforastronauts?

A.Theyaredelicious.B.Theyrestoretheirappetite.

C.Theyhelpkilldiseases.D.Theyimprovetheirmemory.

12.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheFunintheSpaceLife

B.TheCommonGoalintheSpaceMission

C.TheFirstChiliPeppersGrowninSpace

D.AResearchFindingfromtheSpaceMission

（2022•山东•高三统考）Forchildren,Englishisarelativelystrangelanguage.IfchildrenaredirectlyallowedtolearnEnglishwithoutanyprelude（前奏），theywillbedifficultto

understandandhavenointerestinlearning.Booksareoneofthemainwaysforchildrentounderstandifchildrencandevelopagoodhabitofreading,theycanfurtherexpand

theirknowledge.Inaddition,intheprocessofreadingEnglishstories,childrencanlearnmanywordsandgrammarknowledgethatarenotintextbooks,andtheirEnglishlevel

canalsobeimproved.Nowtherearethreestoriestosharewithparents,sothatchildrencanseewhetheritishelpfulfortheirEnglishlearning.

Longlongago,severalpeoplehadajarofwineamongthemandallofthemwantedtodrinkitbyhimself,sotheysetarulethateveryonewoulddrawasnakeontheground

andthemanwhofinishedfirstwouldhavethewine.Onemanfinishedhissnakeverysoonandhewasabouttodrinkthewinewhenhesawtheotherswerestillbusydrawing,so

hedecidedtodrawthefeettothesnake.However,beforehecouldfinishthefeet,anothermanfinishedandgrabbedthejarfromhim,saying,“Whohaseverseenasnakewith

feet?"Thestoryof"Drawasnakeandaddfeettoit“tellsusgoingtoofarisasbadasnotgoingfarenough.

IntheWarringStatesPeriod,therewasamanintheStateofWeicalledGengLei.Onedayhesaidtotheking:"Icanshootdownbirdsbysimplypluckingmybowstring（弓

弦）."Whenthekingexpresseddoubt,GengLeipointedhisbowatawildgooseflyinginthesky,twangedthebowstringandthegoosefelltotheground.GengLeisaid,“This

goosebeenhurtinthepast.Hearingthetwangofthebowstringitassumedthatitwasdoomed.Soitsimplygaveuptryingtolive."Thisidiommeansthatifonehasbeen

frightenedinthepastone'swillmaybecomeparalysed（瘫痪的）inasimilarsituation.

Fivedynasties（五代）paintingtigerfamousthroughthecompanysincethechildhoodlikepainting,especiallylikepaintingatiger,butnothavingseenthetigerreally,always

paintedsickcats,thetiger,sohedecidedtoenterthemountains,visitthetiger,reallyexperienceduntoldhardshipswiththehelpofOrion1suncle,finallymetthetigerreally,

throughalotofsketchcopy,thepaintingtechniquesbyleapsandbounds,tiger1stigerlifelike,afewcanbespurious.Sincethen,andspentmostofhistimevisitedmanyfamous

mountainsandgreatrivers,seemorebirdsbeast,finallybecomeagenerationofmasters.

13.Whatisthepurposeofthisarticle?

A.Tellthreestories.B.GuideparentstohelpchildrenlearnEnglish.

C.Advertisestorybooks.D.Improvechildren1sEnglish.

14.WhycanGengLeishootdownbirdsbysimplypluckinghisbowstring?

A.Becauseofhissuperbskills.B.Becauseheknewthatthegoosewashurt.

C.Thegoosewasspeciallytrained.D.Becausethatwildgoosehasaspecialbreed.

15.Whatdothesethreestorieshaveincommon?

A.ThethreestoriesareallfromancientChineseclassicalfables.

B.Theauthorofthesethreestoriesisthesameperson.

C.Attheendofthethreestories,therearesomeprinciplesofbeingaman.

D.Theprotagonists（主人公）ofthesethreestorieshavetheirownexcellence.

16.Whatdoesthelaststorytellus?

A.Itiswrongtodotoomuchornotenough.

B.Don'twastetoomuchtimeonmeaninglessthings.

C.Practiceisthesolecriterionfortestingtruth.

D.Onlyafterpersonalexperiencecanwereallyunderstandanything.

（2022秋•甘肃兰州•高三兰州市第二中学高三二模）ComposerGeorgeLamhasalwayslikedwritingmusicinspiredbyplaces.

“TherearealltheseplacesinChinatownthatarebothhiddenandmeaningful"hesayssteppingoutofthewayofpassers-bywhileleadingatouroftheneighborhood."To

uncoversomeofthosehiddenthingsinacitywalkthatyoumightnotordinarilynotice-Iwondered,isthereapieceinthat?"

Itturnsoutthatthere1snotjustapiecebutawholeappLaminterviewedfiveChineseAmericansfromaroundthecountry;askingthemabouttheirexperiencesinChinatown:

plusquestionsabouttheirancestors,theirfamiliesandtheirmemories.Hethensettheanswerstomusictheinstrumentsdrawingattentiontoeachperson'sdistinctpatternof

speech.

LamcreatedtheappFamilyAssociation.Hecallsthepiece—thefreeapp—FamilyAssociation,aftertheimportantfolkgroupsthatlinethestreetsoftheneighborhood

Chinesefamilyassociationshavebeenabridgebetweennewimmigrantsandmoreestablishedonessincethelate1800s.InChinatownsacrossthecountrythey'reaplacetofind

resourcesoranapartment,talkbusinessorpolities,maybegetaCOVIDshotButthey1realsoaplacetosocializewithpeoplewhosharesimilarexperiences.

Fiveoftheneighborhood'