智能割草机器人的概述外文翻译

IntelligentplanttrimmingrobotOverviewofIntelligentLawnMowers:Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,urbanconstructioninvariouscountriesisgraduallydeepening,andthegreeningdegreeofurbanareasisalsoimproving.AlargenumberofpublicgreenSpacessuchasparklawn,footballfieldlawnandGOLFcourselawnneedtobemaintained.Amongallkindsoflawnmaintenanceoperations,turfmowingisthemostonerous,whichisnotonlyboring,butalsohighlyrepetitive,andusuallyrequiresalargeamountofmanpowerandmaterialresources.Inordertoreducethelaborintensityandcostoflawnmaintenance,Chinahasputforwardthestrategyoftransformingandupgradinglawnmachineryindustrywithmodernelectronictechnologyandintelligentcontroltechnologyinrecentyears,hopingtoreplacethetraditionallawnmowerwithintelligentintelligentlawnmowerrobotinthenearfuture.Intelligentlawnmowingrobotbelongstothefieldofciviloutdoormobilerobot.Fromtheperspectiveofsystemscience,itisacomprehensiverobotsystemthatintegratesenvironmentperception,pathdynamicplanninganddecision-making,behaviorcontrolandexecution,andotherfunctions.Thispaperintroducesastandardintelligentlawnmowerrobotsystem,whichusuallyconsistsoffourparts:perceptionsystem,controlsystem,movingmechanismandlawnmowerstructure.Thesensingsystemmonitorstheexternalenvironmentvariables,themovingmechanismandtheoperatingparametersofthemowerinrealtime,andsendstheresultstothecontrolsystem.Thecontrolsystemcomparestheobtaineddatawithitsowndatabase,andsendsoutcorrectioninstructionstothemovingmechanismandthelawnmoweraccordingtothepathplanning,soastoobtainstableoperation.Comparedwiththetraditionallawnmowingmachine,theintelligentlawnmowingrobothasthecharacteristicsofenvironmentalprotection,lowmanpowerconsumptionandhighsecurity.Researchoverviewofintelligentlawnmowerrobot:Abroadinthefieldofintelligentmowingrobotresearchanddevelopment,manyofthecompaniesdoalotofwork,hasbeenpartoftheproductlistedasRboomowerFrinediyMachinesdesigncompany,iscurrentlyoneofthemostsuccessfulintelligentmowingrobotproducts,adoptthethree-wheelcaragency,tworearwheelindependentdrive,frontwheelastheuniversalwheel,canrunonthebasisofacertainstrategyrepeatedbacktowithintherangesetinadvance,afterwhenitencountersobstaclesbyultrasonicsensorsandthensimpledetour,butitdoesnotguaranteeinadditiontotheobstaclesofarea.Thereisnoconceptofaglobalmapandnoconceptofwhethermowinganentirelawnhasbeencompleted.Thereareothersimilarproducts,eachwithitsownfeatures,suchasUzeehetti'sOear,adeluxeversionoftheA811Brigio,whichevenhasarainsensorthatautomaticallyhideswhenitrains.Auotmower,fromSweden'sEleetr-Ofux,ispoweredbybatteriesandcanalsobepoweredbysolarpower.BigmowfromBerlbooties,Belgium,hasexcellentpathalgorithm,largebladecoveragearea,highcoverage.Theresearchonlawnmowingrobotcarriedoutbyforeignscientificresearchinstitutionsmainlyfocusesonthedirectionofintelligentcontroltechnology,navigationtechnologyandpathplanningoflawnmowingrobot,whilethesystemdesignforlawnmowingrobotisrelativelyfew.TheUnitedStatespatentUS4919224usesabatterypowersupply,canstartatapredeterminedtime,withobstaclestoavoidtheftandautomaticchargingandotherfunctions,usingthreewiresfornavigation.Whenencounteredrain,wetlands,powershortageandotheroutsidethesituation,backtothegarage,thepatentusesultrasonictodetectobstacles,withshockdetectorandpasswordtopreventillegaluserstooperatethemachine;U.S.patentUS5204814adoptedtooptimizethenavigationtechnology,comprehensiveutilizationofstoragepathsandenvironmentalinformation,withoutmagneticcurrentofmetalwiresandburiedmetalconductoristhreewaystoguidethemovementofthemowingrobot,thepatentalsochoosetodotheinternalcombustionenginepower,cooperatewiththegeneratorandbatterypackisused,adoptsthedistributedcontrolmode.Theresearchonlawn-mowingrobotstartedlateinChina,andtherearefewresearchunitsinvolvedinthisfield,butsomeachievementshavebeenmade.ThemechanicalschoolofnanjinguniversityofscienceandtechnologydesignedMOROmobilemowingrobot,andsuccessfullydevelopedMORO.I,MORO.IIandothermodelsofmowingrobot.Nanjinguniversityofscienceandtechnologytothegeneraldesignofthemowingrobot,pathplanningandobstacleavoidance,positioningsystem,controlsystemandsoon,amorecomprehensivediscussionwascarriedouttheoreticallyandputsforwardthegeneralschemeofacheapandpractical,alsoaccordingtotherobotdynamicsequationisdeducedtheformulaforcalculationofdrivingmomentforthechoiceofmotor,controlsystemhardwarecircuitprovidesthecalculationbasisofmaincomponentsparameterslaidthefoundationforfurtherin-depthstudymowingrobot.ThemainnavigationequipmentofMOROmobilelawnmowerrobotisdrivewheelencoderandmagneticheadingsensor,whichcanautomaticallygeneratebeacon-freeboundarytorealizethewholeareacoveringwalking.Thevolumeoftherobotisabout80X51X40Cm³,theweightisabout50kg,thebladespeedisupto5000r/min,suitableforlargelawnmowingwork.Inaddition,NanjingUniversityofScienceandTechnologyalsointroducedthecutting-edgetechnologyinthefieldofroboticstothelawnmowerrobot,suchastheInternet-basedrobotcontroltechnologyandthekeytechnologyofsolarlawnmower.Differentfromotherwheeledmowingrobots,JiangsuUniversitydevelopedacrawlermowingrobot,whichhasthefunctionofGPSpositioningandnavigation.Itcanoperateefficientlyandatahighspeed,andissuitableforlargeareasofgrassland.Thisrobotiscomposedoftwoparts,onepartistheAS.RFrobotproducedbyGuangmaodacompany,theotherpartistheself-designedlawnmowerplatform.Inaddition,JiangsuUniversityalsoprovidesareasonablecuttingheightfordifferentlawns,whichprovidesanimportantbasisfortheresearchoflawn-mowingrobot.Thenecessityofresearchonintelligentlawnmowerrobot:Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,lawnindustryhasbecomeanewindustryinChina.Lawnhasbasicallybeenappliedinurbanlandscapingandsportsgroundconstruction.Thelawnindustrybeganaperiodofslow,steady,andgatheringstrength.Thatpromptedthelawnindustrybegantoexperienceatransformationprocessfromlabor-intensivetoknowledge-intensive,lawnmowingmaintenance,inparticular,urgentlyneedsamoreefficient,lowerconsumptionandenergyconsumptionandpersonnel'slawnmachineryandequipment,butautomaticallylawnmowerofforeignequipmentexpensivepricesandmonopolytechnologyrestrictedtheourcountrytopromoteprogressinautomationandintelligenceoflawnmachinery,somustdependonownstrengthresearchwithindependentintellectualpropertyrightsintelligentmowingrobot.Intoday'srapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,people'slivinglevelgraduallyimprove,someapplicationsinindustrialscienceandtechnologyisgraduallyoutofthefactory,thestudyofintelligentmowingrobotprovidesanewsubjectforthedevelopmentofservicerobots,alsoisakindofpracticalapplicationservicerobotstoattemptandexploration,and,moreimportantly,thedevelopmentoftheintelligentmowingrobotcanofferbeneficialreferencefortheprocessofindustrializationofhumanoidrobot.Inaddition,thestudyofintelligentmowingrobothascertainacademicvalue.Intelligentmowingrobotbelongstooutdoormobilerobot,anditwillworkintheopenunstructuredspacewhenmowinggrass.Howtorealizethemovementofrobotintheunstructuredspaceisanimportanttopicofrobotresearchtoday.Basedonthecharacteristicsofmowingwork,intelligentmowingrobotisalsoneededtocompletelycovertheentireworkingintervalinarelativelyidealway.Thereflectedregionfullpathplanningproblemisalsoaresearchhotspotofpathplanning.Inthemanufacturingprocessofintelligentgreenplantpruningrobot,ifthetechnologicalprocessmanagementofeachlinkisnotreasonableandscientific,itwillcausethesafeoperationproblemoftherobot.Theuseoftherobotintelligentsystemcaneffectivelymonitorthesafetyfactoroftherobotoperationinanall-roundway,findtheworkfault,facilitatetheequipmentmanagementandtechnicalpersonnelcancheckandrepairintime,andquicklyeliminatethehiddendangerofsafety.Inparticular,theuseofthelawnmowerhasbecomeanimportantguaranteefortheeffectiveworkingsafetyofmechanicalenergyandthepremiseforthesafeproductionofenterprises.Finally,theautomaticpathplanningfunctionoftheintelligentgreenplantpruningrobotcaneffectivelyimprovetheworkefficiency,graduallyimprovetheperformanceoftherobot,soastocontinuouslyimprovetherequirementsofthetargetequipment,andthenmeettheactualrequirements.Thisisalsotherobotintoproductionandqualityassurance,throughtheuseofrobotintelligentsystemscientificandreasonablerealization,constantlysummarizethedomesticrobotshortboard,researchmethodsandtechnology,andtheactualsituationofitsproductioncombined,toachievethemodernizationofthemanufacturingofintelligentrobots,andeffectivelyintotheactualuse.Ofcourse,theactualuseofrobotscausesnoiseandemissionpollution.Sothesetwothingshavetobetakenintoaccountintheprocessofmakingrobots.Saveenergyandrealizethesustainableuseofenergy;Reducenoiseanddonotaffectresidents'lives;Dischargepollution-free,protecttheenvironment.Tosumup,theresearchonintelligentlawnmowerrobothasimportantcommercialvalue,positivesocialvalueandcertainacademicvalue,whichcanreflectthedevelopmentlevelofautomationtechnologyandroboticsinChina.Therefore,itisverynecessarytocarryoutrelatedresearchworkonintelligentlawnmowerrobot.Selectionofdrivingschemeofintelligentmowerrobot:Lawnmowerrobotbelongstooutdoormobilerobot.Therearevariousdrivingschemesforthistypeofrobotforreference.Accordingtotheworkingcharacteristicsofoutdoormobilerobot,thedrivingschemeofautonomousmobilerobotplatformisdiscussedindetail.Therearemanykindsofoutdoormobilerobots,suchaswheeled,trackedandfoot.Wheelandcrawlerdrivingmodesaresuitableforrelativelysmoothroadsurfaces,whilefootdrivingmodesaresuitableforspecialandrelativelyharshenvironments.Somemobilerobotsmixthesedrivingmodesinordertoadapttovariousroadsurfaces.Themowingrobotgenerallyworksonthelawnwithgoodconditions.Combinedwithotherworkrequirements,themowingrobotmostlychoosesthewheel-drivenmode.Selectionofsensorparts:Inordertoworkautonomouslyinunknownortime-varyingenvironments,mobilerobotsshouldhavetheabilitytofeeltheoperatingenvironmentandplantheirownmovements.Mobilerobotobstacleavoidanceisthekeyproblemofhowtousesensorstoperceivetheenvironmentintheprocessofmovementandfixingtherobotsintheworkarea,anykindofsensorhasitsownadvantagesanddisadvantages,chooseneedtocarefullyconsidervariousfactors,sensorsystemintheoperationofthemobilerobot,themachineisneededformobilerobotintonearbytheexistenceofinformationaswellastheobstaclesanddistanceqrobots,robotnavigationrelatedpositioninformation.Theintelligentlawnmowingrobotworksintheopenoutdoorspace.Whenitperformsthelawnmowingtask,itneedstoobtaintheinformationoftheperipheralobstaclesandthepositionoftherobotitself.Thesensorsinvolvedincludethedistancesensorandthepositionsensor.Inaddition,becausetheintelligentmowingrobotisequippedwithahigh-speedrotatingblade,therelevantsensorsshouldbeselectedtoensureitssafety.Thecommonlyuseddistancesensorsofmobilerobotsincludeultrasonicsensors,infraredsensorsandlaserrangingsensors.Amongthem,thecostoflaserrangingsensorisrelativelyhigh,anditisnotsuitableforcivilservicerobotsystem,soitwillnotbeconsideredinthispaper.Ultrasonicsensorisasensordevelopedbyusingthereflectioncharacteristicsofultrasonicwave,theeffectivedetectionrangeis30cm-2m;Theinfraredsensorisaproximitysensor,andtheinfraredwavelengthemittedisaboutwithintherangeofseveralhundrednanometers.Itbelongstoshort-wavelengthelectromagnetic,andtheeffectivedetectionrangeisusuallylessthan30cm.Theintelligentlawn-mowingrobotneedstodetecttheobstaclesintheLCM-1.5moutsidethevehiclewhenitisrunning,soultrasonicsensorsorinfraredsensorscannotbeusedalone.Therefore,thispaperchoosesthecombinationofultrasonicsensorandinfraredsensortorealizetheobstacledistancedetectionoftheintelligentlawn-mowingrobot.Inaddition,theintelligentlawn-mowingrobotworksintheoutdoorenvironmentwherethetemperaturechangesgreatly,andthemeasurementresultsoftheultrasonicsensorwillbesubjecttotemperaturechangesanddeviationsfromtheactualvalue.Therefore,inordertoobtainaccurateandstabledatacollection,aseparatetemperaturesensorisrequiredtocollecttheambienttemperaturetocorrecttheerrorsgenerated.Whentheintelligentmowingrobotruns,theinternalmowingbladewillrotateatahighspeed,whichwillcausepotentialharmtopeopleandanimals.Specialattentionshouldbepaidtosafetyissues,sotheintelligentmowingrobotinthispaperalsousescontactsensorsandhumanbodythermalreleasesensors.Thecontactsensorbelongstothetactilesensor,whichissetaroundtherobotintheformofarray.Whentherobotcollideswiththeobjectaccidentally,itisusedtogeneratetheinterruptsignal.Humanthermalreleasesensorisasensorthatdetectstheinfraredradiationemittedbyhumanoranimalbodyandoutputselectricalsignals.Whentheintelligentmowingrobotisworking,ifsomeoneoranimalentersthesetsaferange,itwillissuethecorrespondingalarmsignal.Designofcontrolsystemofintelligentmowingrobot:Thecontrolsystemofintelligentlawnmowingrobotisanimportantpartofintelligentlawnmowingrobot,whichneedstocarryoutaseriesofdecisioncontroltotherobot,anditevendecidestheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftherobot'sperformancetoacertainextent.Therefore,thechipselection,controlstrategyandcommunicationmodeoftheintelligentlawnmowingrobotshouldbediscussedindetail,andthebestplanshouldbedecided.Advantagesofroboticlawnmowers:Robotlawnmowercanworkindependently,whetheritisamoretraditionalinternalcombustionengineaspowersystemofthelawnmowerisrelativelynewinlawnmowerbatteryasapowersystem,bothbecauseoftheirsimplestructureandtheprincipleofscienceandtechnologycontentislow,lowdegreeofautomation,mustbecontrolbypeople,comparedwiththeoriginalistoimprovetheefficiencyofacertainhumanwork,butnotcompletelytheliberationofhuman.Therobotmowerisautomaticallycontrolledbytheintelligentsystemandcanfinishthemowingoperationindependently,whichgreatlysaveshumanresources.Themainadvantagesofroboticlawnmowerscanbeanalyzedfromthefollowingpoints:Robotmowershavelittlepollution.Thetraditionalmowerswithinternalcombustionenginesasthepowersystemneedtoconsumeoil.Duetothecharacteristicsoftheequipment,theenergyconversionrateislow,resultinginalotofunnecessaryenergywaste.Inaddition,thetraditionallawnmowerproducesalotofnoisewhenworking,andthissoundpollutionwillcausegreatharmtothesurroundingenvironmentandhaveacertainnegativeimpactonthementalhealthofworkers.Therobotlawnmowerusescleanenergyanddoesnotrequiredirectcontactbetweenhumansandmachines,whichislessharmfultotheenvironmentandpeople.Robotmowerhashighefficiency,whichisdividedintotwoaspects:workingefficiencyandenergyutilizationefficiency.Thetraditionallawnmowerwithinternalcombustionengineasthepowersystemisheavy,inflexibleandeasilysubjecttoterrainrestrictions,resultinginlowworkingefficiency.Therelativelynewmowerswithbatteryaspowersystemarelimitedinpowerduetotheinfluenceofbatteryvolume,sotheymayneedtochargeformanytimesinoneoperation,whichwillactuallyreducetheworkingefficiency.Therobotmowerisequippedwithterraindetectorandsensor,whichcanautomaticallyanalyzetheterrainandadjustthebestworkingroutetomaintainhighefficiency.Andtherobotmowerhasbuilt-inautomaticreturnprogram,whentheenergyshortagewillautomaticallyreturntothebasetocharge,withoutmanualintervention.Robotlawnmowerhashighsafety.Traditionallawnmowersarehigh-powermachines.Ifafaultoccursduringwork,itiseasytocauseharmtoworkers.Thenewlawnmowercompletelyliberatesmanfromsuchdangeraswell.Alawnmowerrobotusuallyworksonadefinitesurface,whichrequirestherobottobeabletomoveindependentlytoeachsiteinthearea.Therefore,itisnecessarytosetuptheworkingrouteorthewayoftravelingintheworkingprocessfortherobot,suchasthespiralcontractionpathorthereturn-typemovementmode.Inaddition,aftertheworkinoneareaisfinished,thenavigationsystemisalsoneededtoguidetherobottomovetoanotherareatocontinueworking.Sometimes,duetosomeunexpectedorspecialreasons,itisnecessarytointerveneintheworkofthelawnmowerrobot,sothatitcanchangeitsworkingrangeorstopworking.Thisrequirestherobottobeabletoreceivethesignalssentbyhumanbeingsandmakecorrespondingresponsestothem.Therefore,itisnecessarytoplacearemotecontrolmoduleontherobottofacilitatehumancontrol.Becauseoftheprecisionofthesensor,therequirementsoftherobotmowerfortheworkingenvironmentwillbeincreasedcorrespondingly,otherwiseitmaycausedamagetothesensor.However,theworkingenvironmentoflawnmowersiscomplex,andsomeunstablefactorsintheenvironmentmayhaveadverseeffectsontheaccuracyofinformationcollection.Thecollectedinformationislargeandvulnerabletointerference.Thiswilleasilycausesomeuncertainerrorsintheprocessofinformationcollectionorprocessing,whichwillaffectthenormalworkofthelawn-mowingrobot.Thedevelopmentprospectofrobotlawnmower:Withthecharacteristicsofitsautomatedwork,lawn-mowingrobotcanliberatepeoplefromboringlabor,savealotofhumanresourcesfortheproductionandlifeofmodernsociety,meetthetrendandneedofsocialdevelopment,anditsadvantagesarenumerous,reflectingtheapplicationprospectofenough,soitsmarketmustbeveryextensive.However,duetotechnicallimitations,itisimmatureinmanyaspects.Therefore,therewillbea"lowpriceislow,highpriceisexcellent"situation,whichisaveryunfavorablefactorforitscompetitioninthemarket.Inthecurrentmarket,therelativelypoorperformanceofthetraditionallawnmowerwithitslowpricetooccupythedominantposition,butitslowefficiency,highenergyconsumption,unsafeshortcomingsarealsocriticizedbyusers.However,astheprocessofurbandevelopmentaccelerates,thedemandforgreeningincreases,sothesocialdemandforlawnmowerwillgraduallyincrease.However,thedisadvantageofseriouspollutionoftraditionallawnmoweriscontrarytotheoriginalintentionofgreeningconstruction.Therefore,itcanbejudgedthatthelawnmowerwithsmallpollutionandhighefficiencywillgraduallybefavored.Sotherobotlawnmoweriscurrentlyfacingthemainproblemishowtoimprovetheperformanceintechnology,andhowtoreducethecostinproductiontolowertheprice,soastoachievegreatercompetitivenessinthemarket.Forexample,differentmowingrobotscanbemadeaccordingtodifferentnatureofworktomeethigherprecisionrequirementsortoavoidunnecessarywasteofsomefunctions.Inthisway,thepriceofroboticmowerscanbereducedtoacertainextent.Robotlawnmowerisaverypromisingmarketproject,itcanbringgreatconveniencetopeople'slife.Butatthesametime,duetoitsadvancedtechnology,itisalsoadifficultprojecttoachievebreakthroughprogress.Therefore,inthisaspectoftheresearch,weneedtomakemoreeffortstoimproveitsshortcomings,toensurethatitcanreallybeputintoproductionapplication.智能割草机器人的概述:随着经济的发展，各国城市建设逐渐深化，城区的绿化程度也随之提高，大量的公园草坪、足球场草坪、GOLF球场草坪等公共绿地均需要进行维护。在各种草坪维护作业中，以草皮修剪工作最为繁重，不仅枯燥，而且重复性强，通常需要消耗大量的人力和物力。为了降低草坪维护作业的劳动强度和成本，近年来我国提出用现代电子技术和智能控制技术改造和提升草坪机械产业的战略，希望在不久的将来用智能的智能割草机器人取代传统的割草机。智能割草机器人属于民用户外移动机器人领域，从系统科学的角度来讲，它是集环境感知、路径动态规划与决策、行为控制与执行等多种功能于一体的综合机器人系统。智能割草机器人系统构成概述了一个标准的全智能割草机器人系统，它通常由感知系统、控制系统、移动机构和割草机构等四个部分组成。感知系统实时监测外界环境变量、移动机构及割草机构运行参数，并将结果输送到控制系统；控制系统将获得的数据与自身的数据库做比较，并参照路径规划对移动机构和割草机构发出修正指令，以获得稳定的运行情况。与传统的草坪修剪机械相比，智能割草机器人具有环保、人力消耗低和高安全性等特点。智能割草机器人的研究概况:在智能割草机器人的研发领域,国外的许多公司做了大量的工作,己有部分产品上市如FrinediyMachines公司设计的Rboomower，是目前最成功的智能割草机器人产品之一,采用三轮小车的机构，两个后轮独立驱动,前轮为万向轮,能以一定策略为基础反复迁回运行于事先设定好的范围内,当遇到障碍物后能通过超声波传感器检测然后简单绕行,但它不能保证除障碍物外的区域，缺乏全局地图的概念,对是否已完成整块草坪的割草任务也没有概念。除此以外还有其它类似的产品,各具特色,如意大利uzeehetti公司的osear其豪华版的A811brigio甚至还配备了雨水传感器,当下雨的时候能自动躲避；瑞典Eleetr—ofux公司的Auotmower,除动力采用电池外,还可利用太阳能供电；比利时Berlbooties公司的BigMow,具备优良的路径算法,刀片覆盖面积大,覆盖率较高。国外的科研机构对割草机器人展开的研究主要偏向割草机器人的智能控制技术，导航技术和路径规划等方向,而针对割草机器人的系统设计相对较少。美国专利US4919224采用了蓄电池供电,能在预定时间启动,具有避障防盗及自动充电等功能,采用三根导线来进行导航。当遇到下雨湿地及电源不足等以外情况时,返回车库,该专利采用超声波来探测障碍,用震荡探测器及密码来防止非法用户操作机器；美国专利US5204814采用了优化的导航技术,综合利用存储的路径及环境信息，无磁无电流的金属导线和埋在地下的金属导线三种方式来指导割草机器人的移动,该专利还选用了内燃机做动力,配合发电机及电池组使用,采用分布式控制方式。国内对于割草机器人的研究起步时间较晚，参与该领域的研究单位也比较少，但仍取得了一定的成果。南京理工大学机械学院设计了MORO型移动割草机器人，并成功开发出了MORO.I、MORO.II等若干型割草机器人样机。南京理工大学对割草机器人的总体设计、路径规划、避障、定位系统、控制系统等从理论上进行了较全面的讨论并提出了一种廉价实用的总体方案，还根据机器人动力学方程推导出驱动力矩的计算公式，为电机选择、控制系统硬件电路主要元器件参数选择提供了计算依据，为进一步深入研究割草机器人打下了基础。MORO型移动割草机器人的主要导航设备为驱动轮编码器和磁航向传感器，能自动生成无信标边界实现全区域覆盖行走。该机器人的体积约为80X51X40cm³，重约50kg，刀片的转速高达5000r/min，适用于大面积草坪的修剪工作。此外，南京理工大学还将机器人领域的前沿技术引用到割草机器人上来，如基于Internet的机器人控制技术和太阳能草坪割草机关键技术等。与其它轮式割草机器人不同，江苏大学研制了一种履带式割草机器人，具有GPS定位导航的功能，能高效高速地进行作业，适用于大面积的草场区域。此机器人由两部分组成，一部分为广茂达公司生产的AS.RF型机器人，另一部分为自行设计的割草机台。此外，江苏大学还针对不同的草坪给出了合理的切割高度，这为割草机器人的研究提供了重要的依据。智能割草机器人研究的必要性:随着经济的发展，草坪业已经成为了我国一种新兴的产业。草坪基本上已经在全国城市园林绿化、运动场建设中普及应用。草坪业开始了一个缓慢、平稳也是积蓄力量的发展时期。这促使草坪业开始经历一个由劳动密集型到知识密集型的转变过程，特别是草坪修剪维护工作，迫切需求一种效率更高，而人员消耗和能源消耗更低的草坪机械设备，但国外自动割草机器设备昂贵的价格和垄断的技术制约了我国在自动化和智能化草坪机械方面的推广进度，因此必须依靠自己的力量研究具有自主知识产权的智能割草机器人。在科技迅猛发展的今天，人们生活水平逐渐提高，一些应用于工业的科技正逐渐走出工厂，对智能割草机器人进行研究为服务机器人的发展提供了新的课题方向，也是服务机器人走向实际应用的一种尝试和探索，更重要的是，智能割草机器人的研制能为服务型机器人产业化的进程提供有利的参考。此外，对智能割草机器人进行研究还有一定的学术价值，智能割草机器人属于户外移动型机器人，在割草时它将工作在开放的非结构化空间内，而如何实现机器人在非结构化空间的移动正是现今机器人研究的重要课题。基于割草工作的特点，还需要智能割草机器人能以一种比较理想的方法完全覆盖整个工作区间，所反映的区域充满路径规划问题也是路径规划的研究热点。在智能绿植修剪机器人的制造过程中，如果每一个环节的工艺流程管理不合理科学，就将会引起机器人使用的安全操作问题。机器人智能系统的使用可以有效地对机器人操作的安全系数进行全方位监控，发现工作故障，便于设备管理技术人员可以及时检查和修复，迅速消除安全隐患。尤其割草机构的使用，已成为机械能有效工作安全性的重要保证，又是保证企业安全生产的前提。最后，智能绿植修剪机器人的自动规划路径功能，可以有效提高工作效率，逐步提高机器人性能，从而不断提高目标设备的要求，进而可以满足实际要求。这也是机器人投入生产和质量的保证，通过使用机器人智能系统科学合理的实现，不断总结国内机器人短板、研究方法和技术，和其投入生产的实际情况相结合，实现制造智能机器人的现代化，以及有效投入实际使用。当然，机器人的实际使用会造成噪声及排放污染现象。所以，在制造机器人的过程中必须把这两方面因素考虑在内。节约能源，实现能源可持续使用；降低噪声，不影响居民生活；排放无污染，保护环境。综上所述，智能割草机器人的研究有着重要的商业价值、积极的社会价值和一定的学术价值，能侧面地反映出我国自动化技术和机器人学的发展水平，因此开展对智能割草机器人相关研究工作是十分必要的。智能割草机器人本体驱动方案的选择:割草机器人属于户外移动型机器人，针对该类型的机器人有各种驱动方案可供参考。根据户外移动型机器人的工作特点，对自主移动机器人平台的驱动方案进行了详细的讨论。户外移动机器人的运动方式有轮式、履带式和足式等多种。轮式和履带式驱动方式适用于较平整路面，而足式驱动方式适用于特殊的、条件相对恶劣的环境，也有的移动机器人为了适应各种路面将这几种驱动方式混合使用。割草机器人一般工作在条件较好的草坪上，结合其他工作要求，割草机器人大多选用轮式驱动方式。传感器件的选择:移动机器人为了能在