Unit2HealthyLifestyle重点词汇详解语法重点句式知识清单-高中英语人教版选择性

新人教选择性必修三Unit2HealthyLifestyle重点词汇详解+语法+重点句式知识清单PartoneWordsandPhrases1.abusen.滥用；虐待；辱骂vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂abuseofsth滥用；妄用opentoabuse容易被滥用alcohol/drugabuse酗酒/嗜毒；ashowerofabuse一顿大骂abuseone'sauthority/power滥用权力abuseone'sprivileges滥用特权abusesb'sconfidence/trust辜负了某人的信任abusesb'skindness辜负了某人的一片好心→abusern.虐待者；滥用人士drugabuser瘾君子；吸毒者；滥用药物者2.dominatevt.&vi.支配；控制；占有优势dominateover...控制→dominationn.控制；统治3.cuen.提示；暗示；信号vt.给(某人)暗示(或提示)(right)oncue恰好在这时；就在这时候cuesbin提示/暗示某人4.rewardn.回报；奖励；报酬vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬asarewardfor...作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏inrewardfor...作为报答rewardsbforsth因某事而奖赏某人rewardsbwithsth用某物回报某人→rewardingadj.值得的；有益的；有意义的5.relyvi.依赖；依靠；信赖relyon...依赖；依靠；信赖relyondoingsth依靠做某事relyonsbtodosth依靠某人来做某事relyonsthtodosth依靠某物做某事→reliableadj.可信赖的；可依靠的6.examinevt.检查；审查；测验examinesb/sthforsth为某事检查某人/某物examinesbin/onsth在(某方面)考查/测验某人examineinto...检查/调查→examinationn.审查；调查；考查7.disciplinen.自制力；纪律；学科vt.自我控制；管教；处罚schooldiscipline校规disciplineinspection纪律检查disciplineoneselftodosth约束自己做某事→disciplinedadj.遵守纪律的；受过训练的bedisciplinedfor...因……而受处罚8posevt.&vi.组成；作曲；撰写beposedof...由……组成(或构成)的posefor...为……作曲9.shavevi.&vt.&n.剃(须发)；刮脸shaveoff剃掉；刮去shavesthoffsth从……剃掉；刮去……shaveup剃光10.skipvt.跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳n.蹦跳skipthrough跳读；浏览skipoff/out溜走；匆匆离开skipabout跳来跳去skipalong跳着往前走giveaskip跳过11.stimulatevt.激发；促进；刺激stimulateby...靠……来刺激stimulatesbtodosth刺激某人做某事stimulatesbintonewefforts激励某人作出新的努力→stimulationn.激励；兴奋(作用)12.refreshvt.使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新refreshoneselfwith以……醒脑提神；解乏refreshone'smemoryof唤起某人……的记忆→refreshmentn.(在公共活动场所供应或销售的)饮料，小食；食物和饮料；恢复活力；焕发精神13.absorbvt.吸引全部注意力；吸收beabsorbedin/with全神贯注于，专心致志于beabsorbedinto被……所吸收；被……所吞并absorbone'sattention吸引某人的注意“着迷”归纳①beaddictedto...对……上瘾②bekeenon...热衷于③becrazyabout...对……着迷④befascinatedwith/by...对……着迷14.makeupone'smind下定决心makeupone'smindtodosth下定决心做某事changeone'smind改变主意have/keep/bear...inmind将……记在心里minddoingsth介意做某事mindyourownbusiness少管闲事nevermind没关系ParttwoGrammar不定式作主语【观察例句】1．Tosayisonethingandtodoisanother.2．It'srudetoturnyourbacktoyourteacherandrefusetoanswer.3．Itisimpossibletolearnaforeignlanguagewithoutmakingpainstakingeffort.4．Itseemedapitytohavewastedsomuchtime.【归纳用法】1．把不定式置于句首。如：Togettherebybikewilltakeushalfanhour.骑自行车到那儿将花费我们半个小时。Tomakeaplanfirstisagoodidea.首先制定好计划是个好主意。2．用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如：(1)It＋be＋名词＋todoIt'sourdutytotakegoodcareoftheold.照顾好老人是我们的责任。(2)Ittakessb.＋sometime＋todoHowlongdidittakeyoutofinishthework?你花了多少时间来完成这项工作？(3)It＋be＋形容词＋forsb.＋todoItisdifficultforustofinishwritingthepositioninaquarterofanhour.我们难以在15分钟内完成这篇作文。(4)Itseems(appears)＋形容词＋todoItseemedimpossibletosavemoney.省钱似乎不可能。(5)It＋不定式结构可位于believe/consider/discover/expect/find/think和wonder之后Hethoughtitwouldbesafertogobytrain.他认为乘火车比较安全。(6)不定式的完成式也可作句子的主语Tohavemadethesamemistaketwicewasunforgivable.犯同样的错误两次是不可原谅的。Itisbettertohavelovedandlostthannevertohavelovedatall.爱过之后失去了爱，比从未爱过要好。3．不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。Smokingisprohibitedhere.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)Itisnotverygoodforyoutosmokesomuch.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)(2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验；不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。Climbingmountainsisinteresting.爬山很有趣。(经验)Tofinishthetaskwilltakealongtime.要完成这项任务将要花费很长时间。(具体)Partthreesentence重点句式1.句式:if条件从句的省略原句:Thesebadhabits,ifleftunchecked,couldleadtomoreseriousoneswhentheybeeadults.如果任其发展,在他们长大成人后,这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严重的有害习惯。2.句式:as引导的定语从句原句:AstheChinesephilosopherLaoziwrote,“Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep.”正如中国哲学家老子所说:“千里之行,始于足下。”3.句式:Therebe＋n.＋todo原句:Foryoungpeople,thereisplentyoftimetochangebadhabits.对年轻人来说,有大量的时间可以改变不良习惯。4.句式:either...or...或者/要么……或者/要么……原句:AfterIattendedyoursummercampabouthealthandlifestylechoices,IrealisedIhardlyeverfeltwell,eitherphysicallyormentally.参加了你们举办的有关健康和生活方式选择的夏令营之后,我意识到我几乎从来没有感觉好过,无论在身体上还是心理上。5.句式:so...that