新概念英语第三册笔记(1-20)

CONTENTSLesson01APumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮.......................................................................1Lesson02Thirteenequalsone十三等于一.......................................................................10Lesson03Anunknowngoddess无名女神........................................................................14Lesson04ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs阿尔弗雷德.布洛格斯的双重生活..............20Lesson05Thefacts确切数字............................................................................................25Lesson06Smash-and-grab砸橱窗抢劫............................................................................29Lesson07Mutilatedladies残钞鉴别组.............................................................................35Lesson08Afamousmonastery著名的修道院.................................................................39Lesson09Flyingcats飞猫.................................................................................................43Lesson10ThelossoftheTitanic“泰坦尼克”号的漂浮.................................................48Lesson11Notguilty无罪..................................................................................................54Lesson12Lifeonadesertisland.........................................................................................60Lesson13"It'sonlyme'“是我，别害怕”.....................................................................64Lesson14Anoblegangster贵族歹徒...............................................................................69Lesson15Fiftypenceworthoftrouble五十便士的麻烦..................................................75Lesson16Maryhadalittlelamb玛丽有一头羔羊...........................................................80Lesson17Thelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld世界上最长的吊桥........................84Lesson18Electriccurrentsinmodernart现代艺术的电流..............................................90Lesson19Averydearcat一条贵重的宝贝猫..................................................................96Lesson20Pioneerpilots飞行员的先驱..........................................................................101Lesson21DanielMendoza丹尼尔.门多萨.....................................................................105Lesson22Byheart熟记台词...........................................................................................110Lesson23Oneman'smeatisanotherman'spoison各有所爱.........................................116Lesson24Askeletoninthecupboard“家丑”................................................................123Lesson25TheCuttySark卡蒂萨克”号帆船................................................................130Lesson26Wanted:alargebiscuittin购大饼干筒...........................................................136Lesson27Nothingtosellandnothingtobuy不卖也不买..............................................142Lesson28Fivepoundstoodear五镑也太贵...................................................................148Lesson30Thedeathofaghost幽灵之死........................................................................161Lesson31Alovableeccentric可爱的怪人....................................................................167Lesson32ALostShip沉船之谜.....................................................................................173Lesson33Adaytoremember难忘的一天......................................................................178Lesson34Ahappydiscovery幸运的发现.......................................................................185Lesson35Justicewasdone伸张正义..............................................................................192Lesson36AChanceinaMillion百万之一的时机.........................................................197Lesson37TheWesthavenExpress开往威斯特海温的快车..........................................204Lesson38Thefirstcalendar第一本日历........................................................................211Lesson39Nothingtoworryabout不必担忧...................................................................215Lesson40Who'swho真假难辨.........................................................................................220Lesson41IllusionsofPastoralpeace宁静田园生活的遐想...........................................223Lesson42Flash无讲解......................................................................................................231Lesson43FullyInsured全保险.......................................................................................232Lesson44Speedandcomfort速度和舒适......................................................................242Lesson45Thepowerofthepress新闻报道的威力........................................................250Lesson47Toohighaprice代价是否太高.......................................................................255Lesson48Thesilentvillage沉默的村庄.........................................................................261Lesson49Theidealservant理想的仆人.........................................................................267Lesson50NewYearResolutions新年的决心.................................................................269Lesson51Flash无讲解......................................................................................................275Lesson52MudisMud实事求是.....................................................................................275Lesson53Inthepublicinterest为了公众的利益..........................................................285Lesson55Flash无讲解......................................................................................................301Lesson56Flash无讲解......................................................................................................301Lesson57Flash无讲解......................................................................................................301Lesson58Aspotofbother一点小麻烦〔记叙文〕.......................................................303Lesson59Collecting收藏................................................................................................305Lesson60Tooearlyandtoolate太早和太晚..................................................................309Lesson01APumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮Newwordsandexpression生词和短语学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的，要把单词放在语句中体会其应用学习关键句结构是那么要把它放在段落结构或文章里puman.美洲狮spotv.看出,发现=see,pickout,recognize,catchsightof强调结果,区分出,看见,识别,发现--Atallmaniseasytospotinthecrowd.--Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.同意词：--find：强调发现的结果/findout：查出事实真相--discover：做出重大发现/notice：注意到--observe：观察/watch：观察活动中的人或画面Spotn.斑点--Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.onthespot有两个含义：1>立刻,马上〔atonce,immediately〕--Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.2>attheplaceoftheaction在现场--Whereversheisneeded,sheisquicklyonthespot.Evidencen.证据〔不可数名词〕Evidentadj.明显的,显然的/evidentlyadv.明显地,显然Evidence=proof(n.证据)--Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalreadydestroyedtheevidence.inevidence显而易见的--Hewasinevidenceattheparty.Accumulatev.积累,积聚〔强调积累的过程〕--Astheevidenceaccumulates,expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.Gathervt.聚集,把某人召集在某处--TheteachergatheredhisstudentsintheclassCollectvt.搜集,采集--Doyoucollectstamps?Yes,Icollectstampsasmyhobby.〔n.业余爱好〕Assemblev.集合,集会/装配--Alargenumberofpeopleassembleonthesquare.Hoardvt.大量的储存〔--hoardup=storeup储藏〕--Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter〔squirreln.松鼠〕〔nutn.坚果〕amassvt.积聚〔主要用于诗歌和文学作品〕--ThecloudsamassedabovethehillsObligev.使…感到必须feelobligedtodosth感觉有必要做某事--Ifeelobligedtosaynotohisdemand〔n.要求,需要〕beobligedtodosth被迫做某事--Theywereobligedtoselltheircartopaytheirdebtsoff.〔debtn.债务〕huntv.n.追猎,寻找〔huntfor〕--TheexpertsfromLondonzoobegantohunt(v.)forapuma.--Thehunt(n.)forthepumaprovedthedifficult.〔provevt.证明,证实〕search搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物--Thepoliceweresearchingtheforestforthemissingboy.runafter强调追赶,追求--look,adogisrunningafteracat--whatareyourunafterinyourlifeseek=pursuev.追寻(理想)chasev.追赶〔--Theyarechasingathief/Theyarerunningafterathief〕blackberryn.黑莓/berryn.浆果humanbeing人类cornerv.使走投无路,使陷入困境作为动词,经常使用被动语态--Thethiefwascorneredatlast--Theproblemcorneredme.cornern.角落--atthecornerofthestreet--inthecorneroftheroom--onthecornerofthedeskTrailn.一串,一系列trailvt.跟踪,追踪〔=follow〕--Thepolicetrailedthecriminaltotheplacewherehewashiding〔criminaln.罪犯〕Printn.印痕Clingv.粘〔clung,clung,clinging〕--Sheisalwaysclingingtohermother.--Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed.他怀有成功的希望stickv.粘住〔--sticktheenvelop〕n.信封stickto坚持〔--sticktotheplan/sticktoone’spromise〕n.许诺stickyadj.粘的〔--stickyfingers〕convincev.使…信服--Iconvincehimofmyhonesty.〔n.老实,正直〕我使他相信我的老实。2>beconvincedthat…--Iamconvincedthatsheishonestgirl.〔adj.老实的,正直的〕somehowadv.不知怎么搞地,不知什么原因=bysomemeans,insomeway,forsomereasonunknown--I’llgetthebookbacksomehow.无论如何我要把这本书取回来。--Igotlostsomehow不知怎么搞地,我迷失了。Somewhatadv.稍微,有点,有些〔=alittle〕--ThepriceissomewhathigherthanIexpect.〔highadj.高的〕disturbv.令人不安disturbingadj.令人不安的/disturbedadj.感到不安的surprisingadj.令人惊讶的/surprisedadj.感到惊讶的excitingadj.令人冲动的/excitedadj.感到冲动的wildadj.野性的,野生的investigatev.调查,研究descriptionn.描写,描述extraordinarilyadv.特别地，非常地，格外similaradj.相似的,类似的attackvt.攻击difficultadj.困难的,艰难的difficultyn.困难,难点rabbitn.兔,野兔pawn.手掌,手爪furn.毛皮,毛,软毛bushn.矮树丛fullyadv.充分地,完全地collectorn.收藏家,征收者Text课文atlarge逃遁的,没有被控制的--Thethiefisstillatlargeatlarge详细地〔=indetail〕n.细节,详情--Ineedtalktoyouatlargeatlarge总体来讲〔=asawhole〕--ThestudentsatlargearehungryforEnglish.〔hungryadj.饥饿的,渴望的〕Wheremustthepumahavecomefrom?Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.在英文的表达方式中，首先呈现给读者的是结果〔和中文不同〕英文擅长用长句，中文擅长用短句。--Pandasarelargecat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAsia.〔pandan.熊猫〕cat-like猫一样的,偷偷摸摸的/dog-like狗一样的/life-like栩栩如生的WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词的后面，但为了保持句子平衡，也可以把谓语动词放到从句之前1>定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰--定语从句的引导词：--指人：主语who；宾语who,whom；定语whose--指物：that〔也可以指人〕/which--时间状语：when/地点状语：where/原因状语：why2>同位语从句那么是讲述被修饰名词的内容--同位语从句的引导词：--名词(做主语、宾语等)：关系词用that而不是which--时间：when；地点：where--定语从句中没有what这个关系词，但what可以引导同位语从句--Anideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.--Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim。theywerenottakenseriously〔they指代reports〕takesthseriously=dealwithsthseriously认真地对待某事--Ialwaystakeyoursuggestionsseriously.takesthlightly草率地对待某事〔lightlyadv.轻率地〕--Don’ttakethehotpotatolightly〔hotpotaton.棘手的问题〕However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfromtheZoofeltobligedtoinvestigate,forthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthepumawereextraordinarilysimilar.Howeveradv.然而(起转折作用)As连词：随着,当...之时过去分词做定语：--thedescriptionsgivenbypeople--thestorytoldbythesailor(n.海员,水手,船员)--abookwrittenbyLuxunclaimtohavedonesth声称曾经做过某事--Heclaimedtohavebeenthemanagerofthelargeshop.Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawomanpickingblackberriessaw'alargecat'onlyfiveyardsawayfromher.Whereawomanpicking…定语从句--IstillremembertheschoolwhereIstudiedEnglish.Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.Confirm=besure=becertain(confirmvt.确定)Unlessitiscornered=ifitisnotcornered(unlessconj.如果不,除非)--Hewillacceptthejobunlessthesalaryistoolow.Thesearchproveddifficult,forthepumawasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorningandatanotherplacetwentymilesawayintheevening.search=huntWhereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.把某物留在后面：leavebehind--Whereverhewent,thewoundleftbehindhimatrailofblood.〔n.血〕Pawprintswereseeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.英文表达方式习惯用被动语态,突出客观事实。而中文那么善于运用动作的执行者。pumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.〔被动〕Wefoundthepumafurclingingtobushes.〔主动〕--clingingtobushes是现在分词短语做宾补Severalpeoplecomplainedof"cat-likenoises'atnightandabusinessmanonafishingtripsawthepumaupaplainof/aboutsth抱怨某事on+名词：强调动作正在进行--ontherise在上升/ontheincrease在增加--onthewatch在观看/onthematch在比赛中--onthefishingtrip在钓鱼的途中/onholiday在度假Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,butwherehaditcomefrom?Fully〔adv.充分地,完全地〕=completely=entirelyAsnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisonemusthavebeeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.sthbeinthepossessionofsb=sthbeinsb'spossession某物归某人所有(主语是物)--Thebeautifulcarisinmypossession.=Thebeautifulcarisinthepossessionofme.Sbbeinpossessionofsth某人拥有某物(主语是人)--Iaminpossessionofthebeautifulcar.〔inpossessionof…做表语〕--Thepersoninpossessionofthebighouseisexcited.〔inpossessionof…做定语〕takepossessionof…拥有…Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,butthepumawasnotcaught.Wenton=lasted〔lastvi.继续,持续〕Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.Itisdisturbingtothinkthat...一想到…就心理不安ItisdisturbingtothinkthatIfailmyexaminationinthequietcountryside在宁静的山村Specialdifficulties难点ExercisesA1.at/for2.to3.to4.in5.onExercisesB1.Heisthemanwehaveheardaboutsomuch.2.Theshelfyouputthosebooksonhascollapsed.〔vi.倒塌,崩溃,瓦解〕3.Whomdidyoureceivealetterfrom?特殊疑问句中whom不能省略〔本句〕。定语从句中Which以及指代人的做宾语的Whom,在非正式用法当中可以省略。省略时，介词不能前置到关系代词Whom,Which前，只能用于非固定的动词短语后面。固定的动词短语lookfor：寻找〔去掉for后look没有寻找的意思，所以介词for不能前置〕非固定的动词短语lookat：注视livein：居住〔去掉in后live仍有居住的意思，所以介词in可以前置〕Thisistheoldhouseinwhichhelived.=Thisistheoldhousehelivedin.4.Thisistheroadwecameby?5.Whereisthepencilyouwereplayingwith?Multiplechoicequestions多项选择1…正确答案：Dincommonadv.共有〔替换了similar〕2…正确答案：BA〕只是一个具体的特定的事列，阅读理解题的时候要把握中心大意B〕largecatpersuadev.说服,劝说3…答案正确：C做理解题时要紧扣主题、紧扣中心大意文章最后一句话总结了大意句型结构题和词汇题是每课的关键4…答案正确：CMake的用法：makesomebodydo〔在主动语态中不定式的符号to应该省略〕bemadetodo〔被动语态中不定式的符号to必须补充完整〕--Theymadeherwaitforhours.Shewasmadetowaitforhours.5…答案正确：DA〕把say改成claim就对了〔--Peopleclaimedtohaveseenthepuma.〕D〕清楚的道明了动作发生的先后关系6…正确答案：B原句中的when引导的时间状语从句表示：－...就…〔assoonas〕被动：Onbeingobserved,itimmediatelyranaway.主动：Onobservingher,itimmediatelyranaway.Onseeingme,hewavedtome.7…正确答案：Dexcept可以和名词/名词性从句进行搭配〔也可是when/if引导的从句形式〕unless=if...not=exceptontheconditionthat…when=if--…exceptwhentheyarecornered.=…exceptiftheyarecornered.--Wheneveryoucome,youarewelcome.=Ifeveryoucome,youarewelcome.8…正确答案：DA〕mustbe只是对客观现实的推测，时态不一致--对于过去事实推测一定要用：情态动词+have+过去分词9…正确答案：Conmorethan=nothingmorethan=only/within=notmorethan10…正确答案：Binacorner偷偷摸摸地,暗中地,秘密地inatrap落于陷阱中atanangle不正的,倾斜的〔anglen.角,角度,角落,墙角,棱角〕undercover在遮蔽处,秘密地,暗中11...正确答案：Bfishesforpleasure钓鱼消遣travelforpleasure外出游玩readforpleasure阅读消遣12…onone'sownadv.单独地,独立地,主动地〔=alone〕forone'sownbenefit为了某人自己的利益Lesson02Thirteenequalsone十三等于一Newwordsandexpression生词和短语equalv.等于A等于BAequalsBEqualvt.与...相匹敌--Noneofuscanequalher,eitherinbeautyorasadancer.beequalto+名词〔equaladj.不相上下的〕--MaryisquiteequaltoJohninbrains.〔n.智力,脑髓〕玛丽可以和约翰在脑力上相匹敌。beequaltodoing：有能力,有力量来做某事〔to是介词〕--Iamequaltorunningthecompany.vicarn.牧师raisev.募集，筹〔款〕--raisemoney募集资金提高--raisetheprice提高物价饲养、供养--raiseahorse饲养一匹马种植--raisewheat种植小麦召集、招募--raiseanarmy招募一支军队〔armyn.陆军,军队〕提出、发出--raiseacheer发出欢呼声〔cheern.愉快,欢呼〕torchlightn.电筒光torchn.手电筒causen.事情churchn.教堂figuren.外形,轮廓,体形grocern.食品商人,杂货商人belln.钟,铃,钟声,钟形之物towern.塔,城堡Text课文Wasthevicarpleasedthattheclockwasstriking?Why?Ourvicarisalwaysraisingmoneyforonecauseoranother,buthehasnevermanagedtogetenoughmoneytohavethechurchclockrepaired.现在进行时和always等频度副词搭配时：表示说话人带有某种的情感色彩Tomisalwaysdoinghomework.汤姆总是做家庭作业，怎么也做不完。Tomalwaysdoeshishomework.汤姆总是做家庭作业，不拖欠作业。Heisalwaysmakingnoises.他总是吵吵闹闹，真烦人。oneoranother：表示这样或那样--foronereasonoranother处于这样或那样的原因--atonetimeoranother在这样或那样的时间--inonewayoranother用这样或那样的方法getenoughmoneytodosth募集足够的资金做某事--Ihavetogetenoughmoneytohavemyhouserepaired.1>找某人来做某事--havethechurchclockrepaired--havetheplanerepaired/--havehaircut2>某人所遭受到的意外某种情况〔主语必须是发出动作的人〕--Hiswalletwasstolen.Hehadhiswalletstolen.Thebigclockwhichusedtostrikethehoursdayandnightwasdamagedmanyyearsagoandhasbeensilenteversince.usedto：过去常常做，而现在不再发生的事情了。--Heusedtosmokeeveryday.Onenight,however,ourvicarwokeupwithastart:theclockwasstrikingthehours!However--在口语中,主要用于句首；在作文中,最好用在句中、句尾。要用逗号分隔开来--Hesaidthatitwasso,hewasmistaken,however.Hesaidthatitwasso,however,hewasmistaken.他说这件事就是如此，然而他弄错了。--Iknowhisstory,however,Iwouldn'tliketotellyou.Iknowhisstory,I,however,wouldn'tliketotellyou.However=Nevertheless(adv.conj.)=Nonetheless(adv.)Startn.vt.惊跳,惊起--Thenoisemadehimstarted(v.).--Whatastart(n.)yougiveme./--hestoodupwithastart(n.).Lookingathiswatch,hesawthatitwasoneo'clock,butthebellstruckthirteentimesbeforeitstopped.before：...才--Nearlyaweekpassedbeforeshecouldexplainwhathadhappenedtoher.Armedwithatorch,thevicarwentupintotheclocktowertoseewhatwasgoingon.Armedwithatorch...过去分词Lookingathiswatch…现在分词分词做状语/定语的时候，一定要注意它和逻辑主语要照应一致Inthetorchlight,hecaughtsightofafigurewhomheimmediatelyrecognizedasBillWilkins,ourlocalgrocer.inthetorchlight在手电筒光下/inthemoonlight在月光下inthesunshine在太阳光下/inthecandlelight在烛光下非正式用语中whom可以省略掉recognizedsomebodyas…认出某人是…regardsomebodyas认为某人是/thinkofsomebodyas认为某人是treatsomebodyas把某人对待为/haveonsomebodyas把某人尊敬为'WhateverareyoudoinguphereBill?'askedthevicarinsurprise.Whatever中的ever用来加强语气'I'mtryingtorepairthebell,'answeredBill.'I'vebeencomingupherenightafternightforweeksnow.Yousee,Iwashopingtogiveyouasurprise.'nightafternight一夜连着一夜dayafterday一天又一天/yearafteryear一年又一年weekafterweek一周又一周/busafterbus一辆车接着一辆车'Youcertainlydidgivemeasurprise!'saidthevicar.肯定句中常用do,did,does加强语气和情感色彩〔一定要位于动词原形之前〕--Youdolikenicetoday.你今天看上去确实很不错。--Idolikeyou.'You'veprobablywokenupeveryoneinthevillageaswell.aswell用在句尾相当于too,主要用于肯定句中,但比too所表达的语意更优秀。--Youlookedniceyesterdayandyoulookbeautifulaswelltoday.Still,I'mgladthebellisworkingagain.'still用于句首,用逗号分隔开来,表达一个转折的关系：虽然如此,但是‘That'sthetrouble,vicar,’answeredBill.'It'sworkingallright,butI'mafraidthatatoneo'clockitwillstrikethirteentimesandthere'snothingIcandoaboutit."ThereisnothingIcandoaboutit=Iamatalosewhattodo〔atalossadv.困惑〕‘We'llgetusedtothat,Bill,’saidthevicar."Thirteenisnotasgoodasone,butit'sbetterthannothing.Nowlet'sgodownstairsandhaveacupoftea.'getusedto/beusedto/beaccustomedto/getaccustomedto都表示习惯于get强调渐近的过程,be强调习惯了的状态Specialdifficulties难点in1>与表达惊奇、恐惧、失望或生气等感情色彩的名词搭配连用,在句中起状语作用。insurprise惊奇地/inastonishment惊愕的inalarm恐吓的/inembarrassment窘迫的inamazement极为惊讶/indespair绝望的indismay沮丧的/inanger恼火的/indisappointment失望的2>表示以、用。用于语言,书写材料,色彩或声音等方面。inEnglish/inpencil/inink/inoil用颜料/inred用红色/incode用代码insuchahighvoice用这么高的声音/inafewwords用几句话3>表示状态、情况或处境introuble/indifficulty在困境中/inbed在床上/inahurry匆忙的indebt负债/inlovewithsb爱上某人/intears流着泪ingoodorder有条不紊,整齐,情况正常/ingoodrepair维修良好ingoodhealth身体好/inpoorhealth身体坏inthebadmood情绪坏/inthegoodmood情绪好inhaste匆忙的/inafavorofexcitement欣喜假设狂inpoverty在贫穷中/inluxury奢侈的Exercise：veryquickly=inahurryeventually=intheend〔eventuallyadv.最后,终于〕beseen=insightwithapen=inink/withapencil=inpencilwhichtheyshare=incommon〔sharev.共享〕crying=intearsMultiplechoicequestions多项选择1...Dinorderadv.整齐,状况良好,适宜outoforderadv.次序颠倒,不整齐,状态不好〔=wasdamaged〕2...B3...C为…表示感谢：begratefulfor…/bethankfulfor…不辞辛劳地做某事：takethetroubletodosth.4...Binthepast是过去时态的标志；always用在实意动词之前5...Dstroken.击,敲,报时的钟声强调句式结构：Itwasnotuntil...that...—直到…才…--Itwasnotuntilmidnightthatsnowstopped.—直到半夜,雪才停了。6...B宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序7...CMendvt.修理,修补突出结果或者对现在的影响,用现在完成时。8...Agetusedtodoing表示习惯于〔to是介词〕9...Bfund基金；cash现金；scholarship奖学金；investment投资10...Arunashop经营商店11...Anightafternight=everynight12...Cstill1>adv.仍,仍然,还--Hecameyesterdayandheisstillhere.他昨天来的，现仍在此。still2>adv.(连接副词)尽管如此,依旧,仍然〔表达一种坚持的态度〕相当于inspiteofthat,eventhough,justthesame〕--It'sraining；Still,Imustgoout.--Thispictureisnottoovaluable；Still,Ilikeit.Yetconj.但是,然而〔表示一种转折的关系〕--Ihavefailed,yetIshalltryagain.Lesson03Anunknowngoddess无名女神Newwordsandexpression生词和短语goddess(tile)n.女神archaeologistn.考古学家Aegeanadj.爱琴海的Explorev.考察，勘探--Thearchaeologistsareexploringthecave.explorationn.探险/explorern.探险家promontoryn.海角prosperousadj.〔经济上〕繁荣的，兴盛的--ourfinanceisprosperous我们的经济非常的繁荣。〔Financen.财政,金融〕thrivingadj.兴盛的，兴旺的--thrivingbusinessboomingadj.蓬勃的，景气的--aboomingmarket繁荣的市场flourishingadj.繁茂的，健康的--Thoseplantsareflourishing.那些植物长得茂盛。civilizationn.文明/civilizevt.使开化,使文明--highlevelofcivilization高度文明storeyn.楼层〔story的变体〕drainagen.排_______水worshipn.v.祟拜/respectvt.尊敬,尊重/admirev.赞美,钦佩,羡慕--Whodoyouworshipintheworld?Warshipn.军舰,战船Sacredadj.宗教的,神圣的--sacredmusic圣乐/sacredpromise神圣的诺言Holyadj.神圣的,圣洁的--aholyperson.圣洁的人/aholyplace.神圣的地方Solemnadj.庄严的,庄重的--asolemnface严肃的面孔/asolemnceremony隆重的仪式Fragmentn.碎片Remainsn.遗物，遗迹，废墟Classicaladj.〔希腊和罗马〕古文化的〔即传统的〕；文科的,人文科学的--classicalmusic古典音乐/classicaleducation人文科学教育Classicadj.第一流的,标准的,著名的,典型的--Thisistheclassicexampleofloveatthefirstsight.Classicn.杰作,经典之作--Thatjoke'saclassic;itreallyisfunny."这个笑话确属一流,真是妙趣横生。"Reconstructv.修复〔Re--重新,再次〕Constructvt.构造,建造,组织〔通过装配或组合部件而构成〕--constructasentence/constructabrokenstatuary〔n.雕象〕--buildahouse造建筑物/putupatentconstructionn.建设,建造constructiveadj.有教育意义的constructorn.建造者,建设者erectvt.盖,使竖立,使直立〔buildhighbuildings〕--erectamonument建造纪念碑/erectaclocktower建造钟楼setup/establish/found建立--setupstudents'union学生会〔unionn.联盟,协会〕--establishaschool/establisharule设立一条规那么--foundacountry建立一个国家Restv.倚放,放置Hipn.屁股,臀部Hipn.[口]在服用兴奋剂、宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人；消息灵通人士；adj.通晓的，见闻广的--Maryisarealhip.玛丽是个爱赶时髦的人。--Theguyisn'tahip.这家伙什么都不懂。Joinedatthehip表示交情极厚的--Thesetwoarejoinedatthehip.shootfromthehip信口开河--Sorry,IsaidthatIshouldn'thaveshotfromthehip.full-lengthadj.〔裙衣〕拖地长的,全长的,全身的--afull-lengthdress拽地长裙full-grownadj.生长完全的,发育完全的fulltimen.专职,全部时间gracefuladj.优雅的--agracefulladyelegantadj.优雅的〔举止〕--anelegantgentleman.举止文雅的绅士identityn.身份ancientadj.远古的,旧的decoratevt.装饰；点缀clayn.粘土,泥土Romanadj.罗马的,罗马人的n.罗马人Romen.罗马(意大利首都)Indeedadv.真正地,(加强语气)确实Text课文Howdidthearchaeologistsknowthatthestatuewasagoddess?Sometimeago,aninterestingdiscoverywasmadebyarchaeologistsontheAegeanislandofKea.sometime1>经过假设干时间2>在未来的某时sometimeadv.在某一时候,曾经,有一天sometimesadv.不时,有时中文习惯用主动语态。英文习惯用被动语态。以事件、结果、影响、效果为主语，强调对客观事实的陈述。AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichstandsinanancientcityonthepromontoryofAyiaIrini.which引导定语从句，修饰限定temple。〔which=that〕stand(不及物)=lie(不及物)位于=situate(及物)使位于,使处于=locate(及物)使...坐落于,位于whichstandsin...=whichliesin…=whichislocatedin…=whichissituatedin...Stand1>身高2>表示高高坐落于,矗立于--Shestands1.75m.她身高1.75米--Agreattreestandsonthemount.一棵大树竖立在山上。Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous,foritenjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.for引导原因状语从句：对主句的附加说明和解释，提供更多的信息。because引导原因状语从句：强调原因。--Thedaybrokeforthebirdsweresinging.atonetime表达曾经,一度〔过去时态的标志,=once〕musthavebeen对过去事实肯定的推测enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization享有高度文明Houses--oftenthreestoreyshigh--werebuiltofstone.Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls.With…具有…--ayoungmanwithbroadshoulders/anoldladywithblackhairbeautifullydecorated过去分词做定语--abeautifullydressedlady衣着漂亮的女士--adesertedcarpark废弃的停车场--awhitepainteddoor被刷成白色的门现在分词做定语,被修饰词与修饰词之间为逻辑主动关系--aboyclimbingthetree正在爬树的男孩--thestudentsreadingintheroom正在房间里读书的学生Thecitywasequippedwithadrainagesystem,foragreatmanyclaypipeswerefoundbeneaththenarrowstreets.beequippedwith配备,装备〔equipvt.装备,配备〕airconditioning空气调节装置/airconditioner空气调节机,空调设备--Thecarwasequippedwithairconditioning.for引导原因状语从句在正下方：Beneath=under--beneaththenarrowstreets=underthenarrowstreets--Heisstandingunder/beneaththeumbrella.在进行中：只能用under--undercontrol控制之中/underdiscussion讨论之中/underrepairs修理之中below在下方〔强调在斜下方〕--SheissittingbelowthewindowThetemplewhichthearchaeologistsexploredwasusedasaplaceofworshipfromthefifteenthcenturyB.C.untilRomantimes.beusedas/beusedtobe把…用作为--Theboxwasusedasadeskinthesmallvillageschool.--Thewoodenboxwasusedasabookcase.beusedtodo被用来做…--ThewoodenboxisusedtocontainbooksInthemostsacredroomoftemple,clayfragmentsoffifteenstatueswerefound.Eachoftheserepresentedagoddessandhad,atonetime,beenpainted.representvt.代表--Irepresentalltheclassmates.ThebodyofonestatuewasfoundamongremainsdatingfromthefifteenthcenturyB.C.dating现在分词,修饰remainsdatefrom=datebackto〔开始于…,起始于…〕--Thecustomdatingfrom1990.〔customn.习惯,风俗〕--Thetraditiondatesfromthetimewhenhisgrandfatherwasyoung.--Thecastledatesfromthe14thcentury.=Thecastledatesbacktothe14thcentury.城堡建造于14世纪ItsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifthcenturyB.C.happento偶然,碰巧〔强调事情的偶然发生〕--Ihappentohavedriventhatkindofcar.我恰巧开过那种车。--Hehappenedtofindtheticketinhispocket.Ithappensthat+从句--IthappenedthatImetheronmywaytowork.=Ihappenedtomeetheronmywaywork.happenon碰巧碰上--Ihappenedonthisoldpictureinthebackofthedrawer.我偶然的在抽屉的反面发现了这张旧照片。--Guess,whodidIhappenonwhileIwasinLondonlastmonth?ThisheadmusthavebeenfoundinClassicaltimesandcarefullypreserved.Itwasveryoldandpreciouseventhen.Whenthearchae