高中英语必修1全套学案

必修一Unit1Friendship单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1.ignore/neglect/overlook2.cheat/fool3.calm/quiet/silent/still4.join/joinin/takepartin/attend词形变更1.ignorevt.忽视ignorancen.无知ignorantadj.无知的2.duskn.黄昏;傍晚duskyadj.昏暗的;黑暗的3.addv.

添加;增加addition

n.

加,附加additionaladj.

添加的;附加的重点单词1.upsetadj.不安的，担忧的；不适的vt.(upset,upset)2.concernv.担忧;涉及;关系到n.担忧，关注；（利害）关系3.settlevt.安家；定居；停留vt.使定居，安家；解决4.suffervt.&vi.遭遇；忍受；经验5.disagreevt.不同意重点词组addup合计gothrough经验；经受onpurpose有意getalongwith与某人相处；(工作的)进展inorderto为了……重点句子1.Motheraskedherif/whethershewasveryhotwithsomanyclotheson.2.Idon’tsetdownaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo…3.…itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI’dseenthenightfacetoface.重点语法干脆引语和间接引语（见语法部分）语言要点(模块)Ⅰ.词语辨析(旨在供应完形填空所需材料)1.ignore/neglect/overlook【说明】ignore通常指有意不顾，或不理睬自不待言的事物。neglect侧重指有意的忽视或忽视，也可指马虎与疏忽。overlook指因匆忙而疏忽或视而不见。【练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空eq\o\ac(○,1)Wecouldnotaffordto_________suchaseriousoffence.2).Heutterly________mywarningsandmetwithanaccident.3).Don’t________payinghimavisitnowandthen.答案: 1).overlooked 2).ignored 3).neglect2.cheat/fool【说明】cheat主要指盈利的买卖中或嬉戏竞赛中欺瞒人，骗取人的钱等。fool“愚弄”，指利用人缺乏常识，心理脆弱来欺瞒人。【练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Youmayget_________inthatshop.2).Hecan’t__________her.Sheseesthroughhimeverytime.答案: 1).cheated 2).fool3.calm/quiet/silent/still【说明】calm天气、水、水面（表一帆风顺）；（指人时）表示镇静自如。quiet表“安静”、“安静”、“安静”，侧重没有响声，没有噪音和没有动静。指人时侧重性格温柔，文雅。silent表“缄默”、“不发言”、“不说话”，常常表示人不爱说话，缄默无语。still“不动的”，指人时侧重纹丝不动，；指物时指完全没有声音，突出静止不动。【练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Pleasestand__________whileItakeyourphoto.2).Whydoyoukeep__________3).Everythingwas___________.4).Heremained___________inthefaceoftheenemy.答案:1).still 2).silent 3).quiet 4).calm4.join/joinin/takepartin/attend【说明】join 表示参与组织、党派、团体、军队、俱乐部等joinin 表示参与嬉戏、活动等；joinsb.(insth.)表（和某人一起）做某事takepartin表示参与、参与探讨、游行、竞赛、战斗、斗争、运动、庆祝等attend 主要指出席、参与会议、婚礼；听讲座、课、报告、音乐会等；上学、教堂【练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空1).CanI___________thegame2).Didyou____________thefighting3).He__________thearmylastyear.4).Alotofpeople__________herwedding.答案:1).joinin 2).takepartin 3).joined 4）attendedⅡ.词性变更（旨在供应语法填空所需材料）1.ignorevt.忽视ignorancen.无知ignorantadj.无知的2.duskn.黄昏;傍晚dusky.adj.昏暗的;黑暗的3.addv.

添加;增加addition

n.

加,附加additionaladj.

添加的;附加的【练习】用括号内所供应词的适当形式填空1) Ican't__________hisrudenessanylonger.(ignore)2)Tosayyouwere________oftherulesisnoexcuse.(ignore)3） Weareincomplete___________ofyourplans.(ignore)4） Thereis____________lightinsidethecave.(dusk) 5） Thestreetlightscomeonat____________andgooffatdawn.(dusk )6） Manywordshavebeen____________tothiseditionofthedictionary.(add)7) They'vejusthadan____________tothefamily.(add)8) Thereare_____________charges.(add)答案:1)ignore 2)ignorant 3)ignorance 4)dusky 5)dusk 6)added 7)addition 8)additionalⅢ.重点词汇（旨在供应综合运用所需材料）1.upsetadj.不安的，担忧的；不适的vt.(upset,upset)[典例]1).Ourarrangementsfortheweekendwereupsetbyhervisit.她一来把我们周末的支配给打乱了。2).Don'tupsetyourself--noharmhasbeendone.不要难受--并没有造成损害。3).Hewashorriblyupsetoverherillness.他为她的病而忧心忡忡。4).Thestudentsreallyupsether.学生们着实让她苦恼。[重点用法]beupsetby…被……打乱upsetoneselfaboutsth为某事苦恼[练习]用upset的适当形式填空1).Isit______you,dear2).Shefeltrather______onhearingthenews.3).Isitan______message4).Don’tbe______.ItwillbeOK.答案:1).upsetting 2).upset 3).upsetting 4).upset2.concernv.担忧;涉及;关系到n.担忧，关注；（利害）关系[典例]1).Thenewsconcernsyourbrother.这消息与你兄弟有关。2).Theboy'spoorhealthconcernedhisparents.那男孩健康状况不佳,使他的父母亲忧虑。3).That'snoconcernofmine.那不关我的事。[重点用法]as/sofaras…beconcerned关于；至于；就……而言beconcernedabout关切beconcernedat/oversth.为某事忧虑beconcernedinsth.牵涉到，与……有关，参与[练习]用concern的适当形式填空1).Thereisanarticlethat_______theriseoftheprices.2).Thechildrenarerather_____abouttheirmother’shealth.3).Officialsshould______themselves_______publicaffairs.答案:1).concerns2).concerned3).concern…with3.settlevt.安家；定居；停留vt.使定居，安家；解决[典例]1).Hesettledhischildinacornerofthecompartment.他把孩子安排在车厢的一个角落里。2).ThefamilyhassettledinCanada.这家人已定居加拿大。3).Bothwantedtosettletheirscores.双方都情愿捐弃前嫌。[重点用法]settledown镇静下来settlein在…定居[练习]中译英1).都十一点了，她安不下心来工作。__________________________________________________________________________________________2).题目这么难，谁能解决？__________________________________________________________________________________________答案:1).It’seleveno’clocknow,butshecannotsettletowork. 2).Sinceitissodifficult,whocansettlethisproblem4.suffervt.&vi.遭遇；忍受；经验[典例]1).Doyousufferfromheadaches你常头痛吗2).She'ssufferingfromlossofmemory.她患有遗忘症。[重点用法]sufferfrom/with/forsth感到难受﹑不适﹑哀痛等;受苦;吃苦头:[练习]中译英1).我们在金融危机中损失惨重。__________________________________________________________________________________________2).他的脚痛得不得了。__________________________________________________________________________________________答案:1).Wesufferedhugelossesinthefinancialcrisis.2).Hesuffersterriblywithhisfeet.5.disagreevt.不同意[典例]1).Evenfriendssometimesdisagreewitheachother.即便是挚友也有时看法不一。2).Wedisagreedonfutureplans.我们对将来的支配产生了分歧。[重点用法]disagreewithsb/whatsbsays/sb'sdecision不同意某人的观点[某人的话/某人的确定][练习]中译英1).罗马的报道与米兰的不符。__________________________________________________________________________________________2).他不同意让我早些回家。__________________________________________________________________________________________Key:1).ThereportsfromRomedisagreewiththosefromMilan.2).Hedisagreedtoletmegohomeearly.Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在供应综合运用所需材料）1.addup加起来[典例]1).Addupyourscoresandseehowmanypointsyoucanget.把你的得分加起来，看看你能得几分。2).Tom,whatdoten,twentyandfiveaddupto汤姆，10，20和5加起来是多少？[短语归纳]add(…)to….（把什么）加入…中addupto…加起来是[练习]用add的适当形式或构成的词组填空1).Willyou_____somemorestudentstothisproject2).Smallnumbers_____alargeone.3).50_______50equals100.答案:1).add2).addupto3).added2.gothrough经验；经受[典例]1).Thecountryhasgonethroughtoomanywars.这个国家经验了太多的斗争。2).She'sbeenthroughabadpatchrecently.她最近经验了一段困难时期。[短语归纳]goafter追求，追逐 goahead前进；请说（做）吧goby走过，（时间）过去 goalongwith向前，（与……）一起去goinfor爱好，从事 goout外出；（灯，火）熄灭goover越过；复习 goup爬上，（价格等）上升[练习]用go构成的词组填空1).Itiswisenotto____withthisplan.2).Prices______alittlenow.Peoplearehappy.3).Anyway,don’talways_______atnightbyyourself.4).Iamtired.Iwantto_____now.答案:1).goonwith2).goup3).gohome4).gotobed3.onpurpose有意，有目的地[典例]TheboybrokeJack’swindowonpurpose.HewantedtofrightenJack.那男孩是有意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想吓一下杰克。[短语归纳]dosth.onpurpose:有意做某事 onpurpose表示有意地、有企图、有目的地[练习]用purpose的相关词汇填空1).Hedidn’tdoit______.2).Whatwasyour____答案:1).onpurpose 2).purpose4.getalongwith与某人相处；(工作的)进展[典例]1).Heisnoteasy-going.It’sveryhardtogetalongwithhim他不是个随和的人，很难相处。2).Howareyougettingalongwithyourwork工作进展如何？[短语归纳]getalong/onwell/nicely/badlywith与……相处得好/不好，……进展顺当/不顺当getaway离开，逃离 getdown下来；写下，取下getdownto(doing)起先细致干…… getover克服，摆脱 getthrough通过，做完 gettogether聚集[练习]中译英1).你现在和同事相处得好不好__________________________________________________________________________________________2).她已重新获得从前那份工作。__________________________________________________________________________________________答案:1).Areyougettingalongwellwithyourcolleagues2).She'sgotheroldjobback.inorderto…为了……（可置于句首或句中）[典例]1).Shearrivedearlyinordertogetagoodseat.她到得很早,图的是得个好座位。2).Iagreedtohersuggestioninordernottoupsether.我同意她的建议是为了不让她难受。[短语归纳]inorderthat… 以便……（后跟句子） sothat…以便……（后跟句子）soasto为了……（只能置于句中，不能置于句首）[练习]中译英他早早动身好按时到达。她舍命干以便能到6点时把一切都打算好。答案:1．Heleftearlyinorderto/soasto/inorderthat/sothatheshould/would/mightarriveontime. 2.Inordertogeteverythingreadyby6o'clock,sheworkedhard.Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在供应句子结构等所需材料）1.Momaskedherif(whether)shewasveryhotwithsomanyclotheson.妈妈问她穿则多衣服是不是很热。[说明]with复合结构：with+宾语+v.–ing/v.–ed/todo/adj./adv./prep.phrases由“介词with+宾语+宾语补足语”构成的复合结构在句中通常作为状语，表示背景状况，为方式，缘由或条件等，另外，该结构也可以作为定语运用。下面简述几种状况：1)假如在该结构中的分词表示的动作是由前面的名词或代词发出的，构成主谓关系，该分词用现在分词形式。2)假如分词表示的动作与前面的名词或代词构成动宾关系，该分词用过去分词形式。3)宾语补足语也可以运用介词短语，形容词或副词来充当。[典例]1.with+宾语+副词，如：Thesquarelooksmorebeautifulwithallthelightson(=whileallthelightsareon).Withhisparentsaway(=Ashisparentsareaway),Tombecomesmorenaughty.2.with+宾语+介词短语，如：Theteachercameinwithabookinhishand(=whileabookwasinhishand).Thegirllookedupwithtearsinhereyes(=whiletearswereinhereyes).3.with+宾语+现在分词，如：Withsummercorning(=Assummeriscorning),theweatherisbecominghotterandhotter.Withtheteacherstandingbeside(=Astheteacherwasstandingbeside)，shefeltabituneasy.4.with+宾语+过去分词，如：Withtheworkdone(=Astheworkhadbeendone),shefeltgreatlyrelieved.Withhishaircut(=Ashishairhasbeencut),helooksmuchyounger.5.with+宾语+不定式，如：Withhertogowithus(=Asshewillgowithus),we'resuretohaveapleasantjourney.WithMrSmithtoteachthemEnglishnextterm（=AsMrSmithwillteachthemEnglish),theywillbegreatlyimprovedinspokenEnglish.[练习]中译英：1.那房子昨晚发生火灾，结果里面的东西都烧光了。__________________________________________________________________________________________2.下学期史密斯先生教他们英语，他们的口语会大有提高。__________________________________________________________________________________________3.随着冬天的到来，天气越来越冷。__________________________________________________________________________________________答案：1.Thehousecaughtabigfirelastnight,withnothingleftinit.2.WithMrSmithtoteachthemEnglishnextterm,theywillbegreatlyimprovedinspokenEnglish.3.Withwintercorning,theweatherisbecomingcolderandcolder.2.Idon’tsetdownaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo…我不情愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水帐……[说明]as引导的从句为比较状语从句，意为“像大多数人则做”。as用作连词，可引导下列状语从句：1).引导状语从句，强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语的同时性Ashegrewolderhelostinterestineverythingexceptgardening.随着他年纪越来越大，他失去了对全部事物的爱好，除了园艺。2).引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然，即使”（从句需倒装）Coldasitis,mybrotherwearsonlyashirt.尽管天气冷，我哥只穿了一件衬衫。3).引导方式状语从句，表示“以……方式”。Whydidn’tyoutakethemedicineasItoldyouto为什么你没有按我说的服这药？4).引导缘由状语从句(=since;because)，“由于，因为”。Asyouwerenotthere,Ileftamessage.因为当时你不在那，所以我给你留了便条。5)引导比较状语从句。Sheisastallasyou.她和你一样高。[练习]中译英1.随着年龄的增长我越来越对科学感爱好。__________________________________________________________________________________________2.由于雨下得很大，你最好穿上雨衣。__________________________________________________________________________________________3.他学习很努力，但考试还是没及格。__________________________________________________________________________________________答案：1.Aslgetolderlgetmoreinterestedinscience．2.Asitisraininghard，you'dbetterputonyourraincoat．3.Hardasheworked，hefailedintheexam．3.Itis/wasthe…timethat………第几次……[说明]that从句中的谓语动词一般用完成时态。1).Itisthefirsttimethathehasheardthissong.[练习]中译英这是他其次次来中国。2．这是我第一次举办画展。——————————————————————————————————————————————答案：1.ItisthesecondtimethathehascometoChina.2.ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadheldanartexhibition.课文要点(模块)Ⅰ.课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼法和主要词语等）依据课文内容完成下面语法填空，留意单词拼法和词语用法：AnneFrankisa1（犹太的）girlwholivedinNetherlandsduringtheWorldWarII.Herfamilyhadto2ortheywouldbecaughtbythe3（德国的)Nazis.Duringthetimeinthe4（隐匿的）place,Annesetdowna5（系列）offactsinadiary.Annemadeherdiaryherbestfriend6shecouldtelleverythingtoandinthediarysheshowedus7she8（经验）duringthewar.答案：1.Jewish 2.hide 3.German 4.hiding 5.series 6.whom 7.what 8.wentthrough/experiencedⅡ.课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的实力）阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。安妮，一个整日躲在家中的犹太女孩，在二战期间坚持写日记。她把日记作为最好的挚友；在日记中她实现了过上正常的生活的渴望。ThestoryisaboutAnne_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Anne,aJewishgirlhidingathomealldayround,keptadiaryduringtheWorldWarII.Sheregardedthediaryasherbestfriend,andinitsherevealedherdesireforanormallife.Ⅲ.课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培育对难句的理解和写作实力）1.【原句】Iwonderifit’sbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道这是不是因为我许久无法出门的原因，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事情都无比狂热。[仿照要点]句子结构：wonder＋if表语从句＋so…that从句【仿照1】我不知道是否因为我的卤莽使得史密夫先生对我这么生气。_______________________________________________________________________________答案：IwonderedifitwasbecauseIwassorudethatMrSmithwassoangrywithme.【仿照2】他在想是否因为她的挚友对她很关切所以她的心情才平复下来。_______________________________________________________________________________答案：Hewonderswhetheritisbecauseherfriendsaresoconcernedaboutherthatshehascalmedherselfdown.2．【原句】Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.(定语从句)我记得特别清晰，以前，湛蓝的天空，鸟儿的歌颂，月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里，这一切都变了。[仿照要点]句子结构：Itis/wasatimewhen…Thereis/wasatimewhen…This/Thatis/wasatimewhen…【仿照1】我还记得这对他来说是一个艰难的时期，他遭遇到了身心的打击。_______________________________________________________________________________答案：Icanwellrememberitwasahardtimewhenhesufferedalotphysicallyandmentally.【仿照2】在中国历史上,曾经有过一段时期中国激励与世界其他国家进行贸易。_______________________________________________________________________________答案：InChinesehistory,therewasatimewhenChinaencouragedtradewiththerestoftheworld.3.【原句】ItwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI’dseenthenightfacetoface.这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。[仿照要点]句子结构：Itis/wasthefirst(second…)timethatsb+现在完成时/过去完成时：这是某人第几次做某事【仿照1】这是我们第一次面对面地谈论到这件事情。_______________________________________________________________________________答案：Itisthefirsttimethatwehavetalkedaboutthisissuefacetoface.【仿照2】这是他其次次参与怎样解决这个问题的探讨。_______________________________________________________________________________答案：Itwasthesecondtimethathehadjoinedinthediscussionabouthowtodowiththeproblem.单元自测（模块）1完形填空阅读下面短文，驾驭其大意，然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。字数：215完成时间：15分钟难度：***Therecentmilkcrisisaroundthecountryhasseenliquidmilksoldbythreeleadingcompaniescontaminated(污染)withmelamine(三聚氰胺).Melamineisachemicalthatisusuallyusedtomakeplastics,butis1inthefoodindustry.Itwasputinthemilktomakemilkappearrichinproteinin2tests.TestsoflastThursdayshowedthatproductsfrom22ofthe109milkfoodfirmshave3thequalitytestsoftheGeneraladministrationofQualitysupervision,InspectionandQuarantine(国家质检总局).24ofthe1,202batches批次ofliquidmilkwerecontaminated.BesidesHebeibasedSanluGroup,thefirmswhoseproductsarecontaminatedincludesuch4giantsastheYiliandMengniugroups.Allthebadmilkwillbe5anddestroyed.However,scientistswerequotedassayingthecontaminationlevelinliquidmilkdidnotposeabigthreattopeople's6.Evenmilkwiththehighestconcentrationofmelamineis7fora60-kilogramorheavieradultifheorshedrinksupto2litersaday.Theadministrationhasorderedathoroughinvestigationintoallthefirmswith8andsaidqualitycontrolofficerswouldbesenttoall1,500dairyfarmsinthecountrytocarryout9.Sonexttimeyoubuymilk,takealookatits10name.1.A.banned B.encouraged C.added D.admitted2.A.quantity B.quality C.blood D.industry3.A.passed B.refused C.stood D.failed4.A.sports B.jewellery C.dairy D.medicine5.A.recalled B.transformedC.reevaluated D.replaced6.A.sight B.brain C.health D.intelligence7.A.helpful B.harmful C.safe D.normal8.A.crimes B.conclusions C.possibilities D.problems9.A.plans B.inspections C.promises D.orders10.A.brand B.pattern C.label D.edition答案1.A据下文“被三聚氰胺污染的牛奶在质量检查中是不合格的”可知三聚氰胺是禁止在食物中运用的。2.B明显这里是指质量检查。3.D据上下文及意境可知，这些奶制品在未能通过质检。4.C伊利、蒙牛公司是制奶业界的巨头。5.A全部问题牛奶将被回收（recall）和销毁。6.C这里是整体而言，对人们的健康不会构成威逼，而不是对人体的某个部位。7.C既然对人们的健康不会构成威逼，那就是平安了。8.D要检查的当然是有问题的牛奶了。9.B派出官员对牛奶场进行检查(inspections)。10.A下次买牛奶时,记得看一下所购买的品牌(brand)。2.语法填空阅读下面短文，依据句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或运用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。词数：165完成时间：9分钟难度：**LiuXiangwasthefirstAsian1(win)themen’s110mhurdlesattheOlympicsinAthens.2thathebecameanidoltotheyoungpeople.“IneverthoughtIwouldrununder13secondsandbreaktheOlympic3.”saidLiuXiangintears,“Iamveryexcited.I’mproudnotjustformyselfandforChinese4forAsia.Myracewent5(wonderful)fromstarttofinish.”Liuadded.“Itis6amazingexperiencebeingtheOlympicchampion.Iwanttothankmycoachandmyfriendsfor7theirhelp.IthinktodayweChinesehaveshowedtheworldwe8runasfastasanybodyelse.”SincehisreturnfromAthens,LiuXiang9(be)atthecenterofamediacircusandhehasbeentomanypressappearancesandmeetings.ButLiuthinks2004isjustthebeginning,andheexpectstobeathispeakinthe2008BeijingOlympics.Liusaid,“Forsomeplayers,it’sjustajob.Forme,it’s10Ilove.”[答案]本文主要介绍了著名运动员刘翔因夺得110米跨栏冠军而著名于世。1.towin不定式做后置定语。2.After刘翔夺得110米跨栏冠军之后，成了年轻人的偶像。3.record他打破了记录。4.but固定结构。5.wonderfully修饰动词应用副词。6.an用于元音前。7.all他想感谢他的教练和挚友们对他的帮助。8.can依据句意得知。9.hasbeen 从句中有since，主语往往用完成时态。10.what表语从句的引导词，作love的宾语。3.阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。词数：287完成时间：7分钟难度：***Americansarepoundoftheirvariety-andindividuality,yettheyloveandrespectfewthingsmorethanauniform.whetheritistheuniformofanelevatoroperatorortheuniformofafive-stargeneral.WhyareuniformssopopularintheUnitedStatesAmongtheargumentsforuniforms,oneofthefirstisthatintheeyesofmostpeopletheylookmoreprofessionalthancivilian(百姓的)clothes.Peoplehavebecomeconditionedtoexpectsuperiorqualityfromamanwhowearsauniform.Thetelevisionrepairmanwhowearsuniformtendstoinspiremoretrustthanonewhoappearsincivilianclothes.Faithintheskillofagaragemechanicisincreasedbyauniform.Whateasierwayisthereforanurse,apoliceman,abarber,orawaitertoloseprofessionalidentity(身份)thantostepoutofuniformUniformsalsohavemanypracticalbenefits.Theysaveonotherclothes.Theysaveonlaundrybills.Theyaretax-deductible(可减税的).Theyareoftenmorecomfortableandmoredurablethancivilianclothes.Primaryamongtheargumentsagainstuniformsistheirlackofvarietyandtheconsequentlossofindividualityexperiencedbypeoplewhomustwearthem.Thoughtherearemanytypesofuniforms,thewearerofanyparticulartypeisgenerallystuckwithit,withoutchange,untilretirement.Whenpeoplelookalike,theytendtothink,speak,andactsimilarly,onthejobatleast.Uniformsalsogiverisetosomepracticalproblems.Thoughtheyarelong-lasting,oftentheirinitialexpenseisgreaterthanthecostofcivilianclothes.Someuniformsarealsoexpensivetomaintain,requiringprofessionaldrycleaningratherthanthehomelaunderingpossiblewithmanytypesofcivilianclothes.1.ItissurprisingthatAmericanswhoworshipvarietyandindividuality___________.A.stilljudgeamanbyhisclothesB.holdtheuniforminsuchhighregardC.enjoyhavingaprofessionalidentityD.willrespectanelevatoroperatorasmuchasageneralinuniform2.Peopleareaccustomedtothinkingthatamaninuniform____________.A.suggestsqualityworkB.discardshissocialidentityC.appearstobemorepracticalD.lookssuperiortoapersonincivilianclothes3.Thechieffunctionofauniformisto___________.A.providepracticalbenefitstothewearerB.makethewearercatchthepubliceyeC.inspirethewearer'sconfidenceinhimselfD.providethewearerwithaprofessionalidentity4.Accordingtothepassage,peoplewearinguniforms_____________.A.areusuallyhelpfulB.havelittleornoindividualfreedomC.tendtolosetheirindividualityD.enjoygreaterpopularity5.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe____________.A.UniformsandSociety B.TheImportanceofWearingaUniform C.PracticalBenefitsofWearingaUniform D.AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofUniforms答案：文章第一段提出制服在美国受欢迎的现象，其次段说了一个主要论点——制服的好处，第三段说的是实际好处，第四段说的是反对的论点——制服的缺点，第五段说的是实际问题：1．答案是B．第一段第一句yet转折后面就是答案：Hold．．．inregard和respect是同义转换：2．答案是久答案对应在其次段，People．．．expectsuperiorquality．．.。认为穿制服的水平更高。D错在混淆了superior的目标，不是人，而是quality，所以不对：3．答案是D．在其次段最终，提到制服的主要功能是什么：A是实际的好处，而不是主要功能。4．答案是C，在第四段。制服的一个主要缺点。5．答案是n文章的主题是探讨了制服的优缺点。4.基础写作你是李萍，请依据下列表格的提示，你用英语写一篇短文，介绍我国2008北京奥运冠军张怡宁的基本状况。[写作内容]姓名张怡宁诞生年月1982年10月5日诞生地北京经历身高1.68米体重52kg1.6岁起先学习乒乓球。2.1999年的45届世乒赛显示非凡的实力，仅负于王楠，获得了亚军。3.2004的雅典奥运会上夺取了金牌，并在浙江萧山召开的国际世乒赛上又战胜了王楠，成为乒乓球领域的顶尖高手。4.2008届北京奥运会的金牌得主。[写作要求]1．只能运用5个句子表达全部内容；2．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。．[评分标准]句子结构精确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。[写作向导]1．时态：张怡宁过去参与竞赛的经验应当用一般过去时，对她现在的评论应用一般现在时。2．可用词汇与句型：the2004AthensO1ympicGames2004雅典奥运会，the45thTableTennisWorldChampionships45届世乒赛，thegoldmedal金牌。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案:IliketointroduceawomanPingpongplayertoyou.HernameisZhangYining,whowasborninBeijingandis1.68meterstallandweighs52kilos,andshebegantoplaytabletennisattheageofsix.In1999,shewonthesecondatthe45thTableTennisWorldChampionships,onlylosttoWangNanWhileinthe2004AthensOlympicGames,shewonthefirst.Moreovershewonthewomen'ssinglesattheITTFWorldCupinXiaoshan,Jiejiang,whereshebeatWangNan.Infact,shehasalreadybecomethetopofthetabletennisfield.Inthe2008BeijingOlympicGames,shebeatWangNanagainandgotthegoldmedal.Unit2Englisharoundtheworld一、语言要点单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1.voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour2.frequent/common/ordinary/general/regular3.especially/specially4.anumberof/thenumberof词形变更1.actualadj.实际的actuallyadv.事实上；事实上2.basen.基地；基础basev.以……为依据basicadj.基本的3.eastn.东方easternadj.东部的；东部的重点单词1.presentn.礼物adj.在场的；目前的vt.赠送2.commandn.&v.吩咐；指令；驾驭3.requestn.&v.恳求；要求4.recognizevt.分辨出；承认；公认5.straightadj.笔直的；正直的adv.干脆；挺直6.blockvt.堵塞；阻碍n.街区；木块；石块重点词组comeup走近；上来；提出makeuseof利用；运用suchas例如；像这种的playapart(in)扮演一个角色；参与becauseof因为；由于重点句子1.WhydoyouthinkpeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnEnglish2.状语从句中的省略重点语法干脆引语和间接引语（见语法部分）I词语辨析(旨在供应完形填空所需材料)1.voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour【说明】voyage:去国外或较远地方的海上旅行journey:指较远的从一地到另一地旅行travel:一系列的旅程，尤指旅行的概念trip:(短途)旅行tour:为了公务、消遣或教化参观多处名胜的旅行【练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Itistiringtotakealong_______bytrainfromParistoMoscow.2).The_________fromEnglandtoAustraliausedtotakeseveralmonths.3).We’llhavetimefora______toFrancenextweekend.4).Wewentonaguided______roundthecastle.答案: 1).journey2).voyage3).trip4).Tour2.frequent/common/ordinary/general/regular【说明】frequent常常的，时间或间歇很短的发生或出现common通常的、常发生的、广泛运用或众所周知的ordinary指种类一般且不能从其他中加以区分的，有时含贬义general一般性的，到处的；不限于领域、地区或应用 regular平常的；惯例的；习惯性的、通常的或正常的【练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Thisisa___________problem.2).Heoftenmakes___________errorsofjudgment.3)．Lookatthetrain’s___________schedule.4)．Theviolinistgaveavery___________performancemarkedbyanoccasionalmemorylapse.5)．Asa____________ruleIamhomebysix.答案: 1).common 2).frequent3).regular4).ordinary5).general3.especially/specially【说明】especially意思是“尤其，特殊”，表达事物的不寻常或特殊重要specially指为了某一目的，特地做某事【练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Ourcityisverybeautiful,___________inspring.我们城市很美丽，尤其在春天。2).Hecamehere___________toaskyouforhelp.他是专程来这里向你求助的。答案:1).especially2).specially4anumberof/thenumberof【说明】anumberof意思是“若干；很多”thenumberof意思是“……的数目”【练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Today___________peoplelearningChineseintheworldisraisingrapidly.2).____________booksinthemarketareinEnglish.答案:1).thenumberof 2).AnumberofII词性变更（旨在供应语法填空所需材料）1.actualadj.实际的actuallyadv.事实上；事实上2.basen.基地；基础basev.以……为依据basicadj.基本的3.eastn.东方easternadj.东部的；东部的【练习】用括号内所供应词的适当形式填空1)Whatdidhe_________say(actual)2)The__________costwasmuchhigherthanwehadexpected.(actual)3）Myknowledgeofphysicsispretty_________.(base)4）Sheusedherfamily'shistoryasa_________forhernovel.(base)5）Thisnovelis________onhistoricalfacts.(base)6）Heisinterestedin________customs.(determine)7)Thewindisblowingfromthe__________.(determine)答案:1)actually 2)actual 3)basic 4)base5)based 6)eastern 7)eastⅢ重点词汇（旨在供应综合运用所需材料）1.presentn.礼物adj.在场的；目前的vt.赠送[典例]1).Themountainbikeisabirthdaypresentfrommyparents.这辆山地自行车是父母给我的生日礼物。2).IamafraidIcan’thelpyouatpresent.唯恐现在我没法帮助你。3).Wereyoupresentwhenthedecisionwasannounced宣布那项确定时你在场吗？4).Inthepresentcase,Iadviseyoutowait.依据目前的状况，我建议你等等。5).MayIpresentmynewassistanttoyou请允许我向你介绍我的新助手。[重点用法]makesb.apresentofsth.将某物赠送给某人atpresent/atthepresenttime目前bepresentat出席present-dayattitudes/fashion现在的看法/流行款式presentsb.withsth=presentsth.tosb.把某物送给某人[练习]中译英1).全部（那些）在场者一眼就看出那个错误。__________________________________________________________________________________________2).这本书是哥哥赠送给我的。__________________________________________________________________________________________答案:1).Themistakewasobvioustoall(those)present.2).Thisbookwasapresentfrommybrother.2.commandn.&v.吩咐；指令；驾驭[典例]1).Theofficercommandedhissoldierstofire.那名军官吩咐士兵们开火。[重点用法]commandsb.todosth吩咐某人做某事beunderthecommandof由…指挥,由…限制beinc