2024届上海市部分区高三英语二模试题分类汇编：选词填空（含答案）

PAGE6PAGE2024届上海市部分区高三英语二模试题分类汇编选词填空2024届上海市崇明区高考二模英语试题SectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.activate B.amounted C.compared D.energetic E.guidelinesF.identifyG.image H.influenced I.respects J.review K.substantialExerciseCanHelpPreventDepression,StudyFindsHowoftendoyouexercise?Anew31fromresearchersattheUniversityofCambridgeshowsthatthosewhoexercisearelesslikelytodevelopdepression,eveniftheyexerciselessthantherecommendedamount.TheDepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesrecommendsthatadultsengagein2.5to5hoursofmoderateactivityperweekoronehourand15minutesto2.5hoursof32aerobic(有氧的)exerciseperweekorsomecombinationofthetwo.Adultswhotookawalkforwhat33to2.5hoursperweekwerelesslikelytodevelopdepressionthanthosewhodidn'texerciseatall,thestudyfound.Buteventhosewhoexercisedlessfeltbetterthanthosewhodidn'texerciseatall,accordingtoresearchers.“Inthisstudy,arelativelysmallamountofphysicalactivitywereassociatedwitha(n)34decreaseinrisksofdepression,"thestudysays.Theresearchersanalyzed15studieswithnearly200,000participants.Thosewhodidabouthalftherecommendedamountofphysicalactivityperweekhadan18%lowerriskofdepression35withadultswhodidnotexercise,thestudysays.Participantswhoexercisedtherecommendedamounthada25%lowerriskofdepressionthanthosewhodidnot.Exercisingmorethantherecommendedamounthardly36depressionrisk,accordingtoresearchers.Many37ofexercisecanleadtoimprovedmentalhealth.Forexample,workingoutcanincreasecirculation(血液循环)tothebrainand38thecentralnervoussystem,leadingtowhatmanyrefertoasa“runnershigh,”thestudysays.Moreexercisecanalsoleadtoimprovedphysicalhealthandabetterbody39whichcancauseapersontobemoresocial,researcherssay.Nearly5%ofadultsintheU.S.reportregularfeelingsofdepression,accordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Amongthestudyparticipants,researchersestimatethat1inevery9casesofdepressionmighthavebeenpreventedhadeveryonemetrecommendedexercise.40thestudysays.2024届上海市嘉定区高考二模英语试题SectionB（10）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordthanyouneed.A.conserve B.wrinkly C.stationary D.exceptional E.odditiesF.nursing G.timely H.sounding I.generalize J.comprise K.rules TheCuriousWorldofBatsNotallbatsareunbelievablyadorable,liketheonebelow.Manyofthemhave31facesandlargeearsthathelpthem"see"inthedark,usingecholocation（回声定位）.Butallbatsare,withoutadoubt,32creatures.Scientistsaretypicallyreluctantto33aboutbatsbecausetheymakeupsuchalargeanddiversegroupofwingedanimals.Withnearly1,500species,bats34aboutone-fifthofallmammal（哺乳动物）speciesonEarth.Butonethingthatcanbesaidaboutthemasagroupisthattheyare,innot-so-scientificterms,veryodd."Theybreakallthe35,"saidCoriLausen,abatexpertattheenvironmentalgroupWildlifeConservationSocietyCanada.Beingabletoflyisjustoneoftheir36,sincemammalsrarelyfly.Apartfromthat,batscanalsopushtheirheartratetoextremehighsandlows-asslowasonebeatperminute.Manybatspeciescangointoaperiodofdeepsleep,knownas"torpor",forafewhoursadayorevenforweeksto37energywhenit'scoldorfoodisunavailable.Andwhilemostsmallmammalshaveshortlivesandlotsofbabies,somebatscanlivefortwodecadesormoreandtypicallyhavejustonebabyperyear.Forhowmuchenergytheyneed,it'salsosurprisingthatmanybatspecies,includingmostofthoseintheUS,relyoninsectsaloneforfood.Theyhavetoeatridiculousquantitiesofthem.Amomthatis38ababycancatchmorethan4,000insectsinonenight.Oddly,althoughbatscanfly,theycan'teasilytakeofffroma（n）39position,likemostbirdsandinsectsdo.That'sonereasonwhytheyhangupsidedown-batshavetogainthemomentumtheyneedbyfalling."Forthem,it'snotupsidedown,"Fricksaid."It'sflight-sideready!"Whilebatsremainhighlyunderstudiedrelativetobirdsandothermammals,scientistsare40thealarm.InNorthAmerica,morethanhalfofallbatspeciesareatriskofseverepopulationdecline.Climatechange,theysay,threatenstoonlyspeeduptheirextinction.2024届上海市宝山区高考二模英语试题SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.process B.impacting C.appearance D.linked E.assessmentF.costlyG.crucial H.highly I.legal J.pause K.marketedTobaccouseanditsnegativeimpactsonhealthhavebeenwell-documentedfordecades.Traditionaltobaccoproducts,suchascigarettes,havebeen31toawiderangeofhealthproblems,includingcancer,heartdisease,respiratory(呼吸的)disordersandothersAccordingtoasurvey,78.3percentofsmokersstartsmokingbeforeage20.TaiwanProvinceofChinahasraisedthe32smokingageto20orabove.Byinstitutingthischange,theyhopetoreducethenumberofyoungpeopletakingupthehabitDespitebeing33asasafealterativetotraditionalcigarettes,heatedtobaccoproducts(HTPs)arestillconsideredtobacco.Assuch,theyposesignificantdangerstohumanhealth.Theheating34usedintheseproductsreleasesharmfulchemicalsandpoisons,includingtar(焦油),carbonmonoxideandnicotine,a(n)35addictivesubstance.HTPsarepackagedtoappealtoyoungpeoplewhoperceivethemassaferthansmoking.TopreventyoungpeoplefromexperimentingwithHTPsand36theirhealth,TaiwanProvincestrictlycontrolseverykindoftobaccoproductbyaddingahealthrisk37reviewmechanism.Onlyproductsthatpassthereviewprocessareallowedtobemanufactured,importedandsoldtoconsumers.Theinnumerabledownsidestosmokingshouldgivesmokers38andencouragethemtoquitQuittingtobaccoimprovesyourhealthandreducesyourriskofvariousdiseases,includingcancer,heartdisease,andbreathingproblems.Quittingsmokingcanalsoimproveyour39.TobaccousecancausewrinklesandyellowteethQuittingcanleadtohealthierskin,whiterteethandfresherbreath.Smokingcanalsodullyoursensesoftasteandsmell.Bystoppingtobaccouse,yoursensesrecover,leadingtoenhancedenjoymentoffoodandbeverages.Unfortunately,quittingtobaccoisn'teasy.Mostpeoplewillalsoencounternumerouschallengesincludingnicotinewithdrawalandsymptomssuchaseagerness,limitability(易怒)anddifficultyconcentrating.Supportivesocialenvironments,copingstrategiesandprofessionalhelpare40forovercomingthesethingsandlivingasmoke-freelife.2024届上海市金山区高考二模英语试题SectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.actuallyB.amazedC.breathtakingD.criticsE.graduallyF.prizeG.reflectionH.releaseI.solidJ.standardizeK.switchedWillAIallowhumanstoplayapart?Rebeccausedtohavearegularjob,translatingafashionbrand’swebsiteintoGerman.Onedayabigchangehappened.Thecompany(31)______tousingmachinetranslation.Shekeptthejob,anditstillpaidthebills;however,shewasnowtheretocheckand(32)______whateverwasproducedbythecomputer.Buttherewasacomplaint.“Whatitmeant,(33)______,wasthatwehumansweretrainingamachine,”shesays.Eachcorrectedcaptionforamid-pricedT-shirt,eachpairofskinnyjeans,wasadatapointfortherobotthatwasgoingtoreplaceher.Withthe(34)______ofchatprogramsthatcanimitatehumans,theworldisnowbeginningtoconsiderwhatthecomingofartificialintelligencemeans.Whatwillitdoforourjobsifmanyonce(35)______professions—law,accountancy,medicine—disappear?Whatdoesitmeantobeahumanwhenthethingthathumansmost(36)______—intelligence—hasbecomethecheapestproductontheplanet?Translators,forgoodandill,don’thavetowonder.“Youcantaketheworldoftranslatorsandinterpretersasa(37)______oftheworld,”saysNickiBone,chairwomanoftheboardoftheInstituteofTranslatingandInterpreting.Notallofthemareadjusting.“Ofcourse,wehaveour(38)______,”butsheadds,“Therearealsoopportunities,andoptimists.”Thespeedofchange,though,hasbeen(39)______.Increasingly,saysBone,sheandhercolleaguesareactingaseditorsofamachine’sfirstpass,ratherthantranslatorsoftherawmaterial.Forsome,that’sfine.“Peoplewillsay,‘OK,insteadofworkingatonerateforthisnumberofwordsperhour,I’mworkingatmanymorewordsperhour,butforamuchlowerrate.’Somearehappytotakeon.Somewon’t,asamatterofprinciple.”Asweare(40)______atChatGPTanditsgreatabilitytoimitatehumanwriting,translatorsare,comparedwiththerestoftheprofessions,sensitive.Anyway,thistechnologyisheretostay.2024届上海市松江区高考二模英语试题SectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.accompanied B.allowed C.feasibly D.fueledE.intensity F,option G.prompting H.routineI.surgically J.underlying K.varied BrainSignalsforLastingPainBrainsignalsthatrevealhowmuchpainapersonisinhavebeendiscoveredbyscientistswhosaytheworkisasteptowardsnewtreatmentsforpeoplelivingwithlastingpain.Itisthefirsttimeresearchershavedecodedthebrainactivity31patients'lastingpain.ThathasraisedthehopethatbrainstimulationtreatmentalreadyusedforParkinson'sandmajordepressioncanhelpthoserunningoutofanyother32.“We'velearnedthatlastingpaincanbetrackedandpredictedintherealworld,"saidPrasadShirvalkar,leadresearcherontheprojectattheUniversityofCalifornia.Lastingpainaffectsnearly28millionadultsintheUKalone,andthecausesare33 rangingfromcancertobackproblems.Thatbeingthecase,lastingpainhas34ariseintakingpowerfulpainkillers.Butnomedicaltreatmentsworkwellforthecondition,35expertstocallforacompleterethinkinhowhealthserviceshandlepatientswithlastingpain.Forthelateststudy,Shirvalkarandhiscolleagues36implantedelectrodes(电极)intof