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UnitFiveCreativityandInnovation1/69Lead-inTextA:ThePostmodernCravingforCreativityTextB:DesignThinking2/69Lead-in3/69
Lead-in
Discussion1)What’sthedifferencebetweenCreativityandInnovation?Readthenexttwoslidesforsomeclues.4/69Lead-in
Discussion★Whatiscreativity?“...toraisenewquestions,newpossibilities,toregardoldproblemsfromanewangle...”AlbertEinstein5/69★
Whatisinnovation?Lead-in
Discussion6/69
2)Howcanbreakthroughproductsavoid
failure?
ManymanagerswanttheirorganizationstodevelopbreakthroughproductsandasktheirR&DdepartmentstocomeupwiththeequivalentoftheiPodoriPhone.Unfortunately,therealityisthatproductfailureismorecommonthansuccess.Whatarethereasonsforproductfailure?Lead-in
Discussion7/691.Breakthroughproductssometimesfailbecausetheydonotfunctioncorrectly.a.TheAppleNewtonpersonaldigitalassistantpromisedbutfailedtorecognizehandwriting.b.UnileverandP&Ghaveintroduced“power”washingpowderstoremovestainsbutwhichdamagedfabrics.
Lead-in
Discussion8/692.Breakthroughproductsfailtosatisfycustomerneedsandmeetcustomerexpectations.
ArecentsurveyfoundthatofhundredsofnewfoodandbeverageproductsintroducedinthelastfewyearsintheUS,90%hadfailed(andwerewithdrawnfromsupermarketswithin3monthsoflaunch).Lead-in
Discussion9/693)What’sthemeaningof“thinkoutsidethebox”?Inapoll,“thinkoutsidethebox”hasbeenvotedBritain’smostdespisedbusinessjargon.Whatdoyouthinkisthepossiblereason?Lead-in
Discussion10/69Self-perfumingbusinesssuitPawSenseAlarmclockthatrunsawayfromyouLead-in
InnovativeInventions11/69LaserCosmoHiddenWallSafeLead-in
InnovativeInventions12/69ClickthewebsitetoopentheMillionDollarHomepage./DoyoulikethisbusinessideaofAlexTew?Whyorwhynot?Lead-in
MillionDollarHomepage13/69TextAThePostmodernCravingforCreativity14/69StructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopicsPara.1-4Theevolutionofpeople’sperceptionaboutcreativityinindustrialandcommercialsectors.Para.5-10Thegrowingsocialattractiontocreativityinapost-modernworld.Para.11-18Consumerpreferenceforenergybrandscharacterizedbycreativebisociation.15/69PartI
QuestionsaboutPartIQ1.What’sthemainideaofPartI(Para.1-4)?
Thereisgrowingrecognitionthatcreativitywhichusedtobeconsidereddiversionordecorationhasnowbecomeadrivingforceofeconomy,infusingenergytopeopleandbusinesses.16/69Q2.WhydoestheauthormentionCarsatthebeginningofthetext?
ReadtheNotesaboutPixarandRadiatorSprings.PartI
QuestionsaboutPartI17/69PixarDisney’sPixarhasamagicalwayofnotonlytouchingtheheartsofchildren,butalsotheheartsofadultsthroughitsanimatedmovieCars.PartI
Notes18/69
RadiatorSpringsRadiatorSpringswasonceapopularrestarea.However,intheearly1960’s,Interstate40builtnearbygreatlydecreasedtraffic.In,famousracecarLightningMcQueencametothetownandmadefriendswithpopulace.Afterhisrace,hesetuparacingheadquartersthere,andthetownstartedtogrowagain.PartI
Notes19/69Inthemovie,RadiatorSpringsspringingtolifecelebratesAmericancarculture.Inthearticle,RadiatorSpringssymbolizesthoseirresistiblebrandswhicharethrivingthankstoaninsatiableappetiteforcreativityandaquestingspiritforchange.
PartI
QuestionsaboutPartI20/69Q3.What’sthefunctionofPara.2?Para.2showshowpeopleengagedinindustrialactivitiesperceivedcreativity,artandculturedifferently200yearsago,thatis,theywereperceivedasunproductiveandunprofitablerecreations.PartI
QuestionsaboutPartI21/69Q4.InPara.3,theauthorsays“Todaythereisgrowingrecognitionthatcreativity…morethanjustdecorative.”Doyouthinkso?Canyouillustrateyourideawithsomeexamples?
Forexample,ipadhasattractedbillionsofloyalcustomerswithitscutting-edge,user-centereddesign.Thankstoitscreativeprowess,Apple’sipadisnowa7billiondollarbusinessaroundtheworld.PartI
QuestionsaboutPartI22/69200yearsago,creativity,artandculturewereconsidereddiversionsforthoseengagedinindustrialactivity:unproductiverecreationsofferingnomorevaluethanalittleR&R.(Line1,Para.2)200yearsago,creativity,artandcultureofferedsimplyalittleRestandRecreation(R&R)ratherthancreatemuchindustrialvalue.RenoirorRodin,thenamesofpopularFrenchartists,aredeliberatelychosentorhymewithR&Rtoachieveasonorouseffect.PartI
SentenceInterpretation23/69
diversion(Para.2)n.somethingthatdistractsthemindandrelaxesorentertains
synonyms:recreation,entertainmentexample:
Librariesofferlotsofdiversions,
learningandcomfortforyoungminds.
PartI
WordsandExpressions24/69paradigm(Para.4)n.anexampleservingaspatternormodelsynonyms:standard,paragonexample:
Grossnationalhappinessindexisanewconceptineconomicthinkingaimedatreplacingthewesternparadigmofeconomicproductivityandwell-being.PartI
WordsandExpressions25/69Q1.What’sthemainideaofPartII(Para.5-Para.10)?
Thegrowingsocialattractiontocreativityisdrivenbypeople’spostmodernneedtosearchforlifepurposeandtopursuehappiness,whichishardtoachieveinthemodernworldduetoblindconsumerismandlackofmeaning.
PartII
QuestionsaboutPartII26/69Q2.InPara.6andPara.7,howdoestheauthordefinetheperilsandpitfallsofmodernism?
Modernismobssessesuswiththeideathatwecanbetterourselveswithmaterialacquisition.However,the“progress”or“improvement”promisedbymaterialpossessionleadstoourinvolvementinblindconsumerismandfailstofreeusfromthecynicismanddoubtaboutlossoflifepurpose.PartII
QuestionsaboutPartII27/69Q3.Inthesentence,“It’saconflictthatfewmarketerscanrecognize.(Para.8)”,whatdoestheconflictreferto?
Theconflictisthatontheonehand,customersarenolongerfooledbymarketingpronetoexaggeration,liesandemptypromises;ontheotherhand,customersarenotfascinatedbymarketingwhichisstraightforwardbutboring.
PartII
QuestionsaboutPartII28/69Q4.InPara.10,theauthorquotesAlexisdeTocqueville’ssaying,“somanyluckymen,restlessinthemidstofabundance,”toillustrateanegativecorrelationbetweenwealthandhappiness.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththeauthor?Thereisashredoftruthinthenegativecorrelationbetweenmaterialwealthandhappiness.IthasbeenreportedNorthEuropehasahighrateofsuicide,indicatinghappinessisnotabsolutelytheoutcomeofmaterialpossession.PartII
QuestionsaboutPartII29/69Likenine-year-oldswrestlingwiththequestionofSantaClaus,webelieve,consumersaretornbetweenwantingtobelievemodernistpromisesandbeingtoosavvytosuspenddisbelief.(Line1,Para.8)Inthissimile,consumersarecomparedtonine-year-olds,withtheassociationthatbotharebornbetweenacravingforbeliefandasenseofdisbelief.PartII
SentenceInterpretation30/69perpetuate(Para.6)v.tocausetocontinueindefinitelysynonyms:sustain,maintainexample:
Thecompanyaimstoperpetuateexistingwaysofworkingwhilstaccommodatingthenewtechnologies.PartII
WordsandExpressions31/69roil(Para.7)v.tobeinastateofturbulenceoragitationsynonym:stir,boilexample:
Thecommunityhasbeenroilingwithragesincetherecentschoolshooting.
PartII
WordsandExpressions32/69PartⅢQuestionsaboutPartⅢ
Q1:What’sthemainideaofPartIII(Para.11-Para.18)?
Consumerswhoplayanactiveroleinmakingbrandchoicestendtoloveenergybrandswhichsurprise,delightandattractthemwithcreative“bisociation”.33/69
Q2:InPara.14,theauthorintroducestheconceptofbisociation.Readthefollowingexamplesofproductcreationandfigureouttheirbrandnames.
Readthenoteaboutbisociation.PartⅢQuestionsaboutPartⅢ34/69PartIIINotes
Bisociation
BisociationisatermcoinedbyauthorArthurKoestlerinhisbookTheActofCreation.Bisociationinvolvesconnectingtwoseeminglyunrelatedthings(forcedassociation).Key+USB35/69Computers+mailorder=?Auction+web=?Bookstore+web=?TabletPC+cellphone=?PartⅢQuestionsaboutPartⅢ36/69DellEbayAmazonIphonePartⅢQuestionsaboutPartⅢ37/69
Q3:InPara.14,theauthorwrites:“Totheconsumerwho’sthinkinglikeaninvestor,...amoreinterestingfuture.”Howdoyoudefine“aconsumerwhoisthinkinglikeaninvestor”?
AconsumerwholovestheWowfactorincreativebrandsfeelsliketheyareplayinganactiveroleinmakingbrandchoices,justlikeaninvestor.PartⅢQuestionsaboutPartⅢ38/69PartIIISentenceInterpretation
Perhapsanenergizedbrandoffersasortofelixir—apotionthatkeepspeoplegoingforward,eveninbadtimes.(Line1,Para.12)
Itisobservedthatconsumersinpostmoderneraarebeingcaptivatedbyacertainpropertyinsuccessfulbrands—aqualitythatreflectsamoreexciting,dynamic,andcreativeexperience.Consumersareconcentratingtheirpassion,devotion,andpurchasingpoweronbrandsthatkeepevolvingandleadingthemforwardoutofthebadtimes.39/69PartIIISentenceInterpretation
Ifwehadtoliveinaworldpopulatedexclusivelybyproductslackingdifferentiation,offeringlittlecreativity,andinstillingnoenthusiasm,we’dbelivingindingy,grayworld.(Line2,Para.17)
Wearecravingforaconstantlyevolvingworldwhichkeepsexcitingitsinhabitantswithamorepowerfulformofdifferentiation.Energizeddifferentiationcreatesenergizedbrands,instillingenthusiasmintoconsumers.Amonotonousworldisnomorethanadingy,grayworld.40/69PartIIIWordsandExpressionssprinkle(Para.12)v.todropafewpiecesordropsofsomethingoverasurfaceexample:
1)Shesprinkledafewherbsonthepizza.
2)Hisspeechwasliberallysprinkledwithpoliticaljokes.(figurative)41/69obsolete(Para.13)adj.outofuse;outofdatesynonyms:outmoded;outdatedexample:
Obsoleteinventoryisaverygoodbarometeroftheoveralleffectivenessofacompany’soperations.PartIIIWordsandExpressions42/69posit(Para.14)v.tolaydownasafactofprinciplesynonyms:postulate,presume,assumeexample:
Thebookpositsaclearlinkbetweenconsumerismandcreditcrisis.PartIIIWordsandExpressions43/69instill(Para.17)v.tointroducebygradual,persistenteffortssynonyms:implant,infuse,injectExample:
Banksandgovernmentsshouldinstillconfidenceintoinvestorstoheadoffthefinancialcrisiscompletely.PartIIIWordsandExpressions44/69PartIIINotes
SillyString
SillyStringisachildren’stoyofplasticstringpropelledasastreamofliquidfromanaerosolcan.Itisoftenusedduringweddings,birthdayparties,carnivalsandotherfestiveoccasions.45/69
SillyStringhasbeenusedbyAmericanmilitaryforcestodetectbombtripwires.Thestringissprayedoverthesuspectedarea,andifthestringfallstotheground,notripwiresarepresentsincethestringwouldcatchonthetripwires(butisnotheavyenoughtoactivatetheexplosive).PartIIINotes46/69
TextBDesignThinking
47/69StructuralAnalysis
Thetextisclearlydividedbyalistofsubheadings,basedonwhichthestructureofthetextgoesasfollows:Para.MainTopics1-4Introduction5-6Gettingbeneaththesurface7-11Howdesignthinkinghappen12-16Gettingbacktosurface17Conclusion48/69
Introduction:ThomasEdison’sinventionoftheelectriclightbulbillustratesdesignthinking,ahuman-centeredapproachtoinnovation,empoweredbytalentsofgeneralistsplusanastuteunderstandingofcustomersandmarkets.
Para.1-449/69Gettingbeneaththesurface:Havingbranchedintoawiderterrain,designhasevolvedfromanattempttoincreasecompetitiveadvantagesthroughanattractivelate-stageadd-ontoanurgetomeetconsumers’needsbygeneratingcreativeideas.Para.5-650/69Howdesignthinkinghappen:
ThesuccessfullaunchofCoastingbikesbearsoutwhatadesignprojecthastogothrough:acreativehuman-centeredideationprocessfollowedbyiterativecyclesofprototyping,testingandrefinement.Para.7-1151/69Gettingbacktothesurface:
Thesuccessfullaunchof“Keepthechange”,abankaccountservice,showshowdesignthinkingworksinprovidingconsumerswithanemotionallysatisfyingandfunctionallymeaningfulexperience.Para.12-1652/69Conclusion:DesignthinkinghasthepotentialtoresolveultimatehumanproblemsandcontributetothereemergenceofagoldenageofinnovationrepresentedbyThomasEdison.Para.1753/691.BusinessMeetingPreparationStepone:Readtheproductdescriptionwiththehelpofproductpicturesonthenextthreeslides.Exercises
Speaking54/69I-bikeExercises
Speaking55/69OneExercises
Speaking56/69NullaExercises
Speaking57/69Steptwo:Brainstormpositiveandpotentiallynegativeproductfeatures.Stepthree:Workoutprofilesofpotentialcustomers.Fillintheformonthenextslide.Exercises
Speaking58/69Product:__________MAINPRODUCTFEATURESCUSTOMERPROFILEPositivefeatures:Potentiallynegativefeatures:Agegroup:Sex:AnnualIncome:PersonalityandLifestyle:59/69KeysCreativitycanberegardedastheprocessofthinkingupnewthingsandconcepts.Innovationistheprocessofconvertingthosethoughtsintotangiblethings.Insummary,creativityisgeneratingideasandinnovationisbringingtheseideastolife.60/69Keys1)Ametaphoricalbusinessjargonthatmeanstothinkdifferently,unconventionally,orfromacreativeandnovelperspective.2)Employeesdeliberatelyusethistermtoimpresstheirbosses,whichisseenasanintolerableactofbuffling.
Thesimilarbusinessjargonis“blue-skythinking”whichmeansopen-mindedthinking.61/69Product:I-bikeMAINPRODUCTFEATURESCUSTOMERPROFILEPostivefeatures:kinetics-driven,environment-friendly,multi-functional,user-friendlyetc.Potentiallynegativefeatures:overlysophisticated;expensive;theft-prone62/69Product:I-bikeMAINPRODUCTFEATURESCUSTOMERPROFILEAgegroup:youngadultsandmiddle-agedpeople(approximately20-60)Sex:bothAnnualincome:middleclassorabove(approximatelyabove150,000RMB)PersonalityandLifestyle:dynamic,athletic;awareofenvironmentalprotection;tech-junkieetc.63/692.Debate1)Creativityisbornratherthanacquired.Affirmative:Creativityisaninnatequality.Negative:Creativityisnurturedratherthannatural.Brainstormconvincingthoughtsinfavorofyourteam.Exercises
Debate64/69Affirmative1.ThomasEdison,thegreatestinventorinhistory,wasbornwiththegiftofcreativity.TheyoungEdison'smindoftenwandere
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