Unit5MusicDiscoveringusefulstructures过去分词做表语和状语课件高中英语人教版

Unit5

Music人教版高中英语DiscoveringUsefulStructures一、过去分词作表语(一)过去分词作表语的用法①Helookedworriedafterreadingtheletter.②Whenweheardofit,weweredeeplymoved.过去分词放在系动词后，做表语，表示主语所处的状态。此类用法的连系动词：1.be(am,is,are,was,were)2.get,feel,remain,seem,look,become等之后作表语，[对点练]

①—Areyousureyou'rereadyforthetest?—Noproblem.I'mwell________(prepare)forit.②Iwas____________(disappoint)atthefilmIsawlastnight.Ihadexpected ittobebetter.prepared

disappointed(二)过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别①Thecupisbroken.杯子破了。②ThecupwasbrokenbyTom.杯子是汤姆打破的。[会发现]1．句①过去分词为系表结构。2．句②过去分词表示被动。过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。①这本书写得很好。_________________________②这本书是他去年写的。______________________________________The

book

is

well

written.The

book

was

written

by

him

last

year.(三)感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别①Weweresurprisedatwhathesaidatthemeeting.②Hiswordswerediscouraging,whichmademanypeoplediscouraged.[对点练]

(用所给词的适当形式填空)①The__________lookonherfacesuggestedthatshewas__________bythe___________scene.(frighten)②Thenewswas________andtheywereall_______atit.(excite)③Weallfelt__________atthe___________news.(encourage)④Theaudiencewereall_____totearsbythe______film.(move)frightened

frightened

frightening

exciting

excited

encouragedencouraging

movedmoving二、过去分词作状语(一)过去分词作状语的类型①Whenaskedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.②Absorbedinpainting,Johndidn'tnoticeeveningapproaching.＝BecauseJohnwasabsorbedinpainting,hedidn'tnoticeeveningapproaching.＝Johnwasabsorbedinpainting,sohedidn'tnoticeeveningapproaching.③Usedwithcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.④Defeatedbyhisopponent,henevergaveupanyhope.＝Althoughhewasdefeatedbyhisopponent,henevergaveupanyhope.⑤Sheacceptedthegift,deeplymoved.＝Sheacceptedthegift,andshewasdeeplymoved.⑥Lostinthought,hedidn'thearthebell.过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、伴随、方式和结果，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。[名师点津]

值得注意的是，有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有lost(迷路)；seated(坐)；hidden(躲)；lost/absorbedin(沉溺于)；dressedin(穿着)；tiredof(厌烦)。[对点练]

(用所给词的适当形式填空)①First__________(celebrate)in1970,theDaynowincludeseventsinmorethan190countriesandregions(地区)．②______(raise)inthepoorestareaofGlasgow,hehadalong,hardroadtobecomingafootballstar.③Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow,__________(surround)byhisfamily.celebrated

Raisedsurrounded

④_______(found)intheearly20thcentury,theschoolkeepsoninspiringchildren'sloveofart.⑤__________(translate)intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.Founded

Translated

(二)过去分词作状语时的位置①Toldthathismotherwasill,LiLeihurriedhomequickly.②Theoldmanwalkedintotheroom,supportedbyhisson.过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。①______(see)fromthemountain,thecitylooksmuchmorebeautiful.②Thepresidentofthecompanycametothefactory,________(follow)bysomeworkers.Seenfollowed

(三)过去分词的独立结构作状语Becausemybestfriendispunishedbyourteacher,Iamextremelysad.Mybestfriendpunishedbyourteacher,Iamextremelysad.主格（分词的逻辑主语）+分词，主句（主+谓+宾）过去分词作状语时，有时在分词前加上自己的主语，这种带有自身主语的过去分词被称为过去分词的独立结构。过去分词的独立结构在句中作状语时，通常可表示时间、原因、条件等。[对点练]

(用独立主格结构作状语改写句子)①Afterthelecturewasgiven,alivelyquestion­and­answersessionfollowed.→___________________alivelyquestion­and­answersessionfollowed.②Thefactoryproducedmanyfamouscars,noneofwhichwereshippedto foreigncountries.→Thefactoryproducedmanyfamouscars,________________________________________________.③Becauseextramoneywasgiventothepoor,hefeltveryhappy.→_______________________________hefeltveryhappy.The

lecture

given,

none

of

them

shipped

toforeign

countriesExtra

money

given

to

the

poor,

(四)过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别过去分词作状语，要看动词与句子主语之间的逻辑关系，作状语的动词与句子主语构成被动关系，动词要用过去分词。Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksmorebeautifultous.Seeingfromthetopofthehill,wewillfindthecitymorebeautiful.句子的主语，see的逻辑主语如果从山顶看城市的话主语与作状语的动词之间为被动关系句子的主语，see的逻辑主语如果从山顶看的话主语与作状语的动词之间为主动关系[名师点津]

无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。Ifcaught,thepolicewillpunishthethief.(

)Ifcaught,thethiefwillbepunishedbythepolice.(

)Ifthethiefiscaught,thepolicewillpunishthethief.(

)

主格+分词

，主句（主+谓+宾）Thethiefcaught,thepolicewillpunishthethief.×√√①WhenIwaslittle,mymotherusedtositbymybed,_______(tell)metoriestillIfellasleep.②—WhereisJimmy?—JustnowIsawhimsittingunderthetree,________(absorb)inhisvideogames.tellingabsorbed

【活学活用2】单句语法填空(1)Ordinarysoap,___________(use)

correctly，candealwithbacteriaeffectively.(2)___________(order)

overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.(3)___________(bite)byasnake,hewastakentothehospital.(4)Though___________(defeat),hedidn'tloseheart.(5)___________(follow)bySomeofficials,thegeneralinspectedhisarmy.usedOrderedBitendefeatedFollowed典例练习单句语法填空1._________(writte)inahurry,

thisarticlewasnotsogood!2._________(give)anotherhour,Icanalsoworkoutthis