《节水灌溉工程技术标准》（GB-T50363-2018）

Foreword

AccordingtotherequirementsofDocumentJIANBIAO[2012]No.5issuedbytheMinistryofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopment(MOHURD)—"NoticeonPrintingandDistributing'theDevelopmentandRevisionPlanofNationalEngineeringConstructionStandardsin2012'",thedraftinggrouphasconductedextensiveinvestigationandstudy,summarizedthepracticalexperience,madereferencetotherelevantinternationalstandardsandothercountries'advancednormsandcodes,and

widelysolicitedopinionstoreviseGB/T50363-2006TechmcalSpecificationforWater-saving

IrrigationEngineering

Thisstandardconsistsof10chaptersand2appendixes,covering:generalprovisions,terms,planninganddesign,watersourceforirrigation,irrigationschedulingandirrigationwateruse,wateruseefficiencyofirrigation,technicalspecifications,benefitanalysisandevaluation,managementandareaof

water-savingirrigation,etc

Themaincontentsofthisrevisionare:

1.Adjustmentoftheoriginalprojectplanning,projectplanningandmeasures,benefit,irrigationmanagementtoplanninganddesign,technicalspecifications,benefitanalysisandevaluation,management,

respectively

2.Modificationandsupplementofgeneralprovisions,terms,watersourceforirrigation,irrigationschedulingandirrigationwateruse,wateruseefficiencyofirrigationandareaofwater-savingirrigation

intheoriginalspecificationinaccordancewithrelevantstandards.

TheMinistryofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopmentofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaisinchargeofadministrationofthisstandard.TheMinistryofWaterResourcesofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaisinchargeofitsroutinemanagement.ChinaIrrigationandDrainageDevelopmentCenterisinchargeofexplanationoftechnicalspecifications.Ifyouhaveanycommentsandrecommendationswhenimplementingthisstandard,pleasecontactChinaIrrigationandDrainageDevelopmentCenter

(Address:No.60,GuanganmenSouthStreet,XichengDistrict,Beijing,Postcode:100054).

ChiefDevelopmentOrganization,Co-DevelopmentOrganizations,ChiefDraftersandChief

Reviewersofthisstandard:

ChiefDevelopmentOrganization:

ChinaIrrigationandDrainageDevelopmentCenter

Co-DevelopmentOrganizations:

DepartmentofRuralWaterandHydropower

ChinaAgriculturalUniversity

ChinaInstituteofWaterResourcesandHydropowerResearch

WuhanUniversity

NorthwestA&.FUniversity

FarmlandIrrigationResearchInstituteoftheMinistryofWaterResources

DevelopmentofWaterResourcesofZhejiangProvince

●

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ChiefDrafters;

YANGuanyuWANGXiaolingGUTaoWUYuqinLIGuangyongLIUQunchangLUOJinyaoHEWuquanHUANGXiuqiaoDUXiuwen

LVTianwei

ChiefReviewers;

FENGGuangzhiZHAOJingchengZHUErmingGAOAnzeQIAOShishar

DAIJiqunWANGXiaogang

Contents

1Generalprovisions (

1)

2Terms (

2)

3Planninganddesign (

3)

3.1Planning (

3)

3.2Projectdesign (

4)

4Watersourcesforirrigation (

6)

5Irrigationschedulingandirrigationwateruse (

7)

6Wateruseefficiencyofirrigation (

8)

6.1Requirementsforwateruseefficiencyofirrigation2 (

8)

6.2Determinationmethodsforwateruseefficieneyofirrigation (

8)

7Technicalspecifications (

9)

7.1Generalrequirements (

9)

7.2Canalseepagecontrolproject (

10)

7.3Irrigationprojectwithpipeconveyance (

10)

7.4Sprinklerirrigationproject (

11)

7.5Microirrigationproject (

11)

7.6Othertechniques (

12)

8Benefitanalysisandevaluation (

13)

9Management (

15)

10Areaofwater-savingirrigation (

16)

AppendixAMethodsofmeasurementandcalculationfortherelatedparameters (

17)

AppendixBCalculationmethodsofthebenefitindex (

19)

Explanationofwordinginthisstandard (

21)

Listofquotedstandards (

22)

1Generalprovisions

1.0.1Thisstandardispreparedwithaviewtoensuretheconstruction,operationandmaintenanceofwater-savingirrigationprojectstechnicallyfeasibleandeconomicallyviable,topromotesustainabledevelopmentofwater-savingirrigation,andtoensurehigh-qualitydevelopmentofeconomyandsociety.1.0.2Thisstandardisapplicabletotheplanning,design,construction,acceptance,management,andevaluationofnewconstruction,extensionandrenovationofwater-savingirrigationprojectsinagriculture.

forestry,andanimalhusbandry.

1.0.3Theconstructionofwater-savingirrigationprojectshallgivefullconsiderationtolocalconditions,qualityassurance,operationandmaintenance,withagronomic,biological,andmanagementmeasurestoachieverationalallocationandefficientutilizationofwaterresources,improvesupport

capabilitiesofirrigationandprotectecologicalenvironment

1.0.4Water-savingirrigationprojectsshallhaveclearpropertyrightsandestablishafully-fledgedmanagementorganization,perfectrulesandregulationsforprojectoperationandmanagement,andpay

highattentiontothelong-termandsoundoperationofprojects.

1.0.5Inadditiontotherequirementsstipulatedofthisstandard,constructionandmanagementofwater-savingirrigationprojectsshallalsocomplywithrequirementsstipulatedintherelevantcurrent

nationalstandards

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2Terms

2.0.1Water-savingirrigation

Comprehensivemeasurestoutilizeprecipitationandirrigationwaterefficientlybasedoncropwater-demandpatternandlocalwater-supplyconditions,inordertooptimizeeconomic,social,and

environmentalbenefitsofagriculture

2.0.2Canalseepagecontrol

Technicalmeasuretoreducewaterlossduetocanalseepage

2.0.3Irrigationwithpipeconveyance

Surfaceirrigationmethodwithwhichpressurizedwaterflowformedbypumppressureoranatural

fall,isconveyedthroughpipestofieldwater-supplyfacilities.

2.0.4Sprinklerirrigation

Irrigationmethodtousespecializedequipmenttospraypressurizedwaterstreamsthroughe

sprinklerhead,creatingfinedropletsfallingtothesoilsurface.

2.0.5Microirrigation

Irrigationmethodwithwhichthewaterandnutrientsrequiredforcropgrowtharedeliveredwithsmalldischargedirectlytothesoilnearthecroprootsinauniformandaccuratemannerbyapipenetwork

andemittersmountedontheendpipes

2.0.6Improvedsurfaceirrigation

Irrigationmethodthatusesfurrowirrigation,borderirrigationorcheck-basinirrigationtoimprove

distributionuniformityofirrigationwaterandincreasewateruseefficiency

2.0.7localirrigationwithinjection

Localirigationmethodthatusesspecializedequipmenttoinjectacertainamountofwaterintothesoiloftherootzoneofcrops(seeds),toimprovesoilmoistureandsatisfywaterdemandofgermination

andseedling.

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3Planninganddesign

3.1Planning

3.1.1Forwater-savingirrigationprojectplanning,basicinformationsuchasmeteorology,watersources,topography,hydrology,geology,soil,crops,waterconservancyprojects,irrigationexperiments,energy,materialsandequipment,theeconomyandsocietyandrelatedplanning,shallbecollectedandrationalityandreliabilityanalysisshallbeconducted.

3.1.2Planningofwater-savingirrigationprojectshallbeintegratedwithplanningoflocalwater-resourcedevelopmentandutilization,landuse,waterconservancydevelopment,agriculturadevelopmentandecologicalenvironmentalprotection.Itshallmeettherequirementsofmodernagriculture,newruralconstruction,andhigh-standardfarmlandconstruction.Furthermore,itshallmakebeneficialuseofexistingwaterresourcesfacilities,andintegratewiththearrangementoffarmlanddrainage,fieldroads,farmlandshelterbeltnetworks,power-supplyfacilities,etc.

3.1.3Theplanningofwater-savingirrigationprojectsshallreasonablyselectthetypeandscaleofthewater-savingirrigationprojectsaccordingtolocalconditionssuchaslocalnaturalandsocio-economicconditions,waterresourcescarryingcapacity,agriculturaldevelopmentrequirementsandlevelofwater-savingirrigationdevelopment.Theselectionoftypeofwater-savingirrigationprojectshallbeinaccordancewiththefoHowingrequirements:

1Seepagecontrolmeasuresshouldbeadoptedforbackbonecanalswithsignificantwater

conveyancelossesandlowwatertransportationefficiency.

2Irrigationwithpipeconveyanceshouldbeadoptedinirrigationareaswithgravityconditionsor

liftirrigatedarea,Irrigationwithpipeconveyanceshallbeadoptedingroundwaterirrigationareas.

3Sprinklerirrigationandmicroirrigationshouldbeadoptedincashcropplantingareas,protectedagricultureareas,high-efficiencyagriculturalareas,concentratedandcontinuouslarge-scalefarmingareas,andareaswhereitisdifficulttoadoptsurfaceirrigationduetosoiltextureorterrainrestrain.Gravitysprinklerirrigationandmicroirrigationshouldbeappliedinhillyareasbytakingtheadvantage

ofnaturalslopeofsurface.

4Microirrigationshouldbeadoptedinareaswithrainwaterharvestingasanalternativewater

source.

3.1.4Waterbalanceanalysisshallcomplywiththerequirementsofthemoststringentwaterresourcesmanagementsystem.Water-savingirrigationtechniquesshallbeoptimizedandwaterdemandtomeettheprobabilityofirrigationdesignshallbedefinedbasedonwateravailability,soastoachieveabalancebetweenwatersupplyanddemand.Intheareawherewaterdemandandsupplyareunbalanced,measuresshallbetakentoadjusttheirirrigationmethods,irrigationscale,and/orcroppingpattern,orreduceirrigationareas.Theprobabilityofirrigationdesignshallmeettherequirementsofcurrent

nationalstandardGB50288CodeforDesignofIrrigationandDrainageEngineering.Irrigation

projectwithpipeconveyanceshallmeettherequirementsofcurrentnationalstandardGB/T20203

TechnicalSpecificationforIrrigationProjectswithPipeConveyance.

3.1.5Thelayoutofwater-savingirrigationprojectshalltakeexistingwaterprojects,roads,forest

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belts,powertransmissionlines,etcintoconsideration,andshallbedeterminedthroughsocial-technocomparisonofalternatives.Inrenovationorextensionofcanalsforseepagecontrol,theoriginallayoutshallbereviewedandadjustmentshallbemadetothedeficientcanalsystem.Newly-constructedcanalsystemsshallbeproposedaftersocial-technocomparisonofalternatives.Forcanalanddrainage(pipe)networks,specialsoilfoundationareasandareasthatmayexperiencelandslidesorbepronetoflash

floodsshallbeavoided.

3.1.6Thedeliverableofplanningshallincludetheplanningreport,investmentestimationreport,andplanninglayout.Thelayoutofaprojectwithanirrigationareagreaterthanorequalto333hm²shouldbedrawnintopographicmapswithascaleof1:5000to1:10000,whereasthelayoutofaprojectwithan

irrigationarealessthan333hm²shouldbedrawnintopographicmapswithascaleof1:2000to1:5000

3.2Projectdesign

3.2.1Projectdesignshallbeconductedbasedontheapprovedplanorfeasibilitystudyreport,withadditionalinvestigationsandsurveystoobtainreliablebasicinformation.Explanationsshallbemadetothekeytechnicalstandardsandotherrelevantdocumentsthatarebasedduringthedesignofwater-savingirrigationprojects.Classofwater-savingirrigationprojectandgradeofeachhydraulicstructureshallbespecified.

3.2.2Duringtheprojectdesign,theresultsofwater-balanceanalysisintheplanningreportshallbereviewed,andirrigationdesignstandardsandcropirrigationschedulingshallbedefined.Irrigationwateruseundertheprobabilityofirrigationdesignshallbecheckedsoastospecifyprojectconstructionscope

andscale.

3.2.3Duringtheprojectdesign,overalllayoutandmainconstructionitemsofprojectsshallbe

determinedbasedoncomparisonoftechnicalalternatives.

3.2.4Thedesignofwater-savingirrigationprojectshallincludethoseofwater-sourceworks,headworks,canalorpipenetworksforwaterconveyanceanddistribution,fieldworks,andvariousauxiliary

works.

3.2.5Thedesignofwater-savingirrigationprojectshallbeinaccordancewiththefollowing

requirements:

1Comprehensivedesignshallbecarriedoutforallindividualitemswithintheapprovedscopeof

projectdesign.

2Thedesignofwater-sourceworksshallincludewaterbalanceanalysisandcalculationsto

determinethewater-supplycapacityofthedesignedyear.Thedesignshallmeettherequirementsofcurrent

nationalstandardGB50288CodeforDesignofIrrigationandDrainageEngineering,GB50265Design

CodeforPumpingStationandGB/T50625TechnicalCodeforWaterWells.

3Duringthedesignofseepagecontrolcanal,longitudinalandcross-sectionalsectionsandseepagecontrolliningstructuresshallbedesignedbasedonhydrauliccalculations.Forlargeandmedium-sizedcanals,theslopestabilityshallbecalculatedandanalyzedbasedongeologicalconditions

alongthelineanddesignsectionsituation

4Forthedesignofpipeconveyance,sprinklerandmicroirrigation,thearrangementofcontrolheadsandfieldpipenetworksshallbeproposed,parametersofemitterorwateroutletspigotshallbeselected.Irrigationschedulingandarrangementshallbedetermined,andtheresultsofhydraulic

calculationsshallbegiven.

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5Forthedesignofcanalseepagecontrolprojectandirrigationprojectwithpipeconveyance,thesizeandspacingoffieldfurrow,borderirrigationandcheck-basinshallbeproposedtoimprovedsurface

irrigation.

3.2.6Thedeliverableofprojectdesignshallincludedesignspecifications,illustrationsandbudget

estimationsheets,andprovidethefollowingsupportingdrawings:

1Layoutofwater-savingirrigationproject.

2Longitudinalandcross-sectionaldrawingsofcanal,pipeorfurrow

3Layoutofheadworks.

4Drawingsofwatersourceworks.

5Drawingsofmainbuildingsandancillarystructures

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4Watersourcesforirrigation

4.0.1Forwater-savingirrigation,watershallbeallocatedinanoptimizedmanner,andrationallyutilizedandconservedtomaximizebenefitsoftheirrigationwater.Thepriorityshallbegiventosurfacewaterforwatersourcesandgroundwatershallbeusedinarationalmanner.Inirrigationdistrictswithbothwellandcanals,surfacewaterandgroundwatershouldbeconjunctiveusedsoastoincreasetherateofrepetitiveuseofirrigationwater.Insurfacewaterirrigationdistricts,returnedwaterofirrigation

shallbeusedasmuchaspossibleproperlyifconditionsallow.

4.0.2QualityofirrigationwatershallmeettherequirementsofcurrentnationalstandardGB5084

StandardforIrrigationWaterQuality

4.0.3Whentheamountofwaterabstractionofnewlyconstructedorexpandedirrigationworksarerelativelybigandpronetotheexertionofimpactsonthesurroundingenvironment,waterresourcesdemonstrationsystemforprojectshallbestrictlyimplementedconstructionandwaterresources

evaluationreportsprepared.

4.0.4Theamountofwaterabstractionofirrigationworksshallnotexceedthatofwateravailableforirrigation.Forgroundwaterover-exploitedareasorsurfacewaterjrrigationareastakinguptheamountofecologicalwater,waterwithdrawalforirrigationshallnotbeincreased,anddeepartesianaquifershal

notbeexploitedforirrigationdevelopment.

4.0.5Whenrainwaterisharvestedasanalternativewatersourceforirrigation,thecapacityofrainwatercollectionshallbebalancedwithstoragecapacityandshallmeetthedemandofwateruseof

water-savingirrigationproject.

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5Irrigationschedulingandirrigationwateruse

5.0.1Irrigationschedulingshouldbedeterminedbasedonexperimentdataoflocalwater-saving

irrigation.Irrigationschedulingforareaslackingdatamaybedeterminedbasedonexperimentdataof

areaswithsimilarconditionsoraccordingtowaterbalance.

5.0.2Irrigationschedulingshallbedeterminedbasedontypesofvariouswater-savingirrigation

technologies,andtheprobabilityofcorrespondingirrigationdesign

5.0.3Irrigationwateruseshallbedeterminedbasedonirrigationschedulingforhighcropyieldor

waterproductivity,withconsiderationtolocalwaterresourceconditions.

5.0.4Intheareasofwaterscarcity,irrigationwateruseshouldbedeterminedbasedonthesensitivityofcropstowatershortageatdifferentstagesofgrowth,bymeansofapplyingirrigationatcriticalgrowth

stages,deficitirrigationandothertechniques.

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6Wateruseefficiencyofirrigation

6.1Requirementsforwateruseefficiencyofirrigation

6.1.1Wateruseefficiencyofcanalsystemshallbeinaccordancewiththefollowingrequirements:

1Itshallnotbelowerthan0.55,0.65and0.75forlarge,medium-sizedandsmallirrigation

districts,respectively.Intheirrigationdistrictswherebothwellandcanalirrigationareadoptedintheentirearea,canalsystemefficiencymaybereducedby0.10fromtheaboverangeforcanalirrigation.Inirrigationdistrictswherewellandcanalirrigationareadoptedpartially,wateruseefficiencymaybe

reducedinaproportionofthepercentageofwellandcanalirrigationareatothetotalirrigationarea.

2Ingroundwaterirrigationdistricts,itshallnotbelowerthan0.90

Note:Theclassificationofirrigationdistrictsisbasedonthescaleofdesignedirrigatedarea.Largeirrigationdistricts:theirrigatedarea≥300000mu;Medium-sizedirrigationdistricts:100000mu≤theirrigatedarea<300000mu;Smallirrigation

districts:theirrigatedarea<100000mu.(1hm²=15mu)

6.1.2Ifpipelineisusedforwaterconveyance,wateruseefficiencyofthepipesystemshallnotbe

lowerthan0.95

6.1.3On-farmwateruseefficiencyshouldnotbelowerthan0.95and0.90forpaddyandrootdryuplandcropirrigationdistricts,respectively.

6.1.4Wateruseefficiencyofirrigationshallbeinaccordancewiththefollowingrequirements:

1Forcanalseepagecontrolirrigationproject,itshallnotbelowerthan0.50,0.60,0.70,0.80for

large,medium-sized,smallandgroundwaterirrigationdistricts,respectively

2Forpipeirrigationproject,itshallnotbelowerthan0.80.

3Forsprinklerirrigationproject,itshallnotbelowerthan0.80

4Formicroirrigationproject,itshallnotbelowerthan0.85.Fordripirrigationproject,itshall

notbelowerthan0.90

6.2Determinationmethodsforwateruseefficiencyofirrigation

6.2.1Wateruseefficiencyofcanalsystemmaybecalculatedbyusingwateruseefficiencyofcanalsat

alllevels.WateruseefficiencyofcanalsshallbetestedasspecifiedinthestandardofArticleA.0.1.

6.2.2Forirrigationdistrictsadoptingavarietyofirrigationmethods,efficiencyofirrigationwateruse

shallbedeterminedbytheratioofsumofthenetirrigationwateruseofvariousirrigationmethodsand

thetotalwaterwithdrawalfromthewaterintake.

6.2.3Wateruseefficiencyofwell-canalcombinedirrigationdistrictsmaybedeterminedbytheFormula(A.0.2).

6.2.4On-farmwateruseefficiencyshallbecalculatedbyFormula(A.0.3-1)orFormula(A.0.3-2)

6.2.5Wateruseefficiencyofirrigationmaybedeterminedbythehead-endmeasurementandcalculationmethodorcomprehensivecalculationdeterminationmethod

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7Technicalspecifications

7.1Generalrequirements

7.1.1Thefarmlandworksofirrigationprojectsofcanalseepagecontrolandpipeconveyanceshalladoptimprovedsurfaceirrigationtechniquesandshallbeinaccordancewiththefollowingrequirements:

1Inuplandcropirrigationareas,thelandshallbeleveledandfurroworborderirrigationadopted.

Ingravity-flowirrigationareas,theborderlengthshouldnotexceed75m,andthefurrowlengthshouldnotexceed100mforfurrowirrigation.Inwater-liftingirrigationareas,thelengthsoftheborderirrigationandfurrowshouldnotexceed50m.Theborderwidthshallbedeterminedbytheinteger

multipleoftheoperatingwidthofagriculturalmachinery,andshouldnotexceed4m.

2Thestandarddeviationofrelativeelevationofthehorizontalbordersurfaceshouldbelessthan2cm.Borderlengthandwidthshouldbedeterminedbasedonavailabledischargeofcanal(pipe),layout

offieldwatertransmissionanddistributionsystemandlocalconditions.

3Thelengthandwidthofthecheck-basinfieldinplainpaddyareasshouldbe60mto120mand20mto30m,respectively,whichmaybeadjustedaccordingtoterrainconditionsofhillyareas.Insalinecheck-basinfieldswithleachingirrigation,thelengthandwidthshouldbe50mto100mand10mto20m,respectively.Landlevelingshallemploycheck-basinfieldasthebasicunit,andstandarddeviation

oftherelativeelevationofthefieldsurfacewithinthecheck-basinfieldshouldbelessthan3cm

4SurfaceirrigationshallmeettherequirementsofprofessionalstandardSL558—2011Codeof

PracticeforTechnicalManagementofSurfaceIrrigationProject

7.1.2Forirrigationprojectwithpipelinesforwaterconveyance,theselectionofpipematerialsshall

beinaccordancewiththefollowingrequirements:

1Theselectionofpipematerialsshallmeettherequirementsoftechnicalandeconomic.Plasticpipeshouldbeusedifthepipediameterislessthan400mm,whereaspolyethyleneplasticpipesareadvisableincoldareasorareaswithcomplicatedterrain.Ifthepipediameterislargerthan400mm,fiber-reinforcedplasticpipes,reinforcedconcretepipes,andconcretecylinderpipesmaybeused.Metalpipes

shouldbeselectedinhillyareaswithoutembedmentconditions.

2Theallowableworkingpressureofpipesmaterialsshallnotbelessthanthemaximumpressure

generatedbywaterhammer.

3Theallowableworkingpressureofplasticpipesshallnotbelessthan1.5timesofthedesigned

workingpressure.

7.1.3Thelayoutofpipenetworkshallbeinaccordancewiththefollowingrequirements:

1Thetypeofpipenetworklayoutshallbedeterminedbycomparisonsofoptionsalternatives,

accordingtothelocationofwatersource,topographicconditionsandformoffieldirrigation

2Thepipesshouldbelaidoutparalleltofurrows,canalsorroads,andshallavoidfillingareasandareasthatarepronetolandslideorflashflood.Thelayoutofpipelinesshallbesmoothtoreduceturning

pointsandundulation

3Pipenetworkshallbeequippedwithdevicesforcontrol,measurement,waterdischarge,safety

protectionandmonitoring.Freeze-proofmeasuresshallbetakenincoldareas

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7.1.4Measuresforpressureregulationshallbetakenforpipelinenetworkswithlargescaleorcomplex

topographicconditions

7.2Canalseepagecontrolproject

7.2.1Seepagecontrolorliningshallbeperformedasapriorityforcanalsorcanalsegmentsinareassufferingfromseverewatershortages,underunfavorablegeologicalconditions,severeseepageincanal,orneedtocontrolgroundwaterdepthandinhighliftpumpingirrigationareas.Necessaryofseepagecontrolshallbeevaluatedinwell-