《小型水电站施工安全标准》（GB51304-2018）

Foreword

AccordingtotherequirementsofDocumentJIANBIAO[2012]No.5issuedbytheMinistryofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopment(MOHURD)ofthePeople'sRepublicofChina—"NoticeonPrintingandDistributing'theDevelopmentandRevisionPlanofNationalEngineeringConstructionStandardsin2012'",andaftercarryingoutextensiveinvestigationandresearch,summarizingpastexperience,andreferringtorelevantinternationalandforeignstandards,thedraftinggroupformulatedthisstandardbasedonwide-rangingsolicitationofopinions.

Thisstandardconsistsof5chapters,covering:generalprovisions,basicrequirements,on-siteconstructionsafety,safetyforfloodfightingandemergencyplan.

Theprovisionsprintedinboldtypearemandatoryonesandmustbeimplementedstrictly.

TheMinistryofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopmentofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaisinchargeofadministrationofthisstandardandexplanationofitsmandatoryprovisions,andtheMinistryofWaterResources(MWR)isinchargeoftheroutinemanagement.NationalResearchInstituteforRuralElectrificationofMWRisresponsiblefortheinterpretationofthespecifictechnicalcontent.Ifthereareanycommentsorsuggestionsduringtheimplementationofthisstandard,pleasesendthemtoNationalResearchInstituteforRuralElectrification(Address:122XueyuanRoad,XihuDistrict,Hangzhou,ZhejiangProvince,P.R.China,Postcode:310012).

ChiefDevelopmentOrganization,ChiefDraftersandChiefReviewersofthisstandard:

ChiefDevelopmentOrganization:

NationalResearchInstituteforRuralElectrificationofMWR

ChiefDrafters:

JIANGHepingLIUZhongminZHOUWeibinZHOUGuopingXIAWeicaiCHENChangjieLIFengjunHANYonglinGUANJianLITingting

ChiefReviewers:

MAYuganLIUDeyou

ChiefTranslators:

JIANGHepingXUZhifengSHUJingGUANJianLITingtingSHIJin

CHUXiaojieJIANGZheyangTANGYanqiuGUYugeSHENXuequn

Contents

1Generalprovisions (

1)

2Basicrequirements (

2)

2.1Construcionlayout (

2)

2.2Operatingpersonnel (

2)

2.3Constructionsitepowersupply (

4)

24lhwalaionandoperationofcnsretineuipmen (

4)

2.5Protectionmeasuresforsafety (

5)

2.6Firecontrol (

7)

2.7Occupationalhealthandenvironmentalprotection (

7)

2.8Eco-friendlyandwell-managedconstruction (

7)

3On-siteconstructionsafety (

9)

3.1Earthwork (

9)

3.2Foundationtreatment (

10)

3.3Aggregateproduction (

11)

3.4Concreteworks (

12)

3.5Masonryworks (

14)

3.6Metalworks (

15)

3.7Mechanicalandelecuricalinstallation (

17)

4Safetyforfloodfighting (

21)

5Emergencyplan (

22)

5.1Generaleurenens (

22)

5.2Eesny (

22)

Explanationofwordinginthisstandard (

25)

Listofquotedstandards (

26)

1Generalprovisions

1.0.1Thisstandardisformulatedforthepurposeofstandardizingtheworksafetyintheconstructionofsmallhydropowerstations,clarifyingtheworksafetyrequirementsintheconstructionprocess,andpreventingallkindsofworksafetyaccidents.

1.0.2Thisstandardisapplicabletotheworksafetymanagementofnewconstruction,expansion,technicalrenovationofsmallhydropowerstationswiththeinstalledcapacityofasinglestationrangingfrom0.5MWto50MW.

1.0.3Duringtheconstructionofsmallhydropowerstations,ownershallestablishasafetymanagementteamwithparticipationofcontractor,designer,supervisor,etc.Asafetymanagementsystemshallbesetupwithclearworksafetyresponsihilitiesandtasksofeachparty.Allpartiesshallperformtheirowndutiesandresponsibilities,andmakejointeffortstoensureworksafety.

1.0.4Toaddressworksafetyaccidents,accountabilitysystemshallbeimplemented,andaccidentreporting,investigationandtreatmentproceduresstandardizedtopreventorminimizesuchaccidents.

1.0.5Inadditiontotherequirementsofthiscode,constructionsafetyofsmallhydropowerstations,theprovisionsstipulatedshallalsocomplywiththosestipulatedinthecurrentrelevantstandardsofthe

nation

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2Basicrequirements

2.1Constructionlayout

2.1.1Constructionandproductionareashouldbeunderclosed-offmanagement.Constructionwarningsigns,safetyregulationsandrulesofHSE(health,safetyandenvironment)shallbesetupinaneasy-to-findmannerateachentranceandexit.Irrelevantpersonnelorfacilitiesarenotallowedtobemobilizedintoclosed-offareawithoutpermission.

2.1.2Theconstructionareaofspecialworkssuchasblasting,highsideslopeandtunnelexcavationshallbeundersafetyisolationmanagement.Irrelevantpersonnelorfacilitiesarenotallowedtobemobilizedintosafetyisolationarea.

2.1.3Inhighmountainandgorgeareasandotherareaspronetodebrisflow,landslideandothergeologicaldisasters,constructionsiteandcampsiteshallnotbelocatedinthedebrisflowaffectedareassuchasgulliesorunstableslideslopes.

2.1.4Full-time(part-time)workplacesafetymanagementpersonnelshallbeassignedforsafetyinspection.Theyshallidentifysaferyhazardspromptly,followrectificationprocessandcorrectregulationviolationbehavioursonsite.

2.1.5Constructionfacilities,temporarybuildings,pipelinesandotherfacilitiesshallbearrangedinaccordancewiththesafetyrequfrementsoffloodcontrol,fireproof,impactresistance,windproofandoccupationalhealth..

2.1.6Equipmentandmaterialsstoredonconstructionsiteshallbecategorized,well-labeled,andplacedfirmlyandneatly.

2.1.7Electricityunfizationshallcomplywithconstructionelectricityutilizationschemeandsafetytechniealmeasures.Wires,electricalsubstationanddistributionequipment,andotherelectricaldevicesshallmeettherequirementsoffireproof,lightningproof,insulationandsafetydistance.

2.1.8Livingandofficeareasonsiteshallbeseparatedfromproductionandoperationareaswithsafetydistance.Staffdormitoryshallnotbeinuncompletedbuildings.

2.1.9Appropriateprohibition,indicationandwarningsignsshallbeplacedatthesitesofhazardousoperation,storageofinflammable,explosiveandtoxicsubstances,warehouses,electricalsubstationsandswitchroomsandfireprohibitionareas.

2.1.10Roadwaysonconstructionsiteshallbelevelandunobstructedtomeettherequirementsforthesafetyofconstructionvehicles,fireenginesandpedestrians.Thedailycleaningandmaintenanceofroadwaysshallbeproperlyimplemented.

2.1.11Warningsigns,trafficlightsorsafetyprotectionfacilitiesshallbesetupatroadsectionswithpotentialhazardsforconstructionvehiclesaccordingtorelevantrequirements.

2.2Operatingpersonnel

2.2.1Thesafetyandinductiontrainingofprojectmanagementandoperatingpersonnelshallmeetthefollowingrequirements:

1Theprincipaldirectorofprojectowner,themanagerandsafetymanagementpersonnelof

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constructionprojectshallbetrainedandassessedonworksafety,andshallnotgoondutywithoutqualificationapprovalbyrelevantadministrativeauthorities.

2Contractorshallorganizesafetytrainingforemployeesexceptprincipaldirectors,worksafety

managementpersonnelandspecialoperationspersonnel.

3Constructionoperatorswhochangetheirpostsintheirowncompaniesorreturntotheirex-postsafterleavingformorethanoneyearshallre-takesafetytrainingfromthecontractor.

4Contractorshallprovidesafetytrainingtonewemployeesandensurethattheyhavenecessaryknowledgeandskillsforsafeoperation,selfandmutualrescue,andemergencyresponsebeforestartingtheirduties.

5Whencontractorbringsinnewprocesses,technologies,equipmentsormaterials,itshall

providetargetededucationandtrainingonworksafetytooperaforsconcerned.

6Specialoperationspersonnelshallreceivespecialsafetytrainingandshallnotcommenceworkwithoutassessment.

7Theworksafetytrainingofsmallhydropowerstationsshallcoverthestation'sworksafetybriefingandbasicknowledge,therulesandregulationsofworksafetyandlabordiscipline,theworksafetyrightsandobligationsofemployees,relevantaccidentcases,emergencyrescuecases,emergencyplandrillsandpreventivemeasures.

2.2.2Withoutthepermissionofrelevantpersoninchargeoftechnologyandsafety,nooperatorshall

re-assignhisownworktoothers.

2.2.3Theinstallation,maintenanceandusageofspecialequipmentshallbedoneonlybyoperatorswithspecialequipmentoperationqualification.Electricalinstallation,commissioningandmaintenanceshallbedoneonlybyoperatorswithelectricaloperationqualification.

2.2.4Off-sitepersonnelshallkeepthemselvesawayfromtheoperatingrangeofworkingmechanicalequipmentsuchasexcavators,cranesorslings.Passageorstayunderhangingobjectsshallnotbeallowed,andstayorrestnotbeallowedeithenindangerousareassuchassteepslopes,highplacesandwateredges,rock-fallandcollapseareasandequipmentrunningpassageways.

2.2.5Inconstructionarea,allpeopleshallwalkonlyonallowableroads,payattentiontovariousdanger-warningsignsandsignals,strictlyabidebytrafficrules,andavoidanydangerousbehavioursuchasjumpingoutoforclimbingonarunningvehicle,hitchingaride,etc.

2.2.6Non-poststaffshallnotbeallowedtoenterelectricalsubstationsandswitchrooms,oxygenstations,coalgasstations,acetylenestations,aircompressorstations,generatorrooms,boilerrooms,oildepots,dangerousgoodswarehousesandotherkeylocationswithoutpermission.

2.2.7Mechanicalandelectricalequipmentoperatorsshallcomplywithequipmentoperationregulationsandnotleavetheirpostswhileequipmentisrunning.Whenleavingtheirposts,operatorsshallensureallmechanicalandelectricalequipmentinsafestate,whichshallbestoppedwithpowerCut

2.2.8Onconstructionsite,itismandatorytowearPPE(personalprotectiveequipment)suchasuniform,safetyshoesandsafetyhelmet,andproperlyuseprotectiveequipmentandtoolssuchassafetyropeandsafetybelt.Slippers,highheelsorbarefeetshallbestrictlyprohibited.

2.2.9Aerialoperatorsshalltakephysicalexaminationbeforegoingonduty.Peoplesufferingfromcertaindiseases,suchashypertension,heartdiseaseandacrophobiashallbeforbiddentoworkatheights.

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2.3Constructionsitepowersupply

2.3.1Constructionsitepowersupplyshallcomplywithcurrentnationalstandard,GB50194Codefor

SafelyofPowerSupplyandConsumptionforConstructionSite.

2.3.2Gummedwiresorflexiblecordsshallnotbeusedaspowersupplylinesonsite.Theselection

andqualityofhigh-voltagecablesshallbeinlinewithcurrentprofessronalstandard,DL/T401Guideto

theSelectionofHigh-VoltageCables.

2.3.3TheendswitchesofallelectricalappliancesshallbeequippedwithRCDs(residualcurrentdevices)thatmeetsafetyrequirements.On-sitepowerlinesandlightinglinesshallbeseparatedandmarkedasrequired.Lowvoltagelightinginsteadofiodide-tungstenlampsshallbeusedforlightingonscaffoldsandinsidesteelpipes.

2.3.4Powerlinesshallnottouchwetground,beclosetoheatsources,ordirectlybetiedtometal

componentswithoutanydamageorexposureoftheirinnercores.

2.3.5Powersupplyconnectionpermitsystemshallbestrictlyimplemented.Ifacontractorwantstoconnectthepowersupplyofotherelectricityowners,itshallgetpermitswithformalitiesfromelectricianteamorelectricianinchargeofpowerlines.Powersupplywiringshallbeconnectedatdesignatedpointandcarriedoutstrictlyinaccordancewiththesafetyregulationsofelectricianoperation.

2.4Installationandoperationofconstructionequipment

2.4.1Constructionequipmentshalllbeprovidedwithqualifiedcertificates,designdrawings,installationandmaintenanceinstructions,relevantsafetytechnicalstandardsandothermaterials,andcomplywiththeprovisionsofrelevantstandards.

2.4.2Equipmentshallbeinstalledbasedondesigndrawingsandinstructions,andnotbemodifiedwithouttheconsentofrelevantdesignandmanufacturingdepartments.

2.4.3Theassembly,welding,lifting,pipe-system,heatinsulation,corrosionprotection,electricalinstallationandwiringofconstructionequipmentshallcomplywithrelevantsafetytechnicaloperationprocedures.

2.4.4Equipmentoperatorsshallunderstandthebasicstructureandworkingprincipleoftarget

equipment,andbefamiliarwithitsperformance,specifications,maintenance,andsafetyoperation

procedures.Afterpassingexamination,operatorsshalltakeupthepostwithqualification.

2.4.5Allkindsofmechanicalmonitoringinstruments(suchasvoltmeter,ammeter,pressuregauge,thermometer,etc.)andsafetydevices(suchasbrakemechanism,variouslimiter,safetyvalve,lockingdevice,loadindicator,etc.)shallbecomplete,matching,sensitiveandreliable.

2.4.6Constructionequipmentshallnotrununderthetechnicalconditionswithmalfunctionorsafetyhazards,orbeyonditsnameplaterequirements.Timelychecking,repairingandmaintenanceoftheequipmentshallbedoneduringdowntime.

2.4.7Theuncoveredrotatingandtransmittingpartsofconstructionequipmentshallbeequippedwithprotectivedevices

2.4.8Dismantlementorinstallationplanshallbemadeandconstructionsafetymeasuresestablishedfortheinstallation,dismantlementofhoistingmachineryandintegralliftingscaffold,moldingboardsandotherjack-uperectionfacilities,whichshallbesubjecttotheon-sitesupervisionofprofessionaltechnician.

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2.4.9Safetytransportroutesshallbesetinadvancewhenlargetransportandconstructionmachineryvehiclesenterandexitconstructionsitewithpersonnelspeciallyassignedfortrafficcontrol.

2.4.10Theinstallationfoundationofheavyfacilitiesmustbestable.Mobileequipmentshallbeplacedonsolidsitewithsmoothsurface.

2.4.11Theinstallation,operationandmanagementoflargeconstructionmachineryandspecial

equipmentshallcomplywithcurrentprofessionalstandard,SL398GeneralTechnicalSpecificationfor

SafetyofHydraulicandHydroelectricEngineeringConstruction.

2.4.12Electricalequipmentshallbeinstalledandoperatedinaccordancewiththefollowing

requirements:

1Electricalequipment,componentsandlines,includinglightingandhand-heldelectrictools,

shallbewellinsulatedandprotectedagainstwaterandmoisture.

2Electricalcircuitsconnectedtoelectricmachineryshallbeequippedwithswitchesorsocketsaswellasprotectivedevices.

3Softrubbercablesshallbeusedinmobileelectricmachinery,strictlyfollowingtheprincipleof"onemachine,oneknifeswitch,oneRCDandoneswitchbox".

4Inplaceswithinflammableandexplosivegases,electricalequipmentandlinesshallmeettherequirementsofexplosionprotection.

5Inplaceswithalargeamountofsteamanddust,electricalequipmentandlinesshallmeetthe

requirementsofsealing,dustproofandmoistureproof.

6Electricheaters,iodinetungstenlamps,longarcxenonlampsandotherelectricalequipmentemittingalargeamountofheatshallnotbeinstallednearcombustiblematerials.Isolationandheatinsulationmeasuresshallbetakenwhennecessary.

2.5Protectionmeasuresforsafety

2.5.1Thereshallbespecialsafetytechnicalmeasuresfordangerousoperationssuchasblasting,constructiononhighslope,intunnel,onwater(orunderwater),andatheights,multi-layercrossconstruction,heavytransport,installationanddemolitionofheavyconstructionfacilitieswithpersonnelspeciallyassignedforsafetymonitoring.

2.5.2Thesafetyprotectionofworkatheightsshallcomplywiththefollowingrequirements:

1Beforeworkatheights,bentframes,scaffoldfloors,accessplatforms,berms,laddersandotherfacilitiesshallbeinspectedtomeetsafetyrequirements.Scaffoldplatformforworkatheightsshallbelaidwithfixedscaffoldfloorwithguardrailingsofnolessthan1.2minheightatthefreeedge.

2Beforehighslopeoperation,riskyrocksandunstablebodiesonslopeshallbecleared,and

protectivefacilitiespreparedaboveworkingsurface.

3Fordanglingoperationondamcrests,steepslopes,roofs,cliffs,poletowers,suspensionbridges,scaffoldsandotherdangerousedges,safetynetorguardrailingsmustbepreparedatfreeface.

4Safetynetshallbesetforworkatheightsnearedgeorfreeface.Themaximumheightofsafetynetfromworksurfaceshallnotexceed3.0m,anditshorizontallyprojectedwidthnotbelessthan2.0m.Safetynetshallbefirmlyfixedandraisedwithworksurface.

5Thefreeedgeofaccessplatformsatheightsmustbeequippedwithguardrailingswithtoe

boardatthelowerpartofguardrailings.

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6Protectiveshedsshallbesetupforthepartsthatmaybeaffectedbyfallingobjectsforworkatheights,multi-layerwork,tunnelexitandrunningequipment.Thematerialsandthicknessofprotectiveshedsshallmeetsafetyrequirements.

7Thesafetydevicesofelevator,gondola,liftandotherequipmentusedbyoperatorsatheights

shallbecomplete,sensitiveandreliable.

8Duringworkatheights,inflammableandexplosiveitemsbelowworkingsurfaceshallbeclearedwithcorrespondingmeasuresbeforehotworksuchaselectricwelding,gaswelding,etc.Fire-fightingequipmentshallbepreparedwithpersonnelspeciallyassignedformonitoring.

2.5.3Warningsignsshallbesetupatdangerousplacessuchaswells,holes,pits,ditchesandopeningsonconstructionsiteinaneasy-to-findmannerwithprotectiyemeasuressuchascoverplatesorfences.

2.5.4Constructionscaffoldshallcomplywiththefollowingrequirements:

1ConstructionscaffoldshallfollowthecurrentstandardsjnChina,JGJ128TechnicalCodefor

SafetyofFrameScaffoldingswithSteelTubulesinConstraction,JGJ130TechnicalCodeforSafetyofSteelTubularScaffoldwithCouplersinConstructionandGB50009LoadCodefortheDesignofBuildingStructures.

2Constructionscaffoldshallnotbeputintousewithoutinspectionandacceptance.Afteracceptance,dismantling,modificationorplate-addingwithoutsupporfshallnotbedoneatwill.Ifdismantlingandmodificationareneeded,technicalmeasuresshallbeformulated,reviewedandapprovedbeforeimplementation.

3Materialsstackedonscaffoldshallnotexceeddesignload,

2.5.5Safetybarriers(walls)shallbesetupatfreefacesuchastheedgeofvehicleroadonsteepslopeofclifforthefreeedgeofplatformworkingsurface.

2.5.6Ifthereareunfavorablegeologicalconditionsduringtunneloperation,supportmeasuresshallbetakenbasedonlocalgeologicalconditions,suchasprefabricatedsupportwithsteel,wood,concreteorshotcrete-boltsupport.

2.5.7ThegraphicsandcoloursofallsafetysignsonconstructionsiteshallfollowrelevantnationalregulationsinChina.

2.5.8Electricalequipmentshallbeprotectedbywaterproof,damp-proofandanti-creepdevicesandequippedwithrelayprotectiondevices.Highvoltageandotherspecialenvironmentshallbeisolatedwithsafetyfacilities.

2.5.9Duringworkatheights,safetyprotectionmeasuresshallbetakenaroundworkinglayer(surface)

withguardrailingsandsafetynets.

2.5.10Safetyprotectivegearsshallcomplywiththefollowingrequirements:

1Safetyprotectivegears,suchassafetyhelmets,safetybeltsandsafetynetsshallmeetnationalqualitystandardsinChinawithmanufacturer'ssafetyproductionlicense,productcertificateandsafetyappraisalcertificate

2Safetyprotectivegearsshallbeusedintherightandrequiredway,andshallnotbeusedbeyond

servicelife

3Safetyprotectivegearsshallnotbeusedforotherpurposes,andbecarefullykept.

4Inworkplacewheretoxicandharmfulgasmayleak,gasmasksshallbepreparedwithregular

checking,repairingandreplacement.

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5Electriciansshallselectappropriatesafetyelectricalappliancesandprotectiveequipmentaccordingtoworkconditions.Electricalappliancesshallmeetsafetytechnicalstandardsandbeinspectedregularly.

2.5.11Duringworkintunnels,shafts,inclinedshaftsandotherundergroundengineeringsites,itshallbeensuredtokeepthenormalrunningandregularmaintenanceofventilationanddrainagesystem.Ventilationanddrainagefacilitiesshallnotbeblockedordamaged.

2.6Firecontrol

2.6.1Allpartiesinvolvedinprojectconstructionshallbeclarifiedwiththeresponsibilitiesoffirecontroltoestablishfirecontrolmanagementsystemwithroutinefrreinspectiontoeliminatefirehazardsintime

2.6.2Correspondingfirecontrolapparatusandfacilitiesshallbesetupinconstructionareain

accordancewiththerelevantcurrentprovisionsinGB50720TechnicalCodeforFireSafetyof

ConstructionSite.Sundriesshallnotbepiledupnearfirecontrolapparatusandfacilities.

2.6.3Firecontrolapparatusshallbeproperlymanagedwithregularinspectionandtimelyreplacement

ofexpireditems.

2.6.4Basedontheneedsoffiresafetyinconstructionoperation,fireexitsandvariousfireproofsignsshallbereasonablyarranged.Meanwhile,fireexitsshallbekeptclear.

2.6.5Firepreventionmeasuresshallbetakenifopenflameandinflammablegoodsareusedin

constructionoperation.

2.6.6Firepreventionmeasuresshallbetakenandmanagementgystemsmadefortheprocurement,

transportation,storage,usageandrecoveryofinflammableandexplosivegoods.

2.7|Occupationalhealthandenvironmentalprotection

2.7.1Pollutioncontrolfacilitiesandoceupationalhazardcontrolfacilitiesshallbedesigned,

constructed,andputintoproductionanduseatthesametimeasconstructionproject.

2.7.2Thedietaryhygieneofoperatorsshallcomplywiththenationalfoodsafetystandards,anddrinkingwaterwithcurrentnationalstandardinChina,GB5749StandardsforDrinkingWater

Quality.

2.7.3Theenvironmentalhygieneofconstructionsiteshallcomplywithcurrentprofessionalstandard

inChina,JGJ146StandardforEnvironmentandSanitationofConstructionSite.Workplaceswhere

occupationalhazardgeneratedsuchasdust,noiseandtoxicantsshallbestrictlymanagedwithprotectivemeasuresforoperatorstopreventoccupationaldiseases.Atthesametime,theenvironmentshallbemonitored.Ifworkingenvironmentfactorsdonotsatisfystandards,theyshallbedisposedintime.

2.7.4Constructionandhouseholdwastesaswellasabandonedmaterialsshallbestackedinspecifiedareatoavoidenvironmentalpollution.Theirdisposalshallcomplywithrelevantregulationsofenviro