2023-2024学年译林版六年级下册英语Unit3《A healthy diet》知识梳理及巩固练习

2023-2024学年六年级下册英语知识梳理及巩固练习Unit3《Ahealthydiet》一、语音解析：字母组合ou在单词中一般发/aʊ/例如：loudlygroundmountainaroundshoutmousehouse拓展：字母组合ou还可以发①/u:/，如：group②/ʊ/，如：shouldwould二、重点单词四会healthy健康的diet饮食need需要三会cola可乐三、核心短语drinkalittlewater喝一点水havealotofrice吃许多米饭haveafeweggs吃几个鸡蛋haveahealthydiet有一个健康的饮食eatsomemeatandsomevegetables吃一些肉和蔬菜onlyeatalittlerice只吃一点米饭atatime一次getout出去havesomeporridge喝一些粥steamedbuns馒头；包子Westernpeople西方人havecerealandsausages吃麦片和香肠haveto不得不，必须gotothesupermarket去超市comewithme和我一起来takeasmallbottle拿一小瓶drinktoomuchcola喝太多可乐tooheavy太重havearest休息一下inyourmeals在你的膳食中begoodforyourbody对你的身体有益eatonlyalittlesweetfood只吃一点甜食四、重点句型1．Mikelikeseatingsweets,cakes,andicecream．知识点(1):复习eat用法用法：eat+可数名词复数/不可数名词eat+a/an+可数名词单数例：我喜欢吃鸡蛋。Ilikeeatingeggs．吃面条eatnoodles知识点(2):注意icecream用法用法：当icecream指的是成盒、成杯冰淇淋或独立包装的蛋卷冰淇淋，这时是可数的当icecream指的是从一大盒或一大桶冰激凌中盛出来的一部分，这时不可数例：我喜欢冰激凌。Ilikeicecream．请给我两个冰激凌。Twoicecreamsplease．2．Mikehassomebreadandmilkforbreakfast．注意：bread为不可数名词知识点：介词for用法用法：for在这里意为“作为，当”例：我带了一些面包作为午饭。Ibroughtsomebreadforlunch．拓展：带有for类的词组listentotheradiofornews,waitforsb,lookfor,belatefor,bringsomeforlunch,planforthesummerholiday,bebadfor,begoodfor,cheerforsb．,forlunchanddinner3．Forlunchanddinner,hehasalotofrice,somefishandsomemeat．注意：rice,fish,meat为不可数名词知识点：复习fish用法用法：当fish作“鱼肉”时，不可数；当fish作“鱼的条数”时，单复数同形例：河里有一些死鱼。Therearesomedeadfishintheriver．你想要吃一些鱼吗？Wouldyoulikesomefish?4．Forlunchanddinner,sheeatssomemeatandsomevegetables．注意：vegetable为可数名词5．Sheonlyeatsalittlerice．知识点：only用法用法：only放在句中，应该放在行为动词前面，be动词和情态动词之后。例：她只有5岁。Sheisonly5yearsold．我只吃一点甜食。Ionlyeatalittlesweetfood．6．Sheeatssomefruiteveryday．知识点：fruit用法用法：fruit不可数名词例：我喜欢吃水果。Ilikeeatingfruit．冰箱里有一些水果。Thereissomefruitinthefridge．7．have和eat区别相同：have,eat都表示“吃”不同：have常和三餐的名词连用，是及物动词eat常和具体的事物连用，也可单独使用例：那个女孩喜欢吃苹果。Thegirllikeseatingapples．我喜欢吃。Ilikeeating．别吃太多。对你没好处。Don’teattoomuch．It’sbadforyou．你早饭吃什么？Whatdoyouhaveforbreakfast?8．Ihavetogotothesupermarket．知识点：不得不做某事havetodosth例：睡前，你不得不刷牙。Youhavetobrushyourteethbeforebedtime．9．Samseessomedrinks．知识点：drink用法用法：drink作动词意为“喝”，drink作名词意为“饮料”，此时是可数名词注意：果汁是juice例：你想要些饮料吗？Wouldyoulikesomedrinks?10．Mum,canIhavesomecola?知识点：some用法用法：以下几种问句中，不能使用anyWouldyoulikesome…?Doyouwantsome…?CanIhavesome…?Canyougivemesome…?注意：Doyouhaveany…?例：你想要些咖啡吗？Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?你想要些果汁吗？Doyouwantsomejuice?我能要些冰激凌吗？CanIhavesomeicecream?你能给我些纸头吗？Canyougivemesomepaper?五、重点语法1．alotof,many,much,some,afew,alittle(1)alotof可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，意为“许多，大量”，等于many,much,lotsof等。例：他吃很多大米。Hehasalotofrice．杨玲早饭经常吃很多面条。YangLingoftenhasalotofnoodlesforbreakfast．在这里我有许多朋友。Ihavealotof/manyfriendshere．我弟弟每天吃许多肉。Mybrotherhasalotofmeateveryday．(2)many可以修饰可数名词的复数，意为“许多”，等于alotof例：教室里有许多学生。Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom．我有许多兴趣。Ihavemanyhabits．(3)much可以修饰不可数名词，意为“许多”，等于alotof例：冰箱里没有太多食物。Thereisnotmuchfoodinthefridge,你不应该喝太多可乐。Youshouldn’tdranktoomuchcola．(4)some可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，意为“一些”，表示数量不是很多例：午饭和晚饭，她吃些肉和蔬菜。Forlunchanddinner,sheeatssomemeatandsomevegetables．她每天吃些水果。Sheeatssomefruiteveryday．河里有一些鸭子。Therearesomeducksintheriver．杯子里有一些水。Thereissomewaterinthecup．(5)afew可以修饰可数名词的复数，意为“几个”，表示数量较少例：你可以每周吃几个鸡蛋。Youcanhaveafeweggseveryweek．我有几个朋友。Ihaveafewfriends．(6)alittle可以修饰不可数名词，意为“一点”例：他每天只吃一点甜食。Heeatsonlyalittlesweetfoodeveryday．瓶子里有一点水。Thereisalittlewaterinthebottle．2．小学阶段常见的不可数名词用法：不可数名词指不能以数目来计算的东西，它没有复数形式，同时它的前看不能加不定冠词a/an。食物类：fruit,rice,fish(鱼肉),soup,pudding,meat,bread,honey,food,tangyuan,chocolate,porridge饮料类：coffee,tea,juice,milk,water,cola其他：hair,fun,homework,weather,paper,news,air,smoke,rubbish,energy,coal,oil,wood,plastic,glass,fireworks,diet,rain3．名词变复数规则(1)一般情况下直接加s例：desk—desks,chair—chairs(2)以s,x,sh,ch结尾的，在词尾加es例：class—classes,box—boxes,peach—peaches(3)以”辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i，再加es例：city—cities,body—bodies(4)特殊：hero—heroes,mango—mangoes,potato—potatoes,tomato—tomatoes单复同形Chinese,Japanese,sheep,fish(鱼的条数)man—men,woman—women,foot—feet,tooth—teeth,child—children拓展：由2个名词构成的名词的复数(1)以man或woman为前缀的名词变复数，前后2个词都要变成复数形式例：womandoctor—womendoctors,manteacher—menteachers(2)若前缀不是man,woman，一般把后面的名词变成复数就可以了例：appletree—appletrees,plasticbag—plasticbags,boyfriend—boyfriends巩固练习一、选出与所给例词画线部分发音相同的选项。()1．colaA．noseB．fromC．hotD．orange()2．fewA．flewB．drewC．newD．chew()3．houseA．shouldB．shoutC．cousinD．young()4．healthyA．clothesB．threeC．withD．these()5．youngA．mouseB．aboutC．countryD．house二、根据首字母提示完成句子。1．It'sh________forchildrentoplayinthefresh(新鲜的)air．2．I'mtootired．Ineedtohavear________．3．Isthereenough(足够的)meatinyourd________?4．Ieatal________offruiteveryday．三、从方框中选择恰当的短语完成下列句子或对话（每个短语使用一次）somewatertakethebigbagahealthydietsweetfoodafeweggs1．Maryhas________________．Shedoesn'teattoomuch．2．Thereare________________onthetable．3．Weshouldn'teatalotof________________．4．--I'mthirsty,Dad．--Drink________________,please．5．--Canyouhelpme________________,LiuTao?--Sure,Mum．四、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1．Mymother________(notdo)anyhouseworkyesterday．2．--Wouldyoulike________(any)________(fish)?--Yes,please．3．Meatandmilk________(make)yourbodystrong．4．Vitamin________(keep)skinandhair________(health)．5．Lastweekthey________(noteat)crisps(炸薯片)．五、按要求完成句子。1．Colaisnotgoodforourhealth．(改为同义句)Cola________________forus．2．TheyoftenhavetomatoesonWednesdaysandThursdays．(改为否定句)They________________________tomatoesonWednesdays________Thursdays．3．Mikehassomebreadandmilkforbreakfast．(对画线部分提问)________________Mike________forbreakfast?4．Helooksstrong．(对画线部分提问)________________he________?5．Idrinkalittlejuiceaday．(对画线部分提问)________________juice________________drinkaday?六、根据上下文及首字母提示填空，完成对话。MrBrown:Jack,whatwouldyoulike________dinner?Jack:I'dlikeasandwichandalargebottleofcola．MrBrown:Youshouldn'tdrinktoo________cola．It'snotgoodforyou．Jack:OK,Dad．I'dlikeas________bottle．CanIhavesomes________food?MrBrown:Sure．Pleaseeatal________atat________．Jack:Allright．MrBrown:What________you,Alice?Alice:I'dlikesomerice,fishandalittlemeat．MrBrown:Wouldyoulikesomev________,mydear?They'reh________．Jack&Alice:Sure．七、用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thereisnot________(many)fruitinthefridge．2．Samseessome________(milk)inthefridge．3．There________(be)eightbagsofriceinthekitchenthismorning．4．Doyouhaveany________(sweet)?5．Herearesome________(bottle)of________(cola)foryou．6．Ridingahorseis________(interest)．I'm________(interest)init．7．Howcanwekeep________(health)?Weshouldeat________(health)．八、单项选择。()1．Iwillhavea________vegetablesanda________ricefordinnerthisevening．A．lot;littleB．few;lotC．little;fewD．few;little()2．Thereisn't________coffeeinthecup．A．someB．muchC．manyD．afew()3．Thereare________sheep________grassonthehill．A．little;eatB．alittle;eatingC．afew;eatingD．afew;eat()4．--Canyougotothefilmswithme?--________,butIhavetodomyhomeworkfirst．A．I'dlovetoB．That'sallrightC．Yes,IthinksoD．You'reright九、按要求完成句子。1．Hehasafeweggseveryweek．(对画线部分提问)_______________________________________________________________________________2．Myfathereatsafewpears．(对画线部分提问)_______________________________________________________________________________3．Ineedfourapples．(对画线部分提问)_______________________________________________________________________________4．SuYanghasahealthydiet．(改为一般疑问句)_______________________________________________________________________________5．Youshoulddrinkmuchjuice．(改为否定句)_______________________________________________________________________________十、根据上下文提示填空，补全对话。A:Whatfood________Helenlike?B:She________vegetablesandeggs．A:Doesshelike________juice?B:No,she________．Butshelikesmilk．A:________doesshehaveforbreakfast?B:She________somenoodlesandmilk．A:________sheeatanyfruiteveryday?B:Yes．She________ahealthydiet．参考答案一、选出与所给例词画线部分发音相同的选项。1．A解析：cola/əu/A．nose/əu/B．from/ɒ/C．hot/ɒ/D．orange/ɒ/2．C解析：few/ju:/A．flew/u:/B．drew/u:/C．new/ju:/D．chew/u:/3．B解析：house/au/A．should/u/B．shout/au/C．cousin/ʌ/D．young/ʌ/4．B解析：healthy/θ/A．clothes/ð/B．three/θ/C．with/ð/D．these/ð/5．C解析：young/ʌ/A．mouse/au/B．about/au/C．country/ʌ/D．house/au/二、根据首字母提示完成句子。1．healthy2．rest3．diet4．lot三、从方框中选择恰当的短语完成下列句子或对话1．ahealthydiet2．afeweggs3．sweetfood4．somewater5．takethebigbag四、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1．didn'tdo解析：根据时间状语yesterday可知时态为一般过去时，结合给出的单词提示notdo可知,要用didn'tdo来填空。句意:我妈妈昨天没有做家务。故答案为didn'tdo。2．somefish解析：句子表示邀请别人吃东西，期望得到对方的肯定回答，要使用some，且fish作鱼肉讲时为不可数名词，故用原形。3．make解析：主语为两种物品，且时态为一般现在时,故谓语动词用原形make。4．keeps;healthy解析：主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词要用keep的第三人称单数形式keeps，保持健康应该用形容词，所以用healthy。5．didn'teat解析：根据时间状语lastweek可知时态为一般过去时，结合给出的单词提示noteat，可知要用didn'teat来填空。五、按要求完成句子。1．isn'thealthy解析：原句句意：可乐对我们的健康不好。原句有名词health(健康)，故同义句也要体现该信息。所以将isnotgoodforourhealth转换为isn'thealthyforus,保留原句意思。2．don'toftenhave;or3．Whatdoes;have4．Howdoes;look解析：原句句意：他看上去强壮。对画