专业学位硕士研究生英语教程Unit-3词汇及课后答案(文档良心出品)可编辑

PAGEPAGE6Unit3LanguageLearningWordBankalign:v. tofallintoaline成一条线ambitious adj. fullofambition;greatly(desire->)desirous;eager;requiring;challenging雄心勃勃的bottleneck n.thenarrowpartofabottlenearthetop瓶颈(Certificate->)certify(=prove):v. toconfirm;(quantity<->quality->)qualify确认cohort:n. agroupofpeople一群人;acrowdofpeople;gang/bandconcrete:1.adj. actual;specific;real具体的;2.n.(cement)混凝土cosmopolitan:world;international:adj.世界的，国际的curriculum:n.coursesofferedbyaneducationalinstitution全部课程dual:adj.double成双的elementary(primary):adj.fundamental;basic基础的;chemical~化学元素;elementary(primary)school小学 enroll(enlist):v. toenterorregisterinaroll征兵，招生;enablesb.todosth.(execute->)executive:1.adj.carryingoutorexecuting;(administrate->)administrative;(manage->manager->)managerial执行的，行政的;2.首席执行(CEO)flagship :n. thechiefoneofarelatedgroup王牌，旗舰geometry:n.onebranchofmathematics几何学(immerse->)immersion:n.coveringwithwater;(submerge->)submergingit浸没;sub-/sup-:under,e.g.submarine潜水艇;(indicate=imply->implication)indicative:adj. suggestive指示性的，象征性的initiate: v.tobegin;start首创,开始jointly:adv. incommon;together共同地，联合地;joinin加入launch:v.tosetgoing;initiate发动，发射lottery:n.aselectionmadebylotfromanumberofapplicantsorcompetitors抓阄法，彩票；drawlots抽签notion:n.abelieforopinion思想，概念concept/ideapaste:v. toadhere粘贴pipeline:n. adirectchannel渠道，管道;smokeapipe抽烟斗placement:n.assignment;arrangement布置，编排；place=put；placementtest=streamingtest分班考试proponent:n.advocate(n./vt.);supporter倡导者;pro-:1.forward;2.officiallyrecruit:v.toenroll;toenlist征募，招收secondary:adj.notprimary;minor;lesser第二的，次等的;secondaryschool中专/中学;highschoolstint:n. task;limitation;restriction定额，限制(substance->)substantial:adj.material;trueorreal;ample(enough);(consider->)considerable物质的，真实的，相当多的asubstantialmeal丰盛的饭triangle:n. theplanefigureformedbyconnectingthreepoints三角形；tri-：underwrite:v.toassume(=takeresponsibility)financialresponsibilityfor同意承担的…费用(virtue->)virtually:adv. infact;practically;nearly;almost实际上，几乎；virtual：adj.1.虚拟的2.实际的3.道德的PhrasesandExpressionsbeinaposition:beableto能够;bereadytodosth./bewillingtodosth.;pose->posingpicturecomeby:togain;toacquire/get获得fromscratch:fromtheverybeginning从头开始，(givesb.ahand=)givesb.alegup:tohelpimprovethesituationof帮某人改善状况(respond->)inresponseto:inanswerto回应，响应takeoff:toachievewideuseorpopularity广泛使用，大受欢迎;puton<->takeoff.E.g.~one’sclothes;theplanewillsoon~.(ontheway#)underway:inoperation;inprogress进行中，启动;abridgeunderbuilding正在建设中的桥梁ReadingComprehensionI.Choosethebestforeachofthefollowing.1.ParisBuedeldoesallofthefollowingexcept __C___.A.takingbasketballlessons B.playingthepianoC.goingtoartclasses D.learningChinese2."Theoppositetrend"inPara.3probablymeansthat ___B__. A.AmericansbegintoopposeothercountriesB.AmericansbegintolearnlanguagesofothercountriesC.AmericanshaveinternationalcontentintheirlifeD.AmericansrealizetheusefulnessofMandarin3.AccordingtoThomasMatts __A___.A.hundredsofsecondaryschoolswereabletooffercoursesinChineselanguageandliteratureB.sincetheSovietUnionlaunchedSputnikpeoplehaven'tseenanyinterestinRussianC.advancedcurriculumandexaminChinesewererequiredD.peoplearehavingmoreinterestinChinesethanRussian4.MayorRichardDaleyofChicagosaid:"Ithinktherewillbetwolanguagesinthisworld.TherewillbeChineseandEnglish."Hiswordsimplythat __C___. A.ChineseandEnglishwillbetheonlylanguagesinthefutureB.ChinaandAmericawillbetheonlyimportantstatesinthefutureC.ChineseandEnglishwillbethemostimportantlanguagesinthefutureD.ChineseandEnglishwillmakeotherlanguagesextinct5.WhichofthefollowingistheobstructionofexpandingChineseinstructioninU.S.schools?(A)A.Itisdifficulttofindqualifiedteachersandteachingmaterials.B.ItishardtofindanactiveallyintheChinesegovernment.C.Chinesegovernmentdidn'thelpsponsortheChicagoprogramandnewAdvancedPlacementexam.D.ThereisnotanagreementonbuildingChineselanguageprogramsin2,000publicschoolsoverthenextfiveyears.II. Completethefollowing(sumup)summary(->summarize)ofthetextbyfillingintheblankswithwords.Theinitialletterofeachwordhasbeengiventoyou.ParisBuedel,atypicalAmerican8-year-old(boy),is(1)enrolledina"dualimmersion"programfordoinglessonsinbothEnglishandChinese.Theprogramisindicativeof(show)oneofthefastest-growing(2)curriculumtrendsinU.S.schools:thestudyofChinese.TheinterestinChineselanguageandculturehas(3)takenoffinthepastfewyears.ParentsandstudentsthinkthatlearningChinesemaygivethemaleguplaterinlifebecause(4)Mandarinisspokenbymorepeoplethananyotherlanguages,andtheyappreciatetheimportanceofChinainthe(5)globalculture,politicsandeconomy.TheprogramofstudyingChinesecanbefoundinprimary,secondaryschoolsandatcollegesanduniversitiesin(rural<->urban=)metropolitanareaslikeChicagoandinsometownslikeGlenwoodandChapelHill.However,thebiggest(6)obstacletoexpandingChineseinstructioninU.S.schoolsisfindingqualifiedteachers,forthefederalNoChildLeftBehindlegislationrequiresallteacherstobe(7)certified.Findingsuitableteachingmaterialsisanotherbottleneck.Theycan'tusematerialsfromChinabecausethecurriculumsarenot(8)aligned(=same).Despite(=Inspiteof)allthedifficulties,proponentsarefindinganactiveally(cooperation)intheChinesegovernment.Ithelps(9)underwrite(takeupsomeresponsibility)theprogramandnewAdvancedPlacementexamandhasanewagreementwiththeCollegeBoardtobuild(setup/establish)Chineselanguageprogramsin2,000publicschoolsoverthenextfiveyears.Moreover,theU.S.DepartmentofEducationandtheMinistryofEducationinBeijinghave(10)cooperatedtocreateChengo(实用汉语),anonlinegames-basedprogramforbeginningChinese.VocabularyI.Choosetheanswerthatbestcompleteseachsentence.1.Thomasholdsabelief(=believes)inthe___A__natureofreality.[believesb.相信某人的话；believeinsb.=trustsb.信赖某人;believeinsth.持有某种信仰]A.dual B.both C.either D.twin(孪生子)2.IthinkthattheChristianbaptism(洗礼)isbycomplete___B__ofthepersoninwater.A.(immense巨大的->)immensity B.immersion C.immorality不道德[immortal不朽]D.immaturity不成熟3.Manhasa(n)__B___needforloveand(nurture->)nurturing(养育).nurture<->educationA.easy B.elementary(=basic)C.submerging(没入) D.direct(adj.直接的;vt.指引方向)4.Thisbuildingrepresentsthepost-modernist__C___inarchitecture.(arch-/arc-:穹顶);bishop->archbishopA.mark B.trench壕沟/战壕 C.(social)trend趋势 D.(personal)tendency趋向5.OnecommonChinese__D___isthattheeldersoughttoberespected.[respect:vt./n.尊敬；respectable值得尊敬的；respectful毕恭毕敬的；respective各自的]A.notice B.idea C.(objectto)objection 反对 D.notion6.Thiswasthemoment(time)whenSpielberg's(job->)career(事业/生涯)really__D___.A.keptoff保持距离B.cutoff切断C.gotoff从…下来 D.tookoff开始/起飞7.Forlowincomefamilies,mortgages(抵押贷款)arehardto__A___.A.comeby (=get) B.comein C.comeback D.comeover8.Hewasappointed(任命)asthedirectorto__B___ateamofinvestigators.[invest投资]A.overlook忽略(vt.) B.supervise监督(vt.)C.check(n./vt.)支票/审查/监控 D.supply(vt./n.)供应9.Thecompany__C___thenewperfume(香水)withprime-timecommercials(commercialadvertisements)onthemajornetworks(网络).[beatone’sprimetime正当年]A.started B.began C.launched D.initiated10.You'llmeetthesamewordagainina__A___differentcontext(上下文/语境).A.slightly B.(delicate精巧的->delicacy美食)delicatelyC.lightly D.rarely=hardly,seldom/scarcely几乎不II.Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.underway inresponseto virtually ambitioussubstantial concrete proponent jointlyfromscratch initiate recruit beinapositiontoexecutive secondary paste1.Despite(Inspiteof)someslightrecovery,theworldeconomiccrisisisstill underway.2.Myhusbandholdsapositionasthe executivedirector(行政主管)ofadramatroupe(group剧团).3.Thecitywasvirtually paralyzedbythetransit(transportation运输)strike. 4.Hethenattempted(=tried)somethingmoreambitious,anovelof200,000words.5.Hestarted fromscratchwhenhecametoAmerica.6.MinistryofEducationintroduced(引进)moreflexible(灵活机动的)policyforcollegestorecruitminoritystudents.7.Buyingcarsinthesecond-handmarket,you areinapositiontobargain(makeabargain讨价还价).8.Thelawyerwasconfidenttowinthecase,forhehadtheconcreteevidenceneededtoconvict(vt.证明...有罪;n.罪犯).9.BarackObamawon2008presidentialelectionbyasubstantialmargin(=gap).10.The(price<->)prizewasgiventoayoungproponentonwomen'seducationinKenyaforhisworktoensure(makesurethat…/seetoitthat…确保…得以实现)therightsofcitizenshipofwomen.PartII TranslationPutthefollowingparagraphsintoChinese.Parisisenrolledina"dualimmersion"programattheGlenwoodElementarySchoolhereinwhichthepupils-halfnativeChinese,halfEnglishspeakers—dotheirlessonsintwolanguages.Theprogramisindicativeofoneofthefastest-growingcurriculumtrendsin"AmericansareusedtohearingaboutpeopleinothercountrieslearningEnglish.Nowwe'reseeingtheoppositetrend,"saidMichaelLevine,executivedirectoroftheAsiaSociety,whichpromotesinternationalcontentinU.S.schools."Parentsandstudentsaredecidingthat,sincemorepeoplespeakMandarinthananyotherlanguage,itmightbeausefulskilltohave."参考译文：帕里斯参加了格兰乌德小学的“双语浸入式”项目，这个项目里的学生有一半的母语是汉语，有一半是英语，他们用两种语言上课。从这个项目可以看出美国学校里发展最迅速的一门课程：汉语学习。“美国人习惯听到西他国家的人学习英语，现在我们看到了相反的趋势。”亚洲协会的执行会长迈克尔.莱温说，该组织在美国学校里推行国际教学内容，“父母和学生们认为既然说汉语的人比任何其它语言多，那掌握汉语可能是一项有用的技能。”ExerciseRewritethefollowingsentencesbyusingpassivevoice.1.Wemustpaymoreattentionto(tone->)intonationinlearningpronunciation.2.Hissuccessfulfightagainstinflationhadreinforcedhiscompetence(=ability)asaneconomist.3.Theyareusingsecure(safe/reliable)Internetconnectiontointensifyrelationswithsomeoftheirtradingpartners.4.Theadministrationhaskeptthecauseoftheincidenceofftheairintheradio.5.Theteacheralwaysmakes(forcesb.todosth.)thegirlanswermanydifficultquestionsinclass.6.Thesequestionswillarouse(唤醒)achallengetoestablishedattitudeofsuperioritytowardtheoutsideworld.[Abesuperior/inferiortoB]7.Wecannotexchange(alter->change)suchgoodswhichcustomershaveboughtduringthe(sell-sold-sold->)sale.8.Hisfathertooknonoticeof(paynoattentiontosb.)himbuthissistermademuchof(thinkshighlysb.对…评价很高)him.9.Afterthemeeting,bothmendescribedthis(negotiate->)negotiationasfrank,friendlyand(destructive<->)constructive.10.Wedidn'tbelievethathecouldhitthetarget.[aimat->shoot->hit<->miss]参考答案：1. Moreattentionmustbepaidtointonationinlearningpronunciation.2. Hiscompetenceasaneconomisthadbeenreinforcedbyhissuccessfulfightagainstinflation.3. SecureInternetconnectionisbeingusedtointensifyrelationswithsomeoftheirtradingpartners.4. Thecauseoftheincidencehasbeenkeptofftheairintheradiobytheadministration.5. Thegirlisalwaysmadetoanswermanydifficultquestionsinclass.6. Achallengewillbearousedtoestablishedattitudeofsuperioritytowardtheoutsideworld.7. Suchgoodswhichcustomershaveboughtduringthesalecannotbeexc