2024高考英语猜题含解析

第29页/共29页高考模拟检测卷（一）试题英语第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下--小题。每段对话仅读1遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A£19.5.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C.1.音频Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A.Washacar. B.Takeaflight. C.Buysomefood.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hurryup!MomandDadarewaitingoutsideinthecar.W:Justaminute.Iwilltakesomefoodwithus.Iamnotfondofthefoodontheplane.2.音频Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Postmanandcustomer. B.Touristandguide. C.Strangers.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme.Whereisthenearestpostoffice?Ineedtomailagifttomydaughter.M:I’mnotsure.I’matouristhere,soI’mnotquitefamiliarwiththearea.Butifyouwaitasecond,I’lljustlookonmysmartphone.3.音频Howmanyticketsforthetennisgamedotheyhaveintotal?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:James,DavidandIwillgotowatchthetennisgamethisevening.Doyouwanttocome?M:Great!Iknowmybrotherreallyenjoystennis.Canhejoinus?W:Well,I’mafraidIdon’thaveanextraticketforhim.4.音频Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?A.Theman’sjobinterview. B.Theman’smistake. C.Theman’sfuturecareer.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:I’msonervousandI’mafraidofdoingsomethingwrongintheinterview.W:Justtakeiteasy,Robert.I’msureeverythingwillbefine.M:Ihopeso.W:Whenyoumeettheboss,themostimportantthingistolookhimintheeyeandlistencarefully.5.音频Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?A.Shespendsmoneywisely. B.Sheneedn’tbuyanewlaptop. C.Sheiscarelesswithmoney.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Whydoyoulooksoupset?W:IwanttobuythelatestlaptopIsawinthedepartmentstore,butIdon’thaveenoughmoney.M:Well,ifyouhadplannedthespendingofyourmoneymorecarefully,youwouldbeabletobuyit.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答一下小题。音频6.Whydoesthewomanapologizetotheman?A.Forcancelinghertravelplanwithhim.B.Forpoorlypreparingfortheirtravel.C.Forputtingoffhermeeting.7.Whatwillthemanprobablydothisweekend?A.HelpLilywithherjob. B.GotoThailand. C.Cancelhisplan.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:Harry!I’mterriblysorry.M:Hi,Lily.What’sup?W:We’regoingtoThailandthisweek.ButI’mafraidIcan’tmakeit.M:Howcome?W:Ihaveareallyimportantmeetingtoattend,andIhavetoprepareforit.M:Thenwecangotherenextweekinstead.W:No,Idon’twanttoruinyourweekend.ButIcan’taffordtolosethejob.Ihopeyoucanforgiveme.M:OK,thenI’llgotherealone.Butit’sreallyapitythatyoucan’tcome.听下面一段较长对话，回答一下小题。音频8.Whatisthewomandoingnow?A.Bookingaplaneticket. B.Inquiringaboutinformation. C.Askingforabargain.9.WhenwillthewomanleaveforSanya?A.NextFriday. B.NextThursday. C.NextWednesday10.Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A.2,000yuan. B.1,800yuan. C.200yuan.【答案】8.A9.C10.B【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning.I’dliketobookaflightfromBeijingtoSanya.M:Isee.Whenareyoutraveling?W:I’dliketoflynextThursday.M:SothatwillbeJuly23rd.Right?W:Oh,I’msorry.It’sJuly22nd,nextWednesday.M:OK,July22nd.Isthatareturnjourneyorjustoneway?W:Oneway,please.I’mnotgoingtoflyback.I’mgoingtoflytoHongKongfromSanyanextFriday.M:OK.Thatwillbe2,000yuanplease.Wegivea10percentdiscountifyoupaybycreditcards.Sohowwouldyouliketopay:cash,checkorcreditcard?W:Creditcard,please.听下面一段较长对话，回答一下小题。音频11.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Ontheline. B.Inacar. C.Inanemergencyroom.12.What’stheemergency?A.Acaraccident. B.Anexplosion. C.Abigfire.13.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Givefirstaidtothepersonseriouslyinjured.B.Stayonthelineuntilthemedicalstaffarrives.C.Fetchfireextinguisherstoputoutthefire.【答案】11.A12.A13.B【解析】【原文】W:Emergencyoperator.Stateyouremergency.M:Weneedanambulancerightaway.W:Whatisyourname?M:Dirk.DirkHiddleston.W:Canyoutellmewhathappened?M:Therewasacaraccident.W:Whereareyou?M:I’mnotsure.IwasdrivinginmycarwhenIsawapileup.I’msomewhereonBlossomRoad.Canyoutracemylocation?W:Yes,we’lltrytodothat.Canyouseeifanyoneishurt?M:Oneofthedriversislyingonthegroundunconscious,andtheotheroneisbleeding.There’ssomeonetrappedinthebackofhercar,too.Weneedtorescueherbeforethecarexplodes!I’mgoingtoseeifIcanhelp.W:Sir,Ineedyoutostayontheline.I’msendinganambulancerightnow,andthey’llhavetheJawsofLifeandotherequipmenttodothejob.Themedicalstaffwillbethereverysoon.M:Okay,buthurry!听下面一段较长对话，回答一下小题。音频14.Whyisthemantired?A.Becausehehasbeenstudying.B.Becausehehasbeenatworkallday.C.Becausehehasbeentidyinguphisapartment.15.WhatisMarynow?A.AHarvardstudent. B.Abankclerk. C.Auniversityprofessor.16.Whatkindofpersonisthemanlookingfor?A.Atutor. B.Arepairman. C.Acleaner.17.Whatwillthewomanprobablydoaftertheconversation?A.Giveherfriendacall.B.Visittheman’snewapartment.C.Givethemanherfriend’snumber.【答案】14.C15.A16.B17.C【解析】【原文】W:Youlookabittired,Ted.M:Well,wejustmovedintoanewapartmentlastweekend.Andwe’vebeenunpackingandcleaning.W:Oh,thatcanbetiring.M:Yes,especiallysinceIworkallday,andMary’sinschoolfull-timenow.W:Doesn’tyourwifeworkatabank?M:Shedid,butshewasacceptedthisfallatHarvard,soshe’stakingsometimeofftogetamaster’sdegree.W:Goodforher.M:Bytheway,doyouknowofanyonewhodoesrepairwork?We’relookingforsomeonetorepairourkitchenandbathroom.Ihopethecostisreasonable.W:I’vegotafriendwhoisagoodrepairman.He’dbeabletodoasuperjobonyourapartment.M:Oh,I’dreallyliketotalktohim.W:I’mnotsureifhecandoitrightaway,though.ButIwillgiveyouhisnumber,andyoucangivehimacallyourself.M:Thanks.It’scertainlyworthatry,andifhecan’tdoithimself,hecanputmeintouchwithsomeonewhocan.听下面一段独白，回答一下小题。音频18.WhenwilltheStudentWelfareOfficeopentomorrow?A.Fromabout10amto3pm. B.Fromabout9amto8pm. C.Fromabout4pmto8pm.19.Whatbenefitcanstudentsgetwithuniversityidentitycards?A.Freetextbooks. B.Booksaleentry. C.Discountsatsomelocalshops.20.Whatdoesthespeakeradvisestudentstodo?A.Signupforthecookerycourse.B.Getbooksonthereadinglistready.C.Eatattheuniversitycanteen.【答案】18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Welcometoouruniversity.Hereissomeinformationthatmaybeusefultoyou.TheStudentWelfareOfficeisnormallyopenfrom4pmtill8pm,MondaytoFriday.Todayandtomorrow,itwillbeopenfromabout9am.Ifyouhaveanyproblems,theteachersandvolunteerstherewillhelpyou.Wealsogiveoutuniversityidentitycardsthatyouwillneedtojointhelibrary.Andtheywillallowyoutogetdiscountsatanumberoflocalshopsandplacesofentertainment,suchasclubsandcinemas.OnMondayandTuesdayofnextweek,second-yearstudentswillberunningabooksaleinthecanteenfrom10amto3pm.Manyofthebooksonyourfirst-yearreadinglistwillbeavailable.Theuniversitycanteenopensfrom7:30amto7:30pm,sellinghotmeals,fairlycheap.Thereisabasiccookerycoursestartingnextweek.Ifyoudon’tknowhowtoboilanegg,thisisforyou.It’salwaysfull,soIstronglysuggestthatyougetyournameonthelistintheWelfareOfficenow!第二部分阅读(共两节满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMyrtleBeach,offersplentyofgreatactivitiestohelpguestsfeelwelcome.EnjoyyourstaybybookingyouractivitiesthroughVacationsMadeEasy.Ripley’sAquariumForthosewhoareinterestedinmarinelife,thisisanawesomeplacetovisit.Guestswillbeabletoviewtheanimalsthatliveinthewater.Fromseaturtlestosharks,Ripley’sAquariumiseducational,fun,andsomethingyoudefinitelydonotwanttomissoutonduringyourvacation!WildlifePreserveWildlifepreserveoffersupsomeamazingconservationeffortsandtheabilitytoembarkuponasafari-styletour.Seeandlearnaboutbeautifulcreaturessuchaslions,tigers,bears,andmore!Therearesomanyuniqueanimalstosee.DolphinSightseeingTourEnjoyaseasideadventureunlikeanyotherthenexttimeyouvisit.Guestsareguaranteedtoseebeautifulwildanimalsanddolphinsintheirnaturalhabitats.Getoutonthewaterandexperiencesomeofthebestviewsandcreatememoriesduringyourvisit.PiratesVoyageWatchinaweastwocrewsofpiratesbattleitoutforhiddentreasurethroughfunperformancesandmore!PiratesVoyagefeaturessomeofthebesttheatricsintheareawithahugeindoorlake,talentedactors,andanunforgettabletime.Plus,guestscanalsocos-playaspirates.AnexcitingtimeinMyrtleBeachawaits!Togetmoreinformation,youcancontactusthrough.21.Whichactivityisdesignedforvisitorswhoareinterestedinseacreatures?A.Ripley’sAquarium. B.WildlifePreserve.C.Safari-styleTour. D.PiratesVoyage.22.Whatexperiencewillvisitorshavewhileenjoyingpiratesvoyage?A.Theywillactaspirates. B.Theywillbattlewithtwopirates.C.Theywillfindthehiddentreasure. D.Theywillwriteaplayaboutpirates.23.WhatdoWildlifePreserveandDolphinSightseeingTourhaveincommon?A.Visitorscanenjoymarinecreatures. B.Theybothofferwateractivities.C.Theybelongtosafari-styletour. D.Theycanseebeautifulwildanimals.【答案】21.A22.A23.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Myrtle海滩提供的四项活动的情况。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Ripley’sAquarium部分中“Forthosewhoareinterestedinmarinelife,thisisanawesomeplacetovisit.(对于那些对海洋生物感兴趣的人来说，这是一个很棒的地方)”可知，Ripley’sAquarium是为对海洋生物感兴趣的游客设计的。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Plus,guestscanalsocos-playaspirates.(此外，客人还可以扮演海盗)”可知，在海盗之旅中，游客将扮演海盗。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Seeandlearnaboutbeautifulcreaturessuchaslions,tigers,bears,andmore!Therearesomanyuniqueanimalstosee.(看看并了解一些美丽的生物，如狮子、老虎、熊等等！有很多独特的动物可以看)”以及第四段中“Guestsareguaranteedtoseebeautifulwildanimalsanddolphinsintheirnaturalhabitats.(游客被保证可以在自然栖息地看到美丽的野生动物和海豚)”可知，野生动物保护和海豚观光旅游的共同之处在于都能看到美丽的野生动物。故选D。BThefirsttimeIrealizedthatIhadaloveforsportscompetitionswasduringtheFieldDayinelementaryschool.Smallformyage,andmoreofabookwormthanasportsenthusiast,Ihadsufferedthatspecialhumiliationofbeingpickedlastforvariousgymteams.TheFieldDay,whichfocusedonindividualskills,wasdifferent.IntheSoftballThrowevent,Igotmyfirsttasteofsportingvictory.Creditgoestotheexampleofmyfirstcoach,myfather.Heliftedweightseverymorningathome.Heboughtusallbaseballglovesandhats,andinthewarmmonths,wespenthoursplayingcatch.Comefall,ourbackyardfootballgamesbeganwithpassingpractice.OnceIgottosixthgradeandswitchedtoprivateschool,ourentirestudentbodywasassignedtoeithertheRedortheWhiteteam.Throughouttheyear,wecompetedagainsteachotherinvariousgamesandexercisesforpoints.IeventuallybecamepresidentofTheCommitteeofGames,acceleratingmycompetitivefever.However,ingirls’sportsgamesatmyschool,Iwasnostar.Ialsoplayedonthefieldhockeyteamandthebasketballteam.Schoolsportsdidnotbleedintotheweekends,astheydotoday,butathome,playingtennis,skating,skiingandbikingweresimplynormalthingswedid.Duringbreaktime,magazineswerealsoquitepopularforusteens.Theseregularlyfeaturedarticlesonphysicalexercise.Somehow,mycollegeroommateandItookupthehabitofcompletingRoyalCanadianAirForce(RCAF)exerciseseveryday,apracticethatcontinuedintomymarriage,whenwehadnosparefundstousetojoinagym.So,thoughitshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundationevolvedinadulthoodintoasportsandfitnessfocus,consideredessentialevenonvacation.Istilllovereadingandthearts,too.AsfarasI’mconcerned,lifeistherichestwithmyfeetinbothworlds.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“humiliation”meaninParagraph1?A.responsibility. B.disappointment C.shame D.desire25.WhatdidtheauthorowehervictoryintheSoftballThroweventto?A.Heradvancedsportsoutfits. B.Herconfidenceinhersportsability.C.Thesportstalentinheritedfromherfather. D.Theguidanceandtrainingofferedbyherfather.26.Whathappenedaftertheauthorsteppedintoadulthood?A.Shegenerallyexercisedonweekends. B.ShejoinedRoyalCanadianAirForce.C.Shepreferredreadingtoexercising. D.Shemaintainedherloveforsports.27.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthearticle?A.Todescribehowherfatherbuiltherinterestinsports.B.Torecallherchildhoodmemoriesaboutsports.C.Toexpressherpassionforsportsandfitness.D.Toemphasizethebenefitsofphysicalexercise.【答案】24.C25.D26.D27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小热爱体育，并且在父亲的指导和培训下第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。就此，作者开始参与各种体育运动，并把这种对体育的热爱持续到了成年。【24题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Smallformyage,andmoreofabookwormthanasportsenthusiast,Ihadsufferedthatspecial（就我这个年纪来说，我很小，与其说是一个体育爱好者，不如说是一个书虫，我曾经历过那种特别的））”以及后文“ofbeingpickedlastforvariousgymteams(被选为不同健身队的最后一个)”可知，作者的身材矮小，与其说是一个体育爱好者，不如说是一个书虫，并且在各种体体队中，作者都是最后一个被选中的，这是一种羞辱。故画线词意思是“羞辱”。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“IntheSoftballThrowevent,Igotmyfirsttasteofsportingvictory.Creditgoestotheexampleofmyfirstcoach,myfather.Heliftedweightseverymorningathome.Heboughtusallbaseballglovesandhats,andinthewarmmonths,wespenthoursplayingcatch.Comefall,ourbackyardfootballgamesbeganwithpassingpractice.(在垒球比赛中，我第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。这要归功于我的第一位教练，我的父亲。他每天早上在家举重。他给我们所有人买棒球手套和棒球帽，在温暖的月份里，我们花几个小时玩接球游戏。到了秋天，我们的后院足球比赛从传球练习开始)”可知，作者把她在垒球比赛中的胜利归功于她父亲的指导和培训。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“So,thoughitshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundationevolvedinadulthoodintoasportsandfitnessfocus,consideredessentialevenonvacation.(因此，尽管这让我们的一些朋友感到震惊，但这种早期的基础在成年后演变成了一种专注于运动和健身的方式，甚至在度假时也被认为是必不可少的)”可知，作者成年后保持了对运动的热爱。故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“So,thoughitshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundationevolvedinadulthoodintoasportsandfitnessfocus,consideredessentialevenonvacation.(因此，尽管这让我们的一些朋友感到震惊，但这种早期的基础在成年后演变成了一种专注于运动和健身的方式，甚至在度假时也被认为是必不可少的)”结合文章讲述了作者从小热爱体育，并且在父亲的指导和培训下第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。就此，作者开始参与各种体育运动，并把这种对体育的热爱持续到了成年。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是表达她对运动和健身的热情。故选C。CNearlytwoyearsaftertheCOVID-19outbreak,ChinahasgrantedapprovaltoitsfirstantibodycombinationtreatmentforCOVID-19.AteamfromBriiBiosciences,TsinghuaUniversity,andthePeople’sHospitalofShenzhenhasaccomplishedthetaskin20months.Itwouldusuallytakes10years.“Itcanreducetherateofhospitalizationanddeathby80percent,”saidZhangLinqi,leaderoftheresearchteam.Thenewantibodydrugisimmediatelyeffectivewhenconductedintravenously(静脉注射).Moreover,thetreatmentcanprotectpeople,especiallythosewhosephysicalconditiondoesn’tallowvaccination,frombecominginfectedbyCOVID-19foraroundnineto12months,saidZhang.Howdoesitwork?Whenavirusinfectsacell,itreliesonanimportanttypeofprotein:thespikeproteinsonitssurface.Thespikeproteinsserveasakeytounlockingacell.Ifaviruscannotenteracell,itwillbedestroyedimmediately.Thejobofourantibodiesistoblockthevirusfromenteringcells.Soitstargetisveryprecise.Inaddition,thankstothecoordinationbetweenthetwoantibodies,itishighlyefficientanddurableincontrollingthevirus,accordingtoZhang.LabtestssuggestthattheantibodycombinationcanbeeffectiveagainstcommonCOVID-19variants,includingtheAlpha,Beta,Delta,LambdaandMu.TestingwiththenewerOmicronstrainisongoing.Thequalitiesofthenewdrugmakeitespeciallyusefulforhigh-riskgroups,suchasfrontlinemedicalworkersandpeoplewhoarenotsuitableforvaccinationduetovariouspossiblehealthproblems.Thenewdrugisexpectedtocometothemarketsoon,butit’snotcheap.That’sbecauseoflimitedproduction.Also,ittypicallymustbeadministeredintravenouslyinahospitalsetting.NotingthatChinahasusedscienceandtechnologytofightCOVID-19sincethebeginningoftheoutbreak,Zhangsaid:“Scienceisthecoretosolvingtheissue.Sciencehasshownitspowerinallsectors,frommedicaltreatment,medicineandvaccinedevelopmenttopreventionandcontrolmeasures.”28.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewdrug?A.Itcanremainactiveinhumanbodiesfor20months.B.It’sunsuitableforpeoplewithunderlyinghealthproblems.C.ItprovestobeeffectiveagainstCOVID-19variantsalone.D.Itpromisesan80percentreducedriskofdeath.29.Howdoesthedrugwork?A.Bygettingridofcellsinfectedwiththevirus.B.Bypreventingthevirusfromattackingcells.C.Byassistingthespikeproteinsinunlockingcells.D.Bytargetingspikeproteinsonthesurfaceofcells.30.Whatisadisadvantageofthedrug?A.Ithassomesideeffects. B.Itsingredientsarestillinlimitedsupply.C.Noteveryonecanaffordit. D.Onlyhigh-riskgroupscanhaveaccesstoit.31.WhatistheZhangLinqi’sattitudetowardsscienceandtechnologyinfightingCOVID-19?A.Supportive. B.Ambiguous. C.Indifferent. D.Negative.【答案】28.D29.B30.C31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国研发了对抗新冠肺炎的新药，承诺降低80%的死亡风险。文章介绍了这种药的工作原理以及适用人群等情况。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中““Itcanreducetherateofhospitalizationanddeathby80percent,”saidZhangLinqi,leaderoftheresearchteam.(该研究团队的负责人张林琪表示：“它可以降低80%的住院率和死亡率。”)”可知，新药承诺降低80%的死亡风险。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thejobofourantibodiesistoblockthevirusfromenteringcells.Soitstargetisveryprecise.(抗体的作用是阻止病毒进入细胞。所以它的目标非常精确)”可知，药物通过阻止病毒攻击细胞起作用。故选B。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thenewdrugisexpectedtocometothemarketsoon,butit’snotcheap.(这种新药有望很快上市，但价格不菲)”可知，这种药的缺点是不是每个人都买得起。故选C。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“NotingthatChinahasusedscienceandtechnologytofightCOVID-19sincethebeginningoftheoutbreak,Zhangsaid:“Scienceisthecoretosolvingtheissue.Sciencehasshownitspowerinallsectors,frommedicaltreatment,medicineandvaccinedevelopmenttopreventionandcontrolmeasures.”(张表示，疫情发生以来，中国一直在用科学技术抗击新冠肺炎。他说：“科学是解决问题的核心。从医疗、药物、疫苗研发到防控措施，科学在各个领域都显示出了力量。”)”可推知，张琳琪对新冠肺炎科技的态度是支持的。故选A。DClimatechangehasbeenalong-standingissuethatcontinuouslydrivesscientiststofindgreen,sustainablefuels.Theuniverse’smostabundantelement,hydrogen(氢),hasdrawntheirattentionandisnowonitswaytobecomingthefutureofgreenfuel.Morethan$150billionworthofgreenhydrogenprojectswereannouncedgloballyin2020,accordingtoReuters.Airbus,aEuropeanmultinationalaerospacecorporation,hastakentheleadinthenewsustainablefuelindustry.Ithasdesignedself-containedhydrogenfuelcellpodsthatcanbeattachedtotheundersideofairplanewings,promotingtheuseofhydrogenfuelforlong-distanceflights,whichaimtoachievezeroemissions.Thecompanyplanstolaunchhydrogen-poweredaircraftin2035,accordingtoDailyMail.Comparedtofossilfuels,hydrogenisamuchmoreeco-friendlyfuel.Whenhydrogenburns,theonlyby-productiswater.However,thetraditionalwaytogethydrogenfromnaturalgasorcoalgeneratesconsiderablecarbonemissions.Thegreenestwayistoobtainhydrogenfromwaterusingelectrolysis(电解)poweredbyrenewableenergy,althoughthisprocessrequiressomuchelectricitythatitisquiteexpensive.Thekeytomakinghydrogencompetitivewithfossilfuelsistolowertheproductioncosttounder$1.50.Thiswouldrequireloweringaround50percentofrenewablepowercostsand75percentofelectrolyzercosts,accordingtoAustralia’srenewableenergyagency.Also,shippingliquidhydrogenischallenging,giventhatneedstobechilledto-253Ctodoso.Japan’sKawasakiHeavyIndustriesissettocompletetheconstructionoftheworld’sfirstliquefiedhydrogencarrierbyearly2021.AccordingtoReuters,mostoftheworld’sbighydrogenexportprojectsarelookingtoshiphydrogenintheformofliquidammonia(氨),whichcanbechangedtohydrogenandneedstobechilledtoonly-33C.Withmoreandmorecountriesaimingtocutdowncarbonemissionstosolvetheissueofglobalwarming,greenhydrogenwillhelpdecarbonizingindustriesthatcan’tbeelectrifiedhitthetargets.“Wecouldusethesecircumstances,whereloadsofpublicmoneyaregoingtobeneededintotheenergysystem,tojumpforwardtowardsahydrogeneconomy,”saidDiederikSamsom,whoheadstheEuropeanCommission’sclimatecabinet.32.Whatisthestrengthofthehydrogenfuel?A.Itworksveryefficiently. B.Itisconvenienttostore.C.Itisenvironmentallyfriendly. D.Itproducesnoby-product.33.Whatisthechallengewhenshippingliquidhydrogen?A.Theexpensivecostofshipping. B.Therequiredtemperature.C.Theconstructionofliquefiedcarriers. D.Changingittotheformofliquidammonia.34.Inwhichindustriesdoesgreenhydrogenbenefitfor?A.Thosepoweredbyfossilfuels. B.Thosegeneratingelectricity.C.Thosefundedbypublicmoney. D.Thosemakinghydrogen.35.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.FuelingaGreenFuture B.LivingaGreenLife.C.ShippingLiquidHydrogen D.MakingHydrogenCompetitive【答案】32.C33.B34.A35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍为了降低碳排放，减缓全球气候变暖的趋势，广大科学家将目光聚焦在绿色的氢气能源上，并阐述了氢气作为能源的运输条件及发展前景。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Ithasdesignedself-containedhydrogenfuelcellpodsthatcanbeattachedtotheundersideofairplanewings,promotingtheuseofhydrogenfuelforlong-distanceflights,whichaimtoachievezeroemissions.(它已经设计研发了一款内含氢的燃料电池舱，将其置于飞机机翼的下方，以此实现零碳排放的目标)”可知，燃料电池舱的主要优点就在于环保。故选C。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Also,shippingliquidhydrogenischallenging,giventhatneedstobechilledto-253℃todoso.(此外，运输液氢也很有挑战性，因为液氢需要冷却到-253℃)”可知，液态氢气的运输需要先将其冷却至超低温。故选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Withmoreandmorecountriesaimingtocutdowncarbonemissionstosolvetheissueofglobalwarming,greenhydrogenwillhelpdecarbonizingindustriesthatcan’tbeelectrifiedhitthetargets.(随着越来越多的国家致力于减少碳排放来解决全球变暖问题，绿色氢气将帮助那些无法实现电气化的脱碳产业实现目标)”可知，绿色氢可以让以化石燃料为动力的行业受益。故选A。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Climatechangehasbeenalong-standingissuethatcontinuouslydrivesscientiststofindgreen,sustainablefuels.Theuniverse’smostabundantelement,hydrogen(氢),hasdrawntheirattentionandisnowonitswaytobecomingthefutureofgreenfuel.(气候变化一直是一个长期存在的问题，不断驱使科学家寻找绿色、可持续的燃料。宇宙中最丰富的元素——氢，已经引起了他们的注意，现在它正在成为未来的绿色燃料)”结合文章主要介绍为了降低碳排放，减缓全球气候变暖的趋势，广大科学家将目光聚焦在绿色的氢气能源上，并阐述了氢气作为能源的运输条件及发展前景。可知，A选项“推动绿色未来”最符合文章标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。StudentstogetmoresleepWhenyouralarmclockringsandyoudragyourselfoutofbed,youprobablywonder:WhyonEarthdoesschoolhavetostartsoearly?____36____AlawinCalifornia,passedonOct13,requiresthatpublicmiddleschoolsbeginclassesnoearlierthan8:00amandthathighschoolsstartnoearlierthan8:30am.ThelawwillgointoeffectbyJuly1,2022.Startingschoolat8:00or8:30inthemorningmaynotsoundliketoobigofachange.____37____“Theeffectofthatonehourissomethingtheywillbefeelingas40-year-oldadults,”SumitBhargava,asleepexpertatStanfordUniversity,toldTheNewYorkTimes.____38____Somemightsaythaturgingstudentstogotobedearliercouldhavebeenamucheasiersolutionthanchangingtheschooltimetableacrossanentirestate.ButaccordingtotheAmericanAcademyofSleepMedicine,teenagersgothroughbiologicalchangeswhentheyenteradolescence.____39____Sowhenschoolstartsat8:00orearlier,theycanhardlygettheideal8.5—9.5hoursofsleepthatexpertssuggesttheyneedtodotheirbestinthedaytime.____40____Intheshortrun,students’schoolperformancesshouldimproveimmediately.KylaWahlstrom,aresearcher,foundthatstudentswhohaveenoughsleeparemorealertinclassandgetbettergrades.Thisiswhywhenthenewlawcameout,itsauthor,AnthonyPortantino,said,“Generationsofchildrenwillcometoappreciatethishistoricdayandourgovernorfortakingbraveaction.”A.Studentscanbenefitalotfrommoresleep.B.Fortunately,thereisanewlawtobackyouup.C.Herearesometipstohelpyousolvethisproblem.D.Butitcouldmeanonemorehourofsleepforstudents.E.Regularsleepingscheduleisdefinitelygoodforstudents.F.Nothavingenoughsleepcanincreasetheriskofobesityanddiabetes.G.It’sdifficultforthemtofallasleepbefore11:00pmduringthatperiod.【答案】36.B37.D38.F39.G40.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了加州通过了一项法律来保障学生的充足睡眠，文章介绍了睡眠不足对学生造成的不良影响。【36题详解】根据上文“Whenyouralarmclockringsandyoudragyourselfoutofbed,youprobablywonder:WhyonEarthdoesschoolhavetostartsoearly?(当你的闹钟响了，你把自己从床上拖起来时，你可能会想：到底为什么学校要这么早上课？)”以及下一段第一句“AlawinCalifornia,passedonOct13,requiresthatpublicmiddleschoolsbeginclassesnoearlierthan8:00amandthathighschoolsstartnoearlierthan8:30am.(10月13日，加州通过了一项法律，要求公立中学的上课时间不得早于8:00，高中不得早于8:30)”可知，本句旨在引出后文的新法律，B选项中anewlaw对应后文中Alaw。故B选项“幸运的是，有一项新法律支持你”符合语境，故选B。【37题详解】根据上文“AlawinCalifornia,passedonOct13,requiresthatpublicmiddleschoolsbeginclassesnoearlierthan8:00amandthathighschoolsstartnoearlierthan8:30am.ThelawwillgointoeffectbyJuly1,2022.Startingschoolat8:00or8:30inthemorningmaynotsoundliketoobigofachange.(10月13日，加州通过了一项法律，要求公立中学的上课时间不得早于8:00，高中不得早于8:30。该法律将于2022年7月1日生效。早上8点或8点半开始上学听起来并不是一个太大的改变)”可知，上文介绍了这一法律的具体内容和生效日期，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明这一法律对学生的影响。故D选项“但这可能意味着学生们多睡一个小时”符合语境，故选D。【38题详解】根据上文““Theeffectofthatonehourissomethingtheywillbefeelingas40-year-oldadults,”SumitBhargava,asleepexpertatStanfordUniversity,toldTheNewYorkTimes.(斯坦福大学睡眠专家苏密特·巴尔加瓦在接受《纽约时报》采访时表示：“这一小时的影响是他们40岁时的感受。”)”可知，上文提到了一小时睡眠可以影响40岁时的感受，可知本句是在说明睡眠不足导致的问题，故F选项“睡眠不足会增加肥胖和糖尿病的风险”符合语境，故选F。【39题详解】根据上文“ButaccordingtotheAmericanAcademyofSleepMedicine,teenagersgothroughbiologicalchangeswhentheyenteradolescence.(但根据美国睡眠医学学会的说法，青少年在进入青春期时会经历生理变化)”以及后文“Sowhenschoolstartsat8:00orearlier,theycanhardlygettheideal8.5—9.5hoursofsleepthatexpertssuggesttheyneedtodotheirbestinthedaytime.(因此，当学校在8点或更早的时候开始上课时，他们很难得到专家建议的理想的8.5到9.5小时的睡眠，而白天他们需要做到最好)”可知，后文说明学生的睡眠不足，故本句承接上文说明青春期经