2024高考英语押题卷含解析

第23页/共23页太高考模拟检测卷（一）试题英语第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节(共15小题，每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AVisitingtheMetMastersandMasterpieces:ChineseArtfromtheFlorenceandHerbertIrvingCollection(January30—June5)AnoutstandingselectionofChineseartgiftedtotheMetbyFlorenceandHerbertIrvingisthefocusofthisexhibition.Beginningintheearly1970s,theIrvingsbuiltoneofthemostcomprehensivecollectionsofChineseartintheworld.Theapproximately120worksondisplaycoveralmostallmajorcategoriesofChineseart.P.S.Art2021(January23—June5)P.S.ArtisanannualcelebrationofachievementintheartsinNewYorkCitypublicschools.Thisexhibitionshowcasesthecreativityof152prekindergartenthroughgrade12studentsfromallfiveboroughs.BaseballCardsfromtheCollectionofJeffersonR.Burdick(June3—November22)TheBurdickcollectionofbaseballcardstellsthehistoryofpopularprintmakingintheUnitedStates,In1947,JeffersonR.BurdickbegantogiveawayhisbaseballcardstotheMet.Thisexhibitionfeaturesoveronehundredcardsproducedbetweenthe1880sandthe1950s.RelativeValues:TheCostofArtintheNorthernRenaissance(January23—August7)Bringingtogethersixty-twomasterpiecesofsixteenth-centurynorthernEuropeanartfromtheMetcollectionandoneimportantloan,thisexhibitioncentersaroundquestionsofhistoricalworth,exploringrelativevaluesystemsintheRenaissanceera.OpenSunday—Tuesday,andThursday:10:00—17:00FridayandSaturday:10:00—21:00ClosedWednesdayClosedThanksgivingDay,December25,January1,andthefirstMondayinMay.Tickets$25foradults;$17forseniors;$12forstudents;freeforchildrenunder12.1.Whatdo“MastersandMasterpieces”and“BaseballCards”haveincommon?A.Theyendinthesamemonth. B.Theyfocusonthesametheme.C.Theygettheirexhibitsforfree. D.Theyhavethesamenumberofexhibits.2.Whichexhibitionsuitsthosewhofavorstudents’works?A.MastersandMasterpieces. B.P.S.Art2021.C.BaseballCards. D.RelativeValues.3.WhencanyouattendanexhibitionintheMet?A.10:00—17:00Saturday. B.18:00—21:00Thursday.C.18:00—21:00Tuesday. D.10:00—17:00Wednesday.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了美国大都会博物馆的四个艺术展。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据MastersandMasterpieces部分的“AnoutstandingselectionofChineseartgiftedtotheMetbyFlorenceandHerbertIrving(Florence和HerbertIrving赠予大都会博物馆的杰出中国艺术品)”及BaseballCards部分的“JeffersonR.BurdickbegantogiveawayhisbaseballcardstotheMet(JeffersonR.Burdick开始把他的棒球卡送给大都会博物馆)”可知，这两个艺术展的展品都是由私人捐赠的。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据P.S.Art2021部分的“Thisexhibitionshowcasesthecreativityof152prekindergartenthroughgrade12students(这次展览展示了152名学前班到12年级的学生的创造力)”可知，本次展览展示了152名学龄前儿童至12年级学生的创造力，故适合那些喜欢学生作品的人参观。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Open部分的“FridayandSaturday:10:00—21:00(周五、周六：10:00——21:00)”可知，周六的开放时间是10:00—21:00，故选A。BWhenplumbing(水暖设备)makesfunnynoises,it’snotalwaysagoodsign.ButJohnKovac,aharpist(竖琴演奏者)fromVirginia,likesthepipestosing.Hethinksplumbingpipesmakegoodmusicalinstruments.Kovachasmadestandardharpsoutofwoodformorethan20years.Hesayshefeelsexcitedwhenhecreatesaninstrument

withhishandsandusesittomakemusiccomealive.Butittakesyearsoftrainingandspecialtoolstomakea

traditional

musicalinstrument.Kovacwantedtosharethejoyofmakinginstruments

withpeoplewhomightnothavethetimeormoneytodoit.Sohedecidedtofindaneasierway.Plumbingwastheanswer.KovacfoundPVCpipesatalocalstore.PVCpipesarethewhitetubingthatmanyplumbersuse.Youmightfindsomeinyourhouseunderasinkorinthebasement.KovacsaysthatPVCpipesaregreatformaking

instrumentsbecausetheyare

inexpensive,comeinmanyshapesandsizes,andfittogetherperfectly.Kovacmakesharps,guitars,violins,anddrumsoutofPVCpipes.Healsomakesuncommoninstruments

liketheudufromNigeria.Hisinstruments

maylookasiftheycomefromouterspace,buttheyreallywork.HeandsomeofhismusicstudentsandfriendsevenstartedabandcalledtheEastCoastPVCBand.SallySeabrightisaviolinteacherwhoplaysthePVCviolinwiththeband.Atfirst,theroundedshapeofthePVCviolinmadeitdifficulttoholdbetweenherchinandshoulder,butKovacmadeaslightchangebyaddingapiecethatfitsperfectlyunderherchin.Thatkindofadaptability

iswhatKovacadmiresaboutPVC.Hesays,“Iknowit’snoteasyfortheaveragepersontomakeamusicalinstrument,butIhopetoenableanyonewhohaseverdreamedofmakingaviolin,harp,orguitartofulfillhisorherdreams.”4.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowinparagraph2?A.Thegreathardshipsofbeingaharpist.B.Thedifferentinstruments

Kovachascreated.C.Theprocessofmakingamusicalinstrument.D.ThereasonKovaccameupwithhiscreativeidea.5.WhyhavePVCpipeswonKovac’sfavor?A.Theyareenvironmentally

friendly.B.Theyarehighlyavailableandadaptable.C.Theycanmakebettersoundsthanwood.D.Theyofferasellingpointforhisinstruments.6.WhatcanbelearnedaboutthePVCinstruments

fromparagraph4?A.Theyareabitdifficulttoholdforplayers.B.Theyareveryunusualinthewaytheylook.C.Theyareinspiredbyouterspaceelements.D.Theyaredesignedtoplaytraditional

music.7.WhydoestheauthormentionSallySeabrightinthelastparagraph?A.ToexplainKovac’sdream.B.ToshowthestrengthofPVC.C.Todescribehispassionformusic.D.TointroducetheEastCoastPVCBand.【答案】4.D5.B6.B7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科瓦奇利用PVC管制作乐器的原因和它的优势所在。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Kovacwantedtosharethejoyofmakinginstrumentswithpeoplewhomightnothavethetimeormoneytodoit.Sohedecidedtofindaneasierway.(科瓦奇想与那些可能没有时间或金钱来制作乐器的人分享制作乐器的乐趣。所以他决定找一个更简单的方法。)”可推断，作者在第二段主要介绍科瓦奇产生创意的原因。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“KovacsaysthatPVCpipesaregreatformakinginstrumentsbecausetheyareinexpensive,comeinmanyshapesandsizes,andfittogetherperfectly.(科瓦奇说，PVC管是制造乐器的好材料，因为它们便宜，形状和尺寸多种多样，而且完美地结合在一起。)”可知，PVC管赢得了科瓦奇的青睐是因为它们的可用性和适应性很强。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“HealsomakesuncommoninstrumentsliketheudufromNigeria.Hisinstrumentsmaylookasiftheycomefromouterspace,buttheyreallywork.(他还制作一些罕见的乐器，比如来自尼日利亚的udu。他的器械看起来像是来自外太空，但它们确实有效。)”可知，PVC器械的样子看起来很不寻常。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Atfirst,theroundedshapeofthePVCviolinmadeitdifficulttoholdbetweenherchinandshoulder,butKovacmadeaslightchangebyaddingapiecethatfitsperfectlyunderherchin.ThatkindofadaptabilityiswhatKovacadmiresaboutPVC.(起初，PVC小提琴的圆形形状让她很难把它放在下巴和肩膀之间，但科瓦奇做了一个细微的改变，在她的下巴下添加了一个完美的部件。这种适应性正是科瓦克欣赏PVC的地方。)”可推断，作者在最后一段提到SallySeabright，是为了展示PVC的具有很强适应性的优势。故选B。CAhomeownerinMassachusettshadasurprisevisitorthatcamedownthechimney(烟囱)...anditwasn’tSanta.Abarredowl(横斑林鸮)wassittinginthefireplaceinahomeinthecityofBolton,staringatthehomeowner.Notsurehowtodealwiththebird,thehomeownercalledMassWildlife.“Thisindividualwasverycalmandwesimplyreachedin,gentlygrabbedit,andplaceditintheanimalcarrier,”MassWildlifeCentralDistrictManagerToddOlanyksays.Beforereleasingtheowl,Olanykexaminedthebirdforinjuriesandfoundnone.“Itwasreleasedjustoutsidethehousewhereitwasfound,”hesays.WildlifeexpertssaybarredowlsmayfindchimneysenticingduringthistimeofyearbecausetheybeginlayingeggsfromFebruarythroughMay.Sincetheydon’tbuildtheirownnests,theylookforholes.MassWildlifehasalsoreceivedsimilarreportsofthishappeningwithotherbirds.Tohelppreventwildanimalslikebirdsandbatsfromenteringyourhome,MassWildlifesuggestsplacingametalcapwithascreenonyourchimney.Chimneysaren’ttheonlyplacesthatposeadangertobirdsandotherwildlife.Accordingtoa2014study,27%ofthemorethan100uncappedbollards(路桩)haddeadbirdsinsidethem.Bollardsareusedfortrafficcontrolorbuildingsecurity.They’reusuallycappedbutinthiscase,manyofthesepostswereleftopen.Theyalsolookedat88openpipesusedasgatepostsand11%containeddeadbirds.Inanotherstudyonanearbyhighway,14%oftheopenpipeshaddeadbirds.“Thebirdslikelyinvestigatetheopenpipeasapotentialnestingsite,andonceinsidetheycannotclimbthesmoothmetalorextendtheirwingstoflyout.Alternatively,birdsmayattempttolandontheuprightopenpipesandthenfallin,”theresearcherswrote.8.WhatdidOlanykfindabouttheowl?A.Itlookedanxious. B.Itwaslookingforababy.C.Itwasingoodshape. D.Itmisseditsowner.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enticing”inparagraph3mean?A.Narrow. B.Attractive. C.Choking. D.Confusing.10.WhichmeasurewouldMassWildlifeagreewithtoprotectbirds?A.Makinglargecarriers. B.Cleaningchimneysregularly.C.Fixingcamerasonbollards. D.Placingcapsonopenpipes.11.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Totellastory. B.Tointroduceabird.C.Toanalyzeaphenomenon. D.Toadvertiseanorganization.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了马萨诸塞州的一户人家迎来了一位不速之客——横斑林鸮。文章从意外闯入烟囱的横斑林鸮入手，分析了鸟为什么会飞到烟囱、路桩及管道里，并陈述了MassWildlife提出的建议。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thisindividualwasverycalm(这只鸟非常冷静)”和“Olanykexaminedthebirdforinjuriesandfoundnone(奥兰尼克检查了这只鸟的伤势，没有发现任何损伤)”可知，这只横斑林鸮非常镇静，也没有受伤，状况良好。故选C。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后的“becausetheybeginlayingeggsfromFebruarythroughMay.Sincetheydon’tbuildtheirownnests,theylookforholes(因为它们从2月到5月开始产卵。因为它们不自己筑巢，所以它们会找洞)”可知，横斑林鸮不筑巢，而是找洞去孵蛋。故此推断烟囱对它们有“吸引力”。enticing意为“有吸引力的”。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Theyalsolookedat88openpipesusedasgatepostsand11%containeddeadbirds.Inanotherstudyonanearbyhighway,14%oftheopenpipeshaddeadbirds.(他们还观察了88个用作门柱的开放管道，11%的管道里有死鸟。在附近高速公路的另一项研究中，14%的开放管道有鸟类死亡。)”可知，这些路桩和管道是开口的，再结合第三段中的“MassWildlifesuggestsplacingametalcapwithascreenonyourchimney(MassWildlife建议在你的烟囱上放一个带屏幕的金属盖子)”可推知，在开口的管子上安装盖子可以防止鸟进入。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。本文从意外闯入烟囱的横斑林鸮入手，分析了鸟为什么会飞到烟囱、路桩及管道里，并陈述了MassWildlife提出的建议。由此可推知，文章的写作目的是为了分析一个现象。故选C。DHowmightarchitectureaidinsolvingthehousingcrisisandhelpbuildamoresustainablefuture?In2019,3DprintingcompanyWASPandMarioCucinellaArchitects(MCA)revealedtheirconcepttodesignthefirst3Dprintedhousemadeentirelyfromclay.Today,thejointproject,knownasTECLA,isfinallycompleteandondisplaynearBologna,Italy.Overthepastfewyears,anumberof3Dprintedhomesandcommunitieshavebeenconceptualized.Whilepreviousstructuresweremadefromconcreteorplastic,TECLAwasbuiltfromsoilfoundatthesitemixedwithwater,fibersfromricehusks(壳)andabinder(粘合剂),thelastofwhichislessthan5%ofthetotalvolume.Printingwithclaydoeshaveitsweaknesses.It’samuchslowerprocessthanquick-dryingconcrete—thedesigncanbeprintedin200hoursbuttheclaymixturecantakeweekstodry,dependingonclimate,anditalsohasheightlimitations.Buildinghomesfromearth,Cucinellapointedout,isnotnew.“Thechallengewasreallyusinganoldmaterialinthehistoryofarchitecturewithnewtechnologytofindanewshapeofahouse,”Cucinellasaid.Tothatend,theCraneWASPprintersmixedwaterwiththelocalearth,andthenprintedthe60-square-meterTECLAmodellayerbylayer.Thedesignfeaturestwocircularspacesjoinedtogetherwithskylights,invitingfullnaturallightinside.Theresidenceincludesalivingarea,abedroomandbathroom.Itsfurniture,includingtablesandchairs,canalsobeprintedusingWASP’smachinery,whilecomponentslikedoorsandwindowswerefixedpost-printing.TheideabehindTECLAisn’tnecessarilytocopythesamehomeforanyenvironment,buttoadjustthedesignbasedonthelocation.“Wearenotproducingonetypeofhousethatyoucanprintanduseeverywhere,becauseit’sdifferentifyoudesignahouseinthenorthofItaly,orinthemiddleofAfrica,”Cucinellaexplained.“Thehouserespondstodifferentclimates.”Additionally,thebuildingprocesscanbeeasilytaughtandwidelyused.12.Whatisthedisadvantageofprintingwithclay?A.3Dprintersarecostly. B.Clayisnotstrongenough.C.It’snoteasytomixricehuskswithclay. D.Ittakesalongtimetodrythemixture.13.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTECLA?A.Itisair-conditioned. B.Itisthefirst3Dprintedhouse.C.Itisfullyequipped. D.Itadoptsasolarheatingsystem.14.WhatisthesignificanceofTECLA?A.Itadaptstodifferentclimates. B.Itlimitstheheightofbuildings.C.Itusesfewbindersinprinting. D.Itcanbemovedwithouteffort.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Thechallengesfor3DprintingB.Isthis3Dprintedhomethefutureofhousing?C.Thewaystorenew3DprintingmachineryD.Canwesimplifytheinstructionson3Dprinting?【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了3D打印房屋的优势和发展前景。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Printingwithclaydoeshaveitsweaknesses.It’samuchslowerprocessthanquick-dryingconcrete—thedesigncanbeprintedin200hoursbuttheclaymixturecantakeweekstodry,dependingonclimate,anditalsohasheightlimitations.(用粘土印刷确实有它的弱点。这是一个比快干混凝土慢得多的过程——设计可以在200小时内打印出来，但粘土混合物可能需要数周时间才能干燥，这取决于气候，而且它也有高度限制。)”可知，粘土印刷的缺点是需要很长时间来干燥混合物。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theresidenceincludesalivingarea,abedroomandbathroom.Itsfurniture,includingtablesandchairs,canalsobeprintedusingWASP’smachinery,whilecomponentslikedoorsandwindowswerefixedpost-printing.(住宅包括一个起居区、一间卧室和一间浴室。包括桌椅在内的家具也可以使用WASP的机器进行打印，而门和窗等部件则是在打印后进行固定的。)”可知，TECLA模型房子设备齐全。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thehouserespondstodifferentclimates.(房子能适应不同的气候。)”可知，TECLA的重要性是它能适应不同的气候。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Howmightarchitectureaidinsolvingthehousingcrisisandhelpbuildamoresustainablefuture?(建筑如何帮助解决住房危机，帮助建设一个更可持续的未来?)”以及下文讲述的是3D打印房屋的优势，可知，文章主要探讨的是3D打印房屋是未来的住房这一前景问题。所以“Isthis3Dprintedhomethefutureofhousing?(3D打印房屋是未来的住房吗?)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whetheryou’reinhighschoolorcollege,classeswillbeoverinafewshortmonths.Ifyou’dliketoworkthissummer,haveyoustartedlookingforajob?Ifnot,now’sthetimetosearchforpositions,filloutapplications,andgetyourselfhired.Togettheprocessstarted,followourtipsbelow.Makeorupdateyourresume.Evenifpotentialpositionsrequireyoutosubmitanapplication,somemayalsoaskforan

accompanying

resume.____16____Youcanalsousefreeonlinetoolstoeasilycreatearesumeinminutes.Lookahead.____17____Thinkforwardtoyourhopesforthefuture,andtrytofindapositionthatmighthelpyoudeveloprelevantskillsormakehelpfulcontacts.Dropby.Ifthere’sacertainplacewhereyou’reinterestedinworking,putonanappropriate

outfit(装束),getyourresumeinhand,anddropby.____18____Bereadytogiveyour30-secondspeechthatanswerstwoquestions:“Whydoyouwanttoworkhere?”and“WhyshouldIhireyou?”____19____Youmightneedtoprovide

references

toapotentialemployer,sochatwithformerbosses,currentmentors(导师),andanyoneelseyouwanttoincludeonyourlist.Remember,it’simportanttogetstartedonthesummerjobsearchnow,assomanyotherswillbelookingforseasonalwork.____20____Keeplookingfor

opportunities,usingyournetworks,andthinkingcreatively.Soonyou’llhavesomethinglineduptokeepyoubusyandearnyoumoneyforthesummermonths.A.Getyourreferences

linedup.B.Asktospeakwiththemanager.C.Contactformeremployersimmediately.D.Whatdoyouwanttodoafteryougraduatefromcollege?E.Itmightmakesenseforyoutostayinyourcollegetownorcity.F.Dropbythecareerservicesofficeatyourschoolforresumehelp.G.Anddon’tget

discouraged

ifyoucan’tfindsomethingimmediately.【答案】16.F17.D18.B19.A20.G【解析】【导语】本文一篇说明文，介绍了几点假期找工作的建议。【16题详解】根据空后“Youcanalsousefreeonlinetoolstoeasilycreatearesumeinminutes.（你也可以用网上免费的软件，简单地在几分钟内做一份简历。）”可知，空后提出了制作简历的方法，且根据本句的also可知，本空也应介绍制作简历的方法，故F项“去学校的就业服务办公室询问如何制作简历”符合语境，可以去学校就业办公室询问制作简历的方法，也可以用网上的免费软件制作一个，故选F项。【17题详解】根据空后“Thinkforwardtoyourhopesforthefuture,andtrytofindapositionthatmighthelpyoudeveloprelevantskillsormakehelpfulcontacts.（想想你对未来的期望，然后找一个能帮助你培养相关技能或提供帮助的职业。）”可知，空后提出寻找的职业要符合自己对未来的期望，并且对其相关技能有所帮助，故D项“毕业后你想干什么呢？”符合语境，本空提出疑问，空后解答要根据自己对未来的期望来选择职业，且能培养相关技能，故选D项。【18题详解】根据空前“Ifthere’sacertainplacewhereyou’reinterestedinworking,putonanappropriateoutfit(装束),getyourresumeinhand,anddropby.（如果有一份你感兴趣的职位，穿上正装，拿上简历，前往那个公司。）”以及空后“Bereadytogiveyour30-secondspeechthatanswerstwoquestions:“Whydoyouwanttoworkhere?”and“WhyshouldIhireyou?”（准备好30秒的演讲，内容主要关于“你为什么想要在此工作”以及“我们为什么要选择雇佣你”这两个问题。）”可知，空前提到感兴趣的话，就去公司，空后说明去公司的目的，毛遂自荐，故B项“要求与经理见面”符合语境，去公司要求见经理，向经理毛遂自荐，回答问题，故选B项。【19题详解】根据空后“Youmightneedtoprovidereferencestoapotentialemployer,sochatwithformerbosses,currentmentors(导师),andanyoneelseyouwanttoincludeonyourlist.（你也许需要为潜在老板提供推荐信，因此与之前的老板和现在的导师以及任何你想要列入名单的人聊天。）”可知，空后提出要为潜在的老板提供推荐信，因此要与之前的老板和导师聊天，让他们为你写推荐信，故A项“准备好你的推荐信”符合语境，本空提出要准备推荐信，空后提出如何得到推荐信，故选A项。【20题详解】根据空后“Keeplookingforopportunities,usingyournetworks,andthinkingcreatively.Soonyou’llhavesomethinglineduptokeepyoubusyandearnyoumoneyforthesummermonths.（要不断寻找机会，利用你的人际关系，创造性的思维。很快你就会有事情让你忙起来，在假期挣钱。）”可知，空后是G项“如果你不能马上就找到工作，也不要气馁”的顺义承接，即使不能马上就找到工作，也不要感到气馁，要一直坚持寻找，最终你会让自己忙起来的，故选G项。第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分55分）第一节（共20小题：每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。InLauraIngallsWilder’sautobiographyTheseHappyGoldenYears,Lauraspendsherweekdaysboardingwithapoorfamilywhileteachinginaschool.Onthe____21____,shegoeshometoMaandPa.Inonescene,sheidentifiesamajor____22____betweenthetwohomes:herownfamilysaysgoodmorningwhiletheotherdoesn’t.“Laurahadnever____23____beforethatsaying‘goodmorning’madethemorninggood,”shewritesinherbook.____24____Ilivemorethan130yearslaterafterthebookwaspublished,here’sthething:it’sstill____25____!Manyyearsago,whenIwent____26____intheGrandCanyon,Irealizedit’shikers’etiquette(礼节)tosaygoodmorningtoeverypersonyou____27____.It’ssuchacheerfulthingtodo:onthisentireplanet,youandI____28____tofindourselvestogetheratthisonespot.SoIbroughtthe____29____homewithme.WhenIraninthepark,whoeverpassedinthe_____30_____directiongota“goodmorning”.Peoplewere_____31_____atfirst,butafterafewweeks,theystarted_____32_____.Infact,Isawoneguyonmystreetso_____33_____thatIsometimessaidgoodmorningtohimwhenitwasdawn.He_____34_____saidgoodmorningbacktome,andwe_____35_____.Becausethat’swhat_____36_____do!Afewweeksago,whilewewerewalkingourdog,mydaughter_____37_____thatanyonewepassedonourblockgota“goodmorning”,andwhenweturnedontoanavenuethegreetingcontinuedbut_____38_____abrief“hi”.Ididn’trealizethat,butIwas_____39_____shedid.AndIhopeshetakesthehabitofgreetingwithher_____40_____shegoes.21.A.streets B.phone C.journey D.weekends22.A.conflict B.contest C.boundary D.difference23.A.noticed B.admitted C.believed D.mentioned24.A.until B.since C.while D.because25.A.easy B.true C.strange D.simple26.A.hiking B.diving C.camping D.hunting27.A.follow B.encounter C.consult D.interview28.A.hesitate B.pretend C.happen D.desire29.A.practice B.memory C.trouble D.wealth30.A.exact B.wrong C.opposite D.original31.A.excited B.surprised C.relieved D.disappointed32.A.competing B.appearing C.interrupting D.responding33.A.often B.soon C.long D.well34.A.fortunately B.honestly C.delightedly D.precisely35.A.cheered B.argued C.sighed D.smiled36.A.neighbors B.friends C.relatives D.customers37.A.imagined B.readout C.expected D.pointedout38.A.addedto B.switchedto C.returnedto D.lookedto39.A.sorry B.confident C.glad D.sure40.A.whatever B.wherever C.whichever D.whenever【答案】21.D22.D23.A24.C25.B26.A27.B28.C29.A30.C31.B32.D33.A34.C35.D36.A37.D38.B39.C40.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过读书和徒步旅行，意识到说“早安”的意义，并且作者希望自己的女儿也能养成和他人打招呼的习惯。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：周末，她回家见爸爸妈妈。A.streets街；B.phone手机；C.journey旅行；D.weekends周末。根据上文“Lauraspendsherweekdaysboardingwithapoorfamilywhileteachinginaschool”可知，Laura在工作日期间住在寄宿家庭。故推知Laura周末时可以回家，故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个场景中，她发现了两个家庭之间的主要不同：她自己的家人会说早上好，而另一个则没有。A.conflict冲突；B.contest比赛；C.boundary边界；D.difference不同。根据下文“herownfamilysaysgoodmorningwhiletheotherdoesn’t.”可知，Laura的家庭会说早上好，而寄宿家庭不会这样。此处描述的是两个家庭的不同，故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在书中写道：“Laura以前从未注意到‘早上好’这句话会让早晨变得美好”。A.noticed注意到；B.admitted承认；C.believed相信；D.mentioned提到。根据上文“Inonescene,sheidentifiesamajor____2____betweenthetwohomes:herownfamilysaysgoodmorningwhiletheotherdoesn’t.”可知，Laura在寄宿家庭居住时才意识到两家的不同，故推知之前Laura没有意识到说“早上好”的意义，故选A。【24题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我生活在这本书出版的130多年后，但事情是：它仍然是真的！A.until直到；B.since既然；C.while虽然；D.because因为。根据下文“Irealizedit’shikers’etiquette(礼节)tosaygoodmorningtoeverypersonyou____7____.It’ssuchacheerfulthingtodo”可知，作者和Laura一样，都认为和他人说早上好是一件让人愉快的事情。故推知此句是转折关系，表示“虽然作者生活在书出版的130年后，但是说早安会让早晨变得美好的确是真的”故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我生活在这本书出版的130多年后，但事情是：它仍然是真的！A.easy容易的；B.true真的；C.strange奇怪的；D.simple简单的。根据上文““Laurahadnever____3____beforethatsaying‘goodmorning’madethemorninggood,”shewritesinherbook.”及下文“Irealizedit’shikers’etiquette(礼节)tosaygoodmorningtoeverypersonyou____7____.It’ssuchacheerfulthingtodo”可知，作者认为和他人说早上好是一件让人愉快的事情，故推知作者认为“说早上好可以使早晨变得美好”是真的，故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多年前，当我在大峡谷徒步旅行时，我意识到徒步旅行者的礼节是：对你偶遇到的每个人说早安。A.hiking徒步旅行；B.diving潜水；C.camping野营；D.hunting打猎。根据下文“Irealizedit’shikers’etiquette(礼节)tosaygoodmorningtoeverypersonyou____7____.”可知，作者遇到徒步旅行者，故推知作者在徒步旅行，故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多年前，当我在大峡谷徒步旅行时，我意识到徒步旅行者的礼节是：对你偶遇到的每个人说早安。A.follow跟从；B.encounter偶遇；C.consult咨询；D.interview采访。根据上文“Irealizedit’shikers’etiquette(礼节)tosaygoodmorningtoeveryperson”和常识可知，徒步旅行者可能会在路上偶遇某个人。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一件非常愉快的事情：在整个星球上，你和我碰巧发现自己都在这个地方。A.hesitate犹豫；B.pretend假装；C.happen碰巧；D.desire渴望。根据上文“Irealizedit’shikers’etiquette(礼节)tosaygoodmorningtoeverypersonyou____7____.”可知，徒步者和每一个偶遇到的人都说早安，故推知他们是碰巧偶遇到的，故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我把这个习惯带回家了。A.practice习惯；B.memory记忆；C.trouble麻烦；D.wealth财富。根据上文“Irealizedit’shikers’etiquette(礼节)tosaygoodmorningtoeverypersonyou____7____.It’ssuchacheerfulthingtodo”可知，作者认为徒步者与陌生人说早安是一件让人开心的事。故推知作者把“和他人说早安”这个习惯带回家，故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我在公园里跑步时，无论谁从对面的方向经过，都会得到一句“早上好”。A.exact精确的；B.wrong错误的；C.opposite相反的，对面的；D.original原来的。根据下文“direction”及“gota“goodmorning””可知，此处描述的是作者跑步时，和迎面而来的人说早安。所以此处指从对面方向来的人，故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初人们很惊讶，但几周后，他们开始做出回应。A.excited兴奋的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.relieved宽慰的；D.disappointed失望的。根据上文“SoIbroughtthe____9____homewithme.”可知，作者把旅途中看到的“和他人说早安”习惯带回家，家附近的人并没有和他人说早安的习惯，所以当作者和他们说早安时，人们感到惊讶。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初人们很惊讶，但几周后，他们开始做出回应。A.competing竞争；B.appearing出现；C.interrupting插嘴；D.responding回答，回应。根据上文“SoIbroughtthe____9____homewithme.”及“Peoplewere____11____atfirst”及“butafterafewweeks”可知，作者把旅途中看到的“和他人说早安”习惯带回家，家附近的人并没有和他人说早安的习惯，所以当作者和他们说早安时，人们感到惊讶。but表示转折，故推知人们一开始感到惊讶，几周之后人们开始做出回应。故选D。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我经常在街上看到一个人，以至于我有时会在黎明时分对他说早安。A.often经常；B.soon马上；C.long长期地；D.well好。根据下文“Isometimessaidgoodmorningtohimwhenitwasdawn.He____14____saidgoodmorningbacktome,andwe____15____.”可知，作者和这个人总是互道早安，故推知两人经常在街上遇到，故选A。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他高兴地对我说了早上好，我们都笑了。A.fortunately幸运地；B.honestly诚实地；C.delightedly高兴地；D.precisely准确地。根据上文“Irealizedit’shikers’etiquette(礼节)tosaygoodmorningtoeverypersonyou____7____.It’ssuchacheerfulthingtodo”及“Isawoneguyonmystreetso____13____thatIsometimessaidgoodmorningtohimwhenitwasdawn.”可知，作者认为和他人说早安是一件让人高兴的事情，并且作者经常和这个人互道早安，故推知两人都很开心，故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他高兴地对我说了早上好，我们都笑了。A.cheered喝彩；B.argued争论；C.sighed叹气；D.smiled微笑。根据上文“Irealizedit’shikers’etiquette(礼节)tosaygoodmorningtoeverypersonyou____7____.It’ssuchacheerfulthingtodo”及“Isawoneguyonmystreetso____13____thatIsometimessaidgoodmorningtohimwhenitwasdawn.”可知，作者认为和他人说早安是一件让人高兴的事情，并且作者经常和这个人互道早安，故推知两人都很开心，所以两人都笑了。故选D。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为那是邻居们所做的事！A.neighbors邻居；B.friends朋友；C.relatives亲戚；D.customers顾客。根据下文“Afewweeksago,whilewewerewalkingourdog,mydaughter____17____thatanyonewepassedonourblockgota“goodmorning””可知，作者街区的人都互道早安，故推知互相说早上好是邻居们常做的事，故选A。【37题详解】考查动词及动词短语辨析。句意：几周前，当我们遛狗时，我的女儿指出：在我们街区，经过的任何人都得到了一个“早上好”；当我们转向一条大道时，问候声继续，但变成简短的“嗨”。A.imagined想象；B.readout读；C.expected期待；D.pointedout指出。根据下文“anyonewepassedonourblockgota“goodmorning”,andwhenweturnedontoanavenuethegreetingcontinuedbut____18____abrief“hi”.”可知，此处描述的是作者的街区和其他地方打招呼方式的不同，这是由作者的女儿“指出”的，故选D。【38题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：几周前，当我们遛狗时，我的女儿指出：在我们街区，经过的任何人都得到了一个“早上好”；当我们转向一条大道时，问候声继续，但变成简短的“嗨”。A.addedto添加；B.switchedto改变；C.returnedto返回；D.lookedto考虑。根据上文“anyonewepassedonourblockgota“goodmorning””及下文“abrief“hi”可知，在作者的街区，人们用“早安”打招呼；而到了大道上，人们改用“嗨”打招呼。此处描述的是打招呼方式的改变，故选B。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我没有意识到这一点，但我很高兴她做到了。A.sorry歉疚的；B.confident自信的；C.glad高兴的；D.sure确定的。根据下文“AndIhopeshetakesthehabitofgreetingwithher____20____shegoes.”可知，作者希望女儿能养成“说早安”打招呼的习惯，故推知作者对“说早安”打招呼持积极的态度，所以作者很高兴看到女儿意识到自己街区打招呼方式（说早安）与其他地方的不同，故选C。【40题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我希望她养成无论走到哪里都打招呼的习惯。A.whatever无论什么；B.wherever无论哪里；C.whichever无论哪个；D.whenever无论何时。根据下文“shegoes”可知，设空处的连词在从句中作地点状语，故推知作者希望不论女儿走到哪里，都能养成打招呼的习惯。故选B。第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Theplumtree(梅树)isnativetoChina,mainlygrowinginSuzhou,ShanghaiandHangzhou,withthebiggestplumgardeninWuxi.Theplumtree____41____(normal)flowersinlatewinterduringJanuaryandFebruarywhenthelandispaleincolor.ItisregardedasoneoftheThreeFriendsofWinteralong____42____thebambooandthepinetree(松树).Becauseitsflowersemergebeforeitsleavesand____43____takesalongtimetocomeintoflower,thetree,oftenshownwithacrane(仙鹤),____44____(link)withlonglife.Theplumtreecangrowto4-10meterstallanditsflowersinbrightcolorsofred,pinkandyellowhavearefreshingsmell.TheplumflowerhaslongbeenrecommendedasoneofChina’s____45____(nation)flowers,thesymbolofstrengthandhumblenesswiththecourage____46____(stand)againsttheundesirabletrends.Andaboveall,itisamessenger(报信者)for