新课标高中英语选修6第三单元测评试卷

阶段测评(三)时间120分钟，总分值150分第一局部听力(共两节，总分值30分)第一节(共5小题；每题1.5分，总分值7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatisthewoman'stelephonenumber?A．7842144. B．8714244.C．7824144.2．Whatprobablyistheman'sjob?A．Busdriver.B．Departmentstoresalesperson.C．Postofficeclerk.3．Whatwillmostprobablyhappen?A．Itwillrain.B．Itwillbefine.C．Thesunwillcomeout.4．Whowasinjured?A．Jerry'swife.B．Jerry'sfather－in－law.C．Jerry'sfather.5．Whenwillthemoviestart?A．At6∶30.B．At5∶30.C．At6∶00.第二节(共15小题；每题1.5分，总分值22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，答复第6至8题。6．Whichsizedoesthewomanwant?A．Size4. B．Size6.C．Size10.7．Howmanycolorsdoestheskijacketcomein?A．4. B．5.C．6.8．Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthejacket?A．It'stooexpensive.B．It'stoobig.C．Shedoesn'tlikethecolors.听第7段材料，答复第9至11题。9．Whydoesn'tthemanlikewatchingplays?A．Becausetheyareexpensive.B．Becausetheyarenotwellwritten.C．Becausethetheatreistoofaraway.10．Whatdoesthemanlike?A．Noisymusic. B．Lovestories.C．Reading.11．Whatwillthetwospeakersdointheafternoon?A．Gotothelibrary.B．Gotoaconcert.C．Gotothecinema.听第8段材料，答复第12至14题。12．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Teacherandstudent.B．Doctorandpatient.C．Husbandandwife.13．What'sthewomandoing?A．Sheispacking.B．Sheisquarrellingwithhermother－in－law.C．Sheispreparingsupper.14．Whereisshegoing?A．Toahotel. B．Toherparents'.C．Toherfriend's.听第9段材料，答复第15至16题。15．Whathasmadeworkingathomepossible?A．Communicationindustry.B．Personalcomputers.C．Livingfarfromcompanies.16．Whydosomepeoplepreferworkingathome?A．Tosavetime.B．Togetmorejobs.C．Tomakemoremoney.听第10段材料，答复第17至20题。17．What'stheweatherlikewhenthestoryhappens?A．Cloudy. B．Rainy.C．Cold.18．What'sintheyoungman'shands?A．Thereisaheavybasket.B．Therearetwobags.C．Therearesomeboxes.19．Whatdoesthedriverfeelwhenhehearsthepassengerisgoingtothehotel?A．Sad. B．Happy.C．Lucky.20．Howmuchwilltheyoungmangivethedriver?A．3dollars. B．13dollars.C．15dollars.[答案]1.C2.C3.A4.B5.A6.C7.B8.A9.B10.C11.A12.C13.A14.B15.A16.A17.C18.B19.A20.B[听力材料](Text1)W：7824144.JaneWilliamsspeaking.M：Oh,it'syou,Jane.SorryIhadtorushoffthismorning.Howaretheboys?(Text2)W：HowlongwillittakethispackagetoLondon?M：Howdoyouwanttosendit?(Text3)M：Whatistheweatherlike?W：Therearesomedarkcloudsinthesky.(Text4)W：IwashopingthatwecouldseeJerryheretoday.M：Hewasplanningtocome,butthenhiswife'sfatherfelldownsomestairsandtheyhadtotakehimtoadoctor.(Text5)M：Wouldyouliketoseeamoviewithme?W：Sure.Thatsoundslikeagreatidea.Whenwillthemoviestart?M：It's5∶30now.Itwillbegininonehour.(Text6)W：Excuseme.Couldyouhelpme?M：Certainly.WhatcanIdoforyou?W：We'relookingforagirl'sskijacket.Ilikethisstyle.Doyouhaveitinsize10?M：Letmesee...size4,6,8...hereweare.Size10.W：Oh,Idon'treallylikeyellow.Whatothercolorsdoesitcomein?M：Itcomesinred,pink,lightblueandblack.W：Thepinkisnice.Howmuchisit?M：It's$160.W：Oh,well,that'stooexpensive.We'llhavetothinkaboutit.(Text7)W：I'mfreethisafternoon.Shallwegotothecinema?M：OK.ButIhatelovestories.Anyfilmsaboutwartoday?W：I'mafraidnot.Howaboutthetheatre?M：Well,mostplaysarebadlywritten,butatleasttheyarenotexpensive.W：Thenlet'sgotoaconcert.Youlikemusic,don'tyou?M：Yeah,softmusic.Butnowyoucanonlyhearnoisymusic,Englishsongsorsongsthatyoucan'tunderstandasingleword.W：Whatareyougoingtodothen?M：Whynotgotothelibrarytoborrowsomebooks?YoulikereadingasmuchasIdo,don'tyou?W：OK,let'sdothat.(Text8)M：Whatareyoudoing?W：I'mpacking.M：Whereareyougoing?W：Tomyparents'...andI'mnotcomingback.M：No,darling.What'swrong?W：Idon'twanttosayanything.M：Oh,mygoodness!Youhateme,don'tyou?W：I'mnotsosure,butIdoknowI'vehadenoughofyourmother.M：Pleasedon'tgo,darling.Iloveyousomuch.W：Notasmuchasyouloveyourmother.M：Butyoumeanalottome...andIcan'tlivewithoutyou.W：Really?YoumeanI'vemisunderstoodyou?M：Ofcourse.Youknow,thereisnothingmoreimportanttomethanyou.W：Oh,darling...(Text9)M：MissDermott,letmestartbyaskingyouthisquestion:Doyouthink,withinafewyears,peoplecouldworkathomeinsteadofworkinginoffices?W：Oh,yes.It'salreadyhappening.Thecommunicationindustryhasmadealotofprogressinthelasttenyears.M：Andhowdothesepeoplework?Imean,whatequipmentdotheyneedtohaveathome?W：Well,theyneedamonitor,acomputer,aprinter,andatelephonetoconnectwithothercomputers.M：Oh,Isee.Sowhataresomeadvantagesofworkingathome?W：Workingathome,peopledon'thavetospendalotoftimegettingtoandfromtheirworkplaces.Therushhours,aseveryoneknows,aretheworsttimesofdaytotravel.Millionsofpeoplehavetogetupearlytoavoidtherushhours.M：Ah,Isee.Whatdoyouthinkthefurturewillbelikeforhome－workers?W：Oh,letmetellyouwhatmighthappen.InthefutrueaBritishfirminLondon,forexample,mightemployclerksinBelfast,oraPariscompanycouldhavetheirsecretariesinSpain.Mostbusinesscouldbedonebytelephone.(Text10)It'sadarkandcoldnight.Thecardriverhasn'thadasinglepassengerallday.Whenhegoesbytherailwaystation,heseesayoungmancomingoutwithtwobagsinhishands.“Aha，”thinksthecardriver.“Hereisachancetomakeupfortherestofthisbadday.”Hequicklyopensthedoor,andasks,“Wheredoyouwanttogo,sir？”“Tothehotel，”theyoungmananswers.Whenthecardriverhearsthat,hefeelssad.Theyoungmanwillgivehimonlythreedollarsbecausethehotelisjusttwoblocksawayfromtherailwaystation.Suddenlyhehasanidea.Hetakesthepassengerbyalongerroute.Afteralongtime,thecarfinallyarrivesatthehotel.“Youshouldpayme15dollars，”thecardriversaystotheyoungman.“What?15dollars?Don'tyoutakemeasafool?OnlylastweekItookacarfromtherailwaystationtothishotelandIgavehim13dollars.Iknowhowmuchthetripcosts,Iwon'tpayyouonedollarmorethanIpaidtheothercardriverlastweek.”第二局部英语知识运用(共两节，总分值45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。21．—Thankyouforsavingmeoutofthetrouble,uncle.—________，littleboy.It’sourduty.Everyonewillcerainlydoso.A．I’msosurprised B．No,nevermindC．Mypleasure D．Withpleasure[解析]句意：谢谢你帮我摆脱了困境，叔叔。别客气，孩子，这是我们的职责，每个人都会这么做的。mypleasure不客气，符合语境。A项我感到太惊奇了；B项不，没关系；D项我的荣幸，均不符合题意。[答案]C22．(2011年天津)—Justamoment.Ihaven'tfinishedpackingmysuitcase.—__________.It'shightimeweleftfortheairport.A．Goahead B．TakeiteasyC．Hurryup D．That'sfine[解析]由空后的“快到我们去飞机场的时间了。”可知此处应该催促对方抓紧时间。Goahead.干吧，继续，开始；Takeiteasy.放松点，别紧张；Hurryup.快点，赶快；That'sfine.没事，没关系。句意：——稍等一会儿。我还没有装好旅行箱。——快点。快到我们去飞机场的时间了。应选C项。[答案]C23．(2011～2012陕西师大附中高二期末)__________intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyouremailaccount.A．Whatisrequired B．WhatrequiredC．Itisrequired D．Itrequired[解析]由文中的that看出是应用句型，Itisrequiredthat...it做形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。[答案]C24．(2011～2012天水一中高二期末)Itwasinthelab__________wastakenchargeofbyJohnson__________theydidtheexperiment.A．where；which B．which；thatC．which；which D．that；which[解析]前空为定语从句，引导词在句中做主语可用that/which，第二空为强调句型引导词that。[答案]B25．Thegirlwascaughtstealingagoldring__________flourish(虚荣)．A．underthestressof B．toputstressonC．tostress D．fromthestressof[解析]句意：由于虚荣心作怪，那个女孩在偷一个戒指时，被逮住了。underthestressof在……的压力下。[答案]A26．Somestudentsare__________cigarettesthattheyevenstillstolethemoneyfromtheirclassmatestobuycigarettes.A．muchaddictedto B．tooaddictedtoC．suchaddictedto D．soaddictedto[解析]句意：有些同学是如此得迷恋香烟，以至于他们偷同学们的钱去买香烟。addictedto迷于；so...that...如此……以至于。[答案]D27．—Wouldyoufeellike__________acigarette?—Yes.Iwouldlike__________.Butmydoctoraskedmenottodoso.A．having；/ B．having；toC．have；/ D．tohave；/[解析]feellike后接动名词，表示“喜欢做……”；wouldlike后接不定式，不能省去to。[答案]B28．Theyoungmansoongot__________tothecustomhereandmademanyfriendswiththelocalpeople.A．ashamed B．appropriateC．abstract D．accustomed[解析]句意：那位年轻人很快习惯了这里的风俗，并且和当地的人们成了好朋友。ashamed惭愧的；appropriate适当的；abstract抽象的；accustomed习惯的。[答案]D29．Iwasmuch__________whenIcouldn'taffordit__________Ilikedthiscarmuch.A．disappointed；although B．disappointing；thoughC．disappointing；but D．disappointed；as[解析]句意：尽管我很喜欢这部车，但是我买不起，我感到很失望。although，though和as引导让步状语从句，disappointed修饰人。[答案]A30．Isaidhellotohim__________hepassedbymyhouse.A．nowthat B．incaseC．everytime D．if[解析]句意：每一次他从我家路过，我都和他打招呼。nowthat既然；incase万一；everytime每一次；if如果。everytime充当连词。[答案]C31．Hewaslate__________theveryheavytraffic.A．ratherthan B．duetoC．asaresult D．because[解析]dueto后接名词；because后接句子。[答案]B32．—__________yougotintouchwithMr.Smith?—Throughafriendofmine.A．Itwashowthat B．HowwasitC．Howwasitthat D．Wasithowthat[解析]在特殊疑问句的强调句中，疑问词放在句首。[答案]C33．Itisuncommonthatsheisaperson__________fourhours'sleepanight.A．accustomedtohaving B．wasaccustomedtohavingC．accustomtohave D．accustomedhaving[解析]accustomedto后面要接v­ing形式，to为介词。accustomedtohaving...作person的后置定语。[答案]A34．Theyoungman__________oflosinghislifetosavethedrowningchild.A．attherisk B．rantheriskC．risked D．madetherisk[解析]runtheriskofdoingsth.，attheriskofdoingsth.都有“冒危险做某事”之意，句中缺谓语，故B项正确。[答案]B35．Wemust__________atopicbeforewestarttowrite.A．decide B．decideagainstC．decideto D．decideon[解析]decideagainstdoingsth.决定不做某事；decideon对……作出决定，选定。[答案]D第二节完形填空(共20小题；每题1.5分，总分值30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。Likemostpeople，Iwasbroughtuptolookuponlifeasaprocessofgetting.ItwasnotuntilinmylatethirtiesthatImadethisimportant__36__：giving­awaymakeslifesomuchmoreexciting.Youneednotworryifyou__37__money.ThisishowI__38__withgiving­away.Ifanideaforimprovingthewindowdisplayofaneighborhoodstore__39__tome，Istepinandmakethesuggestiontothe__40__.Ifanaccidenttakesplace，the__41__ofwhichIthinkthelocalpolicecoulduse，I__42__himupandtellhimaboutit，thoughIamnotin__43__here.OnediscoveryImadeaboutthisworldistogive__44__gettingsomethingback，thoughthe__45__oftencomesinanunexpectedform.OneSundaymorningthelocalpostofficedeliveredanimportant__46__lettertomyhome，thoughitwas__47__tomeatmyoffice.Iwrotethepostmasteraletterof__48__.MorethanayearlaterIneededapost­officeboxforanewbusinessIwas__49__.Iwastoldatthewindowthattherewere__50__boxesleft，andthatmynamewouldhavetogoonalong__51__list.AsIwasaboutto__52__，thepostmasterappearedinthe__53__.“Wasn'tityouthatwrotemethatletterayearagoaboutdeliveringaspeciallettertoyourhome？”Isaiditwas.“Well，youcertainlyaregoingtohaveaboxinthispostoffice__54__Imakeoneforyou.Youdon'tknowwhataletterlikethatmeanstome.Iusuallyget__55__butcomplaints(抱怨)．”36．A.decision B．researchC．speech D．discovery[解析]句意：像很多人一样，我生来就认为生活就是获得，直到三十多岁的时候才“发现”，放弃或给予也会使得生活如此精彩。再者，后文也提到了这种发现。[答案]D37．A.earn B．lackC．spend D．steal[解析]你缺钱也无需担忧，因为生活并不只是一味地索取。lack“缺乏”。[答案]B38．A.experimented B．connectedC．combined D．agreed[解析]下文列举的事例都是作者生活中“经历”的事情。experiment此处为动词，意为“尝试”。[答案]A39．A.happens B．flashesC．sticks D．leads[解析]本句主语为anidea。主意在某人脑海中闪现是“flash”。happentosb.发生在某人身上；stickto坚持；leadto导致，其宾语一般不为人。[答案]B40．A.postmaster B．headmasterC．storekeeper D．policeman[解析]根据前文提到的neighborhoodstore可知答案。[答案]C41．A.storyB．damageC．challengeD．material[解析]story故事，事情。出现事故，警察应了解事情的经过和真相。damage破坏；challenge挑战；material物质，材料。[答案]A42．A.callB．holdC．breakD．pick[解析]根据后文tellhimaboutit可知作者是打告诉警察事情的经过。[答案]A43．A.needB．troubleC．commonD．charge[解析]作者虽然不负责这里的事情，但他却主动帮助警察了解事故经过。incharge负责。[答案]D44．A.withinB．withoutC．forD．before[解析]上文列举的事例都说明作者想主动帮助别人而不希望得到什么。[答案]B45．A.processB．goalC．returnD．concern[解析]return“回报”。根据转折连词though和下文所列举的事例说明，帮助别人经常会在出人意料时得到回报。[答案]C46．A.curiousB．immediateC．specialD．heavy[解析]根据下文的postmaster说的话中可知答案。special特别的；curious好奇的；immediate即刻的。[答案]C47．A.realizedB．addressedC．forgottenD．brought[解析]address此处为动词，意为“注明……的地址”。信上标明收信人的地址是我办公室的地址，但邮递员却把它送到了我的家里。[答案]B48．A.invitation B．apologyC．instruction D．appreciation[解析]appreciation欣赏，赞赏。邮递员把本来该送到办公室的信送到家里，人们通常只会责备他们，而作者却与此相反，非但没有责备，而是写了一封表扬信。他也因此得到了回报。[答案]D49．A.dealingB．providingC．operatingD．starting[解析]本句为定语从句，横线上所缺动词的宾语为newbusiness。deal为不及物动词，故排除。作者开办了一项新的业务。[答案]D50．A.enoughB．someC．noD．more[解析]结合上下文可知，邮局里已没有剩余的邮箱，但作者原来无意的付出却使得邮递员愿意为他做一个。[答案]C51．A.admitting B．relatingC．examining D．waiting[解析]邮局里没有剩余的邮箱，要想安装邮箱，只能等。[答案]D52．A.leaveB．shoutC．guessD．conduct[解析]作者被告知已没有邮箱，只好离开。[答案]A53．A.windowB．doorwayC．libraryD．yard[解析]根据故事发生的地点，可排除C，D。另外，根据介词in排除A项。作者正要离开，邮递员在门口拦住了他。[答案]B54．A.incaseB．nowthatC．evenifD．asif[解析]本句句意为：在这个邮局里，你应该得到一个邮箱，即便是我们给你做一个。incase以防；nowthat既然，因为；asif好似，均与句意不符。[答案]C55．A.anything B．everythingC．nothing D．something[解析]句意：邮递员从顾客那里一般不会得到任何东西，只有抱怨。nothingbut“只不过，仅仅”。[答案]C第三局部阅读理解(共20小题；每题2分，总分值40分)阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最正确选项。AManyfactssuggestthatchildrenareoverweightandthesituationisgettingworse，accordingtothedoctors.Ifeelthereareanumberofreasonsforthis.Somepeopleblamethefactthatwearesurroundedbyshopssellingunhealthy，fattyfoods，suchasfriedchickenandicecream，atalowprice.Thishasturnedoutawholegenerationofgrown­upswhoseldomcookamealforthemselves.Iftherewerefeweroftheserestaurants，thenprobablychildrenwouldbuylesstake­awayfood.Thereisanotherargumentthatblamesparentsforallowingtheirchildrentobecomeoverweight.Iagreewiththis，becausegoodeatinghabitsbeginearlyinlife，longbeforechildrenstarttovisitfastfoodshops.Ifchildrenaregivenfriedchickenandchocolateratherthanhealthyfood，orarealwaysallowedtochoosewhattheyeat，theywillgoforsweetandsaltyfoodseverytime，andthiswillcarryonthroughouttheirlives.Thereisathirdreasonforthissituation.Childrenthesedaystakeverylittleexercise.Theydonotwalktoschool.Whentheygethome，theysitinfrontofthetelevisionortheircomputersandplaycomputergames.Notonlyisthisanunhealthypastime(消遣)，italsogivesthemtimetoeatmoreunhealthyfood.Whattheyneedistogooutsideandplayactivegamesorsports.Theabovearethemainreasonsforthisproblem，andthereforewehavetoencourageyoungpeopletobemoreactive，aswellassteeringthemawayfromfastfoodshopsandbadeatinghabits.56．Accordingtothetext，whatkindofchildrenmayeatmoreunhealthyfood?A．Thosewhooftentakeexercise.B．Thosewhooftenwatchtelevision.C．Thosewhooftenhavemealsathome.D．Thosewhooftenwalktoschool.[解析]细节理解题。从倒数第二段的Notonlyisthisanunhealthypastime，italsogivesthemtimetoeatmoreunhealthyfood.可知不健康的看电视的消遣方式会让孩子们吃更多不健康的食物，应选B。[答案]B57．Theauthorthinksthatchildrenarebecomingoverweightbecause__________.A．theirparentsoftencookmealsforthemB．theyaretoobusytogooutandplayC．theycan'tchoosewhattoeatD．therearetoomanyfastfoodshopsaround[解析]细节理解题。文章第二段的内容说明我们周围存在的很多卖不健康食品的商店也是造成孩子肥胖的原因之一，应选D。[答案]D58．Theunderlinedword“steering”inthelastsentencemostprobablymeans__________.A．forcing B．guidingC．driving D．moving[解析]词义猜想题。结合上文陈述的造成肥胖的原因，我们应告诉孩子们远离快餐店和改正不良的饮食习惯，应选guide“指导”，符合句意。[答案]B59．Themainpurposeofthetextisto__________.A．tellastory B．providefactsC．giveadvice D．compareopinions[解析]主旨大意题。本文陈述造成肥胖的原因意在告诉青少年要远离不良的饮食和生活习惯防止发胖，应选C。[答案]CBNon­smokerswhoarebeingexposedto(面临)cigarettesmoke，notonlyexperienceitsharmphysically，butaretwicemorelikelytosufferfrommajordepression，comparedtopeoplewhoarenotexposedtoblackclouds，alargefederalstudyreports.ThestudyfromtheUniversityofMiamiappearstobethefirstUSresearchtolinksecondhandsmoketomoodanddepression.Thenewstudyconfirmedexposuretosmokebylookingatcotininelevelsinthebloodof3000adultswhodidnotsmokethemselves.Anadditionalmorethan90000non­smokersonlyhadtoreportiftheylivedwithorworkedaroundpeoplewhosmoked.Everyparticipantwasalsoaskedtofilloutquestionnairesanddescribetheirsymptomsofdepression.Theresultsofthebloodtestshowedthatindividualsinbothgroupswhohavebeenexposedtocigarettesmokeonadailybasis，werefarmorelikelytodevelopsymptomsofseveredepression.Itwasfoundthatevenpeoplewhohavebeenworkinginpublicplaces，wheresmokingwasnotbanned，weretwicemorelikelytosufferfromthecondition.AccordingtoFrankBandiera，apublichealthresearcherattheUniversityofMiamiSchoolofMedicine，andaleadauthorofthestudy，thereisnodoubtthatsmokersareexposedtoanincreasedriskofdepressionincomparisonwithnon­smokers，butthequestionremainswhetherthesmokingcomesfirstorthedepression.Ingeneral，inhaling(吸入)cigarettesmoke，whetheractivelyorpassively，doesnotappearlikeagoodideawhenpeopleareconcernedabouttheirhealth.Thebestindividualscoulddointhiscaseistocontroltheirpersonalenvironmentbylimitingtheexposuretosecondhandsmoke.Therearealwaysgoodchancestolivealongerandbetterlife，andreducetheriskofdevelopingstress，anxietyordepression.60．Whichofthefollowingbestgivesthemainideaofthepassage?A．Secondhandsmokingcausesmajordepression.B．Smokingcanalsoharmthosewhodonotsmoke.C．Secondhandsmokingcancausegreatharmtoo.D．Depressioncandogreatharmtopeople'shealth.[解析]主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知，文章不是着眼于吸二手烟的一般性危害，而是强调吸二手烟容易使人得抑郁症。[答案]A61．Untilnowwedon'tmakesure__________.A．whoarelikelytosufferfrommajordepressionB．secondhandsmokeisconnectedwithmoodanddepressionC．whetherthesmokingcomesfirstorthedepressionD．inhalingcigarettesmokeactivelydoesnoharmtohealth[解析]细节理解题。由文章第三段最后一句话可知，到底是吸烟在前还是患抑郁症在前目前尚不清楚。[答案]C62．Inthelastparagraphtheauthorintendsto__________.A．analysetheharmofsmokingB．giveasuggestionC．givethefinalconclusionD．scoldthesmokers[解析]推理判断题。综合最后一段内容可知，作者强调无论是吸烟还是吸二手烟，都对我们及他人的健康不利，因此建议每个人应尽量使自己过一种健康长久的生活。[答案]B63．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat__________.A．itiscertainthatsmokingcomesbeforedepressionB．non­smokersaremorelikelytosufferfromdepressionthansmokersC．smokersthemselvesarenotlikelytosufferfromdepressionD．smokersthemselvesaremorelikelytosufferfromdepression[解析]推理判断题。从文章第三段最后一句可推断出：相比不吸烟者，吸烟者本人更容易患抑郁症。[答案]DC(2011年江苏)Weknowthefamousones—theThomasEdisonsandtheAlexanderGrahamBells—butwhataboutthelessfamousinventors?Whataboutthepeoplewhoinventedthetrafficlightandthewindshieldwiper(雨刮器)?Shouldn'tweknowwhotheyare?JoanMcLeanthinksso.Infact，McLean，aprofessorofphysicsatMountainUniversityinRange，feelssostronglyaboutthismatterthatshe'sdevelopedacourseonthetopic.Inadditiontolearning“who”invented“what”，however，McLeanalsolikesherstudentstolearntheanswerstothe“why”and“how”questions.AccordingtoMcLean，“Whenstudentslearntheanswerstothesequestions，theyarebetterpreparedtorecognizeopportunitiesforinventingandmoremotivatedtogiveinventingatry.”Herstudentsagree.OneyoungmanwithapatentforanunbreakableumbrellaiswalkingproofofMcLean'sstatement.“IfIhadnotheardthestoryofthewindshieldwiper'sinvention，”saidTommyLee，aseniorphysicsmajor，“Ineverwouldhavedreamedofturningmybadexperienceduringarainstormintosomethingsoconstructive.”Leeiscurrentlynegotiatingtosellhispatenttoanumbrellaproducer.So，justwhatisthestorybehindthewindshieldwiper?Well，MaryAndersoncameupwiththeideain1902afteravisittoNewYorkCity.Thedaywascoldandstormy，butAndersonstillwantedtoseethesights，soshejumpedaboardastreetcar.Noticingthatthedriverwasstrugglingtoseethroughthesnowcoveringthewindshield，shefoundherselfwonderingwhytherecouldn'tbeabuilt­indeviceforcleaningthewindow.StillwonderingaboutthiswhenshereturnedhometoBirmingham，Alabama，Andersonstarteddraftingoutsolutions.Oneofherideas，alever(操作杆)ontheinsideofavehiclethatwouldcontrolanarmontheoutside，becamethefirstwindshieldwiper.Todaywebenefitfromcountlessinventionsandinnovations.It'shardtoimaginedrivingwithoutGarrettA.Morgan'strafficlight.It'sequallyimpossibletopictureaworldwithoutKatherineJ.Blodgett'sinnovationthatmakesglassinvisible.Canyoupicturelifewithoutclearwindowsandeyeglasses?64．Bymentioning“trafficlight”and“windshieldwiper”，theauthorindicatesthatcountlessinventionsare________.A．beneficial，becausetheirinventorsarefamousB．beneficial，thoughtheirinventorsarelessfamousC．notuseful，becausetheirinventorsarelessfamousD．notuseful，thoughtheirinventorsarefamous[解析]推理判断题。根据第一段内容结合下文可推断，作者提到交通信号灯、雨刮器等创造，是想说无数的创造对人类十分有益，虽然它们的创造者没有太大的名气。[答案]B65．ProfessorJoanMcLean'scourseaimsto__________.A．addcolourandvarietytostudents'campuslifeB．informstudentsofthewindshieldwiper'sinventionC．carryouttherequirementsbyMountainD．preparestudentstotrytheirowninventions[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，JohnMcLean教授开设这门课程的目的就是让学生有足够的准备去尝试自己创造东西。[答案]D66．TommyLee'sinventionoftheunbreakableumbrellawas__________.A．noteventuallyacceptedbytheumbrellaproducerB．inspiredbythestorybehindthewindshieldwiperC．duetohisdreamofbeingcaughtinarainstormD．notrelatedtoProfessorJoanMcLean'slectures[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，TommyLee创造的“不会折断的雨伞”就是受到了雨刮器背后的故事的鼓励。[答案]B67．Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthispassage?A．HowtoHelpStudentstoSellTheirInventionstoProducers?B．HowtoDesignaBuilt­inDeviceforCleaningtheWindow?C．Shouldn'tWeKnowWhoInventedtheWindshieldWiper?D．Shouldn'tWeDevelopInventionCoursesinUniversities?[解析]主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章的第一段就是主题段，特别是第一段最后一句充分表达了作者的心声，接下来的内容都是围绕第一段展开并为第一段效劳的。[答案]CD(2012年全国Ⅱ)Coldweathercanbehardonpets，justlikeitcanbehardonpeople.Sometimesownersforgetthattheirpetsarejustasusedtothewarmshelter(住所)astheyare.Someownerswillleavetheiranimalsoutsideforalongperiodoftime，thinkingthatallanimalsareusedtolivingoutdoors.Thiscanputtheirpetsindangerofseriousillness.Therearethingsyoucandotokeepyouranimalwarmandsafe.Keepyourpetsinsideasmuchasyoucanwhentheweatherisbad.Ifyouhavetotakethemout，stayoutsidewiththem.Whenyou'recoldenoughtogoinside，theyprobablyaretoo.Ifyoumustleavethemoutsideforalongtime，makesuretheyhaveawarm，solidshelteragainstthewind，thickbedding，andplentyofnon­frozenwater.Ifleftaloneoutside，dogsandcatscanbeverysmartintheirsearchforwarmshelter.Theycandigintosnowbanksorhidesomewhere.Watchthemcloselywhentheyareleftoutdoors，andprovidethemwithshelterofgoodquality.Keepaneyeonyourpet'swater.Sometimesownersdon'trealizethatawaterbowlhasfrozenandtheirpetcan'tgetanythingtodrink.Animalsthatdon'thavecleanandunfrozenwatermaydrinkdirtywateroutside，whichmaycontainsomethingunhealthyforthem.68．WhatdowelearnaboutpetsfromParagraph1?A．Theyareoftenforgottenbytheirowners.B．Theyareusedtolivingoutdoors.C．Theybuildtheirownshelters.D．Theyliketostayinwarmplaces.[解析]事实细节题。从第一段“Sometimesownersforgetthattheirpetsarejustasusedtothewarmshelter(住所)astheyare.(有时宠物的主人忘记了他们的宠物和他们一样习惯了温暖的住所。)”可知答案。[答案]D69．Whyarepetownersaskedtostaywiththeirpetswhentheyareoutincoldweather?A．Toknowwhentobringtheminside.B．Tokeepthemfromeatingbadfood.C．Tohelpthemfindshelters.D．Tokeepthemcompany.[解析]事实细节题。从第二段“Whenyou'recoldenoughtogoinside，theyprobablyaretoo.”可知作者建议在寒冷的天气里宠物主人需和宠物待在一起的原因是让宠物的主人明白什么时候该把宠物领进屋，应选项A正确。[答案]A70．Ifpetsareleftontheirownoutdoorsincoldweather，theymay__________.A．runshortofcleanwaterB．digdeepholesforfunC．dirtythesnownearbyD．getlostinthewild[解析]事实细节题。根据文章第三段倒数后三句可知答案。根据最后一段第一句可排除B项；文中并未提及C、D两项内容。[答案]A71．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Tobringupaproblem.B．Togivepracticaladvice.C．Totellaninterestingstory.D．Topresentaresearchresult.[解析]主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是各段首句，作者的写作意图是给读者一些饲养宠物的实用性建议。[答案]BEDietCoke，dietPepsi，dietpills，nofatdiet，vegetablediet...Wearesurroundedbytheword“diet”everywherewelookandlisten.Wehavesoeasilybeenattractedbythepromiseandpotentialofdietproductsthatwehavestoppedthinkingaboutwhatdietproductsaredoingtous.Wearepayingforproductsthatharmuspsychologicallyandphysically(身体上)．Dietproductssignificantlyweakenuspsychologically.Ononelevel，wearenotallowingourbrainstoadmitthatourweightproblemslienotinactuallylosingtheweight，butincontrollingtheconsumptionoffatty，high­calorie，unhealthyfoods.Dietproductsallowustojumpoverthethinkingstageandgostraightforthescale(秤)instead.Allwehavetodoistoswalloworrecognizetheword“diet”infoodlabels.Onanotherlevel，dietproductshavegreaterpsychologicaleffects.Everytimewehaveazero­caloriedrink，wearetellingourselveswithoutourawarenessthatwedon'thavetoworktogetresults.Dietproductsmakepeoplebelievethatgaincomeswithoutpain，andthatlifecanbewithoutresistanceandstruggle.Thedangerofdietproductsliesnotonlyinthepsychologicaleffectstheyhaveonus，butalsointhephysicalharmthattheycause.Dietfoodscanindirectlyharmourbodiesbecauseconsumingtheminsteadofhealthyfoodsmeanswearepreventingourbodiesfromhavingbasicnutrients(营养成分)．Dietfoodsanddietpillscontainzerocalorieonlybecausethedietindustryh