倒装句讲座课件

英语语法倒装句

倒装句

在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时为了强调句子的某一部分或其他的原因，通常需要全部或部分移到主语的前面，这种语序就叫倒装。一、全部倒装和部分倒装倒装可分为全部倒装和部分倒装。1、全部倒装，又叫主谓倒装。如：Herearesomelettersforyou.Downfelltherain.雨倾盆而下。但主语如果是人称代词时，主语则不能倒装。如：Awaytheygo.他们走了。Hereweare.我们到了。2、部分倒装，又叫主语与助动词或情态动词倒装。如：NeverhaveIheardsuchathing.我从未听说过这样的事。OnlytodaydidIlearntheterriblenews.我今天才听到这可怕的消息。一、倒装句的用法英语中倒装句常用于下列场合：（一）

某些句型⑴疑问句。如：Can’tyoujustwearaflowerinstead?难道你就不可以戴朵花吗？Howareyougettingonwithyourproject?你那项工程进展如何？Haveyoufinishedwritingthereport?你报告写好了吗？

Wouldyoumindsendinghimamessageforme?请你帮我带个口信给他好吗？但疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，句子则不必倒装。如：WhatisonattheCapitalTheatertomorrow?明天首都剧院上演什么？Howmanystudentsaremakingthetrip?有多少学生参加这次旅行？⑵表示祝愿的句型。如：Mayyouliveahappylife!祝你生活愉快！LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!中华人民共和国万岁！⑶therebe句型。如：Therewillbeafootballmatchthisafternoon.今天下午有一场足球赛。Therewasanappletreebehindthehouse.这座房子后面过去有一棵苹果树。⑷以here,there或out,in,up,down,away,now,then等副词引导的句型，其谓语动词通常不带助动词或情态动词。如：Herecomesthebus.公共汽车来了。Outrushedthechildren.孩子们冲了出去。Theregoesthebell.零声响了。Awaywenttheboy.那个男孩走了。Nowcomesyourturn.现在轮到你了。⑸neither/nor/so+be/have,助动词或情态动词+主语，这一句型表示前面内容也适用于另一个人或物。如：Hismotherisillthisweek.Soishissister.这星期他妈妈病了，他姐姐也病了。Ican’tspeakFrench.Norcanhe.我不会说法语，他也不会。Ihaveneverbeenabroad.Neitherhashe.我从未出国过，他也没有。

Hehadnofriends,nordidhewishtomakeany.他没有朋友，也不想交朋友。Weweretired,andsoweretheothers.我们累了，别人也累了。⑹非真实条件句中，条件从句中的if省略时，had,were,should要与主语倒装。如：Shouldyouchangeyourmind,letusknow.如果你改变主意，就告诉我们。(=Ifyoushouldchangeyourmind,letusknow.

HadIrealizedwhatyouintended（打算、想要、意欲）Ishouldnothavewastedmytimetryingtoexplainmatterstoyou.要是我早了解你的意图，我就不会浪费时间向你作解释了。（=IfIhadrealizedwhatyouintended,Ishouldnothavewastedmytimetryingtoexplainmatterstoyou.)Wereshemydaughter,Icouldsuggestseveralstepstotake.如果她是我的女儿，我就建议采取几个步骤。(=Ifsheweremydaughter,Icouldsuggestseveralstepstotake.)⑺在比较和方式状语从句中，如果主语不是人称代词，常可在主语前添加助动词do来代替前面已经出现过的动词。如：

Ispendmorethandomyfriends.我花费的比我朋友的多。Shetraveledagreatdeal,asdidmostherfriends.

她到处旅行，去过很多地方，她的多数朋友也是这样。（一）

一些词语开始的句子

⑴句首是否定词或带有否定意义的词语时，常用部分倒装。这类词语有：few,hardly,hardly…when,innoway,little,much/even/stillless,never,nolonger,nowhere,notoften,notonly…butalso,notuntil,seldom等。如：

Nowhereelseintheworldcantherebesuchaquiet.世界上没有别的地方能向这样美，这样幽静。Notonlydoesheplayfootball,buthealsoclimbsmountains.他不仅踢球，而且还爬山。Notasinglebookhadhereadthatmonth.那个月他一本书也没看。HardlyhadIarrivedwhenitbegantorain.我刚一到达，天就开始下雨了。

NevershallIforgetit.我永远也不会忘记这一点。

但是，当句子的主语由little或less修饰时，主谓则不倒装。如：LittlehelpcanbeexpectedfromPeter.不要指望彼得帮忙。

⑵句首是only所修饰的副词、介词短语或从句等作状语时，常用部分倒装。如：Only

thendidIunderstandwhatshemeant.只是到了那时我才明白她的意思。OnlyafterayeardidIbegintoseetheresultsofmywork.只是在过了一年以后，我才开始看到我工作的成果啊。Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1949washeabletogetbackhome.只是在1949年战争结束后，他才能够返回家乡。

⑶为了保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接,用完全倒装形式。如：

Withhimwasamanofnomorethanforty.跟他在一起的是一个不到四十岁的男子。Theyarrivedatahouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.他们走到了一间屋子，屋前坐着一个小男孩。Onahillinfrontofthemstoodagreatcastle.在他们面前的山上有一座巨大的城堡。

⑷直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时也用倒装。如：“Let’sgo,”suggestedHenry.“Whoispaying?”shoutedthefatmanatthecorner.“由谁付钱？”角落里的胖子叫喊道。“Whatdoyoumean?”askedHenry.

但主语如果是代词时，主谓则不要倒装。如：“Whatdoyoumean?”heasked.他问道：“你是什么意思？”倒装句专项练习【】1.So

thatnofishcanliveinit.A.thelakeisshallowB.shallowthelakeisC.shallowisthelakeD.isthelakeshallow【】2.Onlyinthisway

progressinyourEnglishA.youmakeB.canyoumakeC.youbeabletomakeD.willyouabletomakemyclassmatesCB【

】3.“Howdidyouenjoythattrip?”“I’mafraidnot.And

.”A.myclassmatesdon’teitherB.myclassmatesdon’ttooC.neitherdomyclassmatesD.neitherdidmyclassmates【】4.—DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?—Idon’tknow,

A.nordon’tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon’tcareneitherD.Idon’tcarealso【】5.NotuntilIbegantowork

howmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didn’tIrealizeB.didIrealizeC.Ididn’trealizeD.IrealizeDBB【】6.—Idon’tthinkIcanwalkanyfather.—

.Let’sstophereforarest.A.NeitheramIB.NeithercanIC.Idon’tthinksoD.Ithinkso【】7.Onthetopofthehill

wheretheoldmanoncelived.A.atemplestandsthereB.atemplestandingC.doesatemplestandD.standsatempleBD【】8.Pioneermenandwomenendured(忍受)terriblehardships,and

.A.

sodotheirchildrenB.neitherdidthechildrenC.alsodothechildrenD.sodidtheirchildren【】9.Now

!A.

comethebusB.comesthebusC.comesitD.comethey【】10.

himbefore.A.neverwehaveseenB.NeverdidweseeC.NeverhavewesawD.NeverhaveweseenDBD【

】11.

outthanitbegantorain.A.

NosoonerhehadgoneB.NosoonerdidhegoC.HardlyhadhegoneD.Nosoonerhadhegone【】12.

scientist,butheisalsoafighter.A.NotonlyheisB.NotonlyisheC.NotmerelyheisD.Notonlyishea【】13.Notasoul

.A.

hadweseenB.wehadseenC.didweseeD.haveweseenDDD【】14.Eastoftheriver

twobuildings.A.liesB.standsC.lieD.arestanding【】15.

,suchspellingmistakesmighthavebeenavoided.A.YouhadbeenmorecarefulB.YouhavebeenmorecarefulC.HaveyoubeenmorecarefulD.HadyoubeenmorecarefulCD【】16.Nosooner

tobedthanhefellasleep.A.hewentB.didhegoC.hehadgoneD.hadhegone【】17.—Whereismypencil?—

.A.

HereisnotB.TheretheyareC.TherearetheyD.Hereitis【】18.

whohadarrestedhimfourtimesforstealing.A.

BeforeTomthepolicemanstoodB.

BeforeTomstoodthepolicemanC.

ThepolicemanstoodbeforeTomD.

BeforethepolicemanstoodTomDDB【】19.Look!

.A.HereyourteachercomesB.ComeshereyourteacherC.YourteachercomeshereD.Herecomesyourteacher【】20.

,shewasalreadyalawyer.A.

HowyoungwassheB.AsshewasyoungC.YoungasshewasD.YoungalthoughshewasDC【】21.

arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.A.GoneB.GoC.TogoD.Going【】22.Manyatime

swimmingalone.A.

theboywentB.wenttheboyC.didtheboygoD.didgotheboy【】23.

richandstrong!A.OurcountrymaygoB.MayyourcountrygoC.YourcountrygoesD.DoesyourcountrygoACB【】24.“IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?”

.A.MrsBrownaskedB.DidMrsBrownaskC.MrsBrowndidaskD.askedMrsBrown【】25.

ontheshelf.A.TwobottlesarethereB.TherearetwobottlesC.AretheretwobottlesD.TwobottlesthereareDB【】26.Onthewall

twolargeportraits.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hanging【】27.—Tom,youhavelostyourhandkerchief.—Oh,yes.

.A.SohaveIB.SoIhaveC.SoIhave,tooD.SohaveI,too【】28.Accordingtotheshoppinglist,

adozenofsocks.A.thereseemstobeB.itseemsC.thereseemtobeD.itseemBBC【】29Notuntiltwelveo’clock

downtosleep.A.

helaidB.washelyingC.didhelieD.hecouldlie【】30.Notonly

thismachinebut

it.A.

canherun;canherepairB.canherun;hecanrepairC.hecanrun;hecanrepairD.hecanrun;canherepairCB【】31.Happy

todevotethemselves

theirmotherland.A.theheroesare;toB.aretheheroes;toC.theheroesare;forD.aretheheroes;for【】32.Gone

whenwewereoppressed(压迫)。A.

arethedaysB.thedayswillgoC.thedayshaveD.thedaysareBA【】33.Inhardlyanysituation

findhewassad.A.

youcanB.canyouC.thatyoucanD.thatcanyou【】34.

,hewouldhavesucceeded.A.IfheworkedhardB.IfheweretoworkhardC.HadheworkedhardD.Ifhewastoworkhard【】35.“Whatdoesitmean?”

.A.theboyaskB.asktheboyC.askedtheboyD.askedheBCC【】36.Often

.A.doeshegiveusgoodadviceB.hegiveussomegoodadvicesC.hashegivenusgoodadviceD.hehasgivenusgoodadvices【】37.ThedoctoraskedCharlietobreathedeeply.

.A.

CharliedoessoB.CharliedidsoC.SodoesCharlieD.SodidCharlieAB【】38.

tellme

togototheconcert?A.

Theywon’t,whytheydon’twantB.

Couldyou,whywon’ttheywantC.

Theywon’t,whydon’ttheywantD.

Couldyou,whytheydon’twant【】39.

,sheisstillasstrongasyou.A.

AsoldsheisB.OldassheisC.AssheisoldD.Butsheisold【】40.Mygrandfather