柯林斯词典版-人教版高中英语选修7U5词汇表

人教版高中英语选修七UNIT5柯林斯高级英汉双解词典M7Unit5adjustto适应；调节keepitup保持优秀成绩；继续干下去fitin相适应；相融合(fitting,fit,fits)PHRASALVERBIfyoumanagetofitapersonortaskin,youmanagetofindtimetodealwiththem.安排时间处理例：Weworklonghoursbothoutsideandinsidethehomeandwerusharoundtryingtofiteverythingin.我们在家在外都长时间地工作，我们到处奔波，尽力安排时间做每一件事。2、PHRASALVERBIfyoufitinaspartofagroup,youseemtobelongtherebecauseyouaresimilartotheotherpeopleinit.相处融洽例：Shewasgreatwiththechildrenandfitinbeautifully.她对孩子们很有一手，相处得非常融洽。3、PHRASALVERBIfyousaythatsomeoneorsomethingfitsin,youunderstandhowtheyformpartofaparticularsituationorsystem.(在某情形、体系中)发挥作用例：HeknewwhereIfittedinandwhathehadtodotogetthebestoutofme.他知道我在哪里能发挥作用，以及他怎样做才能发挥我的最佳水平。4、motherland/ˈmʌðəˌlænd/n.祖国N-SINGThemotherlandisthecountryinwhichyouoryourancestorswerebornandtowhichyoustillfeelemotionallylinked,evenifyoulivesomewhereelse.祖国;故土[usu'the'N]例：...loveforthemotherland....对祖国的热爱。visa/ˈviːzə/n.签证(visas)N-COUNTAvisaisanofficialdocument,orastampputinyourpassport,thatallowsyoutoenterorleaveaparticularcountry.签证例：Hisvisitor'svisaexpired.他的访问签证过期了。例：...anexitvisa.…一张出境签证。queue/kjuː/n.队列；行列vi.排队(queuing,queued,queues)N-COUNTAqueueisalistofcomputertaskswhichwillbedoneinorder.队列(指等待计算机逐个处理的任务列表)[计算机]例：YourprintjobhasalreadybeensentfromyourPCtothenetworkprintqueue.你的打印任务已经从你的个人电脑输送到网络打印队列了。2、V-TToqueueanumberofcomputertasksmeanstoarrangethemtobedoneinorder.将(计算机任务)排序[计算机]3、N-COUNTAqueueisalineofpeopleorvehiclesthatarewaitingforsomething.(等候的)一队人;一列车辆[英国英语]例：Childrenclutchingemptybowlsformaqueue.抓着空碗的孩子们排成一队。4、N-COUNTIfyousaythereisaqueueofpeoplewhowanttodoorhavesomething,youmeanthatalotofpeoplearewaitingforanopportunitytodoitorhaveit.众多[英国英语]5、V-IWhenpeoplequeue,theystandinalinewaitingforsomething.排队等候[英国英语]6、PHRASALVERBQueueupmeansthesameas.排队等候6、cafeteria/ˌkæfɪˈtɪərɪə/n.自助食堂；自助餐厅(cafeterias)N-COUNTAcafeteriaisarestaurantwhereyouchooseyourfoodfromacounterandtakeittoyourtableafterpayingforit.Cafeteriasareusuallyfoundinpublicbuildingssuchashospitals,colleges,andoffices.自助餐厅7、lecture/ˈlɛktʃə/n.&vi.演讲；讲课(lecturing,lectured,lectures)1、N-COUNTAlectureisatalksomeonegivesinordertoteachpeopleaboutaparticularsubject,usuallyatauniversityorcollege.讲座例：...aseriesoflecturesbyProfessorEricRobinson.…埃里克·鲁滨逊教授的系列讲座。2、V-IIfyoulectureonaparticularsubject,yougivealectureoraseriesoflecturesaboutit.讲授例：ShetheninvitedhimtoAtlantatolectureonthehistoryofart.她于是邀请他去亚特兰大讲授艺术史。3、V-TIfsomeonelecturesyouaboutsomething,theycriticizeyouortellyouhowtheythinkyoushouldbehave.批评;责备例：Heusedtolecturemeaboutgettingtoomuchsun.他过去经常批评我太阳晒得过多。例：Chuckwouldlectureme,tellingmetogetahaircut.查克会责备我，叫我去理发。4、N-COUNTLectureisalsoanoun.批评;责备例：Ourcaptaingaveusasternlectureonsafety.我们的船长在安全问题上给了我们严厉的批评。8、qualification/ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/n.资格；资历(qualifications)1、N-COUNTYourqualificationsaretheofficialdocumentsortitlesyouhavethatshowyourlevelofeducationandtraining.资格;学历例："Doyouhaveanyqualifications?"—"Yes,I'mcertifiedtoteachhighschool."“你有资格吗？”—“有，我有资格教高中。”2、N-UNCOUNTQualificationistheactofpassingtheexaminationsyouneedtoworkinaparticularprofession.资格取得例：Shehasmettheminimumeducationalrequirementsforqualification.她已达到了资格取得所需的最低教育水准。3、N-COUNTThequalificationsyouneedforanactivityortaskarethequalitiesandskillsthatyouneedtobeabletodoit.素质;技能例：Responsibilityandreliabilityarenecessaryqualifications,aswellasafriendlyandoutgoingpersonality.责任感和可靠性是必需的素质，友善和外向的性格也必不可少。4、N-VARAqualificationisadetailorexplanationthatyouaddtoastatementtomakeitlessstrongorlessgeneral.限制条件例：Theempiricalevidenceconsideredhereissubjecttomanyqualifications.这里所考虑的经验证据有许多限制条件。5、N-COUNTYourqualificationsaretheexaminationsthatyouhavepassed.(已通过的)资格考试[英国英语]例：LucyThomson,16,wantstostudytheatrebutneedsmorequalifications.露西·汤姆森16岁，想学戏剧，但还需要通过更多的资格考试。9、preparation/ˌprɛpəˈreɪʃən/n.准备；预备(preparations)1、N-UNCOUNTPreparationistheprocessofgettingsomethingreadyforuseorforaparticularpurpose,ormakingarrangementsforsomething.准备例：Rubthesurfaceofthewoodinpreparationforthevarnish.打摩木头的表面为上油漆做准备。例：Fewthingsdistractedthepastorfromthepreparationofhisweeklysermons.几乎没有什么事情使该牧师从他每周布道的准备中分心。2、N-PLURALPreparationsareallthearrangementsthataremadeforafutureevent.准备工作例：TheUnitedStatesismakingpreparationsforalarge-scaleairliftof1,200Americancitizens.美国在为一次1200名美国公民的大规模空运做准备。3、N-COUNTApreparationisamixturethathasbeenpreparedforuseasfood,medicine,oracosmetic.(用作食品、药品或化妆品的)配制品例：...anti-agingcreamsandsensitive-skinpreparations.…抗衰老面霜和针对敏感皮肤的制剂。10、recommend/ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd/vt.推荐；建议(recommending,recommended,recommends)V-TIfsomeonerecommendsapersonorthingtoyou,theysuggestthatyouwouldfindthatpersonorthinggoodoruseful.推荐例：Ijustspentaholidaythereandwouldrecommendittoanyone.我刚在那儿度过一个假期，愿意向任何人推荐那里。例："You'reagoodworker,"hetoldhim."I'llrecommendyouforapromotion."“你是名好员工，”他说。“我要推荐你升职。”2、recommendedADJ被推崇的例：Thoughtenyearsold,thisbookishighlyrecommended.尽管已出版10年了，这本书仍备受推崇。3、V-TIfyourecommendthatsomethingisdone,yousuggestthatitshouldbedone.建议例：Thejudgerecommendedthatheserve20yearsinprison.法官建议判他入狱服刑20年。例：Westronglyrecommendreportingtheincidenttothepolice.我们强烈建议将此事报警。4、V-TIfsomethingorsomeonehasaparticularqualitytorecommendthem,thatqualitymakesthemattractiveorgivesthemanadvantageoversimilarthingsorpeople.使受欢迎;使有优势例：LaCucinarestauranthasmuchtorecommendit.拉库奇那餐馆有许多值得称道的地方。11、shopkeeper/ˈʃɒpˌkiːpə/n.店主(shopkeepers)N-COUNTAshopkeeperisapersonwhoownsormanagesashop.店主;商店经理12、idiom/ˈɪdɪəm/n.习语；成语(idioms)N-COUNTAnidiomisagroupofwordsthathaveadifferentmeaningwhenusedtogetherfromtheonetheywouldhaveifyoutookthemeaningofeachwordseparately.习语[技术]例：...familiaridiomsandmetaphors,suchas"turningoveranewleaf."…如“翻开新的一页”这样熟悉的习语和比喻。13、comfort/ˈkʌmfət/n.舒适；安慰vt.安慰(comforting,comforted,comforts)1、N-UNCOUNTIfyouaredoingsomethingincomfort,youarephysicallyrelaxedandcontented,andarenotfeelinganypainorotherunpleasantsensations.舒服例：Thiswillenabletheaudiencetositincomfortwhilewatchingtheshows.这能使观众看演出时舒服地坐着。.2、N-UNCOUNTComfortisastyleoflifeinwhichyouhaveenoughmoneytohaveeverythingyouneed.舒适例：Surelythereissomewayoforderingourbusylivessothatwecanliveincomfortandfindspiritualharmonytoo.一定会有办法把我们繁忙的生活安排得既舒适又能找到内心平静。.3、N-UNCOUNTComfortiswhatyoufeelwhenworriesorunhappinessstop.安慰例：Hewelcomedthetruce,butpointedoutitwasoflittlecomforttofamiliesspendingChristmaswithoutalovedone.他欢迎休战，但指出这对于没有亲人共度圣诞节的家庭并无多少安慰。例：TheywillbeabletotakesomecomfortfrominflationfiguresdueonFriday.他们将会从预定在周五发布的通货膨胀数字中得到些安慰。4、N-COUNTIfyourefertoaperson,thing,orideaasacomfort,youmeanthatithelpsyoutostopworryingormakesyoufeellessunhappy.安慰例：It'sacomforttalkingtoyou.与你谈谈是一种安慰。5、N-COUNTComfortsarethingswhichmakeyourlifeeasierandmorepleasant,suchaselectricaldevicesyouhaveinyourhome.使生活舒适的东西例：Sheenjoysthematerialcomfortsmarriedlifehasbroughther.她享受着婚姻生活带给她的物质上的舒适。6、V-TIfyoucomfortsomeone,youmakethemfeellessworried,unhappy,orupset,forexamplebysayingkindthingstothem.安慰例：Nedputhisarmaroundher,tryingtocomforther.内德搂着她，试图安慰她。7、PHRASEIfyousaythatsomethingis,forexample,toocloseforcomfort,youmeanyouareworriedbecauseitiscloserthanyouwouldlikeittobe.因(比如太近)而使人不安的例：Thebombsfellinthesea,manytoocloseforcomfort.那些炸弹落进了海里，很多落得太近而使人不安。14、substitute/ˈsʌbstɪˌtjuːt/n.代替者；代用品vt.用……代替……(substituting,substituted,substitutes)1、V-T/V-IIfyousubstituteonethingforanother,orifonethingsubstitutesforanother,ittakestheplaceorperformsthefunctionoftheotherthing.以…代替;代替例：Theyweresubstitutingviolencefordialogue.他们那时在以暴力代替对话。例：HewassubstitutingfortheinjuredWilliamWales.他那时在代替受伤的威廉·威尔士。2、substitutionN-VAR代替例：Inmyexperienceastraightsubstitutionofcarobforchocolatedoesn'twork.以我的经验，角豆直接代替巧克力不会奏效。3、N-COUNTAsubstituteissomethingthatyouhaveoruseinsteadofsomethingelse.替代者例：Sheisseekingasubstitutefortheverymanwhosedeparturemadehercry.他在寻找一个男人的替代者，这个男人的离去曾使她伤心落泪。4、N-COUNTIfyousaythatonethingisnosubstituteforanother,youmeanthatitdoesnothavecertaindesirablefeaturesthattheotherthinghas,andisthereforeunsatisfactory.Ifyousaythatthereisnosubstituteforsomething,youmeanthatitistheonlythingwhichisreallysatisfactory.可替代者例：Theprintedwordisnosubstituteforpersonaldiscussionwithagreatthinker.印刷字无法替代与伟大思想家的当面交流。5、N-COUNTInteamgamessuchasfootball,asubstituteisaplayerwhoisbroughtintoagametoreplaceanotherplayer.替补队员例：Jeffersonenteredasasubstituteinthe60thminute.杰斐逊在第60分钟时作为替补队员上了场。15、academic/ˌækəˈdɛmɪk/adj.学校的；学术的(academics)1、ADJAcademicisusedtodescribethingsthatrelatetotheworkdoneinschools,colleges,anduniversities,especiallyworkthatinvolvesstudyingandreasoningratherthanpracticalortechnicalskills.学术上的[ADJn]例：Theiracademicstandardsarehigh.他们的学术水平很高。2、academicallyADV学术上地例：Heisacademicallygifted.他在学术方面有天份。3、ADJAcademicisusedtodescribethingsthatrelatetoschools,colleges,anduniversities.学校的[ADJn]例：...thestartofthelastacademicyear.…上一个学年的开始。4、ADJAcademicisusedtodescribework,oraschool,college,oruniversity,thatplacesemphasisonstudyingandreasoningratherthanonpracticalortechnicalskills.学术的例：Theauthorhassettledforamoreacademicapproach.该作者已经确定了一种更学术的方法。.5、ADJSomeonewhoisacademicisgoodatstudying.学习好的例：Thesystemisfailingmostdisastrouslyamonglessacademicchildren.这种制度在学习不太好的学生中最失败。6、ADJYoucansaythatadiscussionorsituationisacademicifyouthinkitisnotimportantbecauseithasnorealeffectorcannothappen.空谈的例：Whowantstohearaboutcontractsanddeadlinesthatarepurelyacademic?谁想听那些完全不切实际的合同和最后期限呢?7、N-COUNTAnacademicisamemberofauniversityorcollegewhoteachesordoesresearch.学者例：Agroupofacademicssaytheycanpredicthousepricesthroughacomputerprogram.一批学者声称，他们可以通过一种电脑程序预测房价。16、requirement/rɪˈkwaɪəmənt/n.需要；要求(requirements)1、N-COUNTArequirementisaqualityorqualificationthatyoumusthaveinordertobeallowedtodosomethingortobesuitableforsomething.必备条件例：Itsproductsmetalllegalrequirements.它的产品满足了所有法定的必备条件。2、N-COUNTYourrequirementsarethethingsthatyouneed.需要;必需品[正式]例：Variationsofthisprogrammecanbearrangedtosuityourrequirements.这个软件可以被设置成各种各样的形式以适应你们的需要。17、essay/ˈɛseɪ/n.文章；散文(essays)1、N-COUNTAnessayisashortpieceofwritingonaparticularsubjectwrittenbyastudent.(学生写的)短文例：WeaskedJasontowriteanessayabouthishometown.我们让杰森写一篇关于他家乡的短文。2、N-COUNTAnessayisashortpieceofwritingonaparticularsubjectthatiswrittenbyawriterforpublication.(作家写的)文章例：...ThomasMalthus'sessayonpopulation.…托马斯·马尔萨斯关于人口的文章。18、tutor/ˈtjuːtə/n.导师；助教；家庭教师(tutors)1、N-COUNTAtutorissomeonewhogivesprivatelessonstoonestudentoraverysmallgroupofstudents.家庭教师例：...aSpanishtutor.…一位西班牙语家庭教师。2、N-COUNTInsomeAmericanuniversitiesorcolleges,atutorisateacherofthelowestrank.(一些美国大学或学院的)助教19、△revise/rɪˈvaɪz/vt.复查；修正；复习(revising,revised,revises)1、V-TIfyourevisethewayyouthinkaboutsomething,youadjustyourthoughts,usuallyinordertomakethembetterormoresuitedtohowthingsare.修正(对某事的想法)例：Withtimehecametorevisehisopinionoftheprofession.随着时间的推移，他开始修正自己对这一职业的看法。2、V-TIfyoureviseaprice,amount,orestimate,youchangeittomakeitmorefair,realistic,oraccurate.调整(使更合理、实际、准确)例：Theyrealizedthatsomeoftheirpriceswerehigherthantheircompetitors'andrevisedpricesaccordingly.他们意识到他们的部分价格比竞争对手的高，就相应地调整了价格。3、V-TWhenyoureviseanarticle,abook,alaw,orapieceofmusic,youchangeitinordertoimproveit,makeitmoremodern,ormakeitmoresuitableforaparticularpurpose.修改;修订(使改进、更时尚、更适于某目的)例：Threeeditorshandledtheworkofrevisingthearticlesforpublication.3名编辑负责对要出版的文章进行修订的工作。4、V-IWhenyoureviseforanexamination,youreadthingsagainandmakenotesinordertobepreparedfortheexamination.(为考试)复习[英国英语]例：Revisingforexamsgivesyouachancetobringtogetheralltheindividualpartsofthecourse.考前复习给你一个把课程各独立部分融会贯通的机会。例：Reviewallthenotesyouneedtocoverforeachcourse.复习所有你需要涵盖的每门课的笔记。20、revision/rɪˈvɪʒən/n.复查；修正；复习(revisions)1、N-VARTomakearevisionofsomethingthatiswrittenorsomethingthathasbeendecidedmeanstomakechangestoitinordertoimproveit,makeitmoremodern,ormakeitmoresuitableforaparticularpurpose.修改;修正例：Thephaseofwritingthatisactuallymostimportantisrevision.写作中真正最重要的阶段是修改。2、N-UNCOUNTWhenpeoplewhoarestudyingdorevision,theyreadthingsagainandmakenotesinordertoprepareforanexamination.复习[英国英语]21、draft/drɑːft/n.草稿；草案vt.草拟；起草(drafting,drafted,drafts)1、N-COUNTAdraftisanearlyversionofaletter,book,orspeech.草稿;初稿例：Irewrotehisroughdraft,whichwaspublishedundermyname.我改写了他那篇以我的名义发表了的初稿。例：Ifaxedafirstdraftofthisarticletohim.我把这篇文章的初稿传真给他。.2、N-COUNTAdraftisawrittenorderforpaymentofmoneybyabank,especiallyfromonebanktoanother.汇票例：PaymentsmustbemadeinU.S.dollarsbyabankdraftdrawntotheorderoftheUnitedNationsPostalAdministration.付款必须用开给联合国邮政管理处的银行汇票，并以美元支付。3、N-COUNTAdraftisacurrentofairthatcomesintoaplaceinanundesirableway.(钻进某处的)风[美国英语]例：Blockdraftsarounddoorsandwindows.挡住门窗周围的风。4、V-TWhenyoudraftaletter,book,orspeech,youwritethefirstversionofit.起草例：Hedraftedalettertotheeditors.他草拟了一封给编辑的信。5、V-TIfyouaredrafted,youareorderedtoserveinthearmedforces,usuallyforalimitedperiodoftime.征兵[美国英语][usupassive]例：DuringtheSecondWorldWar,hewasdraftedintotheU.S.Army.第二次世界大战期间，他应征加入美国陆军。6、V-TIfpeoplearedraftedtodosomething,theyareaskedtodoaparticularjob.选派例：ShehopedthatFoxcouldbedraftedtoruntheorganization.她希望福克斯能够被选派来掌管这个组织。7、N-SINGThedraftisthepracticeoforderingpeopletoserveinthearmedforces,usuallyforalimitedperiodoftime.征兵[美国英语]例：...hisefforttoavoidthedraft.…他逃避兵役的努力。22、numb/nʌm/adj.麻木的；失去知觉的(numbing,numbed,numbs)1、ADJIfapartofyourbodyisnumb,youcannotfeelanythingthere.麻木的例：Hecouldfeelhisfingersgrowingnumbattheirtips.他能感觉到他的手指尖正在变得麻木。2、numbnessN-UNCOUNT麻木例：Ihaverecentlybeensufferingfrompainandnumbnessinmyhands.近来我双手一直疼痛、麻木。3、ADJIfyouarenumbwithshock,fear,orgrief,youaresoshocked,frightened,orupsetthatyoucannotthinkclearlyorfeelanyemotion.木然的例：Themother,numbwithgrief,hastroublespeaking.那位母亲，由于悲伤而木然，说不出话来。4、numbnessN-UNCOUNT木然例：Manymenbecomemoreawareofemotionalnumbnessintheir40s.很多男性四十多岁时愈发意识到自己情感上的麻木。5、V-TIfaneventorexperiencenumbsyou,youcannolongerthinkclearlyorfeelanyemotion.使木呆例：ForawhiletheshockofPhilippe'sletternumbedher.收到菲利普来信的惊愕让她木呆了好一会儿。6、numbedADJ惊呆的例：I'msonumbedwithshockthatIcanhardlythink.我被惊呆了，以致几乎无法思考。7、V-TIfcoldweather,adrug,orablownumbsapartofyourbody,youcannolongerfeelanythinginit.使失去知觉例：Thecoldnumbedmyfingers.寒冷使我的手指失去了知觉。例：Aninjectionoflocalanaestheticisusuallygivenfirsttonumbthearea.通常先局部麻药注射使这一部位失去知觉。23、acknowledge/əkˈnɒlɪdʒ/vt.承认；确认；答谢(acknowledging,acknowledged,acknowledges)V-TIfyouacknowledgeafactorasituation,youacceptoradmitthatitistrueorthatitexists.承认(事实或情况)[正式]例：Nayloracknowledged,inalettertothejudge,thathewasadrugaddict.在一封写给法官的信中，内勒承认他是一个吸毒者。例：Belatedly,thegovernmenthasacknowledgedtheproblem.政府过晚地承认了这个问题。2、V-TIfsomeone'sachievements,status,orqualitiesareacknowledged,theyareknownaboutandrecognizedbyalotofpeople,orbyaparticulargroupofpeople.认可(某人的成就、地位或品质)例：Heisalsoacknowledgedasanexcellentgoalkeeper.他还被认可为一名优秀的守门员。3、V-TIfyouacknowledgeamessageorletter,youwritetothepersonwhosentitinordertosaythatyouhavereceivedit.确认收到例：Thearmysentmeapostcardacknowledgingmyrequest.军方寄给我一张明信片以确认收到了我的请求。4、V-TIfyouacknowledgesomeone,forexample,bymovingyourheadorsmiling,youshowthatyouhaveseenandrecognizedthem.(点头或微笑)向…致意例：Hesawherbutrefusedtoevenacknowledgeher.他看到了她，但甚至都拒绝向她致意。24、asfarasoneisconcerned就……而言25、contradict/ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkt/vt.反驳；反斥(contradicting,contradicted,contradicts)1、V-TIfyoucontradictsomeone,youtellthemthatwhattheyhavejustsaidiswrong,orsuggestthatitiswrongbysayingsomethingdifferent.反驳例：Shedarednotcontradicthim.她不敢反驳他。例：Hiscommentsappearedtocontradictremarksmadeearlierinthedaybythechairman.他的评论好像在反驳主席当天早些时候的言论。2、V-TIfonestatementorpieceofevidencecontradictsanother,thefirstonemakesthesecondoneappeartobewrong.与…矛盾例：Herversioncontradictedherdaughter's.她的说法与她女儿的说法相矛盾。26、autonomous/ɔːˈtɒnəməs/adj.自主的；自治的；独立的1、ADJAnautonomouscountry,organization,orgroupgovernsorcontrolsitselfratherthanbeingcontrolledbyanyoneelse.自治的例：Theyproudlydeclaredthemselvespartofanewautonomousprovince.他们自豪地宣布自己是新自治省的一部分。2、ADJAnautonomouspersonmakestheirowndecisionsratherthanbeinginfluencedbysomeoneelse.独立自主的例：Hetreatedusasautonomousindividualswhohadtolearntomakeupourownmindsaboutissues.他视我们为独立个体，必须学会自主处理问题。27、occupy/ˈɒkjʊˌpaɪ/vt.占用；占领；占据(occupying,occupied,occupies)1、V-TThepeoplewhooccupyabuildingoraplacearethepeoplewholiveorworkthere.占用(某建筑、某地)例：Therewereover40tenants,alloccupyingonewingofthebuilding.有40多位房客，都住在该大楼的一翼。2、V-TPASSIVEIfaroomorsomethingsuchasaseatisoccupied,someoneisusingit,sothatitisnotavailableforanyoneelse.占用(座位等)例：Thehospitalbedisoccupiedbyhiswife.那张病床由他妻子占用。3、V-TIfagroupofpeopleoranarmyoccupiesaplaceorcountry,theymoveintoit,usingforceinordertogaincontrolofit.占领例：U.S.forcesnowoccupyapartofthecountry.美国军队现在占领着该国的一部分地区。4、V-TIfsomeoneorsomethingoccupiesaparticularplaceinasystem,process,orplan,theyhavethatplace.占有(某位置)例：Manymenstilloccupymorepositionsofpowerthanwomen.许多男性仍比女性占有更多的权力职位。5、V-TIfsomethingoccupiesyou,orifyouoccupyyourself,yourtime,oryourmindwithit,youarebusydoingthatthingorthinkingaboutit.(某事物)占据(某人);使(自己、自己的时间、自己的思维)被(某事物)占据例：Hercareeroccupiesallofhertime.她的事业占用了她所有的时间。例：Heoccupiedhimselfwithpackingthecar.他忙于装那辆车。6、occupiedADJ占用的[v-linkADJ]例：Keepthebrainoccupied.不让脑子闲下来。7、V-TIfsomethingoccupiesyou,itrequiresyourefforts,attention,ortime.(某事物)占用(某人)例：Ihadothermatterstooccupyme,duringthedayatleast.我有别的事要做，至少白天要被占用。8、V-TIfsomethingoccupiesaparticularareaorplace,itfillsorcoversit,orexiststhere.(某事物)占据(某区域、某地)例：Evensmallaircraftoccupyalotofspace.即便小飞机也占很多空间。28、beoccupiedwith忙着做……；忙于某事物29、enterprise/ˈɛntəˌpraɪz/n.事业；事业心(enterprises)1、N-COUNTAnenterpriseisacompanyorbusiness.公司;企业[商业]例：Thereareplentyofsmallindustrialenterprises.有很多小型的工业企业。2、N-COUNTAnenterpriseissomethingnew,difficult,orimportantthatyoudoortrytodo.事业例：Horsebreedingisindeedariskyenterprise.养马的确是一项有风险的事业。3、N-UNCOUNTEnterpriseistheactivityofmanagingcompaniesandbusinessesandstartingnewones.创业[商业]例：Heisstillinvolvedinvoluntaryworkpromotinglocalenterprise.他仍从事志愿工作推动当地创业。4、N-UNCOUNTEnterpriseistheabilitytothinkofnewandeffectivethingstodo,togetherwithaneagernesstodothem.开创力;开拓精神[表赞许]例：...thespiritofenterpriseworthyofafreeandindustriouspeople.…与一个自由勤劳的民族相称的开拓精神。30、apology/əˈpɒlədʒɪ/n.道谦；谢罪(apologies).1、N-VARAnapologyissomethingthatyousayorwriteinordertotellsomeonethatyouaresorrythatyouhavehurtthemorcausedtroubleforthem.表达歉意的言辞例：Ididn'tgetanapology.我没有得到道歉之词。例：Wereceivedaletterofapology.我们收到了一封致歉信。2、N-PLURALIfyouofferormakeyourapologies,youapologize.(表达)歉意[正式]例：WhenMaryfinallyappeared,shemadeherapologiestoMrs.Velasquez.当玛丽最终露面时，她向委拉斯开兹夫人道了歉。31、seminar/ˈsɛmɪˌnɑː/n.（专题）研讨会(seminars)1、N-COUNTAseminarisameetingwhereagroupofpeoplediscussaproblemortopic.研讨会;专题讨论会例：...aseriesofhalf-dayseminarstohelpbusinessmengetthebestvaluefrominvestingininformationtechnology.…一系列帮助商界人士从投资信息技术中获得最大价值的每次为期半天的专题讨论会。2、N-COUNTAseminarisaclassatacollegeoruniversityinwhichtheteacherandasmallgroupofstudentsdiscussatopic.(大学里由教师指导小组学生参加的)研讨班例：Studentsareaskedtopreparematerialinadvanceofeachweeklyseminar.要求学生为每星期一次的研讨班预先准备好材料。32、videophone/ˈvɪdɪəˌfəʊn/n.可视电话(videophones)N-COUNTAvideophoneisatelephonethathasacameraandscreensothatpeoplewhoareusingthephonecanseeandheareachother.可视电话33、Rugby/ˈrʌɡbɪ/n.（英式）橄榄球N-UNCOUNTRugbyorrugbyfootballisagameplayedbytwoteamsusinganovalball.Playerstrytoscorepointsbycarryingtheballtotheiropponents'endofthefield,orbykickingitoverabarfixedbetweentwoposts.英式橄榄球(运动)34、bachelor/ˈbætʃələ/n.获学士学位的人；未婚男子(bachelors)N-COUNTAbachelorisamanwhohasnevermarried.单身汉例：...America'smosteligiblebachelor.…美国最适合做夫婿的单身汉。35、bachelor’sdegree学士学位36、routine/ruːˈtiːn/n.常规；日常事务adj.通常的；例行的(routines)1、N-VARAroutineistheusualseriesofthingsthatyoudoataparticulartime.Aroutineisalsothepracticeofregularlydoingthingsinafixedorder.惯例;常规例：Theplayershadtochangetheirdailyroutineandlifestyle.这些运动员不得不改变他们的每日常规和生活方式。2、ADJYouuseroutinetodescribeactivitiesthataredoneasanormalpartofajoborprocess.常规的例：...aseriesofroutinemedicaltestsincludingX-raysandbloodtests.…一系列包括X光和验血在内的常规医学检查。3、ADJAroutinesituation,action,oreventisonewhichseemscompletelyordinary,ratherthaninteresting,exciting,ordifferent.平淡的[表不满]例：Somanydaysareroutineanduninteresting,especiallyinwinter.太多的日子都是平淡和无趣，尤其是在冬季。4、N-VARYouuseroutinetorefertoawayoflifethatisuninterestingandordinary,orhardlyeverchanges.平淡乏味[表不满]例：...themundaneroutineofherlife.…她生活的平常乏味。5、N-COUNTAroutineisacomputerprogram,orpartofaprogram,thatperformsaspecificfunction.程序[计算机]例：...aninstallationroutine.…一个安装程序。6、N-COUNTAroutineisashortsequenceofjokes,remarks,actions,ormovementsthatformspartofalongerperformance.(一)套例：...anathleticdanceroutine.…一套体育舞蹈动作。37、minibus/ˈmɪnɪˌbʌs/n.小型公共汽车(minibuses)N-COUNTAminibusisalargevanwhichhasseatsinthebackforpassengers,andwindowsalongitssides.小型公共汽车[also'by'N]例：Hewasthentakenbyminibustothemilitarybase.接着他被小型公共汽车带到了军事基地。38、optional/ˈɒpʃənəl/adj.可选择的；随意的ADJIfsomethingisoptional,youcanchoosewhetherornotyoudoitorhaveit.可选择的例：Sexeducationisasensitiveareaforsomeparents,andthusitshouldremainoptional.性教育对一些家长来说是个敏感的话题，因此应该还是非强制性的。39、dayinanddayout日复一日40、cage/keɪdʒ/n.鸟笼；兽槛(cages)N-COUNTAcageisastructureofwireormetalbarsinwhichbirdsoranimalsarekept.笼子例：Ihatetoseebirdsincages.我不喜欢看到鸟在笼子里。41、bark/bɑːk/vi.（指狗等）吠叫；咆哮n.犬吠声；树皮(barking,barked,barks)1、V-IWhenadogbarks,itmakesashort,loudnoise,onceorseveraltimes.(狗)吠例：Don'tletthedogsbark.别让狗叫。2、N-COUNTBarkisalsoanoun.吠声例：TheDobermanletoutastringofroaringbarks.那条杜宾犬发出一连串的吼叫声。3、V-IIfyoubarkatsomeone,youshoutatthemaggressivelyinaloud,roughvoice.咆哮例：Ididn'tmeantobarkatyou.我不是有意吼你。4、N-UNCOUNTBarkisthetoughmaterialthatcoverstheoutsideofatree.树皮5、Vtoscrapeorruboffskin,asinaninjury擦伤;刮伤42、battery/ˈbætərɪ/n.电池（组）；电瓶；炮台(batteries)1、N-COUNTBatteriesaresmalldevicesthatprovidethepowerforelectricalitemssuchasradiosandchildren'stoys.电池例：Theshaverscomecompletewithbatteries.这些电动剃须刀带有电池。例：...abattery-operatedcassetteplayer.…用电池的磁带放音机。2、N-COUNTAcarbatteryisarectangularboxcontainingacidthatisfoundinacarengine.Itprovidestheelectricityneededtostartthecar.(汽车)蓄电池例：...acarwithadeadbattery.…一辆蓄电池没电了的汽车。3、N-UNCOUNTBatteryisthecrimeofhittingorbeatingsomeone.殴打罪[美国英语][法律]例：LawrencepunchedamaninaLosAngelesnightclubandwaschargedwithbattery.劳伦斯在洛杉矶的一家夜总会里打了人，结果被指控犯了殴打罪。4、seealsoassaultandbattery5、N-COUNTAbatteryofequipmentsuchasguns,lights,orcomputersisalargesetofitkepttogetherinoneplace.一排;一套例：Theystoppedbesideabatteryofabandonedguns.他们停在一排废弃的大炮旁。6、N-COUNTAbatteryofpeopleorthingsisaverylargenumberofthem.一大群;一组例：...abatteryofjournalistsandtelevisioncameras.…一大群记者和电视摄像机。43、△site/saɪt/n.地方；地点；现场(siting,sited,sites)1、N-COUNTAsiteisapieceofgroundthatisusedforaparticularpurposeorwhereaparticularthinghappens.场地;场所例：Iwasworkingasaforemanonabuildingsite.我在一个建筑工地当工头。2、N-COUNTThesiteofanimportanteventistheplacewhereithappened.(事件发生的)现场;场所例：ScientistshavedescribedtheAralseaasthesiteoftheworstecologicaldisasteronearth.科学家们把咸海描绘成地球上生态环境最差的地方。3、N-COUNTAsiteisapieceofgroundwheresomethingsuchasastatueorbuildingstandsorusedtostand.地点;遗址;原址例：...thesiteofMoses'tomb.…摩西墓遗址。4、N-COUNTAsiteisthesameasa.网站5、V-TIfsomethingissitedinaparticularplaceorposition,itisputthereorbuiltthere.使坐落于;把…置于[usupassive]例：HesaidchemicalweaponshadneverbeensitedinGermany.他说从未在德国部署过化学武器。6、sitingN-SING选址例：...controlsonthesitingofgasstoragevessels.…对煤气储存罐选址的种种限制。7、PHRASEIfsomeoneorsomethingisonsite,theyareinaparticularare