国际贸易法Chapter21briefintroductionofcontrac课件

17四月2024国际贸易法Chapter21briefintroductionofcontracChapter2ITLContractLawsTheRelevantRulesFormationofaContractValidityandInvalidityofaContractPerformingaContractRiskandPropertyBreachesandRemedieseasilyconfused!!!!4/17/20242Chapter2ITLContractLawsUnit1BriefIntroductionoftheRelevantLaws1.1TheRelevantNationalLaws1.2TheRelevantInternationalConventions1.3RelevantInternationalCustoms

4/17/20243Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.1TheRelevantNationalLaws1.TheLawSystems

thecivillawsystem[1]

theAnglo-Americanlawsystem[2]

[1]

民法法系[2]

英美法系“Lawsystem”:agroupofstatesorareasthathavesimilarlegaltraditions.“legalSystem”[1]:astate’sdepartment-lawsystem[2]

[1]

法律体系[2]

部门法体系4/17/20244Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.1TheRelevantNationalLaws1.TheLawSystems

(1)TheCivilLawSystem/continentallawsystem[2],/Romanlawsystem[3]hasitsrootsinRomanlaw[4],Canonlaw[5](Christian,especiallyCatholiclaw)andtheEnlightenment[6],alongsideinfluencesfromotherreligiouslawssuchasIslamiclaw.Thelegalsystemsinmanycivillawcountriesarebasedaroundoneorseveralcodesoflaw,i.e.theFrenchCivilCode[7],theGermanBürgerlichesGesetzbuch[8]andtheSwissCivilCode[9].

[1]民法法系[2]大陆法系[3]罗马—日尔曼法系4/17/20245Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.1TheRelevantNationalLaws1.TheLawSystems(2)TheAnglo-AmericanLawSystem/Anglo-Americanlawsystem[1]/EnglishLawsystem[2],/precedentlawsystem[3]isageneraltermofthosecountriesinheritedtheUnitedKingdom’smidageslawtraditionandestablishedtheirlegalsystemonthebasisoftheEnglishcommonlaw.

[1]

英美法系[2]

英国法系[3]

判例法法系4/17/20246Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.1TheRelevantNationalLaws1.TheLawSystems(3)Maindifferentbetweenthetwo

lawsystems

legaloriginlegalprocedurelegalclassification

4/17/20247Chapter2ITLContractLawsCivillawsystem

Commonlawsystemsourcestatuelaw制定法,Judicialprecedent司法判例isnotincludedstatuelawandJudicialprecedentStructureCodessliplaw单行法andprecedentlawJudge’sfunctionOnlyuselawstojudgeUselawsandmakelawslitigationProcedureNon-adversarialProceeding纠问式Adversaryproceeding对抗式4/17/20248Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.1TheRelevantNationalLaws4/17/20249Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.1TheRelevantNationalLaws(a)4/17/202410Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.1TheRelevantNationalLaws2.TheChineseContractLaw

(1)BriefIntroductionoftheChineseContractLaw(2)TheGeneralRuleoftheCivilLaw

ContractLawhaspriority4/17/202411Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.2TheRelevantInternationalConventionsTheCISGisapopularconventionconcerninginternationalsalesofgoods.1.TheDraftingoftheCISG2.TheOutlineofChapterofCISG3.ChinaandCISG4.ApplicationScopeofCISG4/17/202412Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.2TheRelevantInternationalConventions1.TheDraftingoftheCISGByUNCITRAL(http://www.un.or.at/uncitral/)

4/17/202413Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.2TheRelevantInternationalConventions2.TheOutlineofChapterofCISGPREAMBLE

PARTI.Sphereofapplicationandgeneralprovisions

CHAPTER1.Sphereofapplication

CHAPTERII.Generalprovisions

PARTII.Formationofthecontract

PARTIII.Saleofgoods

CHAPTERI.Generalprovisions

CHAPTERII.Obligationsoftheseller

CHAPTERIII.Obligationsofthebuyer

CHAPTERIV.Passingofrisk

CHAPTERV.Provisionscommontotheobligationsofthesellerandofthebuyer

PARTIV.Finalprovisions4/17/202414Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.2TheRelevantInternationalConventions3.ChinaandCISGContractingsateOn11December1986.Tworeservation[1]

(1)RegardingapplicablescopeofCISG,ChinaagreesthatCISGshallbelimitedlybetweenthecontractingcountries(2)Regardingtheformofacontract,Chinaagreesthatacontractofsaleisnecessarilyinwrittenformorbywrittenproof.

[1]

保留4/17/202415Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.2TheRelevantInternationalConventions4.ApplicationScopeofCISG(1)Whatis“international”inCISG?WhenstudyingInternationalTradePractice,howdidyoudefine“internationaltrade”?4/17/202416Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.2TheRelevantInternationalConventions4.ApplicationScopeofCISG(1)Whatis“international”inCISG?

International:PlaceofBusiness(singlestandard)4/17/202417Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.2TheRelevantInternationalConventions4.ApplicationScopeofCISG(1)Whatis“international”inCISG?multiplestandard多重标准.EG:UK’s1977UnfairContractTermsAct:1）whenacontractwasconcluded,thegoodswastransportedfromonecountrytoanother;2）whenofferandacceptanceweredoneindifferentcountries；3）whenthegoodsmustbedeliveredtotheothercountrybutnotthementionedabove.4/17/202418Chapter2ITLContractLawsDISCUSS:WhatisPlaceofBusiness(PoB)?WhataboutifmorethanoneornoPoB?Article10:ifmorethanone,theoneisthathastheclosestrelationshiptothecontractanditsperformance,knownbythepartiesatanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract;ifno,referenceistobemadetohishabitualresidence.4/17/202419Chapter2ITLContractLawsCaseAnAustriancompany,plaintiff,enteredintoacontractforthepurchaseandtransportofspritstoRussiawiththeSwissbranchofacompanythathaditsheadquartersinLiechtenstein.Thecontractwasneverperformedbecauseadisputearoseamongthepartiesregardingthemodeoftransportandthefinaldateofperformance.TheAustrianbuyersuedtheSwisssellerforrepaymentofanadvancepayment,whilethedefendantclaimeddamagesforbreachofcontract.4/17/202420Chapter2ITLContractLawsThecourtheldthat,eventhoughLiechtensteinwasnotacontractingState,theConventionwasapplicablebecausetheSwissbranch,nottheLiechtensteinheadquarters,wastheplaceofbusinessthathadtheclosestrelationshiptothecontractanditsperformance.CISGart.1,104/17/202421Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.2TheRelevantInternationalConventions4.ApplicationScopeofCISG(2)Whatisthescopeof“goods”inCISG?Excludes:(a)forpersonal,familyorhouseholduse,unlesstheseller,atanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract,neitherknewnoroughttohaveknownthatthegoodswereboughtforanysuchuse;(b)Byauction;(c)Onexecutionorotherwisebyauthorityoflaw;(d)Ofstocks[1],shares[2],investmentsecurities[3],negotiableinstruments[4]ormoney;(e)Ofships,vessels,hovercraftoraircraft;(f)Ofelectricity.[1]股票[2]股份[3]投资债券[4]流通票据4/17/202422Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.2TheRelevantInternationalConventions4.ApplicationScopeofCISG(3)Sales：1)musttransfertheproperty;2)mustbepaidinmoney.Exclude:privateandhouseuseexchange,execution,tradeofserviceand三来一补.4/17/202423Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.2TheRelevantInternationalConventions4.ApplicationScopeofCISG(4)Contract：notconcernedwith:(A)thevalidityofthecontractorofanyofitsprovisionsorofanyusage;(B)theeffectwhichthecontractmayhaveonthepropertyinthegoodssold.(C)Theliabilityofthesellerfordeathorpersonalinjurycausedbythegoodstoanyperson.4/17/202424Chapter2ITLContractLawsCaseThedefendants,twoSwisssellersofcomputersoftware,attachedtheSwissbankaccountsoftheplaintiff,aFrenchbuyer,andaskedforspecificperformanceofthesaleofsoftwarecontract,whichhadbeendeclaredavoidedbytheplaintiff.ThecourtruledunderSwisslawinfavorofthedefendants.BecauseCISGenterintoforceinSWon1March1991,whilethecontractwasconcludedon21Sep.1990.PursuanttoCISGart.100,CISGonlyapplytocontractsconcludedonorafter1March1991.4/17/202425Chapter2ITLContractLawsCase2Thedefendant,anAustriansellerofimportedItaliancars,soldaLamborghiniCountachtotheplaintiff,aSwissbuyer.Theseller,however,couldnotdeliverthecartothebuyer.Thecourtheldthatsincethatcarwaspurchasedforpersonaluse,inaccordancewithitsarticle2(a),theCISGwasnotapplicabletothecase.Netherless,thecourtstatedthattheCISGcouldhavebeenappliedtothecaseifthefactthattheseller“neitherknewnoroughttohaveknownthatthegoodswereboughtforanysuchuse”hadbeenprovedbytheseller.4/17/202426Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.3RelevantInternationalCustoms1.PrinciplesofInternationalCommercialContracts(PICC)2.INCOTERMS20004/17/202427Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.3RelevantInternationalCustoms1.PICC(1)TheDraftingofPICCtheGoverningCounciloftheInternationalInstitutefortheUnificationofPrivateLaw(UNIDROIT)publishedthePrinciplesin1994.

4/17/202428Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.3RelevantInternationalCustoms1.PICC(2)ThecontentsofPICCafterrevisionin2004:preamble

GeneralProvisions(Chapter1);MannerofFormation(Chapter2);Validity(Chapter3);Interpretation(Chapter4);Content(Chapter5);Performance(Chapter6);Non-performance(Chapter7);Set-off(Chapter8);Assignmentofrightsandcontract(Chapter9):Limitationperiods(Chapter10).4/17/202429Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.3RelevantInternationalCustoms1.PICC(3)ComparisonwithCISG4/17/202430Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.3RelevantInternationalCustoms1.PICC(3)ComparisonwithCISG4/17/202431Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.3RelevantInternationalCustoms1.PICC(3)ComparisonwithCISG4/17/202432Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.3RelevantInternationalCustoms2.Incoterms2000(1)BriefIntroduction(2)WhyIncoterms?(3)Whatdotheycover?(4)Whatarethe13Incoterms?

YouTellMe!~~~

4/17/202433Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.3RelevantInternationalCustoms

ConceptandRoleofTradetermsConcept:Tradeterms/priceterms;deliveryterms:refertosomecertaintermswhicharecommonlyandwidelyusedininternationalbusiness,thesetermsservedasashorthandmethodofexpressingcertainmeaningsintheareaofgoodsshippingandrisksallocating.4/17/202434Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.3RelevantInternationalCustomsRole:Byusingthesecertaintradeterms,thepartiestoasalecontractcanexpresstheiragreementimmediatelywithlittleconfusionandwithlittlelanguageproblems.

4/17/202435Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.3RelevantInternationalCustomsIncoterms2000includethirteentradeterms,accordingtorelativeresponsibilitiesofeachpartyandtothepointatwhichtheriskoflosspassedfromthesellertobuyer,these13termsareclassifiedinto4groups,namelyEterms,Fterms,CtermsandDterms.4/17/202436Chapter2ITLContractLaws1.3RelevantInternationalCustomsGroupE:EXWGroupF:FCA(freecarrier)