第三部分高考现代文阅读 教学课件

第三部分现代文阅读·······································1·······································2·······································3比对词语常见关键词设误陷阱范围、程度、频率词全部、都、全、人人、所有，一些、部分；必须、一定，严重、非常、十分，更、极其，较、比较；可能、似乎，通常、总是、有时、偶尔等以偏概全·······································4时态词已经、将、将要、曾经、过去、现在、目前、尚未、之前、之后、必将、大概、可能、似乎等混淆时态指代词之、其、此、这、它、那等①偷换概念②张冠李戴③以偏概全是非词一定、必定、的确、出现、有、没有、每、无、无非、拒绝、杜绝、禁止、防止、否则、不同等颠倒是非·······································5·······································6·······································7·······································8·······································9·······································10·······································11·······································12·······································13·······································14·······································15·······································16关系类型设误方式设误陷阱关注重点因果关系因果颠倒强加因果因果混乱①注意选项句中的“因”与“果”在原文中的位置。②注意有无因果关系。③注意关注“因为”“由于”“因而”“所以”等关键词运用得恰当与否·······································17假设关系假设前提下产生的结果，或变成了现实，或变换了假设前提；或把假设关系变成其他关系混淆时态混淆是非曲解文意①注意假设的前提及这个前提下产生的结果。②注意关键词：假设、如果、若等条件关系两个分句间或是把充分条件换成了必要条件，或把必要条件换成了充分条件混淆是非曲解文意①注意原文是充分条件还是必要条件。②注意关键词：只要……就……，只有……才……等·······································18递进关系转换了前后两个句子间的关系，不符合逻辑；或把递进关系变成其他关系曲解文意①注意前后句所在的位置及所表述的内容。②注意关键词：不但(不仅)……而且(并且)……等并列关系转折关系把并列关系或转折关系的前后语句转换成了其他关系曲解文意注意表并列关系、转折关系的关键词，如：一……一……、不是……而是……(表并列)；或：虽然……但是……等·······································19·······································20·······································21·······································22·······································23·······································24·······································25·······································26·······································27选项特征思考趋向解题技巧互换位置：选项将原文中句子的陈述对象和被陈述对象倒置，造成结论与依据互换张冠李戴因果混乱比对选项句和原文中陈述对象、被陈述对象的位置·······································28结论或依据残缺：(1)选项中的结论在原文中能找到，但是选项所说的依据在原文中却找不到。(2)选项中的依据在原文中能找到，但是无法得出选项结论。(3)选项中的结论是多种依据推断出来的，但是选项只有其中一种依据。(4)选项中的依据可造成多种结果，但是选项中的结论却只有一个无中生有以偏概全因果混乱注意：①比对选项中的结果或结论是否有依据。②根据这类选项的不同特征，需要逐一理清结论或依据，有的结论或依据会在不同的段落，需要逐一寻找并概括，然后再进行推断·······································29·······································30·······································31·······································32·······································33·······································34·······································35·······································36·······································37·······································38·······································39·······································40·······································41·······································42选项类型解题技巧从文本整体阅读设题：如整体的论证思路、论证角度、论证重点、论点与论据的关系等①整体把握文章：通读全文，画出论题(论点)，明确立论角度或前提；梳理论证层次，画出每层次中的论证角度和论据，明确其论证方法；画出结论内容，进一步明确文章观点。②分析对照选项：依据上述对文章的整体把握，分析对照相关选项，看论证思路分析是否合理、论证角度是否正确、论证重点的分析是否吻合、论点和论据的关系是否恰当·······································43从文本局部阅读设题：如每个论证层段内的论证思路、论证重点、论据使用、论证方法等①局部细研文段：明确每个论证层段的论题、论证思路、论证重点、论据使用、论证方法。②分析对照选项：依据上述对论证层段的研读，分析对照相关选项，核对其分析是否与原文一致·······································44·······································45·······································46·······································47·······································48·······································49·······································50·······································51·······································52·······································53·······································54·······································55·······································56·······································57·······································58·······································59·······································60·······································61·······································62·······································63······································