Unit3TheInternetDiscoveringUsefulStructures现在完成时的被动语态课件高中英语人教版

Unit3

现在完成时被动语态

1It'sconvenienttokeepintouchwithfriendsthroughtheInternet.2I'dliketointroducetwoappsthatneitherofyouarefamiliarwith.3Sinceshehadnobodytokeephercompany,shebegantochatonline(startedchattingonline)tokilltime.4Nevermakefunofotherswhentheyarecrying,becauseyoumayneverfullyunderstandwhattoughtimestheyhavegonethrough.5Keepinmindthatyoumustkeepyourpersonalinformationprivate.6Afterthreemonths'exercise,hegotinbettershape.Forexample;However;Rather;Tobeginwith;Then;Aslongas;although;suchas现在完成时与现在完成时被动语态的动词形式找出下面句子的谓语结构，哪些是主动？哪些是被动？Jan’slifehasbeengreatlyimprovedbytheInternet.TheInternethasgreatlyimprovedJan’slife.PeoplehavewrittenmuchaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.MuchhasbeenwrittenaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.被动主动主动被动

现在完成时谓语结构

主动被动have/hasdonehave/hasbeendone......已经被......语法导学感知句子，完成方框下的小题一名敌人被击杀。Anenemyhasbeenslained.我方队友被击杀。Anally

hasbeenslained.你被击杀了。Youhavebeenslained.1.以上句子中所使用的时态和语态是

。2.现在完成时的被动语态的构成为：

。现在完成时的被动语态have/hasbeen＋过去分词一、现在完成时的被动语态的常用句式肯定式主语＋have/hasbeendone...否定式主语＋have/hasnotbeendone...一般疑问式Have/Has＋主语＋beendone...？特殊疑问式疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋beendone...？Anewnetworkhasbeensetup.一个新的网络已经建立起来了。ToTom’sdisappointment，hisnovelhasnotbeenpublished.让汤姆失望的是，他的小说还没有被出版。一、现在完成时的被动语态的常用句式肯定式主语＋have/hasbeendone...否定式主语＋have/hasnotbeendone...一般疑问式Have/Has＋主语＋beendone...？特殊疑问式疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋beendone...？Hashisbikebeenrepaired?他的自行车修好了吗？Howmanyresidentshavebeeninvitedtotheconference？有多少居民受到了参会邀请？ThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice现在完成时的被动语态

2.被动语态现在完成时的用法(1)现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与下列时间状语连用：just,already,yet,before,recently,lately,sofar等。Thedoorhasbeenlocked.

门已经被锁上了。（现在说话时门是锁着的）Compare:

Thedoor

waslocked.门当时是锁着的/被锁上了。（与现在说话时门的状态无关，可能锁上或重新打开了）。ThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice现在完成时的被动语态

(2)表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“Howlong...?”句型中。Financialproblemsofthecompanyhavebeendiscussedfornearlytwohours.这个公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时。E.g.

Thebankhasbeenclosed

sinceJuly/forseveralweeks.自从七月以来银行一直关门/已经关门好几个星期了。E.g.

ThechildhasbeentakencareofbyGrandmaWangalltheseyears.

这多些年来这孩子一直由王奶奶照看。ThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice现在完成时的被动语态

3.用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。Youshouldn'twatchTVbeforeyourhomeworkhasbeenfinished.在你的作业完成之前你不应该看电视。We’llstartoutassoonastheworkhasbeenfinished.工作一完成我们将出发。常与现在完成时连用的时间状语：already已经yet已经recently/lately最近sincethen从那时起eversince自那以来ever曾经for

a

long

time很长一段时间sofar迄今为止inrecentyears在最近几年里in/during/overthepast/lastfewyears在过去的几年里

注意事项1.与一般过去时的被动语态的区别

时态

动作发生的时间

对现在有无影响一般过去时的被动语态

过去

无现在完成时的被动语态

过去

有•Theprogramwasdownloadedyesterday.这个程序是昨天下载下来的。•Theprogramhasbeendownloaded.这个程序已经下载下来了。

2.borrow,begin,start,buy,marry,open,join等非延续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，需要改变动词或时态。这本书借了一周了。Thebookhasbeenborrowedforaweek.(x)Thebookhasbeenkeptforaweek.(√)这个工程已经开始多久了？Howlonghasthisprojectbeenstarted?(×)Howlongagowasthisprojectstarted?(√)【学法点拨】非延续性动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有持续性，因而可与since或for引导的时间状语连用。•Thisbookhasnotbeenborrowedsincelastweek.自上周以来没有人借过这本书。

6.含短语动词的句子变为被动语态时，要注意保持短语动词的完整性，动词后面原有的介词或副词不可遗漏。此类短语动词有：(1)动词+介词referto,lookafter,relyon,lookfor,lookat,listento,dreamof,meetwith,laughat,resultin,waitfor,dealwith,operateon主动：Janehasreferredtothebook.被动:Thebookhasbeenreferredto(byJane).(2)动词+名词+介词payattentionto,makeuseof,takepartin,keepaneyeon,makefunof,catchsightof,setfireto,takenoteof,takecareof主动：Tomhaspaidmuchattentiontohishandwriting.被动：Tom'shandwritinghasbeenpaidmuchattentionto.被动:

MuchattentionhasbeenpaidtoTom'shandwriting.

(3)动词+副词turnon,turnoff,carryon,carryout,thinkover,makeup,setup,putdown,handin,pointout,callup主动：Theyhaveputoutthebigfire.被动:Thebigfirehasbeenputout.副词的位置(1)Suchamanhashardlybeenbelieved.(2)Themachinehasalreadybeenrepaired.注意：2.并不是所有动词都有被动语态不及物动词和系动词都没有被动语态形式。但它们中的某些不及物动词虽为主动形式，却可表示被动意义。(1)Thesteelfeelscold.(2)Thebooksmellsold.(3)Goodmedicinetastesbitter.所有的及物动词都有被动语态？often,usually,always,never,hardly,seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。错，只有及物动词才有被动语态形式，但不是所有的及物动词都是如此，如某些表示状态或表示关系的动词或短语只有主动语态，而无被动语态。常见的这类动词有：cost(花费),

fit(适合),have(有),hold(容纳),lack(缺乏),own(占有),suit(适合),fail(失败),belongto(属于),agreewith(同意)等。e.g.(1)TaiwanbelongstoChina.(2)Thecoatcostme¥300.拓展：所有的及物动词都有被动语态？Thepatientshavebeentakengoodcare

of.3.短语动词不可分割也不可省略其中的介词或副

词。问题导学2(4’)Theletter

(post)already.Observethefollowingsentencesandtrytofillintheblanks.hasbeenpostedManyhouses

(build)forthepoorsofar.havebeenbuilt点拨精讲2(4’)用法1:被动动作发生在过去,已经完成,对现在造成影响

或产生结果。(already,yet,sofar,bynow)问题导学2(4’)Themachine

(repair)fortwohoursbutitstilldoesn’twork.hasbeenrepairedPapermoney

(use)forover50years.hasbeenused点拨精讲2(4’)用法2:被动动作发生在过去,持续到现在,并有可能继续

持续下去。(for+一段时间;since)Everyonewillfeelextremelydelightedifhe________________(admit)toSouthChinaNormalUniversity.Youshouldn’tleaveschoolbeforeyourhomework_______________(finish).hasbeenadmittedhasbeenfinished用法3:在时间/条件状语从句中表示可能还没有发生的被动动作。点拨精讲2(10’)1.Themachinehasbeenrepairedalready.2.Themachineisbeingrepairednow.

3.Themachinewasrepairedyesterday.说明动作发生在过去,对现在有影响,“现在修好了”说明动作正在进行只说明动作发生在过去4.Thebabyhasbeentakengoodcareof.4.Thebabyhasbeentakengoodcare.Attention:在被动结构中,动词短语的介词或副词不可去掉5.Greatchangeshavebeentakenplacesince1978.5.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesince1978.Attention:不及物动词或词组无被动

Canyoumakemoresentences,using“have/hasbeendone”?PracticeI

Tallbuildings_______________(build)everywhere.havebeenbuiltShoppingcenters___(build).havebeenbuiltSomefactories__(setup)toimproveeconomies.havebeensetupeconomy[ɪ'kɒnəmɪ]n.经济；节约；理财Theroad___________________(widen).hasbeenwidenedMoredustbins

___

(place)onthestreets.dust灰尘bin箱子，容器；['dʌstbɪn]havebeenplacedMoreandmoretreesandflowers

___(plant)ontheeithersideoftheroads.havebeenplanted1.Ihavedownloadedthesoftwaretohelpmyphonebatterylastlonger.2.Someonehaslostanidentitycard.3.HaveyouconfirmedtheWi-Fipassword?4.Hasanyonemadeacommentabouttheonlinedatabase?Thesoftwarehasbeendownloadedtohelpmyphonebatterylastlonger.Anidentitycardhasbeenlost.HastheWi-Fipasswordbeenconfirmed?Hasa/anycommentbeenmadeabouttheonlinedatabase?Ⅱ.语法填空(用所给词的正确时态、语态填空)LiMing：Hi，LinTao.Hownicetoseeyouonthefirstdayofthenewterm!LinTao：Yes.Nicetoseeyouagain.LiMing：Iknowthatyourparents6.

(work)inYushuforyears.Canyoutellmesomethingthereaftertheearthquake?LinTao：Ofcourse.Sincetheearthquake7.

(happen)，manysoldiers8.

(send)there，andmanykindsofsupplies(物资供应)9.

(carry)therefromalloverthecountry.Now，mostpeoplethere10.

(live)ahappylifeagain.havebeenworkinghappenedhavebeensenthavebeencarriedlive/areliving课堂小结(1’)现在完成时的被动语态含义结构表示过去发生的被动动作现在已经完

成或仍将持续,强调对现在的影响have/hasbeendone形式肯定式否定式疑问式have/hasbeendonehave/hasnotbeendoneHave/Has+主语+beendone?特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+beendone?用法表示已经完成的被动动作表示开始于过去并可能持续下去的被动动作在