(完整版)英语词汇积累

1.budge1.budgebudgesbudgingbudged

Ifsomeonewillnotbudgeonamatter,orifnothingbudgesthem,theyrefusetochangetheirmindortocometoanagreement.

Bothsidessaytheywillnotbudge.

TheAmericansareadamantthattheywillnotbudgeonthispoint.

Noamountofproddingwillbudgehim.

V-ERG:withbrd-neg

2.budgebudgesbudgingbudged

Ifsomeoneorsomethingwillnotbudge,theywillnotmove.Ifyoucannotbudgethem,youcannotmakethemmove.

HermotherrefusedtobudgefromLondon.

Thewindowrefusedtobudge.

IgotagripontheboatandpulledbutIcouldn'tbudgeit.

V-ERG:withbrd-neg2.concussion(脑震荡)concussionconcussions

Ifyousufferconcussionafterablowtoyourhead,youloseconsciousnessorfeelsickorconfused.

Nickywasrushedtohospitalwithconcussion.

Shefelloffahorseandsufferedaconcussion.

N-VARconcussed

Ifsomeoneisconcussed,theyloseconsciousnessorfeelsickorconfusedbecausetheyhavebeenhithardonthehead.

MyleftarmisbadlybruisedandIwasslightlyconcussed.

Hewasbadlywindedandconcussed.

ADJ-GRADED:usuv-linkADJcon·cussv.:toaffectwithorasifwithconcussionAmiddle-agedwomanconcussedbyablowonthehead.3.gouge1.gougegougesgouginggouged

Ifyougougesomething,youmakeaholeoralongcutinit,usuallywithapointedobject.

Hegougedhercheekwithascrewdriver.

...quarrieswhichhavegougedgreatholesinthehills.

VB

+gougegouges

Alsoanoun.

...amuddygougeintheground.

N-COUNT

2.gougegouges

Agougeisatoolwhichisusedforcuttingandshapingwood.

N-COUNT

3.gougegougesgouginggouged

Ifyousaythatabusinessgougesitscustomers,youmeanthatitforcesthemtopayanunfairlyhighpriceforitsgoodsorservices.(mainlyAM,INFORMAL)

Banksandcredit-cardcompanieshavebeenaccusedofgougingtheircustomers.

VBdisapproval

=>gouging

Theairlineindustryhaschargedtheoilcompanieswithpricegouging.

N-UNCOUNT4.fledgling1.fledglingfledglings

Afledglingisayoungbirdthathasitsfeathersandislearningtofly.

N-COUNT

2.fledgling

Youusefledglingtodescribeaperson,organization,orsystemthatisneworwithoutexperience.

...thesoundpracticaladvicehegavetofledglingwriters.

...Russia'sfledglingdemocracy.

ADJ:ADJn5.wither1.witherwitherswitheringwithered

Ifsomeoneorsomethingwithers,theybecomeveryweak.

Whenhewentintoretirement,hevisiblywithered.

Thequestionnowiswhethertherailwayswillflourishorwitherinthehandsoftheprivatesector.

VB

+witherawaywithersaway;witheringaway;witheredaway

Witherawaymeansthesameaswither.

Toseemybodyliterallywitherawaybeforemyeyeswasexasperating.

PHR-V

2.witherwitherswitheringwithered

Ifaflowerorplantwithers,itdriesupanddies.

TheflowersinIsabel'sroomhadwithered.

FarmersintheMidwesthavewatchedtheircropswitherbecauseofdroughtconditions.

VB

=>withered

...amoundofwitheredleaves...

Hisfridgewasbareapartfromthreeverywitheredtomatoes.

ADJ-GRADED:usuADJn

3.witherwithers

Thehighestpartofahorse'sback,behinditsneck,isreferredtoasitswithers.

N-PLURAL6.tab1.tabtabs

Atabisasmallpieceofclothorpaperthatisattachedtosomething,usuallywithinformationaboutthatthingwrittenonit.

AstupidmedicalclerkhadslippedthewrongtabonhisX-raywhilereachingforamugoftea.

...asmallredtabsewnontotheleft-handsideofthebackrightpocket.

N-COUNT

=tag,label

2.tabtabs

Atabisthetotalcostofgoodsorservicesthatyouhavetopay,orthebillorcheckforthosegoodsorservices.(mainlyAM)

Atleastoneestimateputsthetotaltabat$7million.

'I'llgetmypurseoutofthebedroom.'n'Nosweat,Mrs.Day.Wecanputitonyourtab.'

N-COUNT

=bill

3.tabtabs

Atabisametalstripthatyoupulloffthetopofacanofdrinkinordertoopenit.

N-COUNT

4.tabtabs

Atabistabletofadrugthatissoldillegally.(INFORMAL)

OnetabofEcstasycostsatleasts15.

N-COUNT

5.tab

Ifsomeonekeepstabsonyou,theymakesurethattheyalwaysknowwhereyouareandwhatyouaredoing,ofteninordertocontrolyou.(INFORMAL)

ItwasobviousHillhadcomeovertokeeptabsonJohnsonandmakesurehedidn'tdoanythingdrastic.

PHR:Vinflects:PHRn

6.tab

Ifyoupickupthetab,youpayabillonbehalfofagroupofpeopleorprovidethemoneythatisneededforsomething.(INFORMAL)

Pollardpickedupthetabfordinnerthatnight.

TodayanyemployeewithbackorshoulderpaincangostraighttoMrJayandthecompanywillpickupthetab.

PHR:Vinflects7.equilibrium1.equilibriumequilibria

Equilibriumisabalancebetweenseveraldifferentinfluencesoraspectsofasituation.(FORMAL)

Stocksseesawedeverloweruntilpricesfoundsomenewlevelofequilibrium.

Fortheeconomytobeinequilibrium,incomemustequalexpenditure.

N-VAR

2.equilibrium

Someone'sequilibriumistheirnormalcalmstateofmind.

Ipausedinthehalltotakethreedeepbreathstorestoremyequilibrium.

Hehadrecoveredhisequilibriumandevenhisgoodhumour,somehow.

N-UNCOUNT:oftpossN8.lure1.lureluresluringlured

Toluresomeonemeanstotrickthemintoaparticularplaceortotrickthemintodoingsomethingthattheyshouldnotdo.

Heluredhertohishomeandshotherwithhisfather'sgun.

Theydidnotrealizethattheywerebeingluredintoatrap.

Thecompanyaimstoluresmokersbacktocigarettes.

VB

=trick

2.lurelures

Alureisanobjectwhichisusedtoattractanimalssothattheycanbecaught.

N-COUNT

3.lurelures

Alureisanattractivequalitythatsomethinghas,orsomethingthatyoufindattractive.

TheexcitementofhuntingbiggameinAfricahasbeenaluretoEuropeansfor200years.

Thelureofrurallifeisprovingasstrongasever.

N-COUNT:ususing9.vievieviesvyingvied

Ifonepersonorthingisvyingwithanotherforsomething,thepeopleorthingsarecompetingforit.(FORMAL)

Californiaisvyingwithotherstatestocaptureapieceofthegrowingcommunicationsmarket.

Fourrescueplansarevyingtosavethezoo.

Inhospitals,businessplansviewithpatientsfordoctors'attention.

ThetwoarevyingforthesupportofNewYorkvoters.

V-RECIP

=compete,struggle10.continuum(连续统一体;闭联集)1.continuumcontinuaorcontinuums

Acontinuumisasetofthingsonascale,whichhaveaparticularcharacteristictodifferentdegrees.(FORMAL)

Thesevariouscomplaintsarepartofacontinuumofill-health.

Itisatoneendofthecostcontinuum.

N-COUNT:ususing

2.continuumcontinuaorcontinuums

Acontinuumisacontinuousseriesofcloselyconnectedevents.(FORMAL)

Themedicalprofessionalbodiesreplythatdevelopmentfromfertilisationonwardsisacontinuum.

N-COUNT:ususing11.falter1.falterfaltersfalteringfaltered

Ifsomethingfalters,itlosespowerorstrengthinanunevenway,ornolongermakesmuchprogress.

Normallifeisatastandstill,andtheeconomyisfaltering.

Thecarwasoutofsightaroundabendinmoments,buttheenginedidnotfalterorslowdown.

Afalteringeconomyandarecentwaveoflabourunresthaveaffectedthenewparty'spopularity.

VB

2.falterfaltersfalteringfaltered

Ifyoufalter,youloseyourconfidenceandstopdoingsomethingorstartmakingmistakes.

Ihavenotfalteredinmyquestforanewfuture.

Ashenearedthehousehisstepsfaltered.

VB

3.falterfaltersfalteringfaltered

Ifyourvoicefalterswhenyouarespeaking,youhesitateorpause,becauseyouareunsureaboutwhatyouaresayingorareupset.

Hervoicefalteredandshehadtostopamomenttocontrolit.

VB12.volatile1.volatile

Asituationthatisvolatileislikelytochangesuddenlyandunexpectedly.

Therehavebeenriotsbeforeandthesituationisvolatile.

Theinternationaloilmarketshavebeenhighlyvolatilesincetheearly1970s.

Armedsoldiersguardthestreetsinthisvolatileatmosphere.

ADJ-GRADED

=unstable

=>volatility

Heiskeentoseeageneralreductioninarmssalesgiventhevolatilityoftheregion.

...currentstockmarketvolatility.

N-UNCOUNT

=instability

2.volatile

Ifsomeoneisvolatile,theirmoodoftenchangesquickly.

HeaccompaniedthevolatileactresstoHollywoodthefollowingyear.

Hehasavolatiletemper.

ADJ-GRADED

3.volatile

Avolatileliquidorsubstanceisonethatwillquicklychangeintoagas.(TECHNICAL)

It'sthoughtthattheblastoccurredwhenvolatilechemicalsexploded.

ADJ-GRADED13.aggregate1.aggregate

Anaggregateamountorscoreismadeupofseveralsmalleramountsorscoresaddedtogether.

TherateofgrowthofGNPwilldependupontherateofgrowthofaggregatedemand.

EnglandhavebeatentheWelshthreetimesinsuccessionwithanaggregatescoreof83-12.

ADJ:ADJn

+aggregateaggregates

Alsoanoun.

ThehighestaggregatecameinthethirdroundwhereLeedsandMiddlesbroughdrew4-4.

N-COUNT:ususing

2.aggregateaggregates

Anaggregateisanumberofpeopleorthingsthatarebeingconsideredasasinglething.(FORMAL)

...societyviewedasanaggregateofindividuals.

N-COUNT

3.aggregateaggregatesaggregatingaggregated

Ifamountsorthingsareaggregated,theyareaddedtogetherandconsideredasasingleamountorthing.(FORMAL)

Differenteconomies,withdifferentcurrencies,shouldnotbeaggregatedtoproduceuniformpolicies..

Weshouldneveraggregatevotestopredictresultsunderanothersystem.

VB

=>aggregation

Abiggerobjectionisthataggregationoftheresultsinvitesdistortion.

N-UNCOUNT:usuNofn

4.aggregate

Ifanumberofdifferentthingsoramountsareconsideredinaggregate,orintheaggregate,theyareconsideredasasinglethingoramount.(FORMAL)

Expensesaredeductibleonlytotheextentthatinaggregatetheyexceed7percentofgrossincome.

PHR

=intotal

5.aggregate

Ifoneteambeatsanotheronaggregate,itwinsbecauseithasahighertotalscorethantheotherteamafteraseriesofgames.(BRIT)

Unitedwon5-3onaggregate.

PHR:PHRafterv14.nominal1.nominal(名义上的)

Youusenominaltoindicatethatsomeoneorsomethingissupposedtohaveaparticularidentityorstatus,butinrealitydoesnothaveit.

Ashewasstillnotallowedtorunacompany,hiswifebecameitsnominalhead.

IwasbroughtupanominalChristian.

ADJ:usuADJn

=innameonly

=>nominally

TheSultanwasstillnominallytheChiefofStaff.

...SouthAfrica'snominallyindependenthomelandofTranskei...

Nominallysheistheking'sprisoner.

ADV:ADVwithcl/group,ADVbeforev

=technically

2.nominal

Anominalpriceorsumofmoneyisverysmallincomparisonwiththerealcostorvalueofthethingthatisbeingboughtorsold.

Iampreparedtosellmysharesatanominalprice.

Alltheferriescarrybicyclesfreeorforanominalcharge.

ADJ:ADJn

=token

3.nominal

Ineconomics,thenominalvalue,rate,orlevelofsomethingistheoneexpressedintermsofcurrentpricesorfigures,withouttakingintoaccountgeneralchangesinpricesthattakeplaceovertime.

Inflationwouldbelowerandsonominalrateswouldberathermoreattractiveinrealterms.

In1990personalincomesgrewanominal6.8percent.

ADJ:ADJn

*real15.parity1.parity

Ifthereisparitybetweentwothings,theyareequal.(FORMAL)

Womenhaveyettoachievewageoroccupationalparityinmanyfields.

ItalywantednavalparitywithFrance.

N-UNCOUNT

=equality

2.parityparities

Ifthereisparitybetweentheunitsofcurrencyoftwocountries,theexchangerateissuchthattheunitsareequaltoeachother.(TECHNICAL)

Thegovernmentwasreadytoletthepoundsinktoparitywiththedollarifnecessary.

N-VAR16.peg1.pegpegs

Apegisasmallhookorknobthatisattachedtoawallordoorandisusedforhangingthingson.

Hisworkjackethungonthepeginthekitchen.

N-COUNT

2.pegpegs

Apegisasmalldevicewhichyouusetofastenclothestoawashingline.(mainlyBRIT;inAMusuallyuseclothespin)

N-COUNT

=clothespeg

3.pegpegs

Apegisasmallpieceofwoodormetalthatisusedforfasteningsomethingtosomethingelse.

Hebuildsfurnitureusingwoodenpegsinsteadofnails.

...thenoiseofthehammerstrikingthesteelpegs.

N-COUNT

4.pegpegspeggingpegged

Ifyoupegsomethingsomewhereorpegitdown,youfixittherewithpegs.

...tryingtopegadoublesheetonawashinglineonablusteryday...

Pegdownnettingoverthetoptokeepoutleaves.

...atentpeggedtothegroundnearbyforthekids.

VB

5.pegpegspeggingpegged

Ifapriceoramountofsomethingispeggedataparticularlevel,itisfixedatthatlevel.

They'llhavetosettherateatwhichthepoundispeggedtothedeutschmark.

UKtradingprofitswerepeggedats40million.

TheBankwantstopegratesat9%.

...apeggedEuropeancurrency.

VB

Seealsolevel-pegging.

6.peg

Ifyousaythatsomeoneshouldbebroughtdownapegorbetakendownapeg,youmeanthattheyshouldbemadetorealizethattheyarenotsoimportantorwonderfulastheythinktheyare.

Wethoughtitwastimetheywerebroughtdownapegortwo.

We'dhavelikedtoseehertakendownapeg,butnotthisway.

PHR:Vinflects

7.peg

Off-the-pegclothesaremadeinlargenumbersandsenttoshops,notmadespeciallyforaparticularperson.(BRIT;inAMuseoff-the-rack)

...anoff-the-pegtwo-piecesuit...

Insteadofdiningintoprestaurantsandwearingexpensivesuits,helikestoeathamburgersandbuysclothesoffthepeg.

PHR:PHRn,PHRafterv

*made-to-measure

8.peg

Ifyoudescribesomeoneasasquarepeginaroundhole,youmeanthattheyareinasituationordoingsomethingthatdoesnotsuitthematall.

Taylorisclearlythewrongmanforthejobmasquarepeginaroundhole.

PHR:v-linkPHR

=misfit17.eatinto1.eatintoeatsinto;eatinginto;ateinto;eateninto

Ifsomethingeatsintoyourtimeoryourresources,itusesthem,whentheyshouldbeusedforotherthings.

Responsibilitiesathomeandworkeatintohistime.

Wageswererisingfasterthanproductivityandthiswaseatingintoprofits.

PHR-V

2.eatintoeatsinto;eatinginto;ateinto;eateninto

Ifasubstancesuchasacidorrusteatsintosomething,itdestroysordamagesitssurface.

Ulcersoccurwhenthestomach'snaturalacidseatintotheliningofthestomach.

PHR-V18.pinch的其中两个用法

1.Ifapersonorcompanyisfeelingthepinch,theydonothaveasmuchmoneyastheyusedto,andsotheycannotbuythethingstheywouldliketobuy.

Consumersarespendinglessandtradersarefeelingthepinch.

PHR:Vinflects2.pinch

Ifyouareinapinch,youareinadifficultsituation.

I'dtrustherinapinch.

Everyoneknewhewasinapinch.

PHR:oftPHRwithcl19.forage1.forageforagesforagingforaged

Ifsomeoneforagesforsomething,theysearchforitinabusyway.

Theywereforcedtoforageforclothingandfuel.

VB

2.forageforagesforagingforaged

Whenanimalsforage,theysearchforfood.

Wedisturbedawildboarthathadbeenforagingbytheroadside.

Thecatforagesforfood.

VB

3.forage

Forageiscropsthataregrownasfoodforcattleandhorses.

...theamountofforageneededtofeedonecowanditscalf.

N-UNCOUNT20.slump1.slumpslumpsslumpingslumped

Ifsomethingsuchasthevalueofsomethingslumps,itfallssuddenlyandbyalargeamount.

Netprofitsslumpedby41%.

GovernmentpopularityinScotlandhasslumpedtoitslowestlevelsincethe1970s.

VB

+slumpslumps

Alsoanoun.

Thecouncil'slandisnowworthmuchlessthanoriginallyhopedbecauseofaslumpinpropertyprices.

N-COUNT:oftNinn

2.slumpslumps

Aslumpisatimewhenmanypeopleinacountryareunemployedandpoor.

...theslumpoftheearly1980s.

N-COUNT

=recession

3.slumpslumpsslumpingslumped

Ifyouslumpsomewhere,youfallorsitdownthereheavily,forexamplebecauseyouareverytiredoryoufeelill.

Sheslumpedintoachair.

Hesawthedriverslumpedoverthewheel.

VB21.amnesty1.amnestyamnesties

Anamnestyisanofficialpardongrantedtoagroupofprisonersbythestate.

Activistswhowereinvolvedincrimesofviolencewillnotautomaticallybegrantedamnesty.

N-VAR

=pardon

2.amnestyamnesties

Anamnestyisaperiodoftimeduringwhichpeoplecanadmittoacrimeorgiveupweaponswithoutbeingpunished.

Thegovernmenthasannouncedanimmediateamnestyforrebelfighters.

N-COUNT22.Munition（n.军火）Munitionisoftendefinedasasynonymforammunition.Aslightlybroaderdefinitionwouldincludebombs,missiles,warheads,andmines(landmines,navalmines,andclaymoremines)--whatmunitionsfactoriesmanufacture.Thesemunitionsareflungalloverbattlefieldsandwarzoneswithlethalintent;unexplodedonesmayposeahazardtociviliansforyearsafterwards.23.bombletn.（名词）Oneofanumberofsmallbombsusuallycontainedinaclusterbombandreleasedinmidair.小炸弹：通常指包含榴霰弹之中并在空中释放的小炸弹之一24.instillin·still/ɪn`stɪl/verb[transitive]tomakesomeonehaveaparticularfeelingorbelief:

instillsomethinginsomeone:Hisparentshadinstilledalastingloveofmusicinhim.25.paraplegicparaplegicparaplegics

Aparaplegicissomeonewhocannotmovethelowerhalfoftheirbody,forexamplebecauseofaninjurytotheirspine.

N-COUNT

+paraplegic

Alsoanadjective.

Apassengerwasinjuredsobadlyhewillbeparaplegicfortherestofhislife.

ADJ26.renditionrenditionrenditions

Arenditionofaplay,poem,orpieceofmusicisaperformanceofit.

Themusiciansburstintoarousing*renditionof'PaddyCasey'sReel'.

N-COUNT:usuNofn

=performanceRousing:1.Givingorrisingexcitementofsth.E.g.arousingspeech2.Exceptional,supreme27.hiatushiatus/haɪ`eɪtəs/Ahiatusisapauseinwhichnothinghappens,oragapwheresomethingismissing.(FORMAL)

Diplomaticeffortstoreachasettlementresumetodayafteratwo-weekhiatus.

Therewasanhiatusinhisactinglife.

N-SING:usuwithsupp,oftNin/ofn28.acclaim1.acclaimacclaimsacclaimingacclaimed

Ifsomeoneorsomethingisacclaimed,theyarepraisedenthusiastically.(FORMAL)

MorerecentlyshehasbeenacclaimedfortheTVdramas'PrimeSuspect'and'Civvies'.

HewasacclaimedasEngland'sgreatestmodernpainter.

Thegroup'sdebutalbumwasimmediatelyacclaimedahiphopclassic.

VB:usupassive

=>acclaimed

Shehaspublishedsixhighlyacclaimednovels.

ADJ-GRADED

2.acclaim

Acclaimispublicpraiseforsomeoneorsomething.(FORMAL)

AngelaBassetthaswoncriticalacclaimforherexcellentperformance.

Allthisequipmenthasreceivedinternationalacclaimfromthespecialisthi-fipress.

N-UNCOUNT:usuwithsupp,oftadjN

=praise29.misanthropic(厌恶人类者的：厌恶人类者的、与厌恶人类者有关的或有厌恶人类者的特性的)misanthropic

Ifyoudescribeapersonortheirfeelingsasmisanthropic,youmeanthattheydonotlikeotherpeople.(FORMAL)

Hisfatherwasamisanthropicbutsuccessfulbusinessman.

ADJ-GRADED30.accoladeaccoladeaccolades

Ifsomeoneisgivenanaccolade,somethingisdoneorsaidaboutthemwhichshowshowmuchpeopleadmirethem.(FORMAL)

TheNobelprizehasbecometheultimateaccoladeinthesciences.

AriHartrecentlyreceivedtheaccoladeofbeingrepresentedintheMuseumofModernArt.

N-COUNT

=honour,award,tribute31.apartapart1positionsandstates

Inadditiontotheusesshownbelow,apartisusedinphrasalverbssuchas`growapart'and`takeapart'.

1apart

Whenpeopleorthingsareapart,theyaresomedistancefromeachother.

Hewasstandingabitapartfromtherestofus,watchingus.

ShesawSheilastandingsomedistanceapart.

RayandsisterReneelivedjust25milesapartfromeachother.

...regionsthatweretoofaraparttohaveanywayofknowingabouteachother...

Hewasstanding,feetapart.

ADV:ADVafterv,oftADVfromn

2apart

Iftwopeopleorthingsmoveapartorarepulledapart,theymoveawayfromeachother.

JohnandIsabellemovedapart,backintothesun.

Hetriedinvaintokeepthetwodogsapartbeforetheneighbourintervened.

ADV:ADVafterv

3apart

Iftwopeopleareapart,theyarenolongerlivingtogetherorspendingtimetogether,eitherpermanentlyorjustforashorttime.

ItwasthefirsttimeJaneandIhadbeenapartformorethanafewdays.

MumandDadliveapart.

ADV:beADV,ADVafterv

4apart

Ifyoutakesomethingapart,youseparateitintothepiecesthatitismadeof.Ifitcomesorfallsapart,itspartsseparatefromeachother.

Whentheclockstoppedhetookitapart,foundwhatwaswrong,andputthewholethingtogetheragain.

Manyschoolbuildingsareunsafe,andsomearefallingapart.

ADV:ADVafterv

5apart

Ifsomethingsuchasanorganizationorrelationshipfallsapart,orifsomethingtearsitapart,itcannolongercontinuebecauseithasseriousdifficulties.

Anymanagerknowsthathiscompanywillstartfallingapartifhisattentionwanders.

HermarriagetofilmproducerMichaelGreenburgfellapart.

ADV:ADVafterv

6apart

Ifsomethingsetssomeoneorsomethingapart,itmakesthemdifferentfromotherpeopleorthings.

WhatreallysetsMrThaksinapartisthathecomesnotfromSouthernChina,butfromnorthernThailand.

Healthspendingtendstorisedisproportionatelyascountriesbecomericher;butevenadjustingforthis,Americaisacaseapart.

ADV:ADVafterv,nADV

7apart

Ifpeopleorgroupsarealongwayapartonaparticulartopicorissue,theyhavecompletelydifferentviewsanddisagreeaboutit.

Officialssaythey'resofarapartonsuchawiderangeofissuesthere'snotellinghowlongthetalkscoulddragon.

Theirconceptofaperformanceandourconceptweremilesapart.

ADJ:v-linkamountADJ,oftADJonn

8apart

Ifyoucan'ttelltwopeopleorthingsapart,theylookexactlythesametoyou.

IcanstillonlytellMarkandDaveapartbythecolouroftheirshoes!.

Freerangeandbatteryeggs,boiledforfourminutes,werehardtotellapart.

PHR:Vinflects,usuwithbrd-neg

apart2indicatingexceptionsandfocusing

1apart

Youuseapartfromwhenyouaremakinganexceptiontoageneralstatement.

Theroomwasemptyapartfromonemanseatedbesidethefire.

ShewastheonlyBritishcompetitorapartfromRichardMeade.

PHR-PREP

=exceptfor

2apart

Youuseapartwhenyouaremakinganexceptiontoageneralstatement.

Thiswas,NewYorkapart,thefirstAmericancityIhadeverbeeninwherepeopleactuallyliveddowntown.

ADV:nADV

=excepted

3apart

Youuseapartfromtoindicatethatyouareawareofoneaspectofasituation,butthatyouaregoingtofocusonanotheraspect.

IlliteracythreatensBritain'sindustrialperformance.But,quiteapartfromthat,theindividualwhocan'treadorwriteisunlikelytogetajob.

Therewasalwayssomethingtolookforwardto,apartfromRachel'svisits.

PHR-PREP

4apart

Youuseaparttoindicatethatyouareawareofoneaspectofasituation,butthatyouaregoingtofocusonanotheraspect.

Thatargumentapart,itisfortheGermansthemselvestoworkouthowtheirforcesshouldcometogether.

ADV:nADV

=aside32.proposition1.propositionpropositions

Ifyoudescribesomethingsuchasataskoranactivityas,forexample,adifficultpropositionoranattractiveproposition,youmeanthatitisdifficultorpleasanttodo.

Makingeasymoneyhasalwaysbeenanattractiveproposition.

EvenamongseasonedmountaineersPinnacleRidgeisconsideredquiteatoughproposition.

N-COUNT:ususing,adjN

2.propositionpropositions

Apropositionisastatementoranideawhichpeoplecanconsiderordiscusstodecidewhetheritistrue.(FORMAL)

Thepropositionthatdemocraciesdonotfighteachotherisbasedonatinyhistoricalsample.

N-COUNT:oftNthat

=suggestion,theory

3.propositionpropositions

IntheUnitedStates,apropositionisaquestionorstatementaboutanissueofpublicpolicywhichappearsonavotingpapersothatpeoplecanvotefororagainstit.

VoteYesonProposition136,butNoonPropositions129,133and134.

N-COUNT:oftNnum

4.propositionpropositions

Apropositionisanofferorasuggestionthatsomeonemakestoyou,usuallyconcerningsomeworkorbusinessthatyoumightbeabletodotogether.

Youcametoseemeatmyofficetheotherdaywithabusinessproposition.

Iwanttomakeyouaproposition.

N-COUNT

5.propositionpropositionspropositioningpropositioned

Ifsomeonewhoyoudonotknowverywellpropositionsyou,theysuggestthatyouhavesexwiththem.

MrWhitfieldhadallegedlytriedtopropositionMissHawes.

VB

+propositionpropositions

Alsoanoun.

...unwantedsexualpropositions.

N-COUNT33.goback1.gobackgoesback;goingback;wentback;goneback

Ifsomethinggoesbacktoaparticulartimeinthepast,itwasmadeorstartedatthattime.

ThefeudwiththeCatholicsgoesbacktothe11thcentury.

Ourassociationwithhimgoesbackfouryears.

PHR-V

2.gobackgoesback;goingback;wentback;goneback

Ifsomeonegoesbacktoatimeinthepast,theybegintodiscussorconsidereventsthathappenedatthattime.

Ifyougobackto1960,you'llfindthatveryfewjobswerebeingcreated.

PHR-V33.slippageslippageslippages

Slippageisafailuretomaintainasteadypositionorrateofprogress,sothataparticulartargetorstandardisnotachieved.

...asubstantialslippageinthevalueofsterling...

Wewanttostoptheslippageofthequalityofpublicservices.

N-VAR34.shutoff1.shutoffshutsoff;shuttingoff

Ifyoushutoffsomethingsuchasanengineoranelectricalitem,youturnitofftostopitworking.

Theypulledoverandshutofftheengine.

WillsomebodyforGod'ssakeshutthatalarmoff.

PHR-VTheformshutisusedinthepresenttenseandisthepasttenseandpastparticiple

=switchoff

2.shutoffshutsoff;shuttingoff

Ifyoushutyourselfoff,youavoidseeingotherpeople,usuallybecauseyouarefeelingdepressed.

Billytendstokeepthingstohimselfmoreandshuthimselfoff.

Sheshutherselfofffromallthesocialaspectsoflife.

PHR-VTheformshutisusedinthepresenttenseandisthepasttenseandpastparticiple

3.shutoffshutsoff;shuttingoff

Ifanofficialorganizationshutsoffthesupplyofsomething,theynolongersendittothepeopletheysuppliedinthepast.

TheStateWaterProjecthasshutoffallsuppliestofarmers.

PHR-VTheformshutisusedinthepresenttenseandisthepasttensean