新视野英语4复习题-2

新视野英语4复习题PassagePassage1Annaarrivedfartooearly.Usuallysheleftthingstothelastmute,buttodaywasaveryspecialoccasion.Itwasalmostasifbygettingthereanhourbeforehandshehopedtocausetheplanetoarrivesooner.Thoughtsracedthroughhermind."DoIlookallright?Wi11henoticethatI'mwearinganewtrousersuit?Willheevenrecognizeme?"Afterall,itwasayearalmosttothedaysinceshehadlastseenJoe.Shefishedamirroroutofherhandbagandinspectedhexface.Toomuchmake-up?Joehadnevermadeanycommentbutsheknewthathedidnotapproveofheavymake-up--"gildingthelily",hecalledit.Itwasfunnyhowmuchimportancesheattachedtomakingagoodimpressiononhim.Afterall,friendsdonotjudgeeachotherbyappearance.Allthesame,itwasthefirstmeetingafteralongseparation,andshewantedeverythingtogooffright.Lookingoutofthewindow,Joecaughtafirstglimpse,throughabreakintheclouds,ofthetownfarbelow.Thiswashisthirdvisit,andlookedlikebecominganannualevent.CertainlyitwasveryflatteringthattheyhadinvitedhimtobetheguestlecturerattheirAutumnCongressyetagain.TheChairmanoftheOrganizingCommittee,asamatterofcourtesy,hadofferedtomeethimattheairport,ashehaddoneonpreviousoccasions.Thistime,however,itwasnotnecessary,partlybecauseJoewasquitefamiliarwiththecity,butmainlybecauseAnnahadsaidthatshecouldtaketheafternoonoffinordertocomeandmeethim.1.Annalookedinhermirrorbecause__________.A)shewantedtocheckthathermake-upwasalrightB)incaseshehadtoomuchmake-uponC)sheknewthatJoedisapprovedofheavymake-upD)shewantedtomakeagoodimpressiononJoe2.AnnathoughtthatJoemightnotrecognizeherbecauseA)shewaswearinganewsuit.B)hehadnotseenherforaboutayear.C)Hemightexpectsomeoneelsetomeethim.D)Shehadchangedalotinthepastyear.3.WhendidAnnagettotheairport?A)Aboutanhourearlier.B)Justbeforetheplanewasduetoland.C)Atthelastpossibleminute.D)Shortlyaftertheplanehadarrived.4.HowmanytimeshadJoebeentothistown?A)Severaltimesbefore.B)Threetimesbefore.C)Twicebefore.D)Fourtimesbefore.5.JoedidnotwanttheChairmantomeethimbecause________.A)theChairmanwasnotwillingtomeethimB)hewasnotsurewhichdayhewouldtravelC)hecouldnotfindhisownwaytothecitycenterD)hethoughtthatAnnawouldbetheretomeethimPassage2Oneofthequalitiesthatmostpeopleadmireinothersisthewillingnesstoadmitone'smistakes.Itisextremelyhardsometimestosayasimplethinglike"Iwaswrongaboutthat,"anditisevenhardertosay,"Iwaswrong,andyouwererightaboutthat."Ihadanexperiencerecentlywithsomeoneadmittingtomethathehadmadeamistakefifteenyearsago.HetoldmehehadbeenthemanagerofacertaingrocerystoreintheneighborhoodwhereIgrewup,andheaskedmeifIrememberedtheeggcartons.ThenherelatedanincidentandIbegantoremembervaguelytheincidenthewasdescribing.Iwasabouteightyearsoldatthetime,andIhadgoneintothestorewithmymothertodotheweeklygroceryshopping.Onthatparticularday,Imusthavefoundmywaytothedairyfooddepartmentwheretheincidenttookplace.Theremusthavebeenaspecialsaleoneggsthatdaybecausetherewasanimpressivedisplayofeggsindozenandhalf-dozencartons.Thecartonswerestackedthreeorfourfeethigh.Imusthavestoppedinfrontofadisplaytoadmirethestacks.Justthenawomancamebypushinghergrocerycartandknockedoffthestacksofcartons.Forsomereason,Idecideditwasuptometoputthedisplaybacktogether,soIwenttowork.Themanagerheardthenoiseandcamerushingovertoseewhathadhappened.Whenheappeared,Iwasonmykneesinspectingsomeofthecartonstoseeifanyoftheeggswerebroken,buttohimitlookedasthoughIwastheculprit.Heseverelyreprimandedmeandwantedmetopayforanybrokenegg.Iprotestedmyinnocenceandtriedtoexplain,butitdidnogood.EventhoughIquicklyforgotallabouttheincident,apparentlythemanagerdidnot.1.Howoldwastheauthorwhenhewrotethisarticle?A)About8.C)About15.B)About23.D)About25,2.Whoshouldbetoblameforknockingoffthestacksofcartonsofeggs?A)Themanager.B)Thewriter.C)Awoman.D)Thewriter'smother.3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A)Itwastheauthorwhoputthedisplaybacktogether.B)Awomancarelesslyknockedoffthestacksofcartons.C)Thewriterwasseverelyreprimandedbythemanager.D)Thewomanwhoknockedoffthestacksofcartonswasseverelyreprimandedbythemanager.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A)AnIncidentThatIRemember.B)IUsedtoBetheCulprit.C)It'sHardtoAdmitOne'sMistakes.D)ACaseofMistakenIdentity.5.Thetoneofthearticleexpressestheauthor'sA)admirationforthemanager'swillingnesstoadmitthemistakeshemadeB)regretforthemistakehemadeinthegrocerystoreC)indignationagainstthewomanwhoknockedoffthestacksofcartonsofeggsD)angertothemanagerforhiswrongchargePassage3Asweknow,itisveryimportantthatafirmshouldpayattentiontothetrainingofitsstaffasthereexistmanyweakpartsinitsvariousdepartment.Stafftrainingmusthaveapurpose,whichisdefinedwhenafirmconsidersitstrainingneeds,whichareinturnbasedonjobdescriptionsandjobspecifications.Ajobdescriptionshouldgivedetailsoftheperformancethatisrequiredforaparticularjob,andajobspecificationshouldgiveinformationaboutthebehavior,knowledgeandskillsthatareexpectedofanemployeewhoworksinit.Whenallofthishasbeencollected,itispossibletomakeatrainingspecification.ThisspecifieswhatthetrainingDepartmentmustteachforthesuccessfulperformanceofthejob,andalsothebestmethodstouseinthetrainingperiod.Therearemanydifferenttrainingmethods,andthereareadvantagesanddisadvantagesofallofthem.Successfultrainingprogrammesdependonanunderstandingofthedifferencebetweenlearningaboutskillsandtraininginusingthem.Itisfrequentlysaidthatlearningaboutskillstakesplace"offthejob"intheclassroom,buttraininginusingtheseskillstakesplace"onthejob",bymeansofsuchactivitiesaspracticeintheworkshop.Itisalwaysdifficulttoevaluatethecostsandsavingsofatrainingprogramme.Thesuccessofsuchaprogrammesdependsnotonlyonthemethodsusedbutalsoonthequalityofthestaffwhodothetraining.Acompanycanoftencheckonsavingsintimeandcostbyexaminingtheworkperformedbytheworkersandtechnicianswhohavecompletedatrainingprogramme.Theevaluationofmanagementtrainingismuchmorecomplexthanthat.1.Tobesuccessfulinourtrainingprogrammes,onemustunderstandthedifferencebetweenA)thesavingsintimeandcost_________.B)learningabouttheskill.andtraininginusingthemC)whatistaughtandhowitistaughtD)ajobdescriptionandajobspecification2.Thesuccessofatrainingprogrammedependson__________.A)theplacewherethetrainingtakesplaceB)theproperevaluationofthecostsandsavingsoftheprogrammeC)theperformanceoftheworkersandtechnicianstrainedintheprogrammeD)thetrainingmethodsandthequalityofthetrainingstaff3.Atrainingspecificationattachesgreatimportanceto__________.A)theperformancerequiredforacertainjobB)thebehavior,knowledgeandskillsexpectedofanemployeeC)thetrainingcontentsandmethodsD)thecostsandsavingsoftheprogramme4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A)Asthereexistweakpartsindifferentdepartmentsofafinn,thetrainingofitsstaffishighlynecessary.B)Atrainingspecificationisbasedontheinformationcollectedfromajobdescriptionandajobspecification.C)Learningaboutskillsandtraininginusingskillsusuallydon'ttakeplaceatthesameplace.D)Itiseasiertoevaluatemanagementtrainingthantoevaluatethetrainingofworkersandtechnicians.5.Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe__________.A)TheImportanceofStaffTraining.B)StaffTrainingProgrammeC)HowtoDescribeandSpecifyaJobD)ASuccessfulTrainingProgrammePassage4WashingtonIrvingwasAmerica'sfirstmanofletterstobeknowninternationally.HisworkswerereceivedenthusiasticallybothinEnglandandintheUnitedStates.Hewas,infact,oneofthemostsuccessfulwritersofthetimeineithercountry,delightingalargegeneralpublicandatthesametimewinningtheadmirationoffellowwriterslikeScottinBritainandPoeandHawthorneintheUnitedStates.Therespectinwhichhewasheldpartlyowingtothemanhimself,withhiswarmfriendliness,hisgoodsense,hisurbanity,hisgayspirits,hisartisticintegrity,hisloveofboththeOldWorldandtheNew.ThackeraydescribedIrvingasa"gentleman,who,thoughhimselfborninnoveryhighsphere,wasmostfinished,polished,witty,sociallytheequalofthemostrefinedEuropeans."InEnglandhewasgrantedanhonorarydegreefromOxford--anunusualhonorforacitizenofayoung,unculturednation--andhereceivedtheRoyalSocietyofLiterature;AmericamadehimambassadortoSpain.Irving'sbackgroundprovideslittletoexplainhisliteraryachievements.Agiftedbutdelicatechild,hehadlittleschooling,Hestudiedlaw,butwithoutzeal,andneverdidpracticeseriously.HewasimmunetohisstrictPresbyterianhomeenvironment,frequentingbothsocialgatheringsandthetheater.1.ThemainpointofthefirstparagraphisthatWashingtonIrvingwas___________.A)amanwhosepersonalcharmenabledhimtosellbasicallyinferiorworkB)amanwhowasabletomovefromliteraturetopoliticsC)awriterwhohadgreatsuccessbothinhisowncountryandabroadD)America'sfirstmanofletters2.WhatisimpliedbythecommentaboutScott,PoeandHawthorne?A)MoreAmericansthanBritonsadmiredIrving.B)Irving'sworkwasnotonlypopular,butalsoofhighliteraryquality.C)Scott,Poe,andHawthornewereprimarilyresponsibleforIrving'ssuccess.D)Irvingenjoyedgreatpopularadmiration.3.ThackerayconsideredIrvingA)themostrefinedEuropeanofhistimeB)oneofthemostrefinedEuropeansC)refined,likemostEuropeansD)notinferiortoEuropeansofthehighestrefinement4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribe~theeffectofIrving'spersonalqualitiesonhisliterarysuccess?A)Hispersonalqualitieswereentirelyresponsibleforhisliterarysuccess.B)Hispersonalqualitieswereprimarilyresponsibleforhisliterarysuccess.C)Hispersonalqualitieshadsomeinfluenceonhisliterarysuccess.D)Hispersonalqualitieshadnoinfluenceonhisliterarysuccess.5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheeffectofIrving'sPresbyterianbackgroundonhislife?A)Itfosteredhisloveforthetheater.B)Itdevelopedhisskillsinbusinesstransaction.C)Itpromotedhisinterestinlaw.D)Ithadalmostnoeffectonhislife.Passage5Whenaconsumerfindsthatanitemsheorheboughtisfaultyorinsomeotherwaydoesnotliveuptothemanufacturer'sclaimforit,thefirststepistopresentthewarranty(保单),oranyotherrecordswhichmighthelp,atthestoreofpurchase.Inmostcases,thisactionwillproduceresults.However,ifitdoesnot,therearevariousmeanstheconsumermayusetogainsatisfaction.Asimpleandcommonmethodusedbymanyconsumersistocomplaindirectlytothestoremanager.Ingeneral,the"higherup"theconsumertakeshisorhercomplaint,thefasterheorshecanexpectittobesettled.Insuchacase,itisusuallysettledintheconsumer'sfavor,assumingheorshehasajustclaim.Consumersshouldcomplaininpersonwheneverpossible,butiftheycannotgettotheplaceofpurchase,itisacceptabletophoneorwritethecomplaintinaletter.Complainingisusuallymosteffectivewhenitisdonepolitelybutfirefly,andespeciallywhentheconsumercandemonstratewhatiswrongwiththeiteminquestion.Ifthiscannotbedone,theconsumerwillsucceedbestbypresentingspecificinformationastowhatiswrong,ratherthanbymakinggeneralstatements.Forexample,"Theleftspeakerdoesnotworkatallandthesoundcomingoutoftherightoneisunclear"isbetterthan"Thisstereo(立体声音响)doesnotwork".Thestoremanagermayadvisetheconsumertowritetothemanufacturer.Ifso,theconsumershoulddothis,statingthecomplaintaspolitelyandasfireflyaspossible.Butifapolitecomplaintdogsnotachievethedesiredresult,theconsumercangoastepfurther.Sheorhecanthreatentotakethesellertocourtorreportthesellertoaprivateorpublicorganizationresponsibleforprotectingconsumers'rights.1.Whenaconsumerfindsthathispurchasehasafaultinit,thefirstthingheorsheshoulddoisto___________.A)complaininpersontothemangerB)threatentotakethemattertocourtC)writeafirmletterofcomplainttothestoreofpurchaseD)showsomewrittenproofofthepurchasetothestore2.Ifaconsumerwantsaquicksettlementofhisorherproblem,itisbettertocomplainto__________.A)apublicorganizationB)ashopassistantC)astoremanagerD)themanufacturer3.Themosteffectivecomplaintcanbemadeby__________.A)askingpolitelytochangetheitemB)sayingfireflythattheitemisofpoorqualityC)explainingexactlywhatiswrongwiththeitemD)showingthefaultyitemtothemanufacturer4.Thephrase"liveupto"(Line2,Para.1)inthecontextmeans"__________".A)realizethepurposeofB)keepthepromiseofC)meetthestandardofD)fulfillthedemandsof5.Thepassagetellsus____________.A)howtodealwithcomplaintsfromcustomersB)howtoavoidbuyingafaultyitemC)howtomakeaneffectivecomplaintaboutafaultyitemD)how,tosettleaconsumer'scomplaintaboutafaultyitemPassage6Whenyouturnontheradio,youhearanadvertisement.Whenyouwatchtelevision,youhearandseeanadvertisement.Ifyouturnthepagesofanewspaperormagazine,againyoufindanadvertisement.Ifyouwalkdownthestreet,youseeoneadvertisingboardafteranother.Allday,everyday,peoplewhowanttosellyousomethingcompetetocatchyourattention.Asaresult,advertisementsarealmosteverywhere.IntheWest,advertisementsarethefuelthatmakesmassmediawork.ManyTVstations,newspapers,magazines,andradiostationsareprivatelyowned.Thegovernmentdoesnotgivethemmoney.Sowheredoesthemoneycomefrom?Itcomesfromadvertisement.Withoutadvertisements,therewouldnotbetheseprivatebusinesses.Haveyoueveraskedyourselfwhatadvertisingis?Throughtheyears,peoplehavegivendifferentanswerstothequestion.Forsometimeitwasfeltthatadvertisingwasameansof"keepingyournamebeforethepublic".Andsomepeoplethoughtthatadvertisingwas"trothwelltold".Nowmoreandmorepeopletendtodefineitinthisway:Advertisingisthepaid,non-personal,andusuallypersuasivepresentationofgoods,servicesandideasbyidentifiedsponsorsthroughvariousmedia.First,advertisingisusuallypaidfor.Varioussponsorspayfortheadswesee,read,andhearoverthevariousmedia.Second,advertisingisnon-personal.Itisnotface-to-facecommunication.Althoughyoumayfeelthatamessageinacertainadvertisementisaimeddirectlyatyou,inreality,itisdirectedatlargegroupsofpeople.Third,advertisingisusuallypersuasive.Directlyorindirectlyiturgespeopletodosomething.Alladvertisementstrytoconvincepeoplethattheproduct,idea,orserviceadvertisedcanbenefitthem.Forth,thesponsoroftheadvertisementmustbeidentified.Fromtheadvertisement,wecanseeifthesponsorisacorporation,oracommittee,oranindividual.Fifth,advertisingreachesusthroughtraditionalandnontraditionalmassmedia.Includedinthetraditionalmediaarenewspapers,magazines,radio,television,andfilms.Nontraditionalmediaincludethemail,matchboxcovers,andbillboards.1.Theexistenceoftheprivatelyownedmassmediadependsfinanciallyon__________.A)thegovernmentB)theirowner'sfamiliesC)advertisementsD)theaudience2.Thepassageseemstosaythatdifferentdefinitionsofadvertisingaregivendueto_______.A)thechangeoftimeB)thesubjectoftheadvertisementsC)thepeople'sagedifferenceD)thepeople'sdifferentperspective3.Accordingtothepassage,whoaremostprobablypayingfortheadvertisements?A)Corporations.B)Committees.C)Individuals.D)Alloftheabove.4.Whichofthefollowingisconsiderednontraditionalmassmedia?A)Newspapers.B)Themail.C)Magazines.D)Films.5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthefeaturesofadvertisementsisNOTtrue?A)Advertisingmustbehonestandamusing.B)Advertisingismeantforlargegroupsofpeople.C)Advertisingurgespeopletodosomethingdirectlyorindirectly.D)Thesponsorsarealwaysmentionedintheadvertisement.Passage7Thekeytransportationtechnologyfortheopeningyearsofthe21stcenturywillbetelecommunications.Whatdoestelecommunicationshavetodowithinternationaltransportation?Theobviouslinkageishelpingshipsandaircraftnavigatemoreefficiently,cuttingtimeandoperatingexpenses.Thismeanslowercostsofimportedgoodsandcheapertravelforbusinessandpleasure.Alessobviousconnectionistheabilityofaclothingmanufacturer,forinstance,toknowtheexactlocationanywhereintheworldofmaterialsandfinishedgoodssothatinventories(细账)--andtheassociatedtransport,storage,andhandlingcosts——arereducedsharply.Theexplosiveaspectofthetelecommunications/transportationrevolutioniscomingintraditionalserviceindustriesandfunctions:technicalservices,dataentry,financialmanagement,softwareprogramming,etc.ConsiderFidelityInvestmentsofBoston,whoseBritishsubsidiary(子公司)sellssharesinGermancompaniestoGermaninvestorsbytelephonefromLondon.Cheaptelecommunicationsprovidetheglobaltransportation"highway"fortheworkthatisperformedbyFidelity'scustomerrepresentatives,Irishcallcentertechnicians,Indiansoftwareengineers,andJamaicandataentryclerks.Thesewhite-collaractivities,manyofthempayingwellaboveaveragewages,arebecomingsteadilymoreimportantinalleconomies.Moreover,theynoware"contestable"byanycountryintheworldthathasadecenttelecommunicationssystemandanappropriatelyskilledlaborforce.Whatthismeansisthatthelastmajorbarriertointernationaltrade——distance——isbeingeliminatedforanincreasingportionoftheglobaleconomy.Transportationcostsnolongerwillprotectinefficientproducers.Buyersofgoodsandservices——software,documentprocessing,accounting,taxadvice,anythingthatcanbedigitizedandtransportedelectronically——willhaveaccesstosuppliersallovertheworld.1.Intheearlyyearsofthe21stcentury,transportationwillespeciallybenefitfrom________.A.cheaptelecommunicationsB.developmentofshippingandinternationalairtransportC.internationaltradeD.skilledlaborforce2.TheexampleofFidelityInvestmentsofBostonshowsthat___________.A.sharescanbeboughtandsoldbytelephoneB.white-collarworkers'wageismorethantheaveragewageC.distanceasthelastbarriertointernationaltradeisbeingeliminatedD.white-collaractivitiesarefacingthechallengesfromallovertheworld3.InPara.4,"Transportationcostsnolongerwillprotectinefficientproducers"probablymeansthat_________.A.transportationcostswillprotectefficientproducersB.buyerswillnolongerturntoinefficientproducersforthesakeoflowertransportationcostsC.inefficientproducerswillnolongertaketransportationcostsintoconsiderationD.someproducersareinefficientbecausethetransportationcostsoftheirgoodsarehigh4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_____________.A.thepriceofimportedgoodswillbelowerthanbeforeB.white-collarworkersarebeingreplacedbycomputersC.clothingmanufacturerswillearnlessmoneyD.globaltelecommunicationswillresultinthecompletedisappearanceofdistance5.Thepassageismainlyabout___________.A.thedevelopmentoftransportationtechnologyB.theconnectionbetweeninternationaltransportationandtelecommunicationsC.theadvancesoftraditionalserviceindustriesD.theinfluenceoftelecommunicationsoninternationaltradePassage8Regular,moderatealcoholintake——oneortwodrinksaday——appearstoreducetheriskofAlzheimer'sdisease(早老性痴呆症),accordingtoinvestigatorsfromthestudy.Theteam'sfindingswerepresentedattheWorldAlzheimerCongress2000meetinghere.Dr.LindsayA.FarrerofBostonUniversitypresentedthefindingsattheAlzheimemeeting.InaninterviewwithReutersHealth,Farrersaid,"MenandwomenwhodrinkoneortwodrinksadayhadasignificantlylowerriskofAlzheimer'sdiseasecomparedtonondrinkers."Theinvestigatorsreportedthatcomparedwithnondrinkers,personsdrinkingmorethanonetotwodrinksadayhadabout30%lowerrisk,whilethosewhodranklessthanoneortwodrinksadayhadabout50%lowerrisk."Fromapublichealthstandpoint,itwouldbepremature(不成熟的)torecommendadrinkortwoasapreventivemeasureuntilweseemoreresults,"Farrersaid.HenotedthattheUSDA(美国农业部)guidelinescurrentlyrecommendoneortwodrinksaday,iftherearenocontraindications(禁忌)."Thisisamodestlevelofconsumptionandintermsofheartdisease,thisconsumptionhasbeenassociatedwithabeneficialeffect."Theinvestigatorsconcludethatmorestudiesareneeded"tomorepreciselydefinetheminimal(最小的)levelanddurationofexposure(toalcohol)necessarytorealizeabenefit."ThestudyfindingsaboutsmokingandAlzheimerriskarelessclear."Thereisnoprotectiveeffectofsmokingformen,butforwomenwhoarenotcarriersof(thegene)APOE4,therewasatrendtowardaprotectiveeffect,"theresearchersreport,"Whileamongwomenwhoarecarriers,smokingappearstoincreasetheriskofAlzheimer'sdisease."1.WhichisTRUEaboutthefindingsofDr.LindsayA.Farrer?A.Peopledrinkingmorethanonetotwodrinksadayhadabouta20%higherriskofAlzheimer'sdiseasethanthosewhodranklessthanoneortwodrinksaday.B.Peopledrinkingmorethanonetotwodrinksadayhadabouta20%lowerriskthanthosewhodranklessthanoneortwodrinksaday.C.Peopledrinkingmorethanonetotwodrinksadayhadabouta30%higherriskthanthosewhodranklessthanoneortwodrinksaday.D.Nondrinkershadabouta30%lowerriskthanthosedrinkingmorethanonetotwodrinksaday.2.Whywoulditbeprematuretorecommendadrinkortwotothepublic?A.BecausetheinvestigatorscannotgetthesupportfromtheUSDAguidelines.B.Becausetheinvestigatorslackadequateevidencetoprovetheeffectofmoderatedrinking.C.Becauseitisextremelydangerousforsomepeopletodoso..D.Becausethereisnoclearevidencewhichshowstheprotectiveeffect.3.Accordingtothepassage,moderatedrinking_____________.A.canstopheartproblemsB.maybegoodforone'shealthC.iswidelyrecommendedbydoctorsD.cansolveallthehealthproblemsofman4.ThestudyoftheconnectionbetweensmokingandAlzheimerriskdemonstratesthat_________.A.smokingcanreduceAlzheimerriskasmuchasmoderatedrinkingB.menwhosmokearemorelikelytohaveAlzheimer'sdiseasethanthosewhodon'tC.smokinghasnoobviouslypositiveeffectonAlzheimer'sdiseaseD.forwomenwhoarecarriersofAPOE4,smokingwillsurelyreduceAlzheimerrisk5.Themainthemeofthepassageis________.A.thechangeinrecentdrinkinghabitsB.theWorldAlzheimerCongress2000meetingC.thepossiblecureforAlzheimer'sdiseaseD.theconnectionbetweenalcoholandAlzheimer'sdiseasePassage9TheeconomiceffectsoftheterroristattacksintheUnitedStatesarespreadingacrossthecountryandtheworld.TheattacksinNewYorkCityandWashingtonD.C.havehurtmanybusinesses,especiallytheairlineindustryandfinancialmarkets.Manycompanieshavebeenforcedtodismissthousandsofworkers.Manyindividualstatesareconcernedabouttheireconomicfuture.SincetheattacksonSeptember1lth,thestockmarketsufferedmajorlosses.TheDowJonesIndustrialAveragelostsevenpercentofitsvalue.TheothermajormeasuresofthevalueofAmericanstocksfelltotheirlowestlevelsinthreeyears.Someeconomicexpertssaythedropinthevalueofstockscoulddirectlyaffectlong-termspending.Theysayitmaycausepeopletolosetrustintheeconomyandspendlessmoney.Businessesacrossthecountryalreadyhavereporteddecreasesinsales.ExpertsnotethattheAmericaneconomywasclosetoarecessionevenbeforetheattacks.Theairlineindustrywasprobablyhardesthitbytheattacks.Thenation'sskiesweretemporarilyclosedtoallairtravel.Travelersremainfrightenedandareavoidingflying.Highfuelandlabourcostsaremakingthesituationworse.Theairlinesarelosinghundredsofmillionsofdollarseachday.Therearealsoconcernsabouttheeconomiceffectsofanymilitaryaction.Thiscouldraisethepriceofoil.Productioncouldbereducedifalargenumberofparttimetroopsarecalledtoactiveduty.Tradecouldberestricted.OnMonday,theUnitedStatesFederalReserveloweredinterestrates.Theactionwasdesignedtosupporttheeconomybymakingiteasierforpeopleandbusinessestoborrowmoney.TheEuropeanCentralBanktooksimila