福建省南平市夏道中学2022年高三英语模拟试卷含解析

福建省南平市夏道中学2022年高三英语模拟试卷含解析一、选择题1.(原创)Itisnotaneconomicalwaytogetmoreheating;

,itisveryexpensive.

A.insteadof

B.ontheotherhand

C.inaword

D.onthecontrary本题考查介词词组含义辨析。参考答案：D略2.________aroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNestforthe2008OlympicGames.A．Havingshown

B．Tobeshown

C．Havingbeenshown

D．Toshow参考答案：C3.--Youappeartohavelostsomeweight.--JustimaginetheweeksoffearI

atthethoughtofthecominginterview.A.willsuffer B.suffered C.havebeensuffering D.wassuffering参考答案：C4.----Wheredoesyourfatherwork,Lucy?----InEngland.Buthe_____inFrancefor8years.A.hasworked.

B.hasbeenworked.

C.havebeenworking.

D.worked.参考答案：D5.It’sreportedthatChinaplans

Hainanintoanewfreetradeportby2025.A.build

B.tobuild

C.building参考答案：B句意：据报道，中国计划在2025年底前把海南建成一个新的自由贸易港。考查动词形式辨析题。plantodo打算/计划做某事，固定短语。根据句意语境，可知选B。6.—Sorryforhavingkeptyouwaiting.Butforthetrafficjam,I___________20minutesearlier.—Nevermind.Ihaven’tbeenwaitingthatlong.A.arrived

B.wouldarrive

C.wouldhavearrived

D.hadarrived参考答案：C7.

passion,peoplewon'thavethemotivationorthejoynecessaryforcreativethinking.A.For. B.Without C.Beneath D.By参考答案：B【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：没有激情，人们就不会有创新思维所必须的动机和快乐。A.For对于；B.Without没有；

C.Beneath在……下面

;D.By通过。没有激情，人们就不会有创新思维所必须的动机和快乐。所以空处填介词without。故填without。8.Thefactory_____hevisitedlastweekisquitedifferentfromwhatitusedtobe.A.where

B.inwhich

C.inthat

D.which参考答案：D9.Idon’tthink__________possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.A.this

B.that

C.its

D.it参考答案：D10.—Didyouhappentosee______blackand________whitecat?—Isshemissing?Itoldyoutotakecareofher.A.

the,the

B.

the;不填

C.

a;不填

D.

a;the参考答案：B11.Weshouldeducatechildrenandyoungpeopleaboutvaluestocreateasocialatmosphere______promotesmoralityandharmony.A.who

B.what

C.where

D.that参考答案：D12.Everyminutehasbeenmadefull______ofbythegirls______knowledgeaboutetiquertte.A.using;learning

B.use;tolearn

C.touse;tolearn

D.use;learning参考答案：B13.---Mum,whatareyoudoing?

---Yourunclewillcome;Iputa(an)________plateonthedinningtable.

A.more

B.extra

C.another

D.few参考答案：B14.---As____child,myfatheroftenspentallSundaysrelaxingoutdoors,evenplayingforhoursat____time.----That’smyfather’sstory,too.A.a;the

B./;a

C.a;a

D./;the参考答案：C略15.—What’sthecapitalofFinland?—Well，Idon'tknow._____!

A.Itdoesn’tmatterB.You’vegotmethere

C.It’salongstoryD.I’llseetoit参考答案：B16.Inthemonth,heearnedasmuchas,if________than，$40,000.A．nomore

B．notmore

C．nomuch

D．notmuch参考答案：B17.-Whydoyouchoosetoworkinakindergarten?

-Well,youknow,dancingismy_____.Soitismybestchoice.

A.talent

B.ability

C.strength

D.skill参考答案：C二、新的题型18.阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。[1]Oops!Inyourrushtogettoschool,youdropapieceoftoastonthefloor.Doyouthrowitawayordecideit’sstillOKtoeat?Ifyou’relikemostpeople,youeatit.Maybeyoufollowthe“5-secondrule”,whichclaimsfoodsaresafetoeat，ifyoupickthemupwithin5secondsofdroppingthem.Butyoumightwanttothinkagain.Scientistsnowsaythat5secondsareallittakesforfoodstobecomecontaminatedwithenoughbacteriatomakeyousick.[2]Bacteriacancausemanykindsofillnesses.Somekindsofbacteriacangrowonfood.Ifweeatfoodsonwhichthesebacteriaaregrowing,wecanbecomesick.Oneofthesefood-bornebacteriaisSalmonella.Itmakes1.4millionpeoplesickeveryyear.Earlierthisyear,370peoplebecamesickaftereatingpeanutbutterthathadbeencontaminatedwithSalmonellaatthemanufacturingfactory.Salmonellaareoftenfoundinraweggsandchicken.Cookingkillsthesebacteria,whichiswhyitissoimportanttocookeggs,chicken,andotherfoodscarefully.[3]Beingagoodhousekeeperisanothergoodwaytopreventinfection.Ifhouseholdsurfacesaren’twashedthoroughly,theycansupportSalmonellaforweeks.AteamofscientistsatClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolinahavetestedthe5-secondrule,usingsandwichingredients.First,theyplacedaknownamountofSalmonellacellsonthreesurfaces:wood,tile,andcarpet.Theythenplacedasliceofbreadandasliceofbologna(博洛尼亚大红肠)oneachsurfacefor5,30,or60seconds.Afterjust5seconds,boththebreadandbolognapickedupenoughbacteriatomakeyousick.[4]Soforgetthe5-secondrule.Ifyourtoastlandsonthefloor,throwitaway.Stickafreshsliceofbreadinthetoaster.Andthistime,becarefulnottodropit!76.Whatisthe“5-secondrule”mentionedinthefirstparagraph?(nomorethan18words)——————————————————————————————————77.Whyisitimportantforustocookfoodcarefully?(nomorethan5words)——————————————————————————————————78.Whatadviceisgiventopreventinfectioninthelastparagraph?(nomorethan10words)——————————————————————————————————79.WhydidthescientistsatClemsonUniversitycarryoutthattest?(nomorethan15words.)——————————————————————————————————80.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthe5-secondrule?(oneword)——————————————————————————————————参考答案：三、阅读理解19.Accordingtoanewstudy,teensfocusonrewardsandhaveahardtimelearningtoavoidpunishmentorconsidertheconsequencesofalternativeactions.UniversityCollegeLondonresearcherscomparedhowteensandadultslearntomakechoicesbasedontheavailableinformation.Theytrackedthewayinwhich18volunteersaged12-17and20volunteersaged18-32completedtasksinwhichtheyhadtochoosebetweenabstractsymbols.Eachsymbolwasconsistentlyassociatedwithafixedchanceofareward,punishment,ornooutcome.Asthetrialprogressed,participantslearnedwhichsymbolswerelikelytoleadtoeachoutcomeandadjustedtheirchoicesaccordingly.Teensandadultswereequallygoodatlearningtochoosesymbolsassociatedwithreward,butteenswerelessgoodatavoidingsymbolsassociatedwithpunishment.Adultsalsoperformedsignificantlybetterwhentheyweretoldwhatwouldhavehappenediftheyhadchosentheothersymbolaftereachchoice,whileteensdidnotappeartotakethisinformationintoaccount.“Fromthisexperimentallabstudywecandrawconclusionsaboutlearningduringtheteenyears.Wefindthatteensandadultslearnindifferentways,somethingthatmightberelevanttoeducation,"saidleadauthorDr.StefanoPalminteri.“Unlikeadults,teensarenotsogoodatlearningtoadjusttheirchoicestoavoidpunishment.Thissuggeststhatincentivesystemsbasedonrewardratherthanpunishmentmaybemoreeffectiveforthisagegroup.Additionally,wefoundthatteensdidnotlearnfrombeingshownwhatwouldhavehappenediftheymadealternativechoices."Tointerprettheresults,theresearchersdevelopedcomputationalmodelsoflearningandransimulations(模拟)applyingthemtotheresultsofthestudy.Thefirstwasasimplemodel,onethatlearnedfromrewards,andthesecondmodeladdedtothisbyalsolearningfromtheoptionthatwasnotchosen.Thethirdmodelwasthemostcompleteandtookthefullcontextintoaccount,withequalweightgiventopunishmentavoidanceandrewardseeking.Forexample,obtainingnooutcomeratherthanlosingapointisweightedequallytogainingapointratherthanhavingnooutcome.Comparingtheexperimentaldatatothemodels,theteamfoundthatteens"behaviorfollowedthesimplereward-basedmodelwhileadults"behaviormatchedthecomplete,contextualmodel.“Ourstudysuggeststhatteensaremorereceptivetorewardsthantheyaretopunishmentsofequalvalue,”saidseniorauthorDr.Sarah-JayneBlakemore.“Asaresult,itmaybeusefulforparentsandteacherstoframethingsinmorepositiveterms.”1.Itcanbelearnedfromthestudythat______.A.adultsmadechoicesfasterthanteens B.adultsunderstoodrewardsbetterthanteensC.teensreactedbettertorewardthanpunishment D.teenswereawareoftheoutcomeofeachchoice2.Whatdoweknowaboutthethreecomputationalmodels?A.Theyreflectedpeople’sstrongdesireforpunishmentavoidance.B.Theygavecircumstancesdifferentdegreesofconsideration.C.Theypaidequalattentiontorewardandpunishment.D.Theyshapedthebehaviorofpeopleatdifferentages.3.Theunderlinedword“receptive"inthelastparagraphprobablymeans______.A.accustomed B.opposed C.sympathetic D.responsive4.Accordingtothewriter,whichofthefollowingstatementsworksbestforteens?A.“Ifyouinsistondoingthingsinthisway,youwilllosetenpoints."B.“Ifwehadtalkedaboutthisearlier,youwouldn’thavemadethemistake."C.“Ifyouhandinyourassignmentaheadoftime,youwillgetanextrabonus."D.“Ifyouwanttoapproachaproblemdifferently,youcantalktoyourparents."参考答案：

1.C;2.B;3.D;4.C1.推理判断题。题意:从研究中可以看出______。A、成年人比青少年更快地做出选择。B、成年人比青少年更了解奖励。C、青少年对奖赏的反应比惩罚好。D、青少年知道每个选择的结果。根据最后一段中"Ourstudysuggeststhatteensaremorereceptivetorewardsthanthe