定语从句讲解

定语从句一、概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如：Iwanttomarryarichman.定语Iwanttomarryamanwhoistall,richandhandsome.（从句谓语和先行词一致）先行词定语从句定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句用关系词（__________________________）来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。1)关系代词：______________________________________2)关系副词：______________________________________二、关系词的用法：（一）关系代词的用法：1)who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语或宾语。例如：Heisthemanwho/thatwantstomarryme.他就是那个想娶我的人。(who/that在从句中作主语)Heisthemanwhom/thatIwanttomarry.他就是我想嫁的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)合并：Thegirlismysister.Thegirlisstandingonthestage._______________________________________________________Idon’tknowtheboy.Theboyisinblueshirt._______________________________________________________Mybrotherlikesthesingers.Thesingerswritetheirownmusic._______________________________________________________翻译：1那就是教我们英语的老师。______________________________________2你正在等的教授已经来了。______________________________________2)whose用来指人或物，(只用作定语,若指物，可以同ofwhich互换，放在从句主语后面)。Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.他有一个朋友的父亲是医生。Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.=Pleasepassmethebookthecoverofwhichisgreen.合并：1Heboughtadress.Thedress’spriceis100pounds.____________________________________________________2Hehasafriend.Thefriend’smotherisasinger._____________________________________________________翻译：1)那个门被打破的教室不久会被修复。______________________________________________3)which,that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：Footballisagamewhich/thatisfavoredbymostboys.足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的游戏。(which/that在句中作主语)Thisisthepen(which/that)heboughtyesterday.这是他昨天刚买的钢笔。(which/that在句中作宾语)合并：Ican’tfindthebook.Iboughtabookyesterday.________________________________________________Thecatismine.Thecatisplayingwithaball.____________________________________________________翻译：1这是他昨天买的钢笔。____________________________________2昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。____________________________________3他喜欢外国作家写的书。____________________________________4他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。____________________________________（二）关系副词的用法：1．when指时间，在从句中作时间状语他的先行词通常有：time,day,morning,night,week,yearShestillremembersthedaywhen(=)heproposed.她还记得他求婚的那一天。翻译：1）我仍然记得爷爷去世的那一天。______________________________________2）我永远忘不了我们在一起的那些日子。______________________________________3）1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。______________________________________2．where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有：place,spot,street,house,room,city,town,countryThisisthehotelwhere(=)theyarestaying.Thisisafactorywhere(=)handbagsaremade.翻译：1)惠州是我出生的地方。6.Theyworkinafactory______makesradioparts.7.Theyworkinafactory______radiopartsaremade.8.Thisisthevisionphonethrough______wecanseeandtalktoourfriends.9.Shelivesinasmallvillage,______isonlythreemilesfromhere.10.SheisgoingtospendthesummerholidaysinShanghai,______shehassomefriends.11.Thesungivestheearthlightandheat,______isveryimportanttothelivingthings.12.Hewasoftenlate,______madehisteacherveryangry.13.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools______hehadvisited.在下列定语从句中，填入适当的介词和关系代词1.Iwassurprisedattheway________hetreatedtheoldman.2.Hebuiltatelescope________hecouldstudytheskies.3.Thewoman,________Ilearnedthenews,isanurse.4.Heboughtabookyesterday,theauthor________isateacher.5.Shehasthreechildren,all_________areatschool.6.Thedesk________JackisleaningisJohn’s.7.Oursisabeautifulschool,________weareproud.8.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’taperson________shecouldturnforhelp.9.Theage_______childrencangotoschoolisseven.10.Hisbike________hewenttoworkwasstolenlastnight.单项选择题1.I’veneverbeentoBeijing,butit’stheplace________.A.thatIwanttovisitmostB.inwhichI’dliketovisitC.whereI’dliketovisitD.Imostwanttovisit2.Thehours______thechildrenspendintheirone-wayrelationshipwithtelevisionpeopleundoubtedlyaffecttheirrelationshipwithrealpeople.A.inwhichB.onwhichC.whenD.that3.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestchildthanshewastotheothers,______,ofcourse,madetheothersjealous.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which4.Thegoal_____hehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.A.afterwhichB.forwhichC.withwhichD.atwhich5.Asurveywascarriedoutonthedeathrateofnew-bornbabiesinthatregion,_____wassurprising.A.asresultsB.whichresultsC.theresultofitD.theresultofwhich6.Hecamebacklate,_______whichtimealltheguestshadalreadyleft.A.atB.afterC.byD.during7.Aninvestigationwasmadeintotheaccident,_______fiftypeoplewerekilled.A.inwhichB.whereC.whenD.forthat8.Itwasn’tsuchagooddinner_____shehadpromisedus.A.thatB.asC.whichD.what9._______mightbeexpected,theresponsetothequestionwasverymixed.A.AsB.ThatC.ItD.What10.______isknowntotheworld,MarkTwainisagreatAmericanwriter.A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.It11.Theresidents,_______hadbeendamagedbytheflood,weregivenhelpbytheRedCross.A.alltheirhomesB.allwhosehomesC.allofwhosehomesD.alloftheirhomes12.Thecoursenormallyattracts20studentsper