2022年浙江省宁波市第十八高中高三英语下学期摸底试题含解析

2022年浙江省宁波市第十八高中高三英语下学期摸底试题含解析一、选择题1.Agoodsalesmanmustbe________ifhewantstosucceed.A.aggressive

B.awesomeC.appointed

D.arbitrary参考答案：A【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要做好推销员一定要有闯劲才能成功。A.aggressive有进取精神的，有干劲的，进取的，有进取心的；B.awesome可怕的；C.appointed指定的；D.arbitrary任意的。根据常识可知，做销售一定要有闯劲，故选A。2.—HowdoesJaneputonsomuchweight?—Largequantitiesoffat____recently.A.areconsumed B.isbeingconsumed C.hasbeenconsumed D.havebeenconsumed参考答案：D【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：——Jane怎么长这么胖？——最近吃了大量富含脂肪的食物。由recently判断为现在完成时，主语fat和consume之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，“largequantitiesof+名词”作主语时谓语动词用复数形式，故用havebeenconsumed。故选D项。【点睛】本题考查关于quantity短语的主谓一致。quantity一般构成连个短语aquantityof和quantitiesof，它们的用法如下：quantitiesof无论修饰可数还是不可数名词、谓语动词都用复数。例如:Quantitiesoffood(nuts)wereonthetable.桌子上有许多食品(坚果)。

aquantityof+可数名词复数、谓语动词用复数;+不可数名词、谓语动词用单数。即修饰可数或不可数名词均可,作主语时采取就近一致的原则,其谓语动词通常与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致。例如:Alargequantityofbeerwassoldout.大量的啤酒被售出。Alargequantityofblouseswereonsale.大量罩衫有售。3.—Whatsortoffrienddoyouwanttohave?Someonebeautiful?—Well，it

bebeautiful——that'snotimportant．A．mustn't

B．needn't

C．can't

D．won't参考答案：

B4.

wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.

A．It

B．This

C．What

D．As参考答案：C5.ComeinandsitdownandI

youwhatI'vefoundrecently．A．show

B．willshow

C．showed

D．wasshowing参考答案：B6.We’dbetterstayherealittlelonger

heturnsupunexpectedly.A.although B.incase C.since D.ifonly参考答案：B7.—HowgladIam.I’vefinallypassedthedrivingtest.

—

A．Congratulations.

B．Cheers.

C．Bestwishes.

D．Goodluck.参考答案：A8.—Wherehaveyoubeen?—Igotstuckintheheavytraffic,orI_____hereearlier.A.hadarrivedB.was

C.wouldcomeD.wouldhavebeen参考答案：D9.Goodsurroundingspeople

offormanyyears．Includingsafety,clearreadsandconvenientservices,willfinallycometrue．A．dream

B．havebeendreaming

C．dreamt

D．aredreamt参考答案：B10.—WheredidyougoonNationalDay?

—JiuzhaiValley.I______togotoFrance,buttheexpensewastoohigh.A.planned

B.wouldplan

C.haveplanned

D.hadplanned参考答案：D22.Thepresidentowedhissuccessnotto_____buttoself-educationandadrivingdesireforachievement.A.regulation

B.privilege

C.arrangement

D.procedure参考答案：B略12.—DidyouknowanyFrenchbeforeyouarrivedinWashington?

—Never______it,actually. A.hadIlearned

B.haveIlearned

C.Ilearned

D.wasIlearning参考答案：A13.Thediningroomiscleanandtidy,withatablealready______forabigmeal．

A.beinglaid

B．laying

C．tolay

D．laid参考答案：D略14._________goodTonyBlairdidforhiscountry----actuallyquitealot----istotallyovershadowedbycrimesinIraq.A.Whatever

B.Whichever

C.However

D.How参考答案：A略15.—I’mthinkingofthetesttomorrow.I’mafraidIcan’tpassthistime.—__________!I’msureyou’llmakeit.A.Takeiteasy

B.Nevermind

C.Takeyourtime

D.Noproblem参考答案：A考查交际用语takeiteasy放轻松，别担心nevermind没关系

takeyourtime慢慢来noproblem没问题。句意为--我在想明天的考试呢，我害怕我过不了。----别担心，我相信你会成功的。16.Theoldwomanwho________inthedesertedhousealonefortenyearshasbeensettledinanursinghomenow.A.lived B.haslivedC.hadlived D.hasbeenliving参考答案：A【详解】考查时态。句意：一个人住在废弃的房子里达十年之久的那位老妇人现在在养老院定居。因为住在废弃的房子里发生在过去，与现在无关，应该用一般过去时。故选A。B.现在完成时，表示现在还一个人，与语境不符；C.hadlived过去完成时，是过去的过去，没有对比的时间；D.hasbeenliving现在完成进行时，强调动作一直在进行，一直到现在，不合语境。故选A。17.

——Do

youthinkyoucouldmanageityourself?——

.I’mnotafreshmananymore．A.

Takecare

B．Hurryup

C.Notexactly

D.Don’tworry参考答案：D二、新的题型18.It'severyparent'sworstnightmare.___16___.Nowscientistssaytheyhavefoundabetterwaytowakeupsleepingyoungsters.ResearchersintheUShavediscoveredthatplayingachildarecordingoftheirmother'svoiceisaboutthreetimesmorelikelytowakethemthanatraditionalalarm.Moreover,theycanescapemorequickly.DrGarySmith,aco－authoroftheresearchfromtheNationwideChildren'shospitalinOhioandhiscolleaguesreporthowtheycomparedtheeffectsoffourdifferentsmokealarmson176childrenagedbetween5and12yearsold.___17___.Whileonealarmfeaturedahigh－pitchedbeep,theotherthreefeaturedthevoiceofthechild'smothercallingeitherthechild'sname,givinginstructionssuchas:“Wakeup!Leavetheroom！”，orboth.Eachchildsleptinalab－basedroomthatresembledarealbedroom,andwasshownhowtoescapefromtheroombeforetheywenttobed.Theyeachexperiencedallfouralarms—theorderofwhichwaschosenrandomly.___18___.About90%ofchildrenwokeforavocalalarmcomparedwithjustover53%forthetraditionalalarm.Inaddition,thechildrenshookofftheirsleepfaster,withamedian(中位数)valueoftwosecondsforthevoicealarmcomparedwithmorethantwoandahalfminutesforthetraditionalalarm.___19___．ProfNiamhNicDaéid,directoroftheLeverhulmeResearchCentreattheUniversityofDundee,saidtheresearchsupportedbyherteamfoundahumanvoicecombinedwithalow－frequencypulsingtonewasfarmoreeffectiveinwakingchildrenthanatraditionalhigh－pitchedalarm.___20___，whichmighthavemadethemmoreresponsivetoanalarm,whilemoreworkwasneededtoexplorewhetherotherfamiliarsounds,suchasadogbarking,mightalsoproveeffectiveinwakingupchildren.A.ButshenotedthatthelateststudyinvolvedchildrensleepinginalocationotherthantheirownbedroomB.ButshesaiditwasimportanttolookatdevelopingbetteralarmsC.NoneofthemhadhearingdifficultiesorweretakinganymedicationthataffectedtheirsleepD.Theresultsshowthatvoicealarmsappeartobemoreeffectivethanhigh－pitchedbeepsE.What'smore,itdoessofasterandislinkedtoaquickerescapeF.There'safireinthehouse;thealarmsarebeeping,butthechildrenareindeepsleepG.Similarly,escapetimeswerelongerinthecasesofthebeepingalarms参考答案：16.F

17.C

18.D

19.G

20.A本文属于说明文范畴，在文中作者介绍了父母应该如何和处于青春叛逆期的孩子进行沟通交流。作者认为青春期的孩子独立意识增强，建议家长在和孩子谈话时不要过于直接，而且孩子在不愿意讲的时候，也不要一再地追问。总之在尊重孩子的基础上家长能够和青春期的孩子保持良好的关系。【16题详解】上文提示“这是每个父母最糟糕的噩梦。”承接上文，F项There'safireinthehouse;thealarmsarebeeping,butthechildrenareindeepsleep（房子里着火了;警报响了，但孩子们仍在熟睡。）切题。故选F。【17题详解】上文提示“GarySmith博士和他的同事报告了他们是如何比较四种不同烟雾报警器对176名5到12岁儿童的影响的。”承接上文，C项Noneofthemhadhearingdifficultiesorweretakinganymedicationthataffectedtheirsleep（他们都没有听力障碍，也没有服用任何影响睡眠的药物。）切题。该项中的them指代的是上文中的between5and12yearsold，故选C。【18题详解】下文提示“大约90%的孩子醒来是为了发出声音警报，而传统的闹钟只有53%多一点。”承接下文，D项Theresultsshowthatvoicealarmsappeartobemoreeffectivethanhigh－pitchedbeeps（结果表明,声音警报似乎比高音哔哔声更有效。）切题。故选D。【19题详解】上文提示“此外，孩子们从睡眠中醒来的速度更快，语音闹钟的中值为2秒，而传统闹钟的中值超过了2.5分钟。”承接上文，G项Similarly,escapetimeswerelongerinthecasesofthebeepingalarms（类似地，在蜂鸣声警报的情况下，逃生时间更长。）切题。故选G。【20题详解】根据后半句提示“这可能会使他们对警报反应更灵敏，同时还需要做更多的工作来探索其他熟悉的声音，比如狗叫声，是否也能有效地唤醒孩子们。”承接后半句，A项Butshenotedthatthelateststudyinvolvedchildrensleepinginalocationotherthantheirownbedroom（但她指出，最新的研究涉及到孩子们睡在自己卧室以外的地方。）切题。后半句中的which指的是该项内容，是非限制性定语从句，故答案为A。三、阅读理解19.Morethan20ChineseandAmericanexpertsdiscoveredthatyoungpeopleofbothcountriesarefacingthesameproblemsofeconomicandsocialpressureandthuslackofconfidence.

WayneMeisel,directoroftheCampusOutreachOpportunityLeagueofMinnesotaUniversity,saidthatundereconomicpressureAmericanyoungpeoplehavetoworkhardandmoststudentshavetotakepart-timeworkinordertosupportthemselves.

Inthesecircumstances,hesaid,youngpeoplelackconfidence,whichwasnotthecaseinthe1960swhenyoungpeoplethoughtthemselvescapableofdoinganything.InspiteofthedifferentconditionsinChina,LiXuequan,directorofthehighereducationsectionoftheAll-ChinaYouthFederation,saidChineseyoungpeoplearealsofacingeconomicpressureandareworriedaboutinflation(通货膨胀)andcorruption（腐败）.

Inordertosolvetheseproblems,theChineseandAmericanexpertsagreedthatyouthorganizationshouldcallonthewholeofsocietytocreatefavourableconditionsforthehealthygrowthofyoungpeople,aswellastoencouragethemtomeettheurgentneedsofsociety.

Meiselsaidthatsincelastyearhehassentlettersof“challengetoyouth”tomanyyoungpeople,urgingthemtocommitthemselvestomeetingsuchneedsasfeedingthehungry,housingthehomeless,caringforthelonelyandsick,serv