必修一英语第五单元语法

2021/5/91定语从句（theattributiveclause）

☆被定语从句限定的词是_______，引导定语从句的词叫做________或_________。☆关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接（连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面的先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。在复合句中，充当_______用的从句是定语从句

“先行词”“关系代词”“关系副词”形容词2021/5/92关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：whomwhowhichthatwhose√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√2021/5/93Thisisthefactory.Iworkedinthefactorytenyearsago.1.关系副词whereThisisthefactory

where

Iworkedtenyearsago.2021/5/94Theschoolisnearapark.Mysonstudiesinthisschool.Theschool

where

mysonstudiesisnearapark.2021/5/95Thisisthefactorywhere

Iworkedtenyearsago.Theschool

where

mysonstudiesisnearapark.where引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的名词,并在定语从句中作_________,相当于“介词+_________(which)”。inwhichinwhich地点状语关系代词2021/5/96They’llneverforgetJuly1.HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherlandonJuly1.2.关系副词whenThey’llneverforgetJuly1

when

HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.2021/5/97Thedaysaregoneforever.Welivedtogetherhappilyduringthosedays.Thedays

whenwelivedtogetherhappilyaregoneforever.2021/5/98They’llneverforgetJuly1

when

HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.Thedays

when

welivedtogetherhappilyaregoneforever.onwhichduringwhichwhen引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的名词,在定语从句中作_________,相当于“介词+_________(which)”。时间状语关系代词2021/5/99Therearemanyreasons.Peopleliketravelingformanyreasons.3.关系副词whywhy引导的定语从句修饰先行词reason,在从句中作原因状语,相当于“for+which”。Therearemanyreasons

why

peopleliketraveling.forwhich2021/5/910timeadverbialoftimeplacereasonadverbialofplaceadverbialofreason2021/5/9112021/5/9121.Beijingistheplace_______________I wasborn.2.Isthisthereason______________he refusedouroffer?3.Iwillneverforgettheday_________ ______Ifirstmetyouontheseashore.4.Thereareoccasions______________ onemustyield.where(inwhich)why(forwhich)when(onwhich)when(onwhich)n.

场合；时机on…occasion:在……时刻/场合occasionson2021/5/9132021/5/914a.Thisistheplacewhere

heworks.Thisistheplacewhich/that

wevisitedlastyear.b.Thatwastheday

when

hearrived.Doyoustillrememberthedaythat/which

wespenttogether?c.Thisisthereasonwhyheleft.Thereasonthat/which

hegaveuswasquitereasonable.选择定语从句的关系词一定要看先行词在从句中所做成分。当先行词在从句中作状语，则选择相应的关系_____。当先行词在从句中作主语,宾语或表语,则选择相应的关系_____。副词代词2021/5/915I’llneverforgetthedays_____________weworked(vi.)together.2.I’llneverforgetthedays_____wespent(vt.)together.3.Iwenttothecompany_______________Iworked(vi.)tenyearsago.when/inwhichwhichwhere/inwhich及时练2021/5/9164.Iwenttothecompany______Ivisited(vt.)tenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason______________hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason__________hegave.(vt.)

whichwhy/forwhichthat/which2021/5/917关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+关系代词引导。

2021/5/9181.Iwillgiveyouthebook(that/which)you

askedfor.=Iwillgiveyouthebookforwhich

you

asked.2.Wemettheman(whom/that/who)we

talked

about.=Wemetthemanaboutwhom

wetalked.介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,如先行词是物,关系代词只能为which。介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,如先行词是人,关系代词只能为whom。2021/5/919Heistheman___whomyoucanbelieve.1.看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配in2.看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配Hegavemesomebooks_____whichIamnotveryfamiliar.with3.根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配Thisisourclassroom,______________whichthereisateacher’sdesk.inthefrontof2021/5/920listento,lookat,dependon,payattentionto,takecareof等固定短语动词,在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.

2021/5/921用适当的关系词填空1)October1,1949wastheday______(________)Chinawasfounded.2)Beijingistheplace______(__________)Icame.

3)Isthisthereason____(________)hedidn’twanttoseeme?

whenonwhichwherefromwhichwhyforwhich2021/5/9224)Isthistheroom______(________)wewerelivinglastwinter?5)Irememberthedays_____(____________)Ilivedthere.6)

Yesterday,wehadameeting______(________)wediscussedmanyproblems.

whereinwhichwhenduringwhichatwhichwhere2021/5/923对比练习：用适当的关系词填空1.Theroom___________________heoncelivedisstillthere.

Theroom___________________Ihavetocleaneverydaybelongstomymother.where/inwhich(that/which)2.Iwillneverforgettheday_______________

Imetyou.Iwillneverforgettheday______________wespenttogether.when/onwhich(that/which)2021/5/924注意：当先行词是时间、地点、原因时，定语从句的引导词在从句中做状语时才用关系副词when、where、why；如做主语、宾语、表语仍用关系代词that、which3.Idon'tbelievethereason_____________Tom

iscrying.Idon'tknowthereason____________Tomhasgiventous.why/forwhich(that/which)2021/5/9251.找出先行词2.看先行词/关系词在从句中所做的成分。1).

先行词在从句中做主、定、表、宾语时，选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)2).

先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)。3.

在选完关系词后带入验证（把关系词还原到从句中）

判定用“关代”还是“关副”步骤：2021/5/9261.IwillneverforgetthedaywhichIfirstwenttoschool.2.Thehousewherewevisitedisbeingrepairednow.when(which/that)3.Thereasonthathedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdayisthathewasill.why4.I’mgoingtoworkinthehospitalwhereneedsme.which1.IwillneverforgetthedaywhichIfirstwenttoschool.2.Thehousewherewevisitedisbeingrepairednow.Pleasecorrecttheerrors.2021/5/9275.I

shall

never

forget

those

years

which

I

lived

in

the

farm

where

you

visited

last

week.

6.The

radio

set

which

I

bought

it

last

week

has

gone

wrong.7.I

never

forget

the

days

when

we

spent

together.8.This

is

the

school

on

which

I

study.

_____when_____that/which/删除__删除_____that/