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Unit
1
Ge
ne
Ed
it
ingPre
-Cla
s
sActivitie
sVie
w
ing
,Lis
te
ninga
ndS
pe
a
kingProje
ctCo
n
t
e
nt
sS
e
ct
io
n
On
eS
e
ct
io
n
Tw
oS
e
ct
io
n
Th
re
ePre
-Cla
s
s
Activitie
sS
e
ct
io
nOn
eVid
e
o
Clip
1Wha
t
do
you
know
a
b
out
the
tw
o
fe
m
a
le
s
cie
ntis
t
s
a
nd
the
ir
re
s
e
a
rch?Ta
s
k
1Vid
e
o
Clip
21
.Wha
t
q
ua
lit
ie
s
m
a
ke
a
p
rom
ine
nt
re
s
e
a
rche
r?2
.
Wha
t
ha
ve
you
le
a
rne
d
from
this
inte
rvie
w
?Ta
s
k
1Ta
s
k
2Aca
d
e
m
ic
a
ct
iv
it
ie
s
o
n
g
e
n
e
e
d
it
in
g
yo
u
w
ill
p
a
r
t
ic
ip
a
t
e
inWha
t
q
ue
s
t
ions
w
ould
you
a
s
k
if
you
ha
d
a
cha
nce
to
inte
rvie
w
a
p
rofe
s
s
or
ong
e
ne
e
d
it
ing
?Wha
t
w
ould
you
t
a
lk
a
b
o
ut
if
you
ha
d
a
cha
nce to
pa
rt
icipa
te
in
a
g
roupd
is
cus
s
ion
a
b
out
g
e
ne
e
d
it
ing
?If
you
w
e
re
invite
d
to
m
a
ke
a
p
re
s
e
nta
t
ion
in
a
s
e
m
ina
r
on
g
e
ne
e
d
it
ing
,
w
ha
tw
ould
b
e
your
the
s
is
a
nd
m
a
in
p
o
ints
?S
e
ct
io
nTw
oVie
w
ing
,
Lis
te
ning
a
nd
Spe
a
kingHis
t
o
r
y
o
f
Ge
n
e
Ed
it
in
gPa
r
t
Ig
e
ne
e
d
it
ing
/
g
e
nom
e
e
d
it
ing
;
GMO/
g
e
ne
t
ica
lly
m
odifie
d
org
a
nis
m
;
g
e
ne
;
DNA/
de
oxyrib
onucle
ica
cid
;RNA;
CRIS
PR-Ca
s
9___1
______2
______3
___Te
rmsDe
scriptionsg
e
ne
In
b
io
log
y,
it
is
a
s
e
g
m
e
nt
of
DNA
loca
te
d
o
n
chrom
os
om
e
s
tha
t
p
roduce
p
ro
te
in.
The
y
a
ls
o
e
xis
t
a
s
a
lle
le
s
of
w
hich
you
ne
e
d
tw
o
to
p
roduce
a
ce
rta
in
t
ra
it
inoffs
p
ring
.g
e
ne
e
d
it
ing
It
is
a
g
roup
of
te
chno
log
ie
s
tha
t
g
ive
s
cie
ntis
t
s
the
a
b
ilit
y
to cha
ng
e
a
norg
a
nis
m
’s
DNA.
The
s
e
te
chno
log
ie
s
a
llow
g
e
ne
t
ic
m
a
te
ria
l
to
b
e
a
dde
d
,
re
m
o
ve
d
,
o
r
a
lt
e
re
d
a
tpa
rt
icula
r
loca
t
ions
in
the
g
e
nom
e
.
It
m
e
a
ns
p
re
cis
e
ly
a
lt
e
ring
g
e
ne
t
ic
s
e
q
ue
nce
s
in
living
ce
lls
,
including tho
s
e
ofhum
a
ns
.CRIS
PR-Ca
s
9
It
is
a
ne
w
g
e
nom
e
e
d
it
ing
tool.
It
is
a
s
cis
s
ors
-like
che
m
ica
l
to
o
l
tha
t
ca
n
p
re
cis
e
ly
cut
a
nd
cus
tom
ize
s
t
re
tche
s
ofg
e
ne
t
ic
m
a
te
ria
l,
s
uch
a
s
hum
a
n
DNA.His
t
o
r
y
o
f
Ge
n
e
Ed
it
in
gPa
r
t
Ig
e
ne
e
d
it
ing
/
g
e
nom
e
e
d
it
ing
;
GMO/
g
e
ne
t
ica
lly
m
odifie
d
org
a
nis
m
;
g
e
ne
;
DNA/
de
oxyrib
onucle
ic
a
cid
;RNA;
CRIS
PR-Ca
s
9__4
____5
____6
__Te
rm
sDe
s
crip
t
io
n
sRNA
It
is
a
p
o
lym
e
ric
m
o
le
cule
m
a
de
up
of
one
o
r
m
ore
nucle
o
t
ide
s
.
Ea
ch
nucle
o
t
ide
is
m
a
de
up
of
a
b
a
s
e
(a
de
nine
,
cytos
ine
,
g
ua
nine
,
a
nd
ura
cil,
typ
ica
llya
b
b
re
via
te
d
a
s
A,
C,
G
a
nd
U),
a
rib
os
e
s
ug
a
r,
a
nd
a
p
hos
p
ha
te
.GMO
It
is
a
p
la
nt,
a
nim
a
l,
m
icroo
rg
a
nis
m
or
o
the
r
org
a
nis
m
s
w
ho
s
e
g
e
ne
t
ic
m
a
ke
up
ha
sb
e
e
n
m
odifie
d
in
a
la
b
ora
tory
us
ing
g
e
ne
t
ic
e
ng
ine
e
ring
or
t
ra
ns
g
e
nic
te
chnolog
y.
This
cre
a
te
s
com
b
ina
t
ions
of
p
la
nt,
a
nim
a
l,
b
a
cte
ria
l
a
nd
virus
g
e
ne
s
tha
t
do
notoccur
in
na
ture
or
throug
h
t
ra
d
it
iona
l
cros
s
b
re
e
d
ing
m
e
thods
.DNA
It
is
the
che
m
ica
l
a
t
the
ce
nte
r
of
the
ce
lls
of
living
thing
s
tha
t
co
ntrols
the
s
t
ructurea
nd
p
urp
os
e
of
e
a
ch
ce
ll
a
nd
ca
rrie
s
g
e
ne
t
ic
inform
a
t
ion
during
re
p
roduction.His
t
o
r
y
o
f
Ge
n
e
Ed
it
in
gPa
r
t
I1
.
Wha
t
im
p
orta
nt
e
ve
nts
in
g
e
ne
e
d
it
ing
his
tory
com
e
to
your
m
ind
w
he
n
you
s
e
ethe
a
b
ove
p
icture
s
?CRIS
PRd
is
co
v
e
r
y
o
f
t
h
e
Do
u
b
le
He
lix
t
h
e
Clo
n
in
g
o
f
Do
lly
t
h
e
S
h
e
e
p2
.
Ca
n
you
a
rra
ng
e
the
m
in
chronolog
ica
l
orde
r?B
-C-AHis
t
o
r
y
o
f
Ge
n
e
Ed
it
in
gPa
r
t
ITime
lineMe
thod
and
Te
chniqueDe
ta
ile
d
Informationse
le
ctive
breedingIt
canstreng
then
u_s_e
f1u_l_t_r_a_i_t_s
in
plantsandanimals,butnever
truly
understand
h_o2w
i_t
.
w
o
rke
ddiscovery
of
DNAInformation
is
encoded
in
the
s_t_r_u_3c_t_u_r_e_
of
the
molecule.Chang
e
the
_i_n_s
t
r_u4_c_t_io
n_s,
and
you
chang
e
the
being
carrying
it.in
the
1960
sbombarding
plants
withr_a_d_5ia
t
i_o
n_It
can
cause
random
mutations
in
the
g
enetic
codeSometimes
it
actually
works
too.in
the
1970
sinserting
DNA
snippets
to b
a6c_t_e_r_i_a,
plants
and
animalsScientists
do
this
for
search,
m
e
d
7ic
ine
,
ag
riculture
and
for
fun.in
1974birth
of
the
earlie
st
g
eneticallymodified
animal
M8ic
e
was
reg
arded
as
a
standard
tool
for
re
search,
savingmillions
of
live
s.His
t
o
r
y
o
f
Ge
n
e
Ed
it
in
gPa
r
t
ITime
lineMe
thod
and
Te
chniqueDe
ta
ile
d
Informationin
the
1980sthe
first
p
a9t
e
ntToda
y,
we
produce
many
c_h
e_m10ic
a_l_s
by
means
of
eng
ineered
life
,like
life
-
saving
clotting
factors,
g
rowth
hormones
and
insulin.in
1994the
first
food
modifiedin
the
labwent
on
sale
:
the
Flavr
Savr
tomatoIt
re
fe
rs
to
a
tomatog
iven
a
much
long
er
shelf-
life
via
anextra
g
enethat
suppresses
thebuild-
up
of
arotting
e
n
z1y1m
e
.in
the
1990shuman
eng
ineeringTo
tre
at
maternal
infe
rtility,
babies
were
made
that
carry
g
eneticinformation
from
t
h_1r2e
_e
humans,
making
them
the
firsthumans
ever
to
have
three
g_e_1n3e_t_i_c
parents.until
recentlyrevolutionary
new
technolog
yC_1R4I_S_PROvernig
ht,
thecostsof
eng
ineeringhave
s_h_r1u5n
k
by
99%.Instead
of
a
year,
it
takes
a
few
weeks
to
conduct
experiments.It
lite
rally
has
thepotential
to
chang
e
humanity
forever.His
t
o
r
y
o
f
Ge
n
e
Ed
it
in
gPa
r
t
IMa
ke
a
b
rie
f
re
vie
w
of
the
w
hole
proce
s
s
or
focus
on
one
or
s
e
ve
ra
l
s
ta
g
e
sof
the
his
tory
of
g
e
ne
e
d
it
ing
.
Ple
a
s
e
a
dd
s
om
e
e
xtra
inform
a
t
io
n
re
le
va
ntto
your
top
ic
if
p
os
s
ib
le
.Th
e
Wo
rkin
g
Prin
cip
le
s
of
CRIS
PR-Ca
s
9Pa
r
t
IICa
n
you
re
te
ll
the
w
orking
p
rincip
le
s
of
CRIS
PR
a
f
te
r
w
a
tching
thevide
o
clip
?Th
e
Wo
rkin
g
Prin
cip
le
s
of
CRIS
PR-Ca
s
9Pa
r
t
II1
.
The
CRIS
PR
m
e
thod
is
b
a
s
e
d
on
a
na
tura
l
s
ys
te
m
us
e
d
b
y
virus
to
p
ro
te
ct
the
m
from
infe
ctio
nb
y
b
a
cte
ria
.Re
vis
io
n:
The
CRIS
PR
m
e
thod
is
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
a
na
tura
l
s
ys
t
e
m
us
e
d
b
y
b
a
cte
ria
to
p
ro
t
e
ct
the
mfrom
infe
ct
ion
b
y
virus
.2
.
Whe
n
the
b
a
cte
rium
de
te
cts
the
p
re
s
e
nce
of
virus
DNA,
it
p
roduce
s
o
nly
one
typ
e
of
s
hortRNA
w
hich
conta
ins
a
s
e
q
ue
nce
tha
t
m
a
tche
s
tha
t
of
the
inva
d
ing
virus
.Re
vis
io
n:
Whe
n
the
b
a
cte
rium
de
te
cts
the
p
re
s
e
nce
o
f
virus
DNA,
it
p
ro
duce
s
tw
otyp
e
s
o
f
s
hortRNA,
one
o
f
w
hich
conta
ins
a
s
e
q
ue
nce
tha
t
m
a
tche
s
tha
t
o
f
the
inva
d
ing
virus
.FFTh
e
Wo
rkin
g
Prin
cip
le
s
of
CRIS
PR-Ca
s
9Pa
r
t
II3
.
Ca
s
9
is
a
nucle
a
s
e
,
a
typ
e
of
e
nzym
e
tha
t
ca
n
cut
DNA.
Whe
n
a
m
a
tching
s
e
q
ue
nce
,know
n
a
s
a
g
uide
RNA,
f
inds
it
s
t
a
rg
e
t
w
ith
in
the
vira
l
g
e
nom
e
,
the
g
uide
RNA
cuts
the
ta
rg
e
t
DNA
d
ire
ct
ly,
d
is
a
b
ling
the
virus
.Re
vis
ion:Ca
s
9
is
a
nucle
a
s
e
,
a
typ
e
o
f
e
nzym
e
tha
t
ca
n
cut
DNA.
Whe
n
a
m
a
tching
s
e
q
ue
nce
,
know
n
a
s
a
g
uide
RNA,
f
inds
it
s
ta
rg
e
t
w
ithin
the
vira
l
g
e
nom
e
,
the
Ca
s
9cuts
the
ta
rg
e
t
DNA,
d
is
a
b
ling
the
virus
.4
.
The
Ca
s
9
w
ill
unzip
the
DNA,
a
nd
m
a
tch
it
to
it
s
ta
rg
e
t
RNA.
If
the
m
a
tch
iscom
p
le
te
,
the
Ca
s
9
w
ill
us
e
tw
o
t
iny
m
o
le
cula
r
s
cis
s
ors
to
cut
the
DNA.TFTh
e
Wo
rkin
g
Prin
cip
le
s
of
CRIS
PR-Ca
s
9Pa
r
t
II5
.
Whe
n
the
cutting
ha
p
p
e
ns
,
the
ce
ll
t
rie
s
to
re
pa
ir
the
cut.
But
the
re
pa
ir
p
roce
s
s
is
e
rror-p
rone
,
le
a
d
ing
to
m
uta
t
io
ns
tha
t
ca
n
d
is
a
b
le
the
g
e
ne
,
a
llo
w
ing
re
s
e
a
rche
rs
to
unde
rs
ta
nd
it
s
function.6
.
Ge
ne
e
d
it
ing
ca
n
b
e
do
ne
in
culture
d
ce
lls
,
including
s
te
m
ce
lls
tha
t
ca
n
g
ive
ris
e
tom
a
ny
d
if
fe
re
nt
typ
e
s
,
how
e
ve
r,
it
ca
nnot
b
e
done
in
a
fe
rt
ilize
d
e
g
g
.TFRe
vis
io
n:Ge
ne
e
d
it
ing
ca
n
b
e
done
in
culture
d
ce
lls
,
including
s
t
e
m
ce
lls
tha
t
ca
n
g
ive
ris
eto
m
a
ny
d
if
fe
re
nt
typ
e
s
.
It
ca
n
a
ls
o
b
e
do
ne
in
a
fe
rt
ilize
d
e
g
g
,
a
llow
ing
the
cre
a
t
ion
o
ft
ra
ns
g
e
nic
a
nim
a
ls
w
ith
ta
rg
e
te
d
m
uta
t
ions
.Th
e
Wo
rkin
g
Prin
cip
le
s
of
CRIS
PR-Ca
s
9Pa
r
t
II7
.
Unlike
p
re
vious
m
e
thods
,
CRIS
PR
ca
n
b
e
us
e
d
to
ta
rg
e
t
m
a
ny
g
e
ne
s
a
t
once
.This
is
a
b
ig
a
dva
nta
g
e
for
s
tudying
com
p
le
x
hum
a
n
d
is
e
a
s
e
s
tha
t
a
re
ca
us
e
d
notb
y
a
s
ing
le
m
uta
t
ion
b
ut
b
y
m
a
ny
g
e
ne
s
a
cting
tog
e
the
r.8
.
Althoug
h
this
m
e
thod
is
b
e
ingim
p
rove
d
ra
p
id
ly,
it
s
a
p
p
lica
t
ion
is
q
uite
lim
ite
d
.TRe
vis
ion:This
m
e
thod
is
b
e
ing
im
p
rove
d
ra
p
id
ly,
a
nd
w
ill
ha
ve
m
a
ny
a
p
p
lica
t
ions
inb
a
s
ic
re
s
e
a
rch,
in
drug
de
ve
lop
m
e
nt,
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