英语变体听力智慧树知到期末考试答案2024年

英语变体听力智慧树知到期末考试答案2024年英语变体听力TherearenobilabialfricativesinEnglish。（）

A:正确B:错误答案:正确VelarnasalsinEnglishcanneverbeputattheonsetofsyllables。（）

A:错B:对答案:错UnstressedvowelsinEnglishareusuallyreducedtoaschwa。（）

A:对B:错答案:对ThereisaschwainEnglish。（）

A:错B:对答案:对AllthehighvowelsinEnglisharefrontvowels。（）

A:正确B:错误答案:错误AllthelowvowelsinEnglisharebackvowels。（）

A:错B:对答案:对AlltherisingdiphthongsinEnglishareendedeitherwithalaxfrontvoweloralaxbackvowel。（）

A:错误B:正确答案:正确CardinalvowelsareEnglish-specific。（）

A:正确B:错误答案:错误AllthecenteringdiphthongsinEnglishareendedwithaschwa。（）

A:对B:错答案:对TheschwainEnglishisavoicedsound。（）

A:对B:错答案:对WhydowespeakdifferentlywhenweallaresupposedtospeakEnglish?（）

A:StressshiftcanbequitecommonindifferentEnglishvarieties.B:WhenwespeakEnglish,ourfirstlanguageaccentsmayexertinfluence.C:Astress-timedL1mayfacilitateEnglishspeaking.D:Asyllable-timedL1mayrenderdifficultyinpronouncingEnglishsounds.答案:speakingWhataresomeoftheadvantagesofexonormativemodel?（）

A:Itwouldbeconvenienttohirewell-trainedandhighlyproficientlocalteachersofEnglish.B:ItwouldbepedagogicallybeneficialtorecruitnativespeakersofEnglishasteachers,thoughuntrained.C:Itadvantagesnativespeakerteachers.D:ItadvantagestheAmericanandBritishEnglishlanguageteachingindustries.答案:ItadvantagestheAmericanandBritishEnglishlanguageteachingindustries.;Itadvantagesnativespeakerteachers.;ItwouldbepedagogicallybeneficialtorecruitnativespeakersofEnglishasteachers,thoughuntrained.WhataretheshortcomingsoftheENL/ESL/EFLmodel?（）

A:Thetermof‘nativelanguage’canleadtomisunderstanding.B:AnENLmodelmaybeinappropriateinanESLorEFLcountry.C:TheENL/ESL/EFLmodelcanbringaboutprejudiceandbias.D:ItbecomesmoreandmoredifficulttoaccuratelyclassifycountriesintoEFLones.答案:Thetermof‘nativelanguage’canleadtomisunderstanding.;ItbecomesmoreandmoredifficulttoaccuratelyclassifycountriesintoEFLones.;AnENLmodelmaybeinappropriateinanESLorEFLcountry.;TheENL/ESL/EFLmodelcanbringaboutprejudiceandbias.HowhasRussianbeensurpassedbyEnglishinChinainthetwentiethcentury?（）

A:EvenduringthoseperiodswhenEnglishwasofficiallyclassifiedasbeingthelanguageofsuspectforces,manyeducatedandurbanChinesemaintainedawishtolearnit.B:Englishhasalwaysbeenthefirstforeignlanguagesince1949.C:Sincethelate1950s,thefirstforeignlanguagehasbeenEnglish.D:Russianwasthefirstforeignlanguagefrom1949untiltherelationshipwithRussiadeteriorated.答案:EnglishAsforthephoneticfeaturesofAfricanAmericanEnglish,whichstatementsaretrue?（）

A:Non-useofconstantclusters,especiallyinfinalposition.B:Substitutionof‘this’with‘tis’.C:Substitutionof‘nothing’with‘nufing’.D:Pronouncing‘boyfriend’as‘boyfrien’.答案:Non-useofconstantclusters,especiallyinfinalposition.;Substitutionof‘nothing’with‘nufing’.;Pronouncing‘boyfriend’as‘boyfrien’.WhatisthegeneralpositionofEnglishwithinthecountriesofEurope?（）

A:ThepositionofEnglishwithinthecountriesofEuropediffersconsiderably.B:ThemajorityofEuropeans,excludingnativespeakers,donotlearnEnglishinschools.C:Englishisspreadingbecauseofitsvalueinsomanydifferentdomains.D:Increasingly,youngEuropeansareabletocommunicatewitheachotherinEnglish.E:TheoverallpictureappearstobeofabilingualismormultilingualismwithEnglishasoneofthelanguages.答案:ThepositionofEnglishwithinthecountriesofEuropediffersconsiderably.;TheoverallpictureappearstobeofabilingualismormultilingualismwithEnglishasoneofthelanguages.;Englishisspreadingbecauseofitsvalueinsomanydifferentdomains.;Increasingly,youngEuropeansareabletocommunicatewitheachotherinEnglish.Whataresomeofthedisadvantagesofexonormativemodel?（）

A:Itdisadvantagesthegreatmajorityofstudentswhofeelthemodelisunattainable.B:ItdisadvantagestheAmericanandBritishELTindustry.C:Itdisadvantagesnon-nativespeakerlocalteachers.D:Itdisadvantagesnativespeakerteachers.答案:Itdisadvantagesnon-nativespeakerlocalteachers.;Itdisadvantagesthegreatmajorityofstudentswhofeelthemodelisunattainable.Asfortherelationshipbetweenregisterandvariety,whichstatementsaretrue?（）

A:Interactionalandsocialfactorscandeterminewhypeopleuseacertainvariety.B:Thelanguageusedinformalsituationsisdifferentfromeverydayexpressions.C:Registercanbeanimportantmarkerofprofessionalidentity.D:Aregisterisacertainvarietyoflanguage.答案:Thelanguageusedinformalsituationsisdifferentfromeverydayexpressions.;Interactionalandsocialfactorscandeterminewhypeopleuseacertainvariety.;Aregisterisacertainvarietyoflanguage.;Registercanbeanimportantmarkerofprofessionalidentity.HowwereEnglish,SpanishandTagalogmadeofficiallanguagesinthePhilippines?（）

A:In1901,sixyearsafterthebeginningofAmericanrule,English-mediumeducationwasintroduced.B:Atthetimeofindependence,itscolonialhistorywasevidentintheestablishmentofbothEnglishandSpanishasnationallanguages,alongwiththelocallanguageTagalog.C:In1935thePhilippinesbecameaself-governingcommonwealthandreceivedindependencein1946.D:ThecountrywasacolonyofSpainfrom1521untilitcameunderAmericanrulein1895.答案:EnglishAsforthelanguageofEnglishinthesub-SaharaAfrica,whichstatementsaretrue?（）

A:EastAfricanEnglishisspokeninKenyaandTanzania.B:SouthernAfricanEnglishisspokeninSouthAfrica,ZimbabweandBotswana.C:ThelanguageofEnglishinthesub-SaharaAfricafallsintothreedistinctgroups.D:WestAfricanEnglish,spokeninCameroon,GhanaandNigeria.答案:ThelanguageofEnglishinthesub-SaharaAfricafallsintothreedistinctgroups.;EastAfricanEnglishisspokeninKenyaandTanzania.;SouthernAfricanEnglishisspokeninSouthAfrica,ZimbabweandBotswana.;WestAfricanEnglish,spokeninCameroon,GhanaandNigeria.Asforthefunctionsofanativelanguage,whichstatementsaretrue?（）

A:Anativelanguageofaspeakermaynotbeuseddeliberately.B:Asecondorthirdlanguagemaybeappliedforthesakeofidentity.C:Anativelanguageofaspeakermaynotbeusedbecauseofsocialinteractions.D:Tokeepanativelanguagealive,oneshouldavoidlivinginamultilingualenvironment.答案:Anativelanguageofaspeakermaynotbeusedbecauseofsocialinteractions.###Anativelanguageofaspeakermaynotbeuseddeliberately.###Asecondorthirdlanguagemaybeappliedforthesakeofidentity.AsfortheENL/ESL/EFLdistinction,whichstatementsaretrue?（）

A:BritishEnglishisanexampleofENL.B:EnglishinASEANisanexampleofEFL.C:EnglishinChinaisanexampleofEFL.D:IndianEnglishisanexampleofESL.答案:BritishEnglishisanexampleofENL.;IndianEnglishisanexampleofESL.;EnglishinChinaisanexampleofEFL.Whydomostoutercirclecountriesprefertheendonormativemodel?（）

A:ThelocalvarietyofEnglishhasbecomesociallyacceptable.B:Incertaincontexts,thechoiceofthelocalmodelcanalsodirectlyadvantagethestudents.C:Theeducationsystemasawholeisadvantagedbythechoiceofalocalmodelandlocalteachers.D:ItmayremovethefearthatthelearningofEnglishbringsaboutadoptionofalienvaluesandcultures.答案:ThelocalvarietyofEnglishhasbecomesociallyacceptable.;Theeducationsystemasawholeisadvantagedbythechoiceofalocalmodelandlocalteachers.;Incertaincontexts,thechoiceofthelocalmodelcanalsodirectlyadvantagethestudents.;ItmayremovethefearthatthelearningofEnglishbringsaboutadoptionofalienvaluesandcultures.Asforaconsonant,whichstatementsaretrue?（）

A:Somemayformasyllablealone.B:Itispronouncedwithcertainobstruction.C:Itisonlyusedinonsetsofsyllables.D:Itisaspeechsound.答案:Itisaspeechsound.;Itispronouncedwithcertainobstruction.;Somemayformasyllablealone.WhatarethestrandsofanELFteachingapproach?（）

A:Thecurriculumshouldfocusonhowculturesdifferanditsimplicationsforcross-culturalcommunication.B:Thecommunicativestrategiesshouldbeunderpinnedbyamutualdesiretocooperateandcollaborate.C:Studentsneedtobeawareofthelinguisticfeaturesthatcauseparticularproblemsofmutualintelligibility.D:Studentsneedtobetaughtthecommunicativestrategiesthataidsuccessfulcross-culturalcommunication.答案:Studentsneedtobeawareofthelinguisticfeaturesthatcauseparticularproblemsofmutualintelligibility.;Thecurriculumshouldfocusonhowculturesdifferanditsimplicationsforcross-culturalcommunication.;Studentsneedtobetaughtthecommunicativestrategiesthataidsuccessfulcross-culturalcommunication.;Thecommunicativestrategiesshouldbeunderpinnedbyamutualdesiretocooperateandcollaborate.WhatisthesignificanceofcomparingandcontrastingRPandotheraccents?（）

A:Tomakeclearthatlocalaccentsarepreferrabletothoseaimingtocommunicatewiththeirlocals.B:Tojustifythatvariationisnatural,normalandcommon.C:TowarnlearnersofEnglishagainsttheRPmodel.D:ToindicatethatlearnersofEnglishshouldfollowtheRPmodel.答案:Tomakeclearthatlocalaccentsarepreferrabletothoseaimingtocommunicatewiththeirlocals.;Tojustifythatvariationisnatural,normalandcommon.Whydoalmostallexpandingcirclecountrieschoosetheexonormativemodel?（）

A:Becausethesenativespeakermodelshaveprestigeandlegitimacy.B:BecauseEnglishlanguageteachingmaterialsbasedonsuchmodelsareunavailable.C:Becausethesenativespeakermodelshaveahistoryandhavebeencodified.D:BecauseMinistriesofEducationaroundtheworldarekeentoprovidethe‘best’fortheirpeople.答案:BecauseMinistriesofEducationaroundtheworldarekeentoprovidethe‘best’fortheirpeople.###Becausethesenativespeakermodelshaveahistoryandhavebeencodified.Whatareadvantagesofthethree-circlemodelovertheENL/ESL/EFLmodel?（）

A:ThespreadofEnglishdoesnotmeantransplantingonemodeltoothercountries.B:Englishnowhasmulticulturalidentities.C:ThismodelacknowledgesthelegitimacyofmanyEnglishes.D:ItassumesthateachvarietyoftheEnglishesislinguisticallyandculturallyequal.答案:ThismodelacknowledgesthelegitimacyofmanyEnglishes.;ItassumesthateachvarietyoftheEnglishesislinguisticallyandculturallyequal.;ThespreadofEnglishdoesnotmeantransplantingonemodeltoothercountries.;Englishnowhasmulticulturalidentities.AsforESP,whichstatementsaretrue?（）

A:Itprovidesuswithanapproachtolanguagelearning.B:ESP,includingEAP,isaspecializedvarietyofEnglish.C:Itusuallycontainsaparticularkindoflanguageuse.D:ESPmustbeseenbothasanapproachandasaproduct.答案:ESP,includingEAP,isaspecializedvarietyofEnglish.;ESPmustbeseenbothasanapproachandasaproduct.;Itusuallycontainsaparticularkindoflanguageuse.;Itprovidesuswithanapproachtolanguagelearning.WhatarethefourcriteriaoftenusedtoclassifyavarietyofEnglishas‘native’ratherthan‘nativised’?Howcanwechallengethefourcriteria?Choosethecorrectanswersaccordingly.（）

A:Anativevarietyisassumedtobesuperiortoothervarieties,butitfailstofunctionwellifusedtoconveylocalculturalelements.B:Anativevarietyisassumedtoinfluenceyoungervarieties,butthevarietyitselfhasbeeninfluencedbyotherlanguagesorcultures.C:Anativevarietyisassumedtobespokenbyanativespeaker,butitisdifficulttodefineanativespeaker.D:Anativevarietyisassumedtobeequaltoothervarieties,butithasbeensurpassedbylatervarieties.E:Anativevarietyisassumedtohavebeenaroundforalongtime,butitisdifficulttodefinethetimespan.答案:Anativevarietyisassumedtohavebeenaroundforalongtime,butitisdifficulttodefinethetimespan.;Anativevarietyisassumedtoinfluenceyoungervarieties,butthevarietyitselfhasbeeninfluencedbyotherlanguagesorcultures.;Anativevarietyisassumedtobespokenbyanativespeaker,butitisdifficulttodefineanativespeaker.;Anativevarietyisassumedtobesuperiortoothervarieties,butitfailstofunctionwellifusedtoconveylocalculturalelements.Asfortheclassificationofconsonants,whichstatementsaretrue?（）

A:Theycanbegroupedintoglidesandvowels.B:Theycanbegroupedintosyllabicandnon-syllabicsounds.C:Theycanbegroupedintooralandnasalsounds.D:Theycanbegroupedintovoicedandvoicelesscategories.答案:Theycanbegroupedintovoicedandvoicelesscategories.;Theycanbegroupedintooralandnasalsounds.;Theycanbegroupedintosyllabicandnon-syllabicsounds.WhyistheEnglishinthenorthofNigeriadifferentfromthatinthesouthofthecountry?（）

A:BecauseNigeriadidnotofficiallybecomeacolonyuntil1914.B:BecausetheEnglishteachersinthenorthcarriedRPaccent.C:BecausetheEnglishteachersinthesouthweremissionaries,caringabouttheteachingofthegospel.D:BecausetheEnglishteachersinthesouthwouldliketoteachstandardEnglish.答案:southWhataretheadvantagesofanELFteachingapproach?（）

A:ItwouldshiftthefocusofEnglishlanguageteachingcommunicativestrategies.B:Neitherteachersnorstudentswouldbeaskedtoaimforanunattainableorinappropriatemodel.C:Itwouldprovidetheadvantagestobothteachersandstudentsinanendonormativemodel.D:ItcouldaccommodateculturalconventionsandpragmaticnormsthatdifferfromAnglo-Americannorms.答案:Itwouldprovidetheadvantagestobothteachersandstudentsinanendonormativemodel.;ItwouldshiftthefocusofEnglishlanguageteachingcommunicativestrategies.;ItcouldaccommodateculturalconventionsandpragmaticnormsthatdifferfromAnglo-Americannorms.;Neitherteachersnorstudentswouldbeaskedtoaimforanunattainableorinappropriatemodel.WhyissuccessfulcommunicationinELFnotimpededbytheinterdentalsinEnglish?（）

A:Becausethesubstitutionofthesetwosoundsisstillintelligibletopeopleincommunication.B:Becausethesubstitutionofthesetwosoundswon’tleadtoabreakdowninverbalcommunication.C:BecausethesetwosoundsarethemostdifficultsoundstoteacheveninENLsituations.D:Becausethesetwosoundsareusuallysubstitutedbyalveolarsounds,suchast,d,s,andz.答案:Becausethesubstitutionofthesetwosoundswon’tleadtoabreakdowninverbalcommunication.;Becausethesetwosoundsareusuallysubstitutedbyalveolarsounds,suchast,d,s,andz.;Becausethesubstitutionofthesetwosoundsisstillintelligibletopeopleincommunication.WhyhasEnglishvirtuallybeenthesolemediumofeducationinSingaporeatalllevelssince1987?（）

A:BecausethereareasmallnumberofspecialschoolsforgiftedstudentsthatteachthroughChineseandEnglishmedia.B:BecausethelanguagepolicyrequiresallitspeopletospeakEnglishonly.C:BecausethelanguagepolicyrequiresallitspeopletospeakEnglishaswellastheirownmothertongue.D:Becausethereispolicyof‘English+1’.答案:BecausethereareasmallnumberofspecialschoolsforgiftedstudentsthatteachthroughChineseandEnglishmedia.;Becausethereispolicyof‘English+1’.;BecausethelanguagepolicyrequiresallitspeopletospeakEnglishaswellastheirownmothertongue.WhataresomeofthefeaturesofASEANEnglishpronunciation?（）

A:Thesimplificationoffinalconsonantclustersiscommon.B:ThereisalsoatendencynottoreduceprominencewherethismightbeexpectedC:InMalayandTagalog,theconsonantsounds/f/and/p/tendtobeclearlydistinguished.D:Thereisalwaysatendencytowardsalackofreducedvowels.答案:Thesimplificationoffinalconsonantclustersiscommon.;Thereisalwaysatendencytowardsalackofreducedvowels.;ThereisalsoatendencynottoreduceprominencewherethismightbeexpectedAsforlinguafrancaEnglish,whichstatementsaretrue?（）

A:Itisacommonlanguageusedbypeopleofdifferentlanguagebackgroundstocommunicatewitheachother.B:AThaiandanIndonesianmaychooseEnglishasalinguafrancainASEAN.C:MandarinisthelinguafrancatospeakersindifferentChinesedialects.D:EnglishistheonlylinguafrancainEU.答案:Itisacommonlanguageusedbypeopleofdifferentlanguagebackgroundstocommunicatewitheachother.;MandarinisthelinguafrancatospeakersindifferentChinesedialects.;AThaiandanIndonesianmaychooseEnglishasalinguafrancainASEAN.Linguisticallyspeaking,whatarethemostsignificantdifferencesbetweenIndianEnglishandSriLankanEnglish?（）

A:ShortlyaftertheestablishmentofSriLankanindependence,aSinhala-onlypolicywasintroduced.B:InSriLanka,thereareonlytwomajorlanguagesspokenthere:SinhalaandTamil.C:IthasbeenclaimedthatthenewSinhala-speakingelitehadmuchdesiretopromoteEnglish.D:EnglishoperatesasalinguafrancaorbridgelanguagebetweentheSinhalamajorityandtheTamilminority.答案:InSriLanka,thereareonlytwomajorlanguagesspokenthere:SinhalaandTamil.;ShortlyaftertheestablishmentofSriLankanindependence,aSinhala-onlypolicywasintroduced.;Englishoperatesasalinguafrancaorbridgelanguagebetween