高考英语阅读猜词解题技巧训练

英语阅读思路分析与解题方法--猜词2023/5/241词义理解题常见的题型有:Theauthorusestheword“…”tomean____.Theunderlinedword(phrase,term)“…”means_____.Accordingtothepassage,theword“…”properlymeans_____.Theword“…”inparagraph…refersto____.By“…”,theauthormeans_____.whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“…”?Whatis“…”?2023/5/242方法：1．返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方；2．注意结合上下文，理解该词的意思；3．可判断该词汇是否超纲，如果是纲内词汇，则字面意思必然不是正确答案；4．词汇的正确答案，经常蕴藏在原文该词出现的前后

2023/5/243GuessingUnknownWords/Vocabulary（猜词）Definitionandexplanation利用定义和解释猜测词义；Eg.

Heisaresolute

man.Oncehemakesuphismindtodosomething,hewon’tgiveituphalfway.Theunderlinedwordmeans____.A.strongB.firmC.kindD.clever2023/5/244Ex.1◎Apersonwhoisskilledatmakingorrepairingwoodenobjectsiscalledacarpenter.◎Hisuncleisazoologist,anexpertwhodoesresearchonanimals.◎Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.◎Weareonthenightshift---frommidnightto8a.m.---thisweek.

木匠

动物学家

牧人

夜班2023/5/2452)Experience根据普通常识和经验推测生词的词义Eg.Mr.BrownisnowworkingatPrincetonUniversityfarawayfromhome.Forthisreasonhehasto

rentaroomneartheofficewhereheworks.A.toworktoliveB.toeattoliveC.toteachtoliveD.topaytouse2023/5/246Agoodteacherworksinquiteadifferentway.His

audience

takeanactivepartinhisplay:theyaskandanswerquestions,theyobeyorders,andiftheydon’tunderstandsomething,theysayso.Theword“audience”intheparagraphmeans____.A.studentsB.peoplewhowatchaplayC.peoplewhoactonthestageD.peoplewholistentosomething2023/5/2473)RelatedInformation即根据上下文的语境来猜测生词的词义。

Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupation

was.Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer.A.workB.studyC.nameD.interestworkedasanengineer.2023/5/2484)GuessingfromComparisonandContrast根据上下文中的比较、对照关系猜测词义；

Thosenewcomerswerenotusedtothelifeinthesuburbs

whichwassodifferentfromthatinsidethecity.

A.townB.capitalC.countryD.housethecity2023/5/249Ex.2◎Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.Now,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil.

◎Ifyouagree,write“yes”;ifyoudissent,write“no”.

混乱不同意2023/5/2410Rubbercanbemadetostretchmorethanninetimesitsnormallengthbecauseitisveryelastic.Theriverissoturbidthatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow.弹性的混浊的2023/5/24115)Guessingwordfromdescriptionexemplification通过描述和例证猜词A)Youcantakeanyoftheperiodicals:TheWorldofEnglish,ForeignLanguageTeachinginSchools,orEnglishLearning.A.dictionariesB.story-booksC.magazinesD.newspapers

2023/5/2412Insomecountrieswherethereisverylittlerain,thefarmershavetoirrigate,orwater,theirfields.Allwhalesfallintotwogroups,thosewithteethandthosewithout,Dolphinsbelongtoodontoceti,thatistosay,theyaretoothedwhales.灌溉有牙齿的2023/5/24136)GuessingwordfromSynonymandAntonym.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词。

Isheintelligent

orstupid?MostwomeninGhana---theeducatedandilliterate,theurbanandrural,theyoungandold---worktoearnanincomeinadditiontomaintainingtheirrolesashousewivesandmothers.Theirreputationforeconomicindependence,self-reliance,andhardworkiswellknownandwelldeserved.Theunderlinedword“illiterate”inthepassagemeans____.A.RepeatedB.reiterated.CuneducatedD.sickclever2023/5/2414…

“TheDaveyousawonTVwastherealDave,”saysfriendPatWilliams,“Hewasn’tagreatactororagreatspeaker.HewasjustJoeEverybody.”(02年E篇)

74.“HewasjustJoeEverybody.”(inthelastparagraph)means_____.

A.DavewasfamousB.DavewasordinaryC.DavewasshowyD.Davewasshy2023/5/2415Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananaesthetic

tomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.Whenyouthrowastoneintostillwaterofalake,youwillwatcharipplespreadinringsonthesurfaceofwater.

麻药波纹2023/5/24167)GuessingwordfromCauseandResult通过原因与结果关系猜词SinceIhavefinishedmypapernow,Iamgoingtogivemyselfatreattonight.Iamgoingtowatchamovieoncampus,anactionmoviecalled“FaceOff”.Theunderlinedwords“atreat”heremeans____.A.anactionmovieB.somethingpleasanttoenjoyarestD.somethingnicetoeat2023/5/2417Ex.3◎He’ssuchashrewdbusinessmanthathelosesnomoneyinanytrade.

◎Shewantedthehairdressertotrimherhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.

精明的

修剪2023/5/24188)Wordformation

即根据前缀、后缀、复合、派生等构词知识判断生词的词义(1)Overworkmaycausediseases.前缀over-的意思是“过分的、过量的”故overwork的意思应为“工作过度”。(2)Therewasadissatisfied

lookinthemanager'seyes.satisfied的意思是“满意的”，前缀dis-的意思是“不”，故dissatisfied的意思应该是“不满意的”。2023/5/2419However,tosucceedinlife,onefirstneedstosetagoalandthengraduallymakeitmorepractical.And,inadditiontothat,inordertogetreallygoodatsomething,oneneedstospendatleast10,000hoursstudyingandpractising.Tobecomegreatatcertainthings,it’llrequireevenmoretime,timethatmostpeoplewon’tputin.Theunderlinedword“that”refersto_______.A.beinggoodatsomethingB.settingapracticalgoalC.PuttinginmoretimeD.succeedinginlife2023/5/2420…theadvancedEPalsoheatstheroomevenly,walltowallandfloortoceiling.Itcomfortablycoversanareaupto350squarefeet.Otherheatersheatroomsunevenlywithmostoftheheatconcentratedtothecenteroftheroom.Andtheyonlyheatanareaafewfeetaroundtheheater.WiththeEP,thetemperaturewillnotvaryinanypartoftheroom.Theunderlinedword“evenly”probablymeans________.continuouslyB.separatelyC.quicklyD.equally2023/5/2421HeisOliverBarrettIV,arichjockeyfromastuffyWaspfamilyonhiswaytoaHarvarddegreeandacareerinlaw.SheisJerryCavilleri,awisecrackingworking-classbeautystudyingmusicatRadcliffe.Theyareoppositesinnearlyeveryw