2023-2024学年陕西省南郑中学高考英语三模试卷含解析

2023-2024学年陕西省南郑中学高考英语三模试卷注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Weshouldorganizeusefulactivities,whichwill___________therelationshipofthestudents.A．appoint B．employC．promote D．commit2．IwishI______atmysister’sweddinglastTuesday,butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.A．willbe B．wouldbeC．havebeen D．hadbeen3．－IwasafraidIwouldmisstheimportantlecture.－Oh,wasthatwhyyou_______askingmetospeedup?A．hadkept B．arekeepingC．wouldkeep D．kept4．Moreoftenthannot,theenterprisearoundusaregettingevenricher,________recipeisdon’tputallyoureggsinonebasket.A．ofwhich B．whichC．whose D．ofwhom5．Notfarfromtheclubwasthereagarden,_____ownerseatedinitplayingbridgewithhischildreneveryafternoon.A．whose B．itsC．which D．that6．She________tosomeoneonthephone,soIjustnoddedtoherandwentaway.A．talked B．hastalkedC．hadtalked D．wastalking7．---Canyoutellusyour________forhappinessandalonglife？---Livingeverydaytothefullest，definitely.A．recipe B．effortC．content D．demand8．Itisbeyondawkwardwheneveryonearoundyou______________laughingatajokethatyoudonotfindfunny,especiallyifit’sajoketoldinaforeignlanguage.A．runinto B．burstsoutC．yellsout D．fallsinto9．TheOxfordEnglishDictionaryisnecessaryforlearningEnglish，soyou'dbetterbuy__________．A．this B．that C．it D．one10．Atthattime,mymindwasacomplete_______;Icouldn'tthinkofasingleanswer.A．blank B．bonusC．blow D．bottom11．Sometimes,thekindoffoodweserveapersonsuggests________weshowourgratitude.A．when B．whatC．why D．how12．Thegovernmentshoulddevelopsystemtopredictwhenwildfiresoccurandgivewarningsintime.A．previous B．reliable C．reasonable D．responsible13．———Itwasagreendinner._______———Thanks.Butitreallyonlytookanhour.A．Youmustbetired. B．Ienjoyeditverymuch.C．Youmusthavespentalldaycooking. D．Ihaveneverhaditbefore.14．Goodnews!Wedidn’tspendwehadexpected.A．ashalfmuchmoneyas B．muchmoneyashalfasC．asmuchmoneyashalf D．halfasmuchmoneyas15．Tobeanexpert,abeginnerneedstogothroughaseriesof_____stages.A．intermediateB．liberalC．overallD．demanding16．Quantitiesofsoil________inthearea,resultingintheincreasingnumberofnaturaldisasters.A．iswashedawayB．havewashedawayC．havewashedawayD．havebeenwashedaway17．Inordertofinishtheworktime,themaninchargedecidedtosomemoreworkers.A．giveup B．takeon C．lookafter D．findout18．Itisusuallythoughtalittlechildsaysistruth.A．WhatthatB．thatwhatC．whichD．that19．Ithinkitagreathonor_____tovisityourcountry.A．toinvite B．inviting C．havinginvited D．tobeinvited20．Thefollowing________________chosenasthecandidatesofthecompetition.A．is B．areC．has D．have第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Forthefirsttimeeverscientistspreparetosetabouta3-year-longproject，theNektonMission，toexploretheIndianOceananddocumentchangestakingplacebeneaththewavesthatcouldaffectthesurroundingregionoverthecomingdecades.Theambitiousexplorationteamwillreachoneofthelastmajorunexploredfrontiersontheplanet，avastbodyofwaterthat’salreadyfeelingtheeffectsofglobalwarmingwithrisingwatertemperaturesdamagingitscoralreefs(珊瑚礁).UnderstandingtheIndianOcean’secosystemisimportantnotjustforthespeciesthatliveinit，butalsoforthe2.5billionpeoplelivingintheregion.TheNektonMissionissupportedbymorethan40organizations.Researcherswillspendsevenweekssurveyingunderwaterlife，maptheseafloor，anddropsensors(传感器)todepthsofupto6，560feetintheseasaroundtheSeychelles.TheSeychellesaimstobecomealeaderinthedevelopmentofa“blueeconomy”thatdrawsontheresourcesoftheocean.Itreliesonfishingandtourism，buthaslatelyalsobeenexploitingoilandgasfrombeneaththeseafloor.“Ouroceanisundergoingrapidecologicaltransformationbyhumanactivities.TheNektonMissionisvitaltohelpusbetterknowouroceanspaceandresourcestomakewisedecisions.Onlywhenweknowwhatwehaveintheoceanandwhatisitsvaluecallweproperlydecidewhattoexploitandwhattoleaveuntouched，”saidJumeau，theSeychelles’ambassadortotheUN.ThemissionwillconductfurtherdivesinotherpartsoftheIndianOceanoverthreeyears.Theresearchersexpecttodiscovernewspeciesandsendvideostotheworldbysatellite.Theresearchwillprovideinformationforasummit(峰会)abouttheIndianOceanplannedforlate2021.1、WhydothescientistsplantoexploretheIndianOcean?A．Tosavetheendangeredcreatureslivinginthesea.B．Todiscoverthedamagemankindhasdonetotheocean.C．Tomakethebestuseofthenaturalresourcesinthesea.D．Toprotectitsspeciesandpeoplelivingaroundtheregion.2、WhichisnotincludedinthetaskstobecarriedoutaroundtheSeychelles?A．Drawingmapsoftheseafloor. B．Findingtreasuresunderthesea.C．Puttingsensorsintothedeepsea. D．Studyingunderwaterlife.3、WhatcanbelearnedabouttheNek-tonMission?A．ItwillextendbeyondtheIndianOcean.B．Itwillbenefitalotfrom“blueeconomy”.C．Itwillcontributetothe2021conference.D．Itwillfindsolutionstoglobalwarming.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitlefurthetext?A．ScientistsAretoExploretheIndianOceanB．TheSeychellesAimstoBuilda“BlueEconomy”C．EffectsofGlobalWarmingonMarineEcosystemD．IndianOcean:theLastUnexploredFrontieronthePlanet22．（8分）We’veallhadcaseswherewe’vewaitedjustabittoolongtopayanelectricbillorspeedingticket.Butoneman,fromCaliforniabyreasonableassumption,whogoesby“Dave”,recentlytookprocrastination(拖延)onestepfurther,bypayingaparkingticketalmostahalf-centuryafteritwasgiven.InDecember2018,theMinersvillePoliceDepartmentinPennsylvaniareceivedaletterinthemail.Whoeverwrotetheletterdecideditwasbesttokeephisnamesomewhatunknown,soheputthereturnaddressas“WaywardRoad,AnytownCalifornia”underthename“Feelingguilty”.Whentheofficersopenedtheenvelope,theyfoundabriefletter,alongwitha$5bill,andaparkingticketdatingallthewaybackto1974.Thenoteread,“DearPD,I’vebeencarryingthisticketaroundfor40plusyearsalwaysintendingtopay.ForgivemeifIdon’tgiveyoumyinfo.Withrespect,Dave.”Eventhoughtheinitialparkingticketwasonlyfor$2,“Dave”musthavefeltawfullyguiltybecauseheleft150percent,or$3,ininterest.MichaelCombs,thePoliceChiefoftheMinersvillePoliceDepartment,statedinaninterviewthatthesameticketwouldcostabout$20ifitweregiventoday.Combswentontosharethattheoriginalticketfrom1974wasgiventoavehiclethathadanOhiolicenseplate.Becausetherewasnosystemfortrackingticketsgiventoout-of-statecarsbackthen,“Dave”couldhavegottenawaywithneverpayingthe$2fine.Butapparently,guiltgotthebestofhim,andhedecidedtofinallycoughupthemoneymorethan40yearspastitsduedate.1、Howmuchdoweknowabout“Dave”?A．HelivesinWaywardRoad,AnytownCalifornia.B．Thepolicearetryingtofindoutmoreabouthim.C．HiscarprobablycamefromOhioatthattime.D．“Dave”isofcoursetheman’srealnameindeed.2、Whydidn’t“Dave”payfortheparkingticketuntilrecently?A．Hecompletelyforgotaboutitinthepast44years.B．Hedidn’tfindituntilalmosthalfacenturylater.C．Hefailedtofindoutwhoheshouldpaythemoneyto.D．Hedidn’tpayforitjustbecauseofprocrastination.3、Whatdrove“Dave”topayfortheparkingticketatlast?A．Astrongsenseofguilt.B．Fearofbeingtrackedbythepolice.C．Worryaboutbeingfinedmore.D．Suddenchangeofhisfinancialsituation.4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A．PoliceChiefoftheMinersvillePoliceDepartmentSharesaStoryB．MysteriousProcrastinatorFinallyPays44-Year-OldParkingTicketC．UnusualLetterComesfromWaywardRoad,AnytownCaliforniaD．ParkingTicketCarriedAroundforAlmostHalfaCenturyfromOhio23．（8分）IncelebrationofWomen’sHistoryMonth,hereareafewofthemillionsofwomenthathavebrokenallconventionalrulestomakeadifferenceintheworld.SusanB．AnthonyBomonFebruary15,1820,SusanB．Anthonywasawomen’srightsactivistintheUS.Shespentmanyyearscampaigningforwomen’srighttovote.Anthonywasalsoagainstslavery,helpingsupportthepassageoftheCivilWarAmendments.Shealsolenthervoicetothebattleforequalpayandeducationalopportunitiesforall.AnneFrankAnneFrankgrewupinahappyfamily.However,thingschangedwhenHitlercametopower.Anneandherfamilywereforcedtohideinsideatinyhouse,wheretheyounggirlrecordedherfamily’sfearsandstruggles.Evenafteralltheseyears,herjournal,AnneFrank:TheDiaryofaYoungGirl,continuestobepopularwithpeopleacrossallagesandcultures.AungSanSunKyiDeterminedtobringdemocracy(民主）toMyanmar,AungSanSuuKyifoundedtheNationalLeagueforDemocracy(NLD).SuuKyi’sopendispleasurewiththegovernmentresultedinherspendingmuchofthetimebetween1989and2010inprisonorunderhousearrest.In1991，SuuKyireceivedtheNobelPeacePrize.In2015,fiveyearsaftershehadbeenfreed,SuuKyi’sNLDPartywonagreatvictoryinthegeneralelections.MalalaYousafzaiMalalaYousafzaiwasbomtoaPakistanieducatorandpoet.WhentheTalibandeclaredthatgirlsshouldnotbeeducated,theworld’syoungestNobelPrizewinnerdecidedtochallengetheseunfairpolicies(政策).OnOctober9,2012,shewasshotandbadlyinjured.Sincerecovering,Malalacontinuesherfightforgirls’education.Herbraveryisencouragingyoungpeopleallovertheworldtostandupforwhattheybelieveisright.1、Whomadeagreatcontributiontowomen’srighttovote?A．AnneFrank.B．MalalaYousafzai.C．SusanB．Anthony.D．AungSanSuuKyi.2、WhywasAungSanSuuKyiputintoprison?A．SherefusedtoleaveMyanmar.B．Shedemandedthatthedemocratsbefreed.C．Shevoiceddissatisfactionwiththegovernment.D．Sheblamedthegovernmentforitseconomicpolicy.3、Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedtodescribethewomenmentionedinthetext?A．Braveandinspiring.B．Reliableanddevoted.C．Honestandresponsible.D．Considerateandoptimistic.24．（8分）Ifyoucouldtravelbackintimefivecenturies,you’dencounterafreshlypainted“MonaLisa”inRenaissanceEuropeandcoolertemperaturesacrosstheNorthernHemisphere.ThiswasaworldinthemidstoftheLittleIceAgeandaperiodofvastEuropeanexplorationnowknownastheAgeofDiscovery.Butwhatifwecouldlook500yearsintothefutureandglimpsetheEarthofthe26thcentury?Wouldtheworldseemasdifferenttousasthe21stcenturywouldhaveseemedtoresidentsofthe16century?Forstarters,whatwilltheweatherbelike?Dependingonwhomyouask,the26thcenturywilleitherbealittlechillyorextremelyhot.Somesolaroutputmodelssuggestthatbythe2500s,Earth’sclimatewillhavecooledbackdowntonearLittleIceAgeconditions.Otherstudiespredictthatongoingclimatechangeandfossilfuelusewillleavemuchoftheplanettoohotforhumanlifeby200.SomeexpertsdatethebeginningofhumanclimatechangebacktotheIndustrialRevolutioninthe1800s,otherstoslash-and-burnagriculturalpracticesinprehistorictimes.Eitherway,tool-wieldinghumansaltertheirenvironment—andour26thcenturytoolsmightbequiteimpressiveindeed.TheoreticalphysicistandfuturistMichioKakupredictsthatinamere100years,humanitywillmaketheleapfromatypezerocivilizationtoatypeIcivilizationontheKardashevScale.Inotherwords,we’llbecomeaspeciesthatcanusetheentiresumofaplanet’senergy,masteringcleanenergytechnologiessuchasfusionandsolarpower.Furthermore,they’llbeabletohandleplanetaryenergyinordertocontrolglobalclimate.Technologyhasimprovedsignificantlysincethe1500s,andthispacewilllikelycontinueinthecenturiestocome.PhysicistStephenHawkingproposesthatbytheyear2600,thisgrowthwouldsee10newtheoreticalphysicspaperspublishedevery10seconds.IfMoore’sLawholdstrueandbothcomputerspeedandcomplexitydoubleevery18months,thensomeofthesestudiesmaybetheworkofhighlyintelligentmachines.Whatothertechnologieswillshapetheworldofthe26thcentury?FuturistandauthorAdrianBerrybelievestheaveragehumanlifespanwillreach140yearsandthatthedigitalstorageofhumanpersonalitieswillenableacomputerizedstateoflivingforever.Humanswillfarmtheoceans,travelinstarshipsandresideinbothlunarandMartiancolonieswhilerobotsexploretheoutercosmos.1、WhydoestheauthormentiontheLittleIceAgeinthefirstparagraph?A．Toshowtheseverityofthecurrentglobalwarming.B．Tostressthecloseconnectionwiththecurrentclimate.C．Toprovidecontrasttothepredictionoffutureclimate.D．Toillustratetheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.2、ThepredictionthatEarthwillcooldownisbasedon________.A．changesinsolaractivity B．ongoingclimatechangeC．previousgeneralassumptions D．currentconsumptionoffossilfuel3、Whateffectwillthe26thcenturytechnologieshaveonhumanbeings?A．Humanswillsufferfromsevereglobalwarming.B．Cybertechnologyhelpshumanpersonalitiessurvive.C．Humansneedn’tworkwiththeapplicationofrobots.D．Highlyintelligentmachineswillreplacehumans.25．（10分）Haveyoueverpressedthepedestrianbuttonatacrosswalkandwonderedifitreallyworked?They’recalled“placebo(安慰剂）buttons”一buttonsthatmechanicallysoundandcanbepushed，butprovidenofunctionality.InNewYorkCity,onlyabout100ofthe1,000crosswalkbuttonsactuallyfunction.Crosswalksignalsweregenerallyinstalledbeforetrafficjamhadreachedtoday’slevels.Butwhiletheirfunctionwastakenoverbymoreadvancedsystems—suchasautomatedlightsortrafficsensors—thephysicalbuttonswereoftenkept,ratherthanbeingreplacedatfurtherexpense.Othercities，suchasBoston，DallasandSeattle，havegonethroughasimilarprocess,leavingthemwiththeirownplacebopedestrianbuttons.InLondon,whichhas6,000trafficsignals,pressingthepedestrianbuttonresultsinareliable“Wait”light.Butthatdoesn’tnecessarilymeanthatthe“greenman”—or“pedestrianstage”intrafficsignaldesignprofession—willappearanysooner.“Wedohavesomecrossingswherethegreenlightcomesonautomatically,butwestillaskpeopletopressthebuttonbecausethatenablesaccessiblefeatures,’’saidGlynnBarton,directorofnetworkmanagementatTransportforLondon.Thesefeatures,suchasblindtracksandhearabletrafficsignals,helppeoplewithvisualdisordercrosstheroadandonlyfunctionwhenthebuttonispressed.Asforthelights,agrowingnumberofthemarenowcombinedandbecomeapartofanelectronicsystemthatdetectstrafficandadjuststimefrequencyaccordingly(givingprioritytobusesifthey’rerunninglate,forexample),whichmeansthatpressingthebuttonhasnoeffect.AccordingtoLanger,aHarvardpsychologist,placebobuttonsgiveustheillusion(错觉)ofcontrol—andsomethingtodoinsituationswherethealternativewouldbedoingnothing.Inthecaseofpedestriancrossings,theymayevenmakeussaferbyforcingustopayattentiontooursurroundings.“Theyserveapsychologicalpurposeattheveryleast,”sheadded.1、Whyarethephysicalbuttonsstillkeptinsomecities?A．Becauseitmaycostmoneytoreplacethem.B．Becausetheyremainasmemoriesofacity.C．Becausedohaverealfunctionsintraffic.D．Becausetheycanresultinreliablelights.2、Whichofthefollowingwordcanreplacetheunderlineword“features”inParagraph4?A．Functions. B．Uses.C．Equipment. D．Facilities.3、Ifyoupresseda“placebobutton”inLondon,whatwouldhappen?A．Alltrafficwouldbeaffected. B．Somekindofsoundmightappear.C．Pedestrianscamefirsttocrosstheroad. D．“Greenman”wereboundtoshowupearlier.4、Whatcanweknowabout“placebobuttons”fromLanger’swords?A．Theycanreallycontroltraffic. B．Theyservelittlefunctions.C．Theymayworkmentally. D．Theycanhelptheblind.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）It’satraditionforAnnSuttontoseekhelpforoneortwofamiliesaroundChristmas.TheSuttons’dinnerconversationoftenturnedtolocalfamilies1Thisyear,theyoungestdaughterKatewas2thatSantaClauswouldmakeaspecialvisit3a22-year-oldsinglemothernamedAshley.OneSunday,the4rang.Arepresentativefromalocalorganizationwascallingtosaythe5AnnhadrequestedforAshleyhadfallenthrough.NoSantaClaus,nopresents,nothing.Annsawthecheer6fromherchildren’sfacesatthenews.Withoutaword,Kateranintoherroom.Soon,Katereturnedwithherpiggybank,herfacesetwith7Andnowshe8thecoinsanddollarbillsout,onebyone,ontothekitchentable:$3.30.“Mom,”shetoldAnn,“Iknowit’snotmuch.9maybethiswillbuyapresentforthebaby.”10everyonewasreachingintopocketsandpurses.Soon,themoney11onthekitchentable.Thetotal:$130.Thenextmorning,Anntoldhercoworkersaboutherdaughter’slatestproject.Throughouttheday,morecoworkers12withcontributions.Eachtimealittlemoneycamein,Anncalledhome.Andwitheach13fromhermother,Katewouldscreamintothephoneanddoalittledanceofvictory.WiththestoryofKate’sgift14beyondAnn’soffice,shereceivedmorecontributions.Bytheendoftheday,thetotalwasnow$500—plentyofaChristmasforAshley’sfamily.Thatevening,Katewentwithhermotherto15themoney.Theyboughtplentyofhouseholdnecessities.They16hadenoughtobuyfoodforaChristmasdinner.OnChristmasEve,Ann17throughthepouringraintowherethefamilylived.WhenAshleyopenedthedoor,Annstoodunderherumbrellaandwishedthe18womanaMerryChristmas.ThenAnnbegantounloadthegiftsfromthecar.Withsomanygiftstotakeinside,sheabandonedtheumbrella.Ashley19herintherain.Soonbothwomenwerewetthrough,andthesurprisehadturnedtosomethingdeeper,thekindof20thatbroughtthemclosetotears.1、A．incharge B．inneed C．inreturn D．inturn2、A．excited B．surprised C．ashamed D．disappointed3、A．with B．without C．to D．from4、A．doorbell B．phone C．alarm D．clock5、A．pleasure B．permission C．information D．aid6、A．rise B．show C．take D．disappear7、A．determination B．peace C．surprise D．puzzle8、A．collected B．counted C．chose D．found9、A．Or B．And C．But D．So10、A．Gradually B．Finally C．Immediately D．Constantly11、A．madeup B．pickedup C．tookup D．piledup12、A．putup B．cameout C．setoff D．droppedby13、A．greeting B．report C．letter D．gift14、A．spreading B．sharing C．starting D．inventing15、A．spend B．deliver C．make D．receive16、A．even B．always C．already D．yet17、A．walked B．drove C．ran D．cycled18、A．astonished B．embarrassed C．bored D．frightened19、A．took B．held C．joined D．attended20、A．sympathy B．sadness C．anxiety D．joy第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）ABiteofChina(舌尖上的中国)，amouth-wateringdocumentarytelevisionseries,1．(gain)worldwidepopularitysinceitwasairedonCCTV.ItisnotonlyitsvividpicturesbutalsoitsdeepsignificanceoftraditionalChinesefoodcultures2．makesitarealhit.Thispopularweeklyprogram3．(broadcast)at10:40pmoneachFriday,4．(last)50minutes.Therearemanyreasonsleadingtoitsgreat5．(succeed).6．watchingABiteofChina,notonlycanyouenjoymanydifferenttraditionalChinesedishesofdifferentregionsbutalsoyoucanhaveabetterknowledgeofsplendidChinesecookingskills.What’smore,cultures,customsaswellaslivingstylesofdifferentpartsarealsopresented.However,themostimportantthingIhavegainedisthateachgrainweliveonisfromhardworkandsweat.Thatistosay,nothingcanbe7．(shame)thanwastingfood“Wemadethisdocumentarywithourrespectandloveforfood,”saiddirectorChenXiaoqing.Beingsincereisthemostimportantthingforartistsbecausetheycannotmoveothers8．theythemselvesarefirstmoved.Worksthatfailtoreflectrealitywillnottouchpeople’shearts.Ifyouaretheone9．hasaspecialpreferenceforChinesefoodcultureandtraditionalChineseculturesandcustoms,10．(turn)onyourTVandafascinatingworldwillspreadinfrontofyou.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改l0处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Oneyearago,IhadaspecialEnglishlessonholdattherailwaystation、ItwasquitedifferentfromtheregularEnglishclasseswewerefamiliarto,forwehadnotextbooks,noblackboardandnofixedseats、Gatheredattheentranceofthestation,weweretoldtocollectasmuchEnglishwordsandsentenceaspossiblethere、Curiousandexcited,wewalkedaroundthestationandlookedeverywhere,searchforanyinformationinEnglish、WheneveranEnglishwordcomesintosight,theclasswouldburstintothecheersasifwehaddiscoveredanewworld、Witht