高考英语复习Unit1Alandofdiversity全国公开课一等奖百校联赛示范课赛课特等奖

选修8Unit1Alandofdiversity第1页

重点单词1._______adj.清楚；显著；明确2.______n.伎俩；方法3._______n.大多数；大半→_______n.少数4._______n.（政府）部；（全体）牧师；牧师职责5._______n.苦难；困苦6._____vt.选择；决定做某事；选举→_______n.选择；挑选；选择7._______adj.联邦制；联邦政府8._____n.（人口、贸易）繁荣vi.处于经济快速发展时期9._____adj.人种；种族10.____n.&adj.代理；副职distinctmeansmajorityminorityministryhardshipelectelectionfederalboomracialvice学生用书见P186第2页

重点单词11.________n.侄子；外甥13._____n.牛（总称）14._______vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示→__________n.迹象→_________n.指示器；指示物15._______n.行李16.______vt.&vi.刮；剃17.________adj.显而易见；显然；表面上→__________adv.显然地；显而易见地18.______n.闸；刹车vi.&vt.刹（车）；用制动器减速19.____vi.滑行；滑动；滑跤n.滑动；滑倒20.____vt.&n.租用；雇用nephewcattleindicateindicationindicatorluggageshaveapparentapparentlybrakesliphire第3页

重点单词21.________adv.无处；处处都无22.______n.正义；公平23.______vt.&vi.悼念；悼念24._____adj.公民；国内；民国25.________n.权威；权力（pl.）当局；官方26._______vt.&vi.改革；革新n.改革；改造；改良27._____vt.&n.抓住；抓紧；掌握28._____vt.插入；嵌入nowherejusticemourncivilauthorityreformgraspinsert第4页...........................

重点短语1._______继续存在；继续生存2.____________用……方法；借助……3.__________习惯于新生活方式、工作等；谋生4.________保持；继续5._________申请6.___________背靠背7._____________与……合作或一起工作8._________划线标出……界限9._______包含；吸收10._______________许多；很多11._______申请liveonbymeansof...makealifekeepupapplyforbacktobackteamupwith...markouttakeinagreat/goodmanyapplyfor第5页1.介词in/of后接what引导宾语从句ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.（教材P2）Twocenturieslater,theSpanishhadsettledinmostpartsofSouthAmericaandalongthenorthwestcoastofwhatwenowcalltheUnitedStates.（教材P2）2.itislikelythat...很可能……However，itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.(教材P2)

重点句型第6页3.why引导表语从句（Thisiswhy...）Thisiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.(教材P2)4.It’sbelievedthat...人们认为……Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.(教材P3)

重点句型第7页复习名词性从句用作主语、宾语和表语WhatattractspeopletoCaliforniaisitspleasantclimateandrelaxedlifestyle.(教材P5)Mostapplicantsknowthattheyhaveverylittlechanceofgettingavisa.(教材P5)语法关键点第8页majorityn．大多数；大半OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia，themajoritywerereligiousmen，whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.(教材P2)在首批移居加州西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们职责是向原居住人民传授天主教。1学生用书见P187第9页ina/themajority占大多数haveamajorityoversb.取得多于某人……;战胜某人by/withamajorityof以大多数……(赢得……)minorityn.少数intheminority占少数(3)majorin主修……(1)(2)第10页

Themajorityofdoctorsbelievesmokingisharmfultohealth.大多数医生认为吸烟有害健康。Amongthemembersofthecommitteethosewhoareinfavouroftheplanareinthemajority.委员中赞成这项计划占大多数。第11页温馨提醒:(1)单独用做主语，谓语动词用单数、复数均可。Themajoritywere/wasagainsttheplan.大多数人反对这个计划。(2)单独用做主语，假如后面表语是复数，那么谓语动词也用复数。Themajoritywhoattendedthemeetingyesterdayarestudents.昨天参加会议大多数是学生。复数名词＋复数谓语动词不可数名词＋单数谓语动词Themajorityofthedamageiseasytorepair.这次损失大部分轻易补救。(3)Themajorityof第12页electvt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人BythetimeCaliforniaelectedtobecomethethirtyfirstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850，itwasalreadyamulticulturalsociety.（教材P2）到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国联邦第31个州时候，它已经是一个有着各种文化社会了。2第13页electtodosth.选择/决定做某事electsb.tosth把某人选入……electsb.(tobe)/as(the)+职务（职位、官衔做同位语、补语、表语时前不加冠词）选某人作……（2）electionn.选举(1)第14页First-yearstudentsmayelectFrench,Spanish,orGerman.一年级学生可选修法语、西班牙语或德语。ShewaselectedtoParliamentin1978.她于1978年入选议会。RonaldReaganwasfirstelectedPresidentin1980.罗纳德·里根于1980年首次当选总统。Purchaserscanelecttopayinmonthlyinstallments.购置者可选择逐月分期付款。第15页occurvi.发生；出现Itdidn’toccurtomethatthere’dbeabigfestivalonatthesametimeasmyholiday.（教材P5）我没想到我度假同时那里刚好要庆贺一个盛大节日。3sth.occurstosb.sth.strikessb.sth.comesone’smind.that-clausetodosth.Itstrikessb.that-clause某人突然想起……Itoccurstosb.第16页Thepossibilitythatshemightbewrongneveroccurredtoher.她压根没想过自己可能会错。Iwasgoingalongthestreetlookingforaplacetoparkwhentheaccidentoccurred.我正沿街寻找停车点时，突然发生了事故。WhenBabbagewasworkingatCambridge，anewideaoccurredtohim.在剑桥工作时，巴比奇想到了一个新主意。

Itoccurredtoherthatsheshouldadoptthehomelesschild.她突然以为她应该收养这个无家可归孩子。第17页indicatevt.指出；标示；表明；暗示Trytousetheexpressionsabovetoindicatethatyouarelisteningcarefullytoyourpartner.（教材P7）试着用上面表示表明你在认真听同伴讲述。4(1)作“指出；指示”讲时，后面经常接名词。(2)作“表明；象征”讲时，后面能够接名词或宾语从句，即“indicate+n./(that)...”。(3)indicationn.暗示；表示；预兆第18页Iaskedhimwherethenewschoolwasandheindicatedtheroadahead.我问他新校在哪里，他指给我前面那条路。Hisattitudeindicatesthatheisnotveryhappywithwhatyouaredoing.他态度暗示他对你所作所为很不高兴。Heindicatedhiswillingnesswithanodofhishead.他点头表示愿意。Thereiseveryindicationofachangeintheweather.各种迹象表明天气很可能发生改变。第19页bymeansof...用……方法；借助……ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.（教材P2）科学家们认为，这些定居者是经过史前时期曾经存在过大陆桥，跨过北极白令海峡来到美国。1学生用书见P188第20页bythismeans用这种方法bymeansof经过，用，借助于byanymeans不论怎样byonmeans决不，一点也不(放在句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)byallmeans务必，不惜一切地；(用于交际英语表示同意)当然能够，没问题第21页Asisknowntous,QQisausefulmeansofcommunication.众所周知，QQ是一个有用通讯工具。Everypossiblemeanshasbeentried,butnoneworked.＝Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried,butnoneworked.各种可能方法都尝试了，但没有一个奏效。Shecouldnotspeak,butmadeherwishesknownbymeansofsigns.她不会说话，但她用手势表示了她愿望。

BynomeansamIsatisfiedwithmypresentjob.我对当前工作一点也不满意。—CanIuseyourcar？—我能用你汽车吗？—Byallmeans.—当然能够。第22页takein包含；吸收；了解；坑骗It’sa79kmround-tripthattakesinallthefamoustouristspots.（教材P8）这是一次往返79公里旅行，它涵盖了全部著名旅游景点。2第23页takeaway拿走，使离开；消除(病痛等)takedown记下来；拆掉takefor(错)当做；(误)认为takeoff起飞；急忙离去；脱下；大获成功takeon展现；雇用takeover接收；接管；取代takeup占去，占据；开始；从事第24页Thisisthetotalcostoftheholiday，takingeverythingin.这是假期全部费用，一切都包含在内。Hewashomeless，sowetookhimin.他无家可归，我们便收留了他。Thestudentsfinditeasytotakeinwhatyouteach.学生们以为你教课轻易领会。MywritingcareertookoffwhenIdiscoveredmyownstyle.找到自己写作格调后，我写作事业开始有起色了。Meetingsandphonecallstakeupalargepartoftheday.开会和接电话占用了一天中大多数时间。Inthepastfewyears，thevillagehastakenonanewlook.在过去几年，这个村庄展现出了新面貌。第25页介词in/of后接what引导宾语从句ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.（教材P2）最早一批人详细是在什么时候来到我们现在所知道加利福尼亚地域，谁也说不清楚。Twocenturieslater,theSpanishhadsettledinmostpartsofSouthAmericaandalongthenorthwestcoastofwhatwenowcalltheUnitedStates.（教材P2）两个世纪以后，西班牙人在南美洲大部分地域定居下来，而且还在我们现在称之为美国西北沿海地域住下来。1学生用书见P188第26页what在句中引导宾语从句，表示所指事（某物），意思相当于thething(s)that/which。what可用来引发主语从句；表语从句；或动词/介词后宾语从句。第27页Whathesaysisveryreasonable.他说话很合理。That’swhatIhope.这是我所希望。Asafriendofyours,IwanttotellyouwhatIhear.作为朋友，我想告诉你我所听到事情。Idon’tcareaboutmoneyoraboutwhatpeoplecallposition/whatiscalledposition.我不关心钱，也不关心人们所谓地位。Theypaidfiftypercentofwhatwereabletoearntothestate.他们把他们所能挣百分之五十付给了国家。第28页itislikelythat...很可能……However，itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.(教材P2)然而，土著美国人有可能在最少一万五千年前就在加利福尼亚生活着。2第29页...........................Itislikelythat...意为“……是可能”，本句式中it为形式主语，真正主语为that从句。likely能够用possible，probable来替换，只是probable可能性大些。此句型可转化为：sb./sth.belikelytodosth.某人/物可能干某事，但在这一句型中不能用possible或probable替换likely。第30页

Itisverylikelythat，inmanyschools，thestudentsaregoingtospendlesstimeindoinghomeworkthantheyusedto.在很多学校学生做作业时间很可能比从前少。

Itislikelythattheweatherwillbefine.＝Theweatherislikelytobefine.天气可能会很晴朗。第31页why引导表语从句（Thisiswhy...）Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.(教材P2)这就是为何今天有超出40%加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言原因。3第32页(1)This/Thatiswhy...为表语从句惯用句型结构，意为“这/那就是为何……”，用来表示原因。(2)That’sbecause...意为“这是因为……”，because从句表示原因。(3)Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...意为“……原因是……”，表语从句惯用that引导，而不用because。即：当主句中有reason或why时只可用that…。第33页

Thisiswhyitispossibletoproducemorefoodonthesameamountofland.这就是为何能够在一样多土地上生产出更多食物缘故。Tomcamelateforthemeeting.Thatwasbecausehewasill.汤姆开会迟到了，那是因为他病了。Tomwasill.Thatwaswhyhecamelateforthemeeting.汤姆病了，那就是他开会迟到原因。

ThereasonwhyTomcamelateforthemeetingwasthathewasill.汤姆开会迟到原因是他病了。第34页Ⅰ.品句填词（用所给词恰当形式或依据语境写一个适当词）1.Despitemyfriend’swarningagainst

(take)in,despiteeverythingI’velearned,IfindthatI’mnotonlywilling,butpositivelyeagertobuythatbridgeshementioned.【答案】1.beingtaken2.Hewasatall,thinmanwholivedaloneand

(apparent)hadnofamilyandnovisitors,exceptfortheMeals-on-Wheelsguytwiceaweek.【答案】2.apparently3.The64-year-oldunpopularleaderhassaidhewillhandoverpowertoayoungergeneration,butherepeatedlyresisted_________(indicate)whenthatwilloccur.【答案】3.indicating学生用书见P189第35页4.Inthishumanworld,thingsallgobycertainrules.Onlyby

(grasp)theserulescanwemakereformsandcreatesomethingnew.【答案】4.grasping5.OnDecember16thTurkishaircraftbombed

theysaidwereKurdishrebelpositionsdeepnorthernIraq.【答案】5.what6.Sometimescompanieswillaskyouforatelephoneinterviewbeforeaface-to-faceone.Thisisusedtonarrowdownthenumberof

(apply).【答案】6.applicants7.Thestudyalsoreveals

,despitethefactthatmoreandmoremodernmothersgoouttowork,theburdenofchildcarestillfallsonthem—eveniftheirhusbandisnotinwork.【答案】7.that第36页8.Itisdangeroustodrivewiththiscondition,eventhoughbrakingcanbeachieved,becauseonlyhalfthewheels_________(brake).【答案】8.arebeingbraked9.Ifyouwanttokeepofftheweightyoulost,youmustkeep____thenewhealthiereatingandexercisehabits.【答案】9.up10.Johnandhiswifeclashedonthequestionof______theyshouldhaveanotherchild.【答案】10.whether第37页Ⅱ.单句改错1.Onedayitoccurredtoherthatshecouldntavoidtheproblem,shemightjustaswelltrylookingatitfromadifferentangle.【答案】that后加if2.Youshouldapplytothejobimmediately,inpersonorbyletter.【答案】to→for3.Whenhewasataloss,hewasluckytohearanicevoicefromaloudspeakerannouncingthathislostluggagewerefound.【答案】were→was第38页4.Ihavebeenoutoftouchwiththeoldplaceforagreatmanyyear.【答案】year→years5.Meanwhile,onlyabout9percentageofallstudentsfeeloptimisticabouttheirjobsorcareerprospects.【答案】percentage→percent6.IrealizedIhadtobeteamupwithpeoplewhosharedmygoalsandwerewillingtomakethemareality.【答案】去掉be7.I’dliketoworkwithwhomeverishonestandeasytogetonwith.【答案】whomever→whoever第39页8.Beautytoher,astoallwhohavefelt,laynotinthething,butinwhichthethingssymbolized.【答案】w