高二新人教版英语选修8-Unit-1-A-land-of-diversity-第4课时-Using-

1/612/61Ⅰ.词汇依据提醒写出对应单词1．________(vt.)指出；表明；暗示→________(n.)指示，标志→________(n.)指示物(器)；指示者2．________(n.)行李→(同义词)________<美>行李3．________(adj.)显而易见；显然；表面上→________(adv.)4．________(v.)申请；使用→________(n.)申请人5．________(n.)处罚，处罚→________(vt.)处罚6．________(n.)正义；公平→________(adj.)正义；公正；合理3/617．________(v.)改革；革新→________(n.)改革家8．________(n.)(公车)售票员；列车员；(车队)指挥→________(v.)指导，指挥；管理9．occur(vi.)发生；出现→________(同义短语)10．slip(vi.)滑动，滑行→________/________(过去式，过去分词)(n.)滑动，滑倒4/61答案：1.indicate;indication;indicator2.luggage;baggage3．apparent;apparently4.apply;applicant5.punishment;punish6.justice;just7.reform;reformist8.conductor;conduct9.takeplace/happen/comeabout10.slipped;slipped5/61Ⅱ.短语1．back________back背靠背2．________topofthehill从山顶上3．slip________滑下去4．teamup________与……合作或一起工作5．________acar雇一辆小汽车6．mark________划线；划出……界限7．take________包含；吸收8．a________many许多；很多9．apply________申请；请示得到10．________thesystem改革体制6/61答案：1.to2.from3.down4.with5.hire6.out7.in8.good/great9.for10.reform7/618/611．indicate(v.)1)表明；显示Researchindicatesthateatinghabitsarechangingfast.研究显示，饮食习惯正快速改变。2)象征；暗示Snowindicatesthecomingofwinter.雪象征着冬天到来。3)～sth(tosb)暗示；间接提及；示意Duringourmeeting,heindicatedhiswillingnesstocooperate.在我们会晤期间，他提及了合作意愿。9/614)～sb/sth(tosb)指示；指出Asignpostindicatestherightroadforustofollow.路标指给我们应走路。10/61【词语辨析】indicate,mean,imply,represent,suggest这些动词均含有“表示……意思”之意。1)indicate指显著表示。Thearrowonthemapindicateswheretheaccidenthappened.图上箭头指示事故发生地点。2)mean最普通用词。指文字或符号等所表示各种明确或含蓄意义。Thesesymbolsmeannothingtome.这些符号我完全不明白是什么意思。11/613)imply侧重用文字或符号表示联想，暗示。Hissilenceimpliedagreement.他缄默不语意味着同意了。4)represent指表示或代表。Thedoverepresentspeace.鸽子象征和平。5)suggest通常指暗含地、隐晦地表示意思。Hiscoolresponsesuggestedthathedidn'tliketheidea.他反应冷淡表明他并不喜欢这个主意。12/61【知识利用】(1)(浙江­7)Thereisagreatdealofevidence________thatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain.A．indicate B．indicatingC．toindicate D．tobeindicating答案：B本题题意：有大量证据表明音乐活动与大脑不一样部位关系亲密。本题考查现在分词短语担任后置定语，相当于定语从句whichindicatethatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain.13/61(2)Thelightabovetheelevator________thattheelevatorwasthenatthefifteenthfloor.A．suggested B．representedC．implied D．indicated答案：D本题题意：电梯上方灯指示那时电梯在十五楼。indicate表示“指示；指出”，指显著表示。14/612．slip(v.)1)～(over)滑倒；滑跤；失脚Sheslipped(over)(ontheice)andbrokeherleg.她(在冰上)滑了一跤把腿摔断了。2)滑落；滑离；脱落Thefishslippedoutofmyhand.那条鱼从我手中滑掉了。3)悄悄疾行；溜Thestudentslippedoutoftheclassroom.那学生溜出了教室。15/61【知识拓展】1)letsthslip(throughyourfingers)错过(机会)；失去(机会)Don'tletthechancetoworkabroadslipthroughyourfingers.这个出国工作机会你可不要错过。2)slipsb'smemory/mind忘记；不记得Iwassupposedtogotothedentisttoday,butitcompletelyslippedmymind.我原来打算今天去看牙医，可是却忘记得干洁净净。16/61【词语辨析】slip,slide这两个动词均可表示“滑动”之意。1)slip指“人”不自主地滑倒或“物”偶然滑动。Hecaughttheball,thenitslippedthroughhisfingers.那球他已接住却又从手中滑脱了。2)slide通常多指与光滑表面保持接触而且快速地连续滑动，强调有意识地滑行。Theboysamusedthemselvesbyslidingdownthebanister.男孩们从楼梯扶手滑下以取乐。17/61【知识利用】(1)Themoviestar________intotownbeforethecrowdsreachedtheairport.A．slipped B．movedC．entered D．removed答案：A本题题意：人群抵达机场时，那个电影明星已经悄悄地进了城。slip表示“悄悄疾行；溜”。18/61(2)Hewoketofindthathisquilthad____offthebed.A．dropped B．slippedC．thrown D．lowered答案：B本题题意：他醒来发觉被子从床上滑下来了。slip表示“滑落；滑离；脱落”。19/613．apply(v.)1)～(tosb/sth)(forsth)(通常以书面形式)申请；请求IappliedtotheConsulforavisa.我向领事申请了签证。2)～sth(tosth)使用；应用Inthiswaytheycanbetterapplytheorytopractice.这么他们就能更加好地把理论利用到实践中去。3)～sth(tosth)涂；敷；施Anurseisapplyingsomemedicinetohiswound.有个护士正在给他伤口敷药。20/614)～(tosb/sth)相关；包括Thisruleappliesverywelltothiscase.这个规则非常适合用于这种情况。5)～oneself(tosth/doingsth)勤奋工作；努力学习Studentsshouldapplythemselvestotheirstudy.学生们应该专心致志地学习。21/61【知识拓展】1)applied(adj.)应用；实用Hedevotedhislifetoappliedscience.他献身于应用科学。2)application(1)[C&U]～(tosb)(forsth/todosth)申请；请求；申请书；申请表Themanagerreceivedtenapplicationsfortheposition.经理收到十位求职者申请书。22/61(2)[U&C]～(ofsth)(tosth)(尤指理论、发觉等)应用，利用Biologyhaspracticalapplications.生物学有实用性。23/61【知识利用】(1)Wemust________ourenergiestofindingasolution.A．spend B．buryC．apply D．supply答案：C本题题意：我们必须全力想出一个处理方法。applyoneself/one'smind(etc.)tosth/todoingsth表示“致力于，集中精力做某事；勤奋工作，努力学习等”。24/61(2)(山东­34)Inthisseasideresort,youcan________allthecomfortandconvenienceofmoderntourism.A．enjoy B．applyC．receive D．achieve答案：A本题题意：在这个海滨胜地，你能够享受到当代旅游所带来舒适和便利。enjoy表示“享受……乐趣；观赏，喜爱”。25/61(3)(湖北­29)Surelyitdoesn'tmatterwherethestudentassociationsgettheirmoneyfrom;what________iswhattheydowithit.A．counts B．appliesC．stresses D．functions答案：A本题题意：学生会资金起源其实并不主要，主要是他们怎样使用这笔资金。count表示“主要”。26/61(4)Iadvisethatthey________thecouncilforahomeimprovementgrant.A．adoptto B．applytoC．adaptto D．appealto答案：B本题题意：我提议他们向市政会申请改进住房贷款。apply(tosb/sth)(forsth)表示“(通常以书面形式)(向…)申请，请求…”。27/614．grasp1)v.(1)握紧；抓牢GraspmyhandandIwillpullyouoverthewall.抓住我手，我就把你拉过墙来。(2)了解；领会；领悟；明白Igraspedthemainpointofthespeech.我领会了这篇演讲关键点。28/612)n.(1)[usuallysing.]紧抓；紧握；控制Don'tletthesituationescapefromyourgrasp.别让局面失去控制。(2)了解(力)；领会ShehasagoodgraspoftheEnglishlanguage.她精通英语。29/61【知识拓展】1)graspachance/anopportunity急忙抓住机会；毫不犹豫地抓住机会Youmustgraspthisopportunity.你必须抓住机会。2)beyondone'sgrasp力量达不到Hisideasarebeyondmygrasp.他想法我不能了解。3)withinone'sgrasp力量达得到Victoryseemedwithintheteam'sgrasp.看来这个队胜利唾手可得。30/614)haveagoodcommand/grasp/masterof精通；能自由应用Applicantswillbeexpectedtohaveagoodcommand/grasp/masterofEnglish.申请人必须精通英语。5)inthegraspof在……掌握之中Sheisinthegraspofawickedman.她受到一个恶人控制。31/616)seizeachance/anopportunity抓住，把握机会(或时机)WhileinCanada,heseizedthechancetomakesomemoney.在加拿大期间，他抓住时机赚了一些钱。32/61【词语辨析】grasp,grab,snatch,seize这些动词都有“抓住，握紧”之意。1)grasp指紧紧抓住、抓牢。Thelittlegirlgraspedhermother'sarm.小女孩抓住了她母亲手臂。2)grab指粗暴而紧迫抓住。Hegrabbedmycollarandpulledmetowardshim.他抓住我领子把我拉到他面前。33/613)snatch指突然抢走，侧重动作更加快或更具暴力性质。Shesnatchedtheletterfromme/outofmyhand.她从我这里/从我手中把信抢走了。4)seize侧重指以突然、有力地动作快速抓住或捉住。Gillseizedmyhandandshookitheartily.吉尔突然抓住我手，热情地和我握手。34/61【知识利用】(1)Drawalinedownthecenterofanewspapercolumn.Centeryourvisiononthelineandtryto________themeaningofthewordsoneachsideasyoumovedownthepage.A．snatchB．takeC．graspD．grab答案：C本题题意：在报刊一个栏目中间划一道线，把你视线集中在这条线上，当视线向下移动时，尽可能抓住线两边文字意思。grasp/seize/catch/takeinthemeaning表示“领会或听懂含义”。35/61(2)采取grasp,grab,snatch或seize适当形式填空：①Thethief________thepurseandranawaywithit.②Theimportantthingistotryto________whatthewriterisgoingtotellyouinthebooksasawhole.③She________onmysuggestionandbeganworkimmediately.④Theteam________adramaticvictoryinthelastminuteofthegame.36/61答案：①grabbed/snatched/seized这贼猛地一把抓住钱包逃跑了。②grasp主要是要设法领会作者在整本书里所要告诉你东西。③seized她采纳了我提议，马上干了起来。seizeon/uponsth表示“突然大为关注，抓住(可利用事物)”④snatched该队在比赛最终一分钟戏剧性地获胜。snatch表示“抓紧时间做；乘机取得”。37/6138/611．teamup(withsb)合作；(与某人)结成一队①Thetwocompanieshaveteameduptoproducenewsoftware.两家企业联手生产新软件。②Heteamedupwithafriendandsetupatradebusiness.他与一个朋友联合，做起了买卖。39/61【知识利用】(1)(原创)Hepreferredtogointobusinessaloneratherthanto________anyoneelse.A．teamupwith B．catchupwith C．fitinwith D．putupwith答案：A本题题意：他情愿独自经商，而不愿与人合作。teamup(withsb)表示“合作；(与某人)结成一队”。

40/61(2)Thetwocompanieshave________todevelopanewracingcar.A．pickedup B．takenupC．teamedup C．madeup答案：C本题题意：那两家企业已合作研制新型赛车。teamup(withsb)表示“合作；(与某人)结成一队”。

41/612．marksthout画出界限；画出边界；用线画出范围①Theymarkedoutthetenniscourtwithwhitepoint.他们用白线画出了网球场地。②Isthegroundmarkedoutforourgame?这个场地是为我们比赛画得吗？42/61【知识拓展】marksbout(as/forsth)选定；挑选①Someofthebestpupilshavebeenmarkedoutforspecialtraining.已经选出几名出众学生加以专门训练。②Hewasmarkedoutasthemostpromisingyoungsoldierinthewholearmy.他被认为是全军最有前途青年军人。43/61【知识利用】(1)Police________acar­parkbeforethesupermarket.A．madeout B．pickedoutC．markedout D．turnedout答案：C本题题意：警方在超市前标出了一停车场界限。marksthout表示“画出界限；画出边界；用线画出范围”。44/61(2)Threeofhispaintingshavebeen________forexhibition.A．madeout B．stoodoutC．workedout D．markedout答案：D本题题意：他三幅画已被选定供展览。marksbout(as/forsth)表示“选定；挑选”。45/613．takein1)包含；囊括；包含Youcanalsotakeinsomeofthenotablearchitecturalmonuments.你也能够将一些著名纪念性建筑包含在参观项目中。2)坑骗；蒙骗Don'tbetakeninbyhischarm—he'sruthless.不要被他那迷人风度所蒙蔽，其实他冷酷无情。46/613)了解；领会；记住Icouldn'ttakeinthemeaningoftheword.我不能够了解这个词含义。4)吸入，吞入(体内)Fishtakeinoxygenthroughtheirgills.鱼用鳃吸收氧气。47/61【知识利用】(1)(辽宁­31)Don'tbe________byproductspromisingtomakeyouloseweightquickly.A．takenoff B．takenoutC．takenaway D．takenin答案：D本题题意：不要被那些快速减肥产品承诺所蒙蔽。takein表示“坑骗；蒙骗”。48/61(2)Thestudentsfounditeasyto________whattheirteacherhadtaught.A．takein B．takeawayC．takeup D．takedown答案：A本题题意：学生们发觉老师所教东西很轻易领会。takein表示“了解；领会；记住”。49/61(3)(原创)Oncetheyareoutonthestreet,thecarswill________airandreplaceitwithpoisongases.A．bringin B．takein C．getin D．turnin答案：B本题题意：汽车一旦出厂开到大街上，就会吸进空气，排出有毒气体。takein表示“吸入，吞入(体内)”。50/6151/61Theirmiserablestayseemedtobepunishmentratherthanjusticeandfreedomtothem.悲惨境遇对他们来说似乎是一个处罚而谈不上公正和自由。52/61【知识剖析】ratherthan表示“而不是”，是一个并列连词，惯用于“平行结构”中，它连接并列成份能够是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。1)连接两个名词或代词Heisanexplorerratherthanasailor.与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。2)连接两个形容词Thesweatersheboughtwasbeautifulratherthancheap.与其说她买这件羊毛衫廉价不如说它漂亮。

53/613)连接两个介词短语Wewillhavethemeetingintheclassroomratherthaninthegreathall.我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。4)连接两个动名词Sheenjoyssingingratherthandancing.她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。

54/615)连接两个不定式①Idecidedtowriteratherthan(to)telephone.我决定写信而不打电话。②Ratherthanallowthevegetablestogobad,hesoldthemathalfprice.他唯恐蔬菜烂掉，把它们以半价卖掉了。(注：ratherthan后接不定式时，不定式能够带to，也能够不带to。但ratherthan