2022-2023学年河北省唐山市高三（上）期中英语试卷

2022-2023学年河北省唐山市高三（上）期中英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分7.5分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．（1.5分）Whatwillthewomandotomorrow？A.Organizeameeting.B.Makeaspeech.C.Takeaplane.2．（1.5分）Whatdoesthemanwanttodo？A.Borrowmoneyfromthebank.B.Meetthebankmanager.C.Openabankaccount.3．（1.5分）Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace？A.Inasupermarket.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inacakeshop.4．（1.5分）Whatdoesthewomanthinkofdrawing？A.Easy.B.Demanding.C.Enjoyable.5．（1.5分）Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout？A.Whentheconferenceisheld.B.Howmanybrochuresareneeded.C.Whattheyshoulddowiththemistake.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。6．（3分）（1）Whowillleavethecompany？A.Sally.B.Susie.C.Theman.（2）Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando？A.Visitarestaurant.B.Attendaparty.C.Seeafilm.7．（3分）（1）Whatdoesthewomandislikeabouttherunningshoes？A.Themodel.B.Thecolor.C.Thesize.（2）Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext？A.Placeanorder.B.Tryonshoes.C.Checkalist.8．（4.5分）（1）WhatistheminimumentrancerequirementforCambridgeUniversity？A.GettingthreeAsandaB.B.GettingtwoAsandtwoBs.C.GettinganAandthreeBs.（2）Whichsubjectmakesthewomananxious？A.Biology.B.Physics.C.Math.（3）Whatwillthewomandoifshefailstheexams？A.Starttowork.B.Chooseanotheruniversity.C.Retakethemafteranotheryearofstudy.9．（6分）（1）Whatisthewomandoing？A.Runningbackgroundchecks.B.Offeringaposition.C.Havinganinterview.（2）WhatdoesthewomansayaboutMr.Chan？A.Hewasimpressedbytheman'sskills.B.HeistheDirectorofOperations.C.Heneedsbettercandidates.（3）Howsoonwillthemanbereadyforthejob？A.Inoneweek.B.Intwoweeks.C.Inthreeweeks.（4）Whatwillthewomando？A.ContactWatchdogSecurity.B.Sendajobofferletter.C.Waitforfurthernotice.10．（6分）（1）Whatcouldthespeakerprobablybe？A.Adriver.B.Atourguide.C.Ahotelclerk.（2）Whatwillthelistenersbookbythemselves？A.Breakfast.B.Lunch.C.Dinner.（3）Whatwillthelistenersfailtodo？A.Visitacastle.B.Touraroundthegardens.C.Listentoalecture.（4）Whenwillthelistenersgototheartgallery？A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。11．（7.5分）EveryNovember，Timemagazinepicksoutwhatitcalls"The25BestInventions"oftheyear．Here，Teenshaschosensomeofthemostinterestingones．EmberMugIt'shardtoalwayskeepcoffeeattherighttemperature，especiallyinwinter．It'stoohottodrinkatfirst，butbeforeweknowit，itgetstoocoldandlosesallitstaste．Theperfectlevelofwarmthforacupofcoffeeonlylastsfor37seconds，whichmakestheEmberMugagreatinvention．Itkeepsyourcoffeeorteaatacertaintemperature，anywherebetween45℃and62℃，onceyousetitthroughasmartphoneapp．TastyOneTopTVcookingshowsmakecookinglooksoeasy，butit'salmostimpossibletogettherecipestocookthesameashowtheprofessionalscook．However，theTastyOneTopDIYcookingcompanionisheretohelp．DevelopedbyBuzzfeed，thecookercanbeconnectedtoasmartphoneapp，whichhasmorethan1，700recipesandvideos．Youchoosearecipeandtheappwillletthecookerknowwhattodo．Forexample，it'lltellyouwhentoturnyoursteakorwhentoaddcertainingredients．JiboSmartspeakersfromcompanieslikeAmazonandXiaomihaveaddedalotoffuntoourlives，butthey'restilljustfacelessspeakers．However，Jibo，developedbyMITprofessorCynthiaBreazeal，hasbroughtsmarttechnologytolife．Saidtobe"theworld'sfirstsocialrobotforthehome"，Jibolookslikeacartooncharacter．Insideits"head"，therearevarioussensorsandcameras，whichallowittorecognizefacesandspeech．Itcanalsosetalarms，remindyouofimportantthings，tellyoutheweatherandreadnewsormessagesfromyourfriendsandfamily．（1）HowcanTastyOneTophelppeople？A．Byteachingpeoplehowtocook．B．Byofferingpeopledifferentrecipes．C．Bysavingenergywhilecooking．D．Byofferingdifferentkindsofcookingapps．（2）WhatcanJiboprobablybe？A．Acartooncharacter．B．Afacelessrobot．C．Afamilyassistant．D．Asmartalarm．（3）Whatisthepurposeofthepassage？A．Toadvertisehigh﹣techproducts．B．Tointroducesomenewinventions．C．ToencouragesubscriptiontoTime．D．Totellaboutsome"tasty"products．12．（10分）Kitesurfingisasportthattakesplaceonthesurfaceofthewater，ontopofboardsthataresimilarindesigntowakeboards（尾波滑水板），withthesurferpulledbyakite.Thepopularityofkitesurfinghasgrown，althoughitisratherdifficulttomaster.Kitesurfingusesthesameequipmentaskiteboarding，butisgenerallygivenmoretoridingontopofwaves，ratherthanonsmallerlakesorothercalmbodiesofwater.Earlyexperimentsinkitetransportationtookplacethroughthe19thcentury，andatthedawnofthe20thcenturySamuelCodycrossedtheEnglishChannelusingkitesandasmallboat.Kitesurfingitself，however，wasn'treallybornuntilthelate1970s.Beginninginthatdecade，morepeoplebecameinvolvedinusingkitesforpersonaltransportandsport.Kitetechnologyitselfadvancedenormouslyduringthe1970s，withkitesbecomingmuchmorecontrollable.Theearlykitesurfingwasratheraccidental，butinnovatorscontinuedtodevelopthetechnologytomakeiteasiertocontrolandsafer.Bythelate1990s，kitesurfingwasbecomingpopularoffthecoastofMaui，Franceandthroughouttheworld.In1997，aspecialkitesystemwasbuiltspecificallyforkitesurfing，whichhelpedkitesurfingintothemainstream.Becauseofthehighspeedsandthedangers，itisgenerallyrecommendedthatwould﹣bekitesurferstakeatleastafewbasicclassestolearnthefundamentals.Themainattractionofkitesurfingisthepotentialforamazingtricks.Thekiteallowsthesurfertoexperienceenormousjumps，flyingthroughtheairforlargedistancesbeforehittingthewaterinacontrolledfashion.Likeskateboarding，kitesurfingmakesuseofanumberofboardgrabs，withcomplextrickspossibleduetothelongperiodoftimethesurfercanremainintheair.（1）WhatdoestheauthormainlyintendtotellusinParagraph1？A.Whatiskitesurfing.B.Wheretogokitesurfing.C.Howtoenjoykitesurfing.D.Whypeoplelikekitesurfing.（2）Inthe19thcentury，peopleintendedtousekitefor.A.sportB.experimentC.entertainmentD.transportation（3）Whatcanweknowfromthethirdparagraph？A.Kitesurfingoftenleadstoaccidents.B.Mauiishometokitesurfing.C.Kitecontrolisthekeytokitesurfing.D.Kitesurfingcameintobeinginthe1990s.（4）Whatismostcharmingforpeoplesurfing？A.Itspotentialfortricks.B.Itslongtimeintheair.C.Itsspeedacrossthewater.D.Itsbigdistanceoverthewater.13．（10分）Thesafeguardingofintangibleculturalheritageisconsideredanimportantpartofsustainabledevelopment.Amongthe629UNESCO﹣listedtraditionsarefiveentriesinEstonia，themostrecentofwhichisthebuildinganduseofdugoutcanoesintheSoomaaregion.Everyyear，beforespring，SoomaaNationalParktransformsintoanalmostdrownedworld，whenwaterfrommeltingsnowintheeasternuplandsfloodsthelow﹣lyingforests，wetlands，roadsandyardsoftheresidentswhostilllivehere.Thewaterlevelrosesohighthatvillagerscouldrolladugoutcanoerightthroughtheirwindowsandintotheirlivingrooms.Everyonehashadtolearntoadapttothenaturalannualphenomenon.Buildingadugoutcanoerequiresagoodtrunkofanaspen，whichgrowsthroughouttheforestsofEstonia.Oncecutdown，thetreesarepeeledandshapedlikeacigarusinganaxe.Fromhere，theinsideoftheboatiscarvedouttogiveitshape.Builderscuttheframedowntoafewcentimetresinthickness.Alonglogfireisthenbuiltalongsidethecanoe，whichisfilledwithseveralbucketfulsofwaterandlefttowarmup.Oncethewaterhasevaporated，sticksaresqueezedintotheframelengthwaystoopenitup.Aspenisasoftwoodandatrunkhalfametreacrosscanbeexpandedintoametre﹣wideboat.Theboatisthenlefttocoolintheshadeandistraditionallyfinishedthefollowingspring，oncethewoodhasfullydried，whenit'sgivenitsfinaldesignandcoveredwithtar.AivarRuukel，oneofonlyfiveEstonianswhostillpreservetheskill，choosestobuildthemasawaytoconnectwiththehistory，Asayoungman，Ruukelattendedworkshopsledbytwomasterboatbuilders，bothintheir70satthetime.Hehopesthatbythetimehe's70therewillbemoreyoungpeopledoingthesame.Enthusiastshopethatitsjoiningtheheritagelistwillsafeguardtheancientpracticeandattractthenextgenerationofboatmasterstokeepthetraditionalive.（1）Whydovillagershavetopreservedugoutcanoes？A．Tosurvivefloods.B．Togocanoeinginthepark.C．Tolearnaboutanaturalphenomenon.D．Toapplyforintangibleculturalheritage.（2）What'stherightorderofbuildingadugoutcanoe？①Theboatisleftintheshadetodry.②Theinsideoftheboatiscarvedouttogiveitshape.③Builderswarmupthecanoeandopentheframeup.④Theboatisgiventhedesignandcoveredwiththetar.⑤Buildersremovethebarksandmakethetreesintocigarshapes.A．⑤③②④①B．②⑤④①③C．⑤②③①④D．②③⑤④①（3）WhichstatementwillRuukelprobablyagreewith？A．Youngpeopleshallbecomeboatmasters.B．Thepracticewilldieoutinthenextgeneration.C．Morepeopleareneededtopassonthetradition.D．Onecannotmastertheskillwithoutlearninghistory.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？A．DugoutcanoescometolifeB．BoatbuildingindustryinEstoniaC．CulturalheritageprotectioninEstoniaD．DugoutcanoesinEstoniaboattofuture14．（10分）Theworldisonafasttracktowardanautonomousfuture.Fromoff﹣roadtractorsandruraltransitsystemstoairvehiclesandspaceexploration，automationwillenhancesafety，increaseefficiencyandimprovepeople'slives.Themorewecanautomate，themorewecanprotectpeople'slifeandhappiness.Tomaketheautonomousfuturesafeandsecure，manufacturersandoperatorswillneedreliable，assuredpositioning，saidMichaelRitter，presidentofHexagon'sAutonomy&Positioningdivision.AttheHxGNLIVEGlobal2022event，hegaveanoverviewofassuredpositioninganddemonstratedhowitprovidesthefoundationforsafeautonomy.Ritterexplainedhowpositioningtechnologiescanenablethefutureofautonomyforgoodpublicityacrossindustriesincludingagriculture，miningandautomotive."We'veallheardaboutautonomy，"hesaid."What'soneofthebigproblemsthere？Itdoesn'talwaysworkasadvertised."HementionedTesla'sAutoPilotasanexample."Inourindustry，weneedtohaveautonomysolutionsthatwecantrust.""Ifthatisnotahundredpercentwaterproof，crystalclear，andprotectedfromoutsideinterference（干扰）andcybersecuritythreats，youcan'ttrustthatpositioning，"hesaid."Wehavetoknowwhereweareatalltimes，andwecannothavethatsignalfalsified（歪曲）."WhileRitterdoesn'tthinkhe'llseetheuniversaluseofautonomousvehiclesinpassengertrafficduringhislifetime"becauselawswillbeintheway."hesaid."Applicationsinoff﹣roadautonomy—construction，miningandagriculture—areheretoday，whichalltakeplaceincontrollablespaces；lawsarenotsuchabigproblem."hesaid."Thisishappeningrightnow.Wedon'thavetowait10to20yearsforthat."However，abigsafetychallengeinexpandingautonomyisanticipating"allthestuffthatcouldhappenonceinalifetime，"Rittersaid.Thosecanbeovercomebyreal﹣lifetesting，multiplyingthatwithsimulation（模拟）"ahundredmilliontimesover，"andthengoing"backintoreallife"andperforming"real，extremetesting."（1）What'sRitter'spurposeofmentioningTesla'sAutoPilot？A．Toshowitsgoodpublicity.B．Tosupportitsassuredpositioning.C．Toputforwardreliableautonomysolutions.D．Toserveasareminderfortheautonomy﹣relatedindustries.（2）WhatisRitter'sattitudetowardsthedevelopmentofautonomyaccordingtoparagraph4？A．Cautious.B．Optimistic.C．Doubtful.D．Objective.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inthelastparagraphreferto？A．Realandextremetesting.B．Real﹣lifetesting.C．Abigsafechallenge.D．Expandingautonomy.（4）Whatisthetextmainlyabout？A．Bigchallengesforfutureautomation.B．Theimpactofautomationondailylife.C．Necessaryregulationsforsafeautomation.D．Differentfieldsofautomationdevelopment.第二节（共1小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。15．（12.5分）AreYouaPrisonerofPerfection？Doyoustruggleforagoalthatisbeyondyourreach？（1）Areyousettingyourselfupforfailureandshamewhenyoucan'tachievetheunachievable？Understandingwhatdrivesperfectionismisthefirststeptowardreleasingthisself﹣createdanchorthatkeepsusstuckShameandfearareoftenthehiddendriversofperfectionism.Webelievethatifwecanfashionaperfectlypolishedpersonality，flashourintelligence，andperfectourhumour，thennoonecanhurtuswithcriticismandwe'llwinrespectandapproval.（2）Politicianswhodisplayadesperateneedtoberightandrefusetoacknowledgemistakesoruncertaintyareoftendrivenbyasecretshame.Theyfearthatshowingvulnerability（弱点）willexposethemtotheaccusationthatthey'reweak.Theysticktoadesiretoberight，perfect，andpolished，evenwhenit'sobviousthattheemperorhasnoclothes.Perfectionismkeepsusleaningtowardthefuture.We'reconstantlyevaluatingourselvesinordertodobetter.（3）However，ifwecan'trelaxandenjoylightermoments，thenwebecomeprisonersofourperfectionism.Wegetpainfullyself﹣consciousandtakeourselvestooseriously.Sadly，wedeprive（剥夺）ourselvesofthesimplepleasureofenjoyingthemomentandbeingourselves.（4）Werealizethatfailingatanyenterprisedoesn'tmeanthatweareafailure.Withoutfailures，we'llneverlearnfromourmistakes；we'llnevermoveforwardinourlives.Thosewhosucceedhavemadecountlessmistakes.Theimportantthingistolearnfromourerror，forgiveourselvesandmoveon.Beinghuman，perfectionisimpossible.（5）Releasingourselvesfromthedesiretoprotectourimage，we'refreedtosailgracefullythroughoursuccessesandfailures—andenjoyourpreciouslife.A.Doyouholdanidealizedvisionthatisimpossibletorealize？B.Acuretoperfectionismistomakeroomforourhumanshortcomings.C.Doyoufearthatotherswillbehorrifiedbywhatyoujudgeaboutyourself？D.TheaddictiontostayingperfectprotectsusfromanysignofbeingimperfectE.There'snothingwrongwithwantingtodoourbestandself﹣correctingalongtheway.F.Peoplewhoareaddictedtoperfectionareoftenisolated，eveniftheyseemoutgoingandpopular.G.Byacceptingourselvesasweareanddoingourbest，webegintoridtheshamethatdrivesperfectionism.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节（共1小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。16．（15分）ColinColemanwasa16﹣year﹣oldemployeewhohadbeenworkingfor6monthsataKrogergrocerystorewhereJoshYork（1）doesshopping，sotheybecame（2）witheachother.Unluckily，JoshYorkhasimpaired（3），soheneedssomehelptoseetheproductsatthegrocerystore.OnedaywhenJoshwenttoKrogerforhis（4）groceryshopping，Colinrecognizedhimandimmediatelybegantoguidehimaroundthestoreandhelphimfindwhathe（5）.Hedidn'tstopuntilJosh's（6）wasentirelycheckedoff.Colinguidedtheshoppingcartaround（7）thatcouldbeobstacles.Throughoutthismomentof（8），ColinandJoshwereoverheardmakingsmalltalkandfindingoutoneanother'slives.Anothercustomersawthis（9）actandtookapictureofit，wherethetworeallyworkedtogetherasa（n）（10）togettheshoppingdone.Thepicture（11）beingpostedonthesocialmedia，whereitreceived46thousandlikes，and9.9thousandshares.JoshYorkreally（12）Colin'sactions，andnotjustbecausehehelpedhimaroundthestore，butbecauseColinmadesureto（13）theexperiencewithrespectandkindness.Colinoftenhelpsout（14），andspecificallyJosh.EventhoughColindoesn'tseemimpressedwithhisownkindbehavior，lotsofotherpeoplefelttheir（15）liftbecauseofhim.（1）A.occasionallyB.regularlyC.accidentallyD.seldom（2）A.concernedB.boredC.familiarD.patient（3）A.smellB.visionC.hearingD.balance（4）A.painfulB.slowC.lastD.normal（5）A.valuedB.neededC.lostD.ordered（6）A.listB.cardC.parcelD.information（7）A.vehiclesB.furnitureC.objectsD.rubbish（8）A.struggleB.successC.testD.helpfulness（9）A.braveB.confidentC.rudeD.generous（10）A.departmentB.organizationC.teamD.unit（11）A.endedupB.aimedatC.carriedonD.contributedto（12）A.approvedB.appreciatedC.stressedD.expected（13）A.shareB.treatC.describeD.prove（14）A.customersB.passengersC.employersD.colleagues（15）A.loadB.depressionC.spiritD.income第二节词汇运用（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）17．（1分）Manyexpertsrewardingyourchildforgoodbehavior.（提倡）18．（1分）Thewindgrewstrongandthesailoftheboat（摇荡；摇摆）crazilyfromonesidetotheother.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）19．（1分）Inthepast30years，ourcountryhas（目击；见证）greatimprovementinpeople'slifethankstotheopenandreformpolicy.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）20．（1分）Therewouldbefewerinternational（危机）demandinghisattention.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）21．（1分）Thesoilwaswashedawaybytheflood，（暴露；露出）barerock.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）22．（1分）Avictoryinthisgamewillearnhimthe（资格）fortheWorldCup.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）23．（1分）Hissudden（离开）threwtheofficeintochaos.24．（1分）Ourriskofcancerrises（dramatic）asweage.（所给词的适当形式填空）25．（1分）Shedesperatelywantedtowinherfather's（approve）.26．（1分）He'snotthepersonIsawjustnow.Imistooksomeoneelsehim.（用适当的词填空）27．（1分）IwasluckybecausethatwasthesecondtimethatI（visit）Russia.（所给词的适当形式填空）28．（1分）WhenIgraduatedfromhighschool，I（bless）withtheopportunitytobethefirstpersoninmyfamilytoattendcollege.（所给词的适当形式填空）29．（1分）Ifyoustudyhard，youarelikely（admit）toyourdreaminguniversity.（所给词的适当形式填空）30．（1分）Itwasquitealongtimethelittlekidrealizedhismistake.（用适当的词填空）31．（1分）Theyoungladyrushedintotheroom（instant）sheheardthenoise.（所给词的适当形式填空）第四部分写作（共两节，满分15分）第一节（满分15分）32．（15分）假定你是光明中学学生会主席李华，上周你校邀请Smith教授来校做了一场有关各国身势语的专题讲座。请你代表学校全体师生，用英语给他写一封感谢信。内容包括：1.表达感谢；2.通过讲座，师生对身势语有了更多的了解。注意：1.词数应为80左右；2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearProfessorSmith，______Yours，LiHua第二节（满分25分）33．（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。EarlyonecoldNovembermorning，mymotherdressedmeinthickclothes."Nowcomeoutsidewithme."shesaid.Onceoutside，shehandedmeabrownpaperbagthatheldsomethingthatsmelledlikewetdirt."Weneedtoplantbulbs（球茎）beforethefirsthardfreeze.Ihavealreadydugtheholes."shesaid."Sotakeeachbulbfromthebag，dropitinthehole，andthengentlypushthedirtbackintotheholecoveringthebulb﹣﹣﹣likeso."Iopenedthebag."Thesebulbsareuglyandlookdead!""You'reright.They'renotatallpretty.Butthey'renotdead；they'rejustsleepinguntilspring.""Andallthebulbslookalike，"Icontinued."Howdoweknowwhatthey'lllooklikenextspring？""Wewon'tknowforsureuntilspring，butthat'sthejoyofgardening.We'lljusthavetobepatient."AllwinterlongIhopedthattheflowerswouldbloomsomeday.OnedayinlateApril，Ifoundsomepinkpushingupthroughtheground.MymotherwasexcitedwhenIshowedher."Perfect!"shesaid."They'llbereadyatjusttherighttime."Afewdayslater，shetookmetothelocalstorewhereshegatheredupcoloredpaper，coloredribbons，andallthebasketsonsale."Okay，nowwe'rereadytomakeMaybaskets.""Maybaskets？WhatareMaybaskets？""Theyaresmallbasketsfilledwithfreshflowersandsecretlyleftatsomeone'sfrontdoor."Hereyesshonewithdelight."Sowhenwegethomewe'llcuttheflowersthatarebloominginthegardentomakeMaybaskets.Thentomorrow，Mayfirst，we'llgetupearlyandtakethemtoourneighbors.Doesn'tthatsoundlikefun？""ButIwaitedallwinterfortheflowerstobloom，andthey'resobeautiful.And…and…Ithoughtwewouldkeepthemforever，"Isaid，closetotears."Iknowyou'redisappointed，sweetie，butflowers﹣﹣likekindness﹣aremeanttobeshared.Theirbeautyisnotourstokeep.Youunderstand？"mymotherrepliedinatendervoice.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。"No!Idon'tunderstand.Iwanttokeeptheflowers."Iprotested.____________Shortlyafterdawnthenextmorning，webeganourjourneythroughtheneighborhood.________________

参考答案与试题解析第二部分阅读（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。11．【分析】文章介绍一些最新的发明，具体介绍这些发明的优点，给人们带来的好处．【解答】1．A．细节理解题．根据文章第三段的句子However，theTastyOneTopDIYcookingcompanionisheretohelp．DevelopedbyBuzzfeed，thecookercanbeconnectedtoasmartphoneapp，whichhasmorethan1，700recipesandvideos．可知，TastyOneTophelp可以教人们怎么做饭．故选A．2．C．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段的句子Itcanalsosetalarms，remindyouofimportantthings，tellyoutheweatherandreadnewsormessagesfromyourfriendsandfamily．可知，Jibo可能是家庭助手．故选C．3．B．写作意图题．根据第一段的句子EveryNovember，Timemagazinepicksoutwhatitcalls"The25BestInventions"oftheyear．Here，Teenshaschosensomeofthemostinterestingones．可知，文章介绍一些新的发明．故选B．【点评】考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．12．【分析】这是一篇说明文，介绍了风筝冲浪的出现、发展以及特点。【解答】（1）A.段落大意题。根据第一段中"Kitesurfingisasport"（风筝冲浪是一项运动）以及"Kitesurfingusesthesameequipment.."（风筝冲浪使用同样的设备）等可知，本段是对风筝冲浪的概念进行解释。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中"Earlyexperimentsinkitetransportationtookplacethroughthe19thcentury."（风筝运输的早期实验发生在19世纪。）可知，风筝运输的早期实验贯穿了整个19世纪。所以当时的人们试图把风筝作为交通工具使用。故选D。（3）C.推理判断题。根据第三段中"butinnovatorscontinuedtodevelopthetechnologytomakeiteasiertocontrolandsafer"（但创新者继续发展这项技术，使其更容易控制和更安全。）以及"In1997，aspecialkitesystemwasbuiltspecificallyforkitesurfing，whichhelpedkitesurfingintothemainstream."（1997年，一种专门为风筝冲浪设计的特殊风筝系统问世，帮助风筝冲浪成为主流。）可知，风筝的控制是风筝冲浪的关键。故选C。（4）A.细节理解题。根据第四段中"Themainattractionofkitesurfingisthepotentialforamazingtricks."（风筝冲浪的主要吸引人的地方是它可能会有惊人的技巧。）可知，风筝冲浪最吸引人的地方是它潜在的惊人绝技。故选A。【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。13．【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了爱沙尼亚索马地区仍在使用独木舟，说明了原因以及独木舟的建造过程和传承问题。【解答】（1）推理判断题。由本文第二自然段中的关键句Thewaterlevelrosesohighthatvillagerscouldrolladugoutcanoerightthroughtheirwindowsandintotheirlivingrooms.（水位涨得如此之高，村民们可以把独木舟从窗户推到客厅里。）可知村民必须保存独木舟是为了在洪水中幸存。故选A。（2）细节理解题。由本文第三自然段中的关键句Oncecutdown，thetreesarepeeledandshapedlikeacigarusinganaxe.（一旦被砍伐，树木就会被削皮，用斧头削成雪茄的形状。）可知⑤排序第一，故排除B、D选项；根据Fromhere，theinsideoftheboatiscarvedouttogiveitshape.（从这里开始，船的内部被雕刻出来，形成形状。）可知②排序第二，故排除A选项。故正确顺序为⑤②③①④。故选C。（3）细节理解题。由本文第四自然段中的关键句Hehopesthatbythetimehe's70therewillbemoreyoungpeopledoingthesame.（他希望在他70岁的时候，会有更多的年轻人做同样的事情。）可知Ruukel认为需要更多的人来传承这个传统。故选C。（4）标题归纳题。由本文第一自然段中的关键句Thesafeguardingofintangibleculturalheritageisconsideredanimportantpartofsustainabledevelopment.Amongthe629UNESCO﹣listedtraditionsarefiveentriesinEstonia，themostrecentofwhichisthebuildinganduseofdugoutcanoesintheSoomaaregion.（保护非物质文化遗产是可持续发展的重要组成部分。在被联合国教科文组织列入名录的629项传统中，爱沙尼亚有5项被列入，最近的一项是在Soomaa地区建造和使用独木舟。）结合文章主要说明了爱沙尼亚索马地区仍在使用独木舟，说明了原因以及独木舟的建造过程和传承问题。可知D．DugoutcanoesinEstoniaboattofuture（独木舟在爱沙尼亚驶向未来）作为题目最合适。故选D。【点评】阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。14．【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是在自动驾驶不断发展的过程中依旧面临着重大的安全挑战。【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第三段中的What'soneofthebigproblemsthere？Itdoesn'talwaysworkasadvertised.（其中的一个大问题是什么？它并不总是像宣传的那样有效。）以及HementionedTesla'sAutoPilotasanexample."Inourindustry，thenon﹣consumerworld，wecan'thavethat，"headded."Weneedtohaveautonomysolutionsthatwecantrust."（他以特斯拉的自动驾驶仪为例。"在我们这个行业，在非消费领域，我们不能这样做，"他补充说。"我们需要我们可以信任的自主解决方案。"）可知，此处Ritter提到Tesla'sAutoPilot的目的是给消费者提醒，Tesla'sAutoPilot实际提供的功能并不如所宣传的那样有效。故选D。（2）观点态度题。根据第四段中的"Applicationsinoff﹣roadautonomy—construction，miningandagriculture—areheretoday，whichalltakeplaceincontrollablespaces；lawsarenotsuchabigproblem."hesaid."Thisishappeningrightnow.Wedon'thavetowait10to20yearsforthat."（他说，"今天在越野自主建设、采矿和农业方面的应用已经实现，所有这些都在可控的空间中进行；法律不是那么大的问题。这正在发生。我们不需要等上10到20年。"）可知，Ritter认为未来自动驾驶的发展并不要让我们等上10到20年，因为它现在正在发生，由此推断他对自动驾驶的态度是乐观的。A．Cautious.谨慎的；B．Optimistic.乐观的；C．Doubtful.怀疑的；D．Objective.客观的。故选B。（3）词义猜测题。根据划线词that前面的句子Thosecanbeovercomebyreal﹣lifetesting（这些问题可以通过现实测试来克服）可知，在推广自动驾驶的过程中，巨大的安全挑战可以通过现实测试来克服，因此，划线词that指代的是"现实测试"。故选B。（4）主旨大意题。根据第二段中的Tomaketheautonomousfuturesafeandsecure，manufacturersandoperatorswillneedreliable，assuredpositioning，saidMichaelRitter，presidentofHexagon'sAutonomy&Positioningdivision.（Hexagon公司自主与定位部门总裁MichaelRitter表示，为了让未来的自动驾驶汽车更加安全可靠，制造商和运营商需要可靠的定位。）和全文内容可知，文章讲述的是在自动驾驶不断发展的过程中依旧面临着重大的安全挑战，并就此问题进行了分析讨论。故选A。【点评】1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。第二节（共1小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。15．【分析】这是一篇说明文。羞耻和恐惧往往是完美主义背后的驱动力。如果我们能塑造一个完美的人格，展示我们的智慧，完善我们的幽默，那么没有人可以用批评来伤害我们，我们会赢得尊重和认可。【解答】（1）A.推理判断题。根据上下文Doyoustruggleforagoalthatisbeyondyourreach？（1）Areyousettingyourselfupforfailureandshamewhenyoucan'tachievetheunachievable？你是否在为一个遥不可及的目标而奋斗？……当你无法实现无法实现的目标时，你是否在为失败和羞耻而自责？可知（1）应该是一个问句，所以A选项：你有没有一个理想化的愿景是不可能实现的？意思相符，故选A。（2）D.段落大意题。根据下文的例子，Politicians who display a desperate need to be right and refuse to acknowledge mistakes or uncertainty are often driven by a secret shame.They fear that showing vulnerability（弱点）will expose them to the accusation that they're weak.表现出迫切需要正确、拒绝承认错误或不确定性的政客们，往往被一种私下的羞耻感所驱使。他们害怕表现出脆弱会让他们受到软弱的指责。可知D选项：沉溺于完美，保护我们免于任何不完美的迹象。意思相符，故选D。（3）E.联系上文题。根据上文：Perfectionism keeps us leaning toward the future.We're constantly evaluating ourselves in order to do better.完美主义使我们倾向于未来。为了做得更好，我们不断地评估自己。可知E选项：想尽自己最大的努力，一路自我纠正，没有错。意思相符，故选E。（4）B.推理判断题。根据下文：We realize that failing at any enterprise doesn't mean that we are a failure.Without failures，we'll never learn from our mistakes；we'll never move forward in our lives.Those who succeed have made countless mis